444 Gyptis: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}}

{{Minor Planet | name=444 Gyptis

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}

| discoverer=[[Jérôme Eugène Coggia|J. Coggia]]

{{Infobox planet

| discovery_date=[[March 31]], [[1899]]

| minorplanet=yes

| designations=1899 EL

| background=#D6D6D6

| category=[[Asteroid belt|Main belt]]

| name=444 Gyptis

| epoch=[[30 January]], [[2005]] ([[Julian day|JD]] 2453400.5)

| discoverer=[[Jérôme Eugène Coggia]]

| semimajor=415.06 [[Giga|G]][[metre|m]] (2.775 [[Astronomical unit|AU]])

| discovered=31 March 1899

| perihelion=343.129 Gm (2.294 AU)

| mpc_name=(444) Gyptis

| aphelion=486.992 Gm (3.255 AU)

| alt_names=1899 EL

| eccentricity=0.173

| pronounced={{IPAc-en|'|dZ|I|p|t|I|s}}

| period=1687.986 [[day|d]] (4.62 [[Julian year (astronomy)|a]])

| inclinationnamed_after=10.277[[degreeGyptis (anglemythology)|°Gyptis]]

| adjective = Gyptidian

| asc_node=195.85°

| mp_category=[[Asteroid belt|Main belt]]

| arg_peri=154.569°

| epoch=31 July 2016 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2457600.5)

| mean_anomaly=195.011°

| semimajor={{Convert|2.77005|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}

| speed=17.88 km/[[second|s]]

| perihelion={{Convert|2.28337|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}

| dimensions=160.0 km

| aphelion={{Convert|3.25674|AU|Gm|abbr=on|lk=on}}

| mass=''unknown''

| eccentricity=0.17569

| density=''unknown''

| period=4.61 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1684.0 [[Julian year (astronomy)|d]])

| gravity=''unknown''

| inclination=10.2775°

| escape_velocity=''unknown''

| asc_node=195.716°

| rotation=''unknown''

| arg_peri=154.984°

| spectral_class=[[C-type asteroid|C]]

| mean_anomaly=11.8852[[Degree (angle)|°]]

| abs_mag=7.83

| dimensions=179×150 km<ref name=euraster/>

| albedo=''unknown''

| mean_diameter = {{val|159.331|0.490|ul=km}}<ref name=jpldata>{{cite web

| temperature=''unknown''}}

|type=2024-09-25 last obs

|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 444 Gyptis (1899 EL)

|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=444

|access-date=19 Dec 2024}}</ref><br>{{val|164.63|2.60|ul=km}}<ref name="Carry2012"/>

| mass=1.25{{e|19}} kg<ref name=Baer>

{{cite web

|date=2008

|title=Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations

|publisher=Personal Website

|author=Jim Baer

|url=http://home.earthlink.net/~jimbaer1/astmass.txt

|access-date=2008-11-27

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130702212735/http://home.earthlink.net/~jimbaer1/astmass.txt

|archive-date=2013-07-02

|url-status=dead

}}

</ref><br>{{val|1.06|0.28|e=19|u=kg}}<ref name="Carry2012"/>

| density=5.53±1.46 g/cm³<ref name=Baer/><br>{{val|4.55|1.23|u=g/cm3}}<ref name="Carry2012"/>

| rotation={{Convert|6.214|h|d|abbr=on|lk=on}}<ref name=jpldata/>

| spectral_type=[[C-type asteroid|C]]<ref name=jpldata/>

| abs_magnitude=8.07<ref name=jpldata/>

| albedo={{val|0.051|0.008}}<ref name=jpldata/>

| mean_motion={{Deg2DMS|0.213782|sup=ms}} / day

| orbit_ref=<ref name=jpldata />

| observation_arc=116.54 yr (42568 d)

| uncertainty=0

}}

'''444 Gyptis''' is a very large [[Asteroid belt|Main main-belt]] [[asteroid]] that was discovered by [[Jérôme Eugène Coggia]] on March 31, 1899, in [[Marseille]]. It is classified as a [[C-type asteroid|C-type]] asteroid and is probably composed of privitive [[carbonatecarbonaceous chondrite|carbonaceous material]]s. The spectra of the asteroid displays evidence of aqueous alteration.<ref name=Fornasier1999/>

In 2004, Kochetova estimated Gyptis to have a mass of 1.25{{e|19}} kg with a high density of 5.53 g/cm³.<ref name=Baer/> In 2012 Carry estimated the mass as {{val|1.06|0.28|e=19|u=kg}} with a high density of {{val|4.55|1.23|u=g/cm3}}.<ref name="Carry2012"/> The [[adaptive optics]] instrument at the [[W. M. Keck Observatory]] showed an object with a diameter of 129&nbsp;km, which is much smaller than the estimate of 160&nbsp;km from the [[IRAS]] observatory measurements, indicating an irregular shape. The size ratio between the major and minor axes is estimated at 1.40.<ref name="Marchis2006"/> Observations of an [[occultation]] on October 14, 2007, produced six [[Chord (astronomy)|chords]] indicating a cross-section ellipsoid of 179×150&nbsp;km.<ref name=euraster>{{cite web|date=2007-10-14|title=2007 European Asteroidal Occultation Results|publisher=euraster.net (a website for Asteroidal Occultation Observers in Europe)|url=http://www.euraster.net/results/2007/index.html#1014-444|access-date=2008-12-01}} [http://www.euraster.net/results/2007/20071014-Gyptis-crd.gif (Chords)]</ref>

It was discovered by [[Jérôme Eugène Coggia|J. Coggia]] on [[March 31]], [[1899]] in [[Marseilles]].

Between 1990 and 2021, 444 Gyptis has been observed to [[occultation|occult]] 17 stars.

{{beltasteroid-stub}}

==References==

{{MinorPlanets Navigator|443 Photographica|445 Edna}}

{{Reflist|refs=

{{MinorPlanets_Footer}}

<ref name=Fornasier1999>{{citation

[[Category:Main Belt asteroids|Gyptis]]

| title=Spectroscopic comparison of aqueous altered asteroids with CM2 carbonaceous chondrite meteorites

[[fr:(444) Gyptis]]

| display-authors=1 | postscript=.

| last1=Fornasier | first1=S. | last2=Lazzarin | first2=M.

| last3=Barbieri | first3=C. | last4=Barucci | first4=M. A.

| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement

| volume=135 | pages=65−73 | date=February 1999

| doi=10.1051/aas:1999161 | bibcode=1999A&AS..135...65F | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Marchis2006">{{Citation

| first1 = F.

| last1 = Marchis

| first2 = M.

| last2 = Kaasalainen

| first3 = E. F. Y.

| last3 = Hom

| first4 = J.

| last4 = Berthier

| first5 = J.

| last5 = Enriquez

| first6 = D.

| last6 = Hestroffer

| first7 = D.

| last7 = Le Mignant

| first8 = I.

| last8 = de Pater

| display-authors = 1

| title = Shape, size and multiplicity of main-belt asteroids. I. Keck Adaptive Optics survey

| journal = Icarus

| volume = 185

| issue = 1

| pages = 39–63

| date=November 2006

| bibcode = 2006Icar..185...39M

| doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.001

| postscript= .

| pmid=19081813

| pmc=2600456

}}</ref>

<ref name="Carry2012">{{Citation

| first1 = B.

| last1 = Carry

| title = Density of asteroids

| work = Planetary and Space Science

| volume = 73

| pages = 98–118

|date=December 2012

| doi = 10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009

| bibcode = 2012P&SS...73...98C

| postscript= .

|arxiv = 1203.4336 }} See Table 1.</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==

* {{AstDys|444}}

* {{JPL small body}}

{{Minor planets navigator |443 Photographica |number=444 |445 Edna}}

{{Small Solar System bodies}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:000444}}

[[Category:Background asteroids]]

[[Category:Discoveries by Jérôme Coggia|Gyptis]]

[[Category:Named minor planets|Gyptis]]

[[Category:C-type asteroids (Tholen)]]

[[Category:C-type asteroids (SMASS)]]

[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1899|18990331]]

[[Category:Objects observed by stellar occultation]]

{{C-beltasteroid-stub}}