December 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox legislative election

| country = Iraq

| flag_year = 2004

| previous_election = [[January 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election|January 2005]]

| next_election = [[2010 Iraqi parliamentary election|2010]]

| seats_for_election = All 275 seats in the [[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]

| majority_seats = 138

| election_date = 15 December 2005

| party1 = [[National Iraqi Alliance|UIA]] | leader1 = [[Ibrahim al-Jaafari]] | percentage1 = 41.19 | seats1 = 128 | last_election1 = 140

{{Politics of Iraq}}

| party2 = Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan | leader2 = [[Masoud Barzani]] | percentage2 = 21.67 | seats2 = 53 | last_election2 = 75

| party3 = Iraqi Accord Front | leader3 = [[Tariq al-Hashimi]] | percentage3 = 15.09 | seats3 = 44 | last_election3 = New

| party4 = Iraqi National List | leader4 = [[Ayad Allawi]] | percentage4 = 8.02 | seats4 = 25 | last_election4 = 40

| party5 = Iraqi National Dialogue Front | leader5 = [[Saleh al-Mutlaq]] | percentage5 = 4.10 | seats5 = 11 | last_election5 = New

| party6 = Kurdistan Islamic Union | leader6 = [[Salahaddin Bahaaddin]] | percentage6 = 1.29 | seats6 = 5 | last_election6 = New

| party7 = [[The Upholders of the Message|Risalyun]] | leader7 = | percentage7 = 1.19 | seats7 = 2 | last_election7 = New

| party8 = Reconciliation and Liberation Bloc | leader8 = [[Misha'an al-Juburi]] | percentage8 = 1.07 | seats8 = 3 | last_election8 = 1

| party9 = Iraqi Turkmen Front | leader9 = [[Saadeddin Arkej]] | percentage9 = 0.72 | seats9 = 1 | last_election9 = 3

| party10 = Rafidain List | leader10 = [[Yonadam Kanna]] | percentage10 = 0.39 | seats10 = 1 | last_election10 = 1

| party11 = [[Mithal al-Alusi List|Mithal al-Alusi]] | leader11 = [[Mithal al-Alusi]] | percentage11 = 0.26 | seats11 = 1 | last_election11 = New

| party12 = Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress | leader12 = [[Amin Farhan Jejo]] | percentage12 = 0.18 | seats12 = 1 | last_election12 = 0

| map = Iraq_Dec05_Elect.svg

Following the [[Iraqi constitution ratification vote, 2005|ratification]] of the [[Constitution of Iraq]] on [[October 15]] [[2005]], a '''general election was called for [[15 December]]''' to elect a permanent 275-member [[Iraqi National Assembly]].

| map_caption = Most voted-for party by governorate

| title = [[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]]

| posttitle = [[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]]-designate

| before_election = [[Ibrahim al-Jaafari]]

| before_party = [[National Iraqi Alliance|UIA]]

| after_election = [[Nouri al-Maliki]]

| after_party = [[National Iraqi Alliance|UIA]]

}}[[File:husaybah vote.jpg|thumb|270px|Iraqis in the predominantly Sunni city of [[Husaybah]], wait in lines to vote, during the national election, December 15. Just a few weeks earlier, Soldiers and Marines battled insurgents in this city, located along the Syrian border.]]

[[File:Iraq voting Dec15 2005.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Iraqis wait in line to vote]]

Parliamentary elections were held in [[Iraq]] on 15 December 2005, following the approval of a new [[Constitution of Iraq|constitution]] in a [[2005 Iraqi constitutional referendum|referendum on 15 October]].

The elections took place under a list system, whereby voters chose from a [[list of political parties in Iraq|list of parties]] and coalitions. 230 seats will be apportioned among [[Governorates of Iraq|Iraq's 18 governates]] based on the number of registered voters in each as of the [[Iraqi legislative election%2C January 2005|January 2005 elections]], including 59 seats for [[Baghdad Governorate]] [http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/IECI%20ApportionmentofGovernorateSeats%20English_new.pdf]. The seats within each governate will be allocated to lists through a system of [[Proportional Representation]]. An additional 45 "compensatory" seats will be allocated to those parties whose percentage of the national vote total (including out of country votes) exceeds the percentage of the 275 total seats that they have been allocated. Women will be required to occupy 25% of the 275 seats[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4522060.stm]. The change in the voting system will give more weight to [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] voters, who make up most of the of voters in several provinces. It is expected that these provinces will thus return mostly Sunni representatives. The nationwide vote of the previous election meant that the low [[voter turnout]] among Sunnis were overwhelmed by the high turnout of the [[Shi'a Islam|Shi'ites]] and [[Kurdish people|Kurd]]. In the previous election the largest Sunni block received only 5 seats.

==Electoral system==

== Impact of election ==

The elections took place under a list system, whereby voters chose from a [[list of political parties in Iraq|list of parties]] and coalitions. 230 seats were apportioned among [[Governorates of Iraq|Iraq's 18 governorates]] based on the number of registered voters in each as of the [[January 2005 Iraqi legislative election|January 2005 elections]], including 59 seats for [[Baghdad Governorate]].<ref>[http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/IECI%20ApportionmentofGovernorateSeats%20English_new.pdf local election results<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205173847/http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/IECI%20ApportionmentofGovernorateSeats%20English_new.pdf |date=December 5, 2007 }}</ref> The seats within each governorate were allocated to lists through a system of [[Proportional Representation]]. An additional 45 "compensatory" seats were allocated to those parties whose percentage of the national vote total (including out of country votes) exceeded the percentage of the 275 total seats that they had been allocated. Women were required to occupy 25% of the 275 seats.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4522060.stm BBC NEWS | Middle East | Guide to Iraq's election<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

The change in the voting system gave more weight to Arab [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] voters, who made up most of the voters in several provinces.{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}} It was expected that these provinces would thus return mostly Sunni Arab representatives, after most Sunnis boycotted the previous election.{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}}

The election is expected to have a significant impact on the politics of Iraq. Most significant developments are expected to be:

=== Iraq secreterian composition ===

The most important of all, and the main reason this election was peaceful, because every sect is eager to prove that the population composition is wrong. There is little difference between Shias and Sunnis apart from their opinions on the status of Ali (4th caliph). Sunnis would like to prove that they have a higher population than estimated, while Shias are eager to claim a majority.

=== Broadening of political space ===

This election will see the participation of two communities (or sects) - the Sunnis and the [[Muqtada al-Sadr|Sadrists]] - who did not participate significantly in the prior legislative elections. The domestic component of the insurgency has been linked to both groups.

=== Debate over Federalism and Succession ===

The elected Assembly will have a difficult task of ratifying a constitution. The initial debate is likely to focus on the power of a centralist government and policies surrounding natural resources, security and civil services. If the political process fails resulting in a unauthorized constitution, there is the real risk of civil war.

=== Increased choice within communities ===

All three main communities will go into these elections with at least two significant coalitions to chose from. Parties have split from both the main Shi'a and Kurdish coalitions and two lists from the Sunni community are tipped to win significant support in that community.

=== Anti-incumbency vote ===

The main competition in the last election within the majority Shi'a community was between the secular outgoing [[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]], [[Iyad Allawi]], and the [[United Iraqi Alliance]] which was backed by the religious authorities. This time the religious authorities have refused to back the Alliance and this may be influential in persuading some Shi'a to consider supporting Allawi. His coalition has also been stengthened by the addition of the [[Iraqi Communist Party]], which was said to have run one of the most organised campaigns in the previous election, and a number of Sunni elder statesmen, including [[Ghazi al-Yawar]] and [[Adnan Pachachi]]. This election may therefore see a signficant shift in power away from the religious parties.

== Parties and coalitions ==

==Parties and coalitions==

The deadline for registering parties and coalitions closed on 28 October. The Electoral Commission announced that 228 lists had been registered, including 21 coalitions.

The emerging Iraqi political scene has beenwas marked by groups of established parties running on joint lists, often grouped on sectarian or ethnic grounds. These lists are not necessarynecessarily stable, as the parties sharing a list may be past or present rivals; the situation will be even more complicated for the December 2005 election because parties can form different alliances in different governorates. The landscape is currently fluid; what follows is a list of some of the more important parties and coalitions, with a focus on alliances that have shifted since the January 2005 election.

===United Iraqi Alliance (#555)===

=== United Iraqi Alliance (#555) ===

This coalition, dominated by Shi'ite parties, was formed to contest the January 2005 election with the blessing of [[Ayatollah]] [[Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani|Ali al-Sistani]], the most senior Shi'ite [[cleric]] based in Iraq. It won the most votes in that election and became the senior partner in the coalition government that ran Iraq for most of 2005. The UIA's main components were:

This coalition, dominated by Shi'ite parties, was formed to contest the January 2005 election with the blessing of [[Ayatollah]] [[Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani|Ali al-Sistani]], the most senior Shi'ite [[cleric]] based in Iraq. It won the most votes in that election and became the senior partner in the coalition government that ran Iraq for most of 2005. The UIA's main components were:

*The [[Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq]] (SCIRI) led by [[Abdul Aziz al-Hakim]] and the transitional [[Presidency Council of Iraq|Deputy President]] Adel Abdul Mahdi

*The [[Islamic Dawa Party]] led by transitional [[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]] [[Ibrahim al-Jaafari]]

*The [[Iraqi National Congress]] of [[Ahmed Chalabi]]

*The al-Fadhila [[Islamic Virtue Party]], which includes the Governor of [[Basra]], Mohammed al-Waili

*Iraqi [[Iraqi Hezbollah]], led by former [[Iraqi Interim Government|Interim Governing Council]] member Sheikh Abdul [[Abdel-Karim Mahoud al-MuhammadawiMohammedawi]], who led the rebellion by the [[Marsh Arabs]] against [[Saddam Hussein]].

*A number of independent politicians, including some supporters of [[Moqtada Sadr|Moqtada al-Sadr]] (although other Sadr supporters formed the [[National Independent Cadres and Elites]] party).

In advance of the '''December 2005''' elections, [[Moqtada Sadr|Moqtada al-Sadr]]'s party chose to join the Alliance. However, the [[Iraqi National Congress]] and Iraqi Hezbollah left the Alliance to form their own lists. For the December 2005 elections, the list's places would be split between the parties as follows:

In a blow to the Alliance, [[Ayatollah]] [[Ali al-Sistani]] announced that he would not back any particular party for the election; he merely encouraged people to vote "according to their beliefs." He is said to have been disappointed with the performance of the transitional government.

It was initially reported before the election that the UIA seats would be split between the parties as follows:

*[[Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq]] (SCIRI) - 30 places

*[[Moqtada Sadr|Moqtada al-Sadr]]'s party - 30 places

*[[Islamic Dawa Party]] - 29 places

*[[al-FadhilaIslamic IslamicVirtue Party]] - 1514 places

*others - 15 places

Analysis of the seat allocation after the elections showed that the 109 district seats and 19 compensatory seats won by the UIA were split as follows:

In a blow to the Alliance, [[Ayatollah]] [[Ali al-Sistani]] announced that he would not back any particular party for the election; he merely encouraged people to vote "according to their beliefs." He is said to have been disappointed with the performance of the transitional government.

*[[Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq]] (SCIRI) and Badr - 21 + 15

===[[The Kurdistan Alliance]] (#730)===

*[[Moqtada Sadr|Moqtada al-Sadr]]'s party - 25 + 3

*[[Islamic Virtue Party]] - 14 + 1

*[[Islamic Dawa Party]] - 13

*[[Islamic Dawa Party - Iraq Organisation]] - 12

*independents and others - 24

[http://historiae.org/UIA.asp]<ref>[http://www.juancole.com/2006_01_01_juancole_archive.html Informed Comment: January 2006<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

This Kurdish-dominated coalition was formed for the January 2005 election by the two main Kurdish parties -- the [[Kurdistan Democratic Party]] of [[Kurdish Autonomous Region]] President [[Masoud Barzani]] and the [[Patriotic Union of Kurdistan]] of the transitional [[Presidency Council of Iraq|Iraqi President]] [[Jalal Talabani]] -- plus some other smaller parties. The DPAK formed a coalition government with the UIA in the wake of the January 2005 elections.

=== The Kurdistan Alliance (#730) ===

This coalition will also contest the December elections, but the smaller [[Kurdistan Islamic Union]], who won 10 percent of the seats in the [[Dahuk]] and [[As Sulaymaniyah Governorate|Sulaymaniyah]] governorate elections in January, has announced that it will form its own governmental lists.

This Kurdish-dominated coalition was formed for the January 2005 election by the two main Kurdish parties—the [[Kurdistan Democratic Party]] of [[Kurdistan Region]] President [[Masoud Barzani]] and the [[Patriotic Union of Kurdistan]] of the transitional [[Presidency Council of Iraq|Iraqi President]] [[Jalal Talabani]]—plus some other smaller parties. The DPAK formed a coalition government with the UIA in the wake of the January 2005 elections.

This coalition will also contest the December elections, but the smaller [[Kurdistan Islamic Union]], who won 10 percent of the seats in the [[Duhok, Iraq|Dahuk]] and [[As Sulaymaniyah Governorate|Sulaymaniyah]] governorate elections in January, has announced that it will form its own governmental lists.

===[[Iraqi National List]] (#731)===

=== Iraqi National List (#731) ===

The [[Iraqi List]] was established by [[Iyad Allawi]], who served as interim Prime Minister before the January 2005 election. It is dominated by his [[Iraqi National Accord]] party.

For the December 2005 election, it has joined forces with [[Iraqi interim government|former interim President]] [[Ghazi al-Yawar]]'s [[The Iraqis (party)|The Iraqis]] list, the [[People's Union (Iraq)|People's Union]] list (which is dominated by the [[Iraqi Communist Party]]), and the [[Sunni]] Arab politician [[Adnan Pachachi]] and his [[Assembly of Independent Democrats]] to form a single list called the Iraqi National List. This list will attempt to present a secular and trans-community alternative to the other major lists, which are more based on the support of a single ethnic or religious groups.

===[[ Iraqi Accord Front]] (#618) ===

The [[Iraqi Islamic Party]] originally registered for the January elections but then decided to boycott the polls, which meant that it did not gain any seats. It has decided to participate in the December elections, forming a list called the [[Iraqi Accord Front]] with two other smaller parties, the Iraqi Peoples' Gathering and the Iraqi National Dialogue. These parties aim to tap the [[Sunni]] Arab vote; Sunni Arabs overwhelmingly boycotted the January election, but increased Sunni participation in the [[Iraqi constitution ratification vote, 2005|constitutional referendum]] may indicate an increased Sunni turnout for the December elections, especially because more than 1,000 Sunni clerics called on their followers to vote, according to ''[[The New York Times]]'' .<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/international/AP-Iraq.html?pagewanted=2 {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> However, the [[Association of Muslim Scholars]], which is influential in the Sunni community, has called for a boycott of the December elections, which could have an adverse impact on the Iraqi Accord Front's success.

=== Other lists ===

The [[Iraqi Islamic Party]] party originally registered for the January elections but then decided to boycott the polls, which meant that it did not gain any seats. It has decided to participate in the December elections, forming a list called the Iraqi Accord Front with two other smaller parties, the Iraqi Peoples' Gathering and the Iraqi National Dialogue. These parties aim to tap the [[Sunni]] Arab vote; Sunni Arabs overwhelmingly boycotted the January election, but increased Sunni participation in the [[Iraqi constitution ratification vote, 2005|constitutional referendum]] may indicate an increased Sunni turnout for the December elections, especially because more than 1,000 Sunni clerics called on their followers to vote, according to the [[New York Times]] [http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/international/AP-Iraq.html?pagewanted=2]. However, the [[Association of Muslim Scholars]], which is influential in the Sunni community, has called for a boycott of the December elections, which could have an adverse impact on the Iraqi Accord Front's success.

*[[National Peace List]] (#635) Led by Laith Kubba, the spokesman of the current Iraqi PM, Ibrahim Al-Jaafari

===Other lists===

*[[Arabic List]] (#615)

*[[Independent Karbala Coalition]] (#533) - A Shi'ite group based in [[KerbalaKarbala]]

*[[Brotherhood and Peace List]] (#737)

*[[National Congress Coalition]] (#569) - Made up of the Chalabi's [[Iraqi National Congress]] and some smaller groups including the monarchist [[Iraqi Constitutional Monarchy]]. Current Justice Minister [[AbdAbdel al-HusaynHussein Shandal]] has also joined this block. The list is mostly Shi'ite, but with some Sunnis.

*''Al-Risaliyun'' (#631), "[[The Upholders of the Message]]" (or "Message Party" or "Progressives" in the IECI translation). This is a list of Sadrists that do not support the UIA and was backed by one of al-Sadr's collaborators, sheikh [[Abdul-Hadi al-Darraji]].

*[[Islamic Coalition]] (#549)

*[[Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress]] (#668). [[Yazidi]] minority party.

*Islamic Coalition (#549)

*[[Justice and Future Coalition]] (#517)

*[[Al Nahrain National List]] (#752) - An Iraqi ChristianAssyrian list

*[[Al Wafaa For Basrah Gathering]] (#512)

*[[Iraqi National Dialogue Front]] (#667) - A mainly Sunni coalition, unlike the accord it is avowedly secular and opposed to the new constitution. It is led by [[Saleh al-Mutlak]], who was a leader of Sunni opposition to the new constitution.

*[[Hewar National Iraqi Front]] (#667)

*[[Furation-Human Rights]] (#647)

*[[Mithal Al Aloosi List For Iraqi Nation]] (#620)

Line 90 ⟶ 110:

*[[Al Khalas National Front]] (#798)

*[[Iraq Turkmen Front]] (#630)

*[[Unified National List]] (#829)

*[[Unified National List]] (#829) - A mainly Sunni coalition, unlike the accord it is avowedly secular and opposed to the new constitution. It is led by [[Saleh al-Mutlak]], who was a leader of Sunni opposition to the new constitution.

*[[Iraqi Free Progressive Party]] (#631568). It'sIts leader, Iraqi [[Sunni]] politician [[Mizhar Dulaimi]] was shot dead while campaigning in [[Ramadi]] on [[December 13]]. The previous night, he had appeared on television urging Sunnis to take part in the elections. [httphttps://news.bbc.co.uk/21/hi/world/middle_east/4523972.stm]

*[[Assembly of Independent Iraqis]] (#565) . A secular resistance-supporter list led by former electricity minister Dr. [[Ayham al-Samarie]].

==Results==

{{Election results

|party1=[[National Iraqi Alliance|United Iraqi Alliance]]|votes1=5021137|seats1=128|sc1=–12

|party2=[[Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan]]|votes2=2642172|seats2=53|sc2=–22

|party3=[[Iraqi Accord Front]]|votes3=1840216|seats3=44|sc3=New

|party4=[[Iraqi National List]]|votes4=977325|seats4=25|sc4=–15

|party5=[[Iraqi National Dialogue Front]]|votes5=499963|seats5=11|sc5=New

|party6=[[Kurdistan Islamic Union]]|votes6=157688|seats6=5|sc6=New

|party7=[[The Upholders of the Message]]|votes7=145028|seats7=2|sc7=New

|party8=[[Reconciliation and Liberation Bloc]]|votes8=129847|seats8=3|sc8=+2

|party9=[[Iraqi Turkmen Front]]|votes9=87993|seats9=1|sc9=–2

|party10=[[Rafidain List]]|votes10=47263|seats10=1|sc10=0

|party11=[[Mithal al-Alusi List]]|votes11=32245|seats11=1|sc11=New

|party12=[[Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress]]|votes12=21908|seats12=1|sc12=+1

|party13=Other parties|votes13=588348|seats13=0|sc13=–

|total_sc=0

|invalid=205498

|electorate=15568702

|source=[http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2151bis_05.htm IPU]

}}

==Aftermath==

===Fraud allegations===

[[File:PurpleFingers - Iraqi legislative election, 051215-M-4314O-002.jpg|thumb|A group of Iraqi citizens walking down a path showing their purple fingers, signifying that they had voted.]]

On 22 December 2005 Sunni Arab and secular Shiite factions demanded that an international body review election fraud complaints, and threatened to boycott the new legislature. The [[United Nations]] rejected the idea.

Large demonstrations broke out across Iraq on 23 December to denounce the elections. Protesters said that the elections were rigged in favor of the main religious Shiite coalition. Many Iraqis outside the religious Shiite coalition allege that the elections were unfair to smaller Sunni Arab and secular Shiite groups. As many as 20,000 people demonstrated after noon prayers in southern [[Baghdad]]. Over 2,000 people demonstrated in [[Mosul]], accusing [[Iran]] of involvement in the election.

== External references==

*[http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/Elections%20Law%20-%20English.pdf Election Law (on the website of the Iraqi Election Commission)]

*[http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/IECI%20ApportionmentofGovernorateSeats%20English_new.pdf Apportionment of 230 seats among the 18 Governorates]

*[http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2005%5C10%5C30%5Cstory_30-10-2005_pg4_9 Pakistan Daily Times]

*[http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/Fact%20Sheet%20-%20Elections%20Law%20-%20En.pdf Iraqi Election Commission Fact Sheet]

*[http://www.thehill.com/thehill/export/TheHill/Comment/OpEd/110905_oxford.html The Hill Iraq’s pre-election political landscape proves complex]

*[http://www.aliraqnews.com/aliraqnews/modules/news/article.php?storyid=2712 List of parties]

[[Sheik Mahmoud al-Sumaidaei]] of the [[Association of Muslim Scholars]], a major Sunni clerical group, told followers during prayers at Baghdad's [[Umm al-Qura Mosque|Umm al-Qura mosque]] that they were "living a conspiracy built on lies and forgery."<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 December 2005 |title=Iraq to remove 90 former Baathists from ballots |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna10585658 |access-date=15 January 2025 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref>

*[http://www.osm.org/site/story/2005127omarelectionoroundup?currow=5 Iraq the Model goes deep inside the Iraqi election]

*[http://pajamasmedia.com/ Exclusive Election Coverage from Iraq from Pajamas Media and Iraq the Model ]

Violence in Iraq increased following the election on 15 December.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 December 2005 |title=Spike in violence kills more than 20 in Iraq |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna10602151 |access-date=15 January 2025 |work=NBC News}}</ref> The president of the Students' Union of [[University of Mosul|Mosul University]], Qusay Salahaddin, was abducted and killed after leading a demonstration against the election results.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/iraq-human-rights-report-01-nov-31-dec-2005 |title=Iraq: Human rights report - 01 Nov - 31 Dec 2005 |date=31 December 2005 |publisher=[[United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq]] |access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref> Approximately 2,000 students gathered at the mosque where his body was transported, accusing militia forces affiliated with one of the main parties in the Shiite Alliance bloc for Salahaddin's murder. No group has yet claimed responsibility for the killing.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 December 2005 |title=Bombs, protests as Iraq election mood sours |url=https://lexpress.mu/s/article/bombs-protests-iraq-election-mood-sours |access-date=15 January 2025 |work=[[L'Express (Mauritius)|L'Express]]}}</ref>

*[http://aviraqi.blogspot.com/2005/12/average-iraqi-look-at-possible-winners.html#comments An Average Iraqi look at the Possible Winners]

===Government formation===

*[http://usinfo.state.gov/xarchives/display.html?p=washfile-english&y=2005&m=December&x=20051215095713ndyblehs0.9486963&t=livefeeds/wf-latest.html Iraqi Voters Choose First Permanent Constitutional Government]

{{main|Al Maliki I Government}}

After six months of negotiations a "government of national unity" was agreed between the [[United Iraqi Alliance]], [[Iraqi Accord Front]], [[Kurdistani Alliance]] and [[Iraqi National List]], under the leadership of Prime Minister [[Nouri al-Maliki]].

*[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-12/15/content_3926091.htm Iraq's former PM stresses national unity]

==See also==

Straw poll shows close race in Iraq

*[[List of members of the Council of Representatives of Iraq, 2005–2010]]

http://today.reuters.com/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=fundLaunches&storyID=2005-12-15T181238Z_01_SIB565009_RTRUKOC_0_US-IRAQ-ELECTION-SENTIMENT.xml

==References==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==

[[Category:2005 elections]]

{{Wikiquote|Iraqi legislative election, 2005}}

[[Category:Elections in Iraq]]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927223312/http://www.ieciraq.org/English/result_of_election_part.htm Uncertified results released January 20, 2006 (on the website of the Iraqi Election Commission)]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153755/http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/Elections%20Law%20-%20English.pdf Election Law (from the Election Commission website]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110726171238/http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/IECI%20ApportionmentofGovernorateSeats%20English_new.pdf Apportionment of 230 seats among the 18 Governorates]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060107160611/http://dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2005%5C10%5C30%5Cstory_30-10-2005_pg4_9 Pakistan Daily Times]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110726171306/http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/Fact%20Sheet%20-%20Elections%20Law%20-%20En.pdf Iraqi Election Commission Fact Sheet]

*{{Cite web |url=http://www.thehill.com/thehill/export/TheHill/Comment/OpEd/110905_oxford.html |title=The Hill Iraq's pre-election political landscape proves complex |access-date=December 16, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113174346/http://www.thehill.com/thehill/export/TheHill/Comment/OpEd/110905_oxford.html |archive-date=November 13, 2006 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

*{{Cite web |url=http://www.aliraqnews.com/aliraqnews/modules/news/article.php?storyid=2712 |title=List of parties |access-date=December 16, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060113134030/http://www.aliraqnews.com/aliraqnews/modules/news/article.php?storyid=2712 |archive-date=January 13, 2006 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

*[http://www.osm.org/site/story/2005127omarelectionoroundup?currow=5 Iraq the Model goes deep inside the Iraqi election]{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}

*[https://aviraqi.blogspot.com/2005/12/average-iraqi-look-at-possible-winners.html#comments An Average Iraqi look at the Possible Winners]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101128190523/http://www.america.gov/st/washfile-english/2005/December/20051215095713ndyblehs0.9486963.html Iraqi Voters Choose First Permanent Constitutional Government]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051219104151/http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0%2C1280%2C-5485174%2C00.html Straw poll shows close race in Iraq]

*[http://www.economist.com/world/displaystory.cfm?story_id=5299697 Iraq takes another step down a long, hard road], [[The Economist]], December 16, 2005

*{{Cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,1280,-5485174,00.html |title=Sunni Leader Open to Coalition Government |access-date=December 17, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051219104151/http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,1280,-5485174,00.html |archive-date=December 19, 2005 |url-status=bot: unknown |df=mdy-all }}

*[http://www.arabnews.com/?page=4&section=0&article=74853&d=17&m=12&y=2005 Shiites, Kurds Lead in Polls]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060104110207/http://www.dailypress.com/news/local/virginia/dp-va--iraqvote-us1219dec19,0,1300572.story?coll=dp-headlines-virginia Christian slate wins narrow plurality in U.S. expat voting]

{{Iraqi elections}}

{{Iraqi Kurdistan elections}}

[[Category:2005 elections in Iraq|Parliamentary 2]]

[[sv:Parlamentsvalet i Irak i december 2005]]

[[Category:Parliamentary elections in Iraq|2005 12]]

[[Category:December 2005 in Iraq|Parliamentary]]

[[Category:2005 elections in Asia|Iraq 2]]

[[Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results|2005]]