Content deleted Content added
Fix link |
No edit summary Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit |
||
| (411 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|none}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->{{Distinguish|List of sovereign states}}
{{Executive}}
This is a list of the offices of [[heads of state]], [[heads of government]], [[cabinet (politics)|cabinet]], and [[legislature]], of [[List of sovereign states|sovereign states]]. Date of Origin refers to most recent fundamental change in form of government, for example independence, change from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, revolution, new constitution.
== Member and observer states of the United Nations ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country !! Head of state !! Head of government !! Cabinet !! Legislature !! Date of origin
|-
|[[Afghanistan]]
|[[Supreme Leader of Afghanistan|Supreme Leader]]
|[[Prime Minister of Afghanistan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Afghanistan|Cabinet]]
|[[Leadership Council of Afghanistan|Leadership Council]]
|[[2021 Taliban offensive|2021]]
|-
|[[Albania]]
|[[List of Presidents of Albania|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Albania|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Albania|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of Albania|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Albania#The Return to Democracy|1991]]
|-
|[[Algeria]]
|[[President of Algeria|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Algeria|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Algeria|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Algeria|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Algeria|1989]]
|-
|[[Andorra]]
|[[List of Co-Princes of Andorra|Co-Princes]]{{NoteTag|The [[bishop of Urgell]] in Spain and the [[president of France]] serve as Andorra's princes, while each prince appoints a personal representative.}}
|[[Head of Government of Andorra|Head of Government]]
|[[Executive Council of Andorra|Executive Council]]
|[[General Council of the Valleys|General Council]]
|[[Constitution of Andorra|1993]]
|-
|[[Angola]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Angola|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Angola|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Angola|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Angola|2010]]
|-
|[[Antigua and Barbuda]]
|[[Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth">In [[Commonwealth realm]]s other than the UK, the [[Governor-General]] represents the [[Monarch of the UK]] who is the official head of state.</ref>
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Antigua and Barbuda|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda|Parliament]]
|1981
|-
|[[Argentina]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Argentina|President]]
|[[Ministries of the Argentine Republic|Ministries]]
|[[Argentine National Congress|National Congress]]
|[[1994 amendment of the Constitution of Argentina|1994]]
|-
|[[Armenia]]
|[[President of Armenia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Armenia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Armenia|Cabinet]]
|[[Azgayin Zhoghov|National Assembly]]
|1995
|-
|[[Australia]]
|[[Monarchy of Australia|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Australia|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Australia|Parliament]]
|1901
|-
|[[Austria]]
|[[President of Austria|President]]
|[[Chancellor of Austria|Chancellor]]
|[[Cabinet of Austria|Cabinet]]
|[[Austrian Parliament|Parliament]]
|1955
|-
|[[Azerbaijan]]
|[[President of Azerbaijan|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Azerbaijan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Azerbaijan|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Azerbaijan|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Azerbaijan|1990]]
|-
|[[The Bahamas|Bahamas, The]]
|[[Commonwealth realm|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[List of heads of government of the Bahamas|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of the Bahamas|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of the Bahamas|Parliament]]
|1973
|-
|[[Bahrain]]
|[[King of Bahrain|King]]
|[[Prime Minister of Bahrain|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Bahrain|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Bahrain|National Assembly]]
|2002
|-
|[[Bangladesh]]
|[[List of presidents of Bangladesh|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Bangladesh|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Bangladesh|Cabinet]]
|[[Jatiya Sangsad|National Parliament]]
|1971
|-
|[[Barbados]]
|[[President of Barbados|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Barbados|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Barbados|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Barbados|Parliament]]
|[[Republicanism in Barbados|2021]]
|-
|[[Belarus]]
|[[President of Belarus|President]]
|[[List of Belarusian Prime Ministers|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Belarus|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus|National Assembly]]
|1994
|-
|[[Belgium]]
|[[Monarchy of Belgium|King]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Belgium|Prime Minister]]
|[[Belgian Federal Government|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Belgian Federal Parliament|Federal Parliament]]
|1831
|-
|[[Belize]]
|[[Commonwealth realm|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Belize|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Belize|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Belize|National Assembly]]
|1981
|-
|[[Benin]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Benin|President]]
|[[Politics of Benin#Executive Branch|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Benin|National Assembly]]
|1990
|-
|[[Bhutan]]
|[[List of rulers of Bhutan|King]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Bhutan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers (Bhutan)|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of Bhutan|Parliament]]
|1952
|-
|[[Bolivia]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Bolivia|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Bolivia|Cabinet]]
|[[Plurinational Legislative Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Bolivia|2009]]
|-
|[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
|[[Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Presidency]]
|[[Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Chairman of the Council of Ministers]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Parliamentary Assembly]]
|1996
|-
|[[Botswana]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of state of Botswana|President]]
|[[Politics of Botswana#Current Cabinet|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Botswana|Parliament]]
|1966
|-
|[[Brazil]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Brazil|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Brazil|Cabinet]]
|[[National Congress of Brazil|National Congress]]
|1988
|-
|[[Brunei]]
|[[Sultan of Brunei|Sultan]]
|[[Prime Minister of Brunei|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Brunei|Cabinet]]
|[[Legislative Council of Brunei|Legislative Council]]
|1991
|-
|[[Bulgaria]]
|[[List of Presidents of Bulgaria|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Bulgaria|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of Bulgaria|National Assembly]]
|1991
|-
|[[Burkina Faso]]
|[[List of heads of state of Burkina Faso|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Burkina Faso|Prime Minister]]
|[[Politics of Burkina Faso#Executive branch|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Burkina Faso|National Assembly]]
|1992
|-
|[[Burundi]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[Rulers and heads of state of Burundi|President]]
|[[Council of Ministers (Burundi)|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of Burundi|Parliament]]
|1998
|-
|[[Cambodia]]
|[[King of Cambodia|King]]
|[[Prime Minister of Cambodia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Cambodia|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Cambodia|Parliament]]
|1993
|-
|[[Cameroon]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[Heads of state of Cameroon|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Cameroon|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Cameroon|National Assembly]]
|1992
|-
|[[Canada]]
|[[Monarchy of Canada|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Canada|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Canada|Parliament]]
|1867
|-
|[[Cape Verde]]
|[[List of heads of state of Cape Verde|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Cape Verde|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Cape Verde|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Cape Verde|National Assembly]]
|1992
|-
|[[Central African Republic]]
|[[List of heads of state of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire|Prime Minister]]
|[[Central African Republic Council of Ministers|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of the Central African Republic|National Assembly]]
|2003
|-
|[[Chad]]
|[[Heads of state of Chad|President]]
|[[Heads of government of Chad|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Chad|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Chad|National Assembly]]
|1996
|-
|[[Chile]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of presidents of Chile|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Chile|Cabinet]]
|[[National Congress of Chile|National Congress]]
|1980
|-
|[[China]]
|[[President of China|President]]<ref group="note" name="CHNheadofgov">The [[President of the People's Republic of China|President of China]] is legally a [[figurehead|ceremonial office]] and head of state, but the [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party]] (''de facto'' [[paramount leader|leader]]) has always held this office since 1993 except for the months of [[Succession of power in the People's Republic of China|transition]], making the officeholder the most powerful political figure.</ref>
|[[Premier of China|Premier]]
|[[State Council of the People's Republic of China|State Council]]
|[[National People's Congress]]
|[[Constitution of the People's Republic of China|1982]]
|-
|[[Colombia]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Colombia|President]]
|[[Council of Ministers of the Republic of Colombia|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Congress of Colombia|Congress]]
|1991
|-
|[[Comoros]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of state of the Comoros|President]]
|[[Government of Comoros|Government]]
|[[Assembly of the Union of the Comoros|Assembly of the Union]]
|2002
|-
|[[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo, Democratic Republic of]]
|[[President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Government]]
|[[Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Parliament]]
|2006
|-
|[[Republic of the Congo|Congo, Republic of]]
|[[Heads of state of the Republic of the Congo|President]]
|[[Heads of government of the Republic of the Congo|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of the Republic of the Congo|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of the Republic of the Congo|Parliament]]
|2002
|-
|[[Costa Rica]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Costa Rica|President]]
|[[Government of Costa Rica|Government]]
|[[Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica|Legislative Assembly]]
|1949
|-
|[[Côte d'Ivoire]]
|[[Heads of state of Côte d'Ivoire|President]]
|[[Heads of government of Côte d'Ivoire|Prime Minister]]
|[[Politics of Côte d'Ivoire|Government]]
|[[National Assembly of Côte d'Ivoire|National Assembly]]
|2000
|-
|[[Croatia]]
|[[President of Croatia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Croatia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Croatian Government|Government]]
|[[Croatian Parliament|Parliament]]
|1990
|-
|[[Cuba]]
|[[President of Cuba|President]]{{NoteTag|As a one-party ruling communist state, [[First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba]] holds higher authority over the President, serving as the ''de facto'' leader of Cuba.}}
|[[Prime Minister of Cuba|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Cuba|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of People's Power]]
|[[Constitution of Cuba|2019]]
|-
|[[Cyprus]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Cyprus|President]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Cyprus|Council of Ministers]]
|[[House of Representatives of Cyprus|House of Representatives]]
|1960
|-
|[[Czech Republic]]
|[[President of the Czech Republic|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of the Czech Republic|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of the Czech Republic|Parliament]]
|1992
|-
|[[Denmark]]
|[[List of Danish monarchs|Monarch]]
|[[Prime Minister of Denmark|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Denmark|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Denmark]]
|1848<ref name="stm history">{{cite web|url=http://www.stm.dk/Index/mainstart.asp/_p_12535.html|title=Statsministeriet - History|accessdate=1 September 2012|website=Statsministeriet}}</ref>
|-
|[[Djibouti]]
|[[List of heads of state of Djibouti|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Djibouti|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Djibouti|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of Djibouti|National Assembly]]
|1992
|-
|[[Dominica]]
|[[List of Presidents of Dominica|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Dominica|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Dominica|Cabinet]]
|[[House of Assembly of Dominica|House of Assembly]]
|1978
|-
|[[Dominican Republic]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of the Dominican Republic|President]]
|[[Cabinet of the Dominican Republic|Cabinet]]
|[[Congress of the Dominican Republic|Congress]]
|1994
|-
|[[Ecuador]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of state of Ecuador|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Ecuador|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly (Ecuador)|National Assembly]]
|2008
|-
|[[Egypt]]
|[[President of Egypt|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Egypt|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Egypt|Government]]
|[[Parliament of Egypt|Parliament]]
|1953
|-
|[[El Salvador]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of El Salvador|President]]
|[[Cabinet of El Salvador|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador|Legislative Assembly]]
|1983
|-
|[[Equatorial Guinea]]
|[[List of heads of state of Equatorial Guinea|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Equatorial Guinea|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Equatorial Guinea|Cabinet]]
|[[Chamber of People's Representatives]]
|1987
|-
|[[Eritrea]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of state of Eritrea|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Ministers of Eritrea|Cabinet of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of Eritrea|National Assembly]]
|1993
|-
|[[Estonia]]
|[[President of Estonia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Estonia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of the Republic of Estonia|Cabinet]]
|[[Riigikogu]]
|1992, <br> (1938)
|-
|[[Eswatini]]
|[[List of kings of Eswatini|King]]
|[[List of heads of government of Eswatini|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Eswatini|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Eswatini|Parliament]]
|2005
|-
|[[Ethiopia]]
|[[Rulers and heads of state of Ethiopia|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Ethiopia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers (Ethiopia)|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Federal Parliamentary Assembly]]
|1995
|-
|[[Fiji]]
|[[President of Fiji|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Fiji|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Fiji|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Fiji|Parliament]]
|2014
|-
|[[Finland]]
|[[President of Finland|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Finland|Prime Minister]]
|[[Finnish Council of State|Council of State]]
|[[Parliament of Finland|Parliament]]
|1919
|-
|[[France]]
|[[President of France|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of France|Prime Minister]]
|[[French government ministers|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of France|Parliament]]
|1958
|-
|[[Gabon]]
|[[President of Gabon|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Gabon|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Gabon|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Gabon|National Assembly]]
|1964
|-
|[[The Gambia|Gambia, The]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of state of The Gambia|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Ministers of Gambia|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of the Gambia|National Assembly]]
|1996
|-
|[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]
|[[President of Georgia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Georgia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Georgia]]
|[[Parliament of Georgia|Parliament]]
|1995
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Germany]]
| rowspan="2"|[[President of Germany|President]]
| rowspan="2"|[[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]]
| rowspan="2"|[[Cabinet of Germany|Cabinet]]
|[[Bundestag]]
| rowspan="2"|1949
|-
|[[Bundesrat of Germany|Bundesrat]]
|-
|[[Ghana]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of state of Ghana|President]]
|[[Ministers of the Ghanaian Government|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of Ghana|Parliament]]
|1992
|-
|[[Greece]]
|[[President of Greece|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Greece|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Greece|Cabinet]]
|[[Hellenic Parliament|Parliament]]
|[[Constitutional history of Greece#The Third Hellenic Republic|1974]]
|-
|[[Grenada]]
|[[Commonwealth realm|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Grenada|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Grenada|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Grenada|Parliament]]
|1974
|-
|[[Guatemala]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Guatemala|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Guatemala|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Congress of Guatemala|Congress]]
|1985
|-
|[[Guinea]]
|[[List of heads of state of Guinea|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Guinea|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Guinea|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Guinea|National Assembly]]
|1991
|-
|[[Guinea-Bissau]]
|[[List of heads of state of Guinea-Bissau|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Guinea-Bissau|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Guinea-Bissau|Cabinet]]
|[[National People's Assembly of Guinea-Bissau|National People's Assembly]]
|1984
|-
|[[Guyana]]
|[[President of Guyana|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Guyana|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Guyana|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Guyana|National Assembly]]
|1970
|-
|[[Haiti]]
|[[President of Haiti|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Haiti|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Haiti|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Haiti|National Assembly]]
|1987
|-
|[[Honduras]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Honduras|President]]
|[[Executive branch of the government of Honduras|Council of Secretaries of State]]
|[[National Congress of Honduras|National Congress]]
|1982
|-
|[[Hungary]]
|[[List of heads of state of Hungary|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Hungary|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Hungary|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Hungary|National Assembly]]
|1990
|-
|[[Iceland]]
|[[President of Iceland|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Iceland|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Iceland|Cabinet]]
|[[Althing]]
|1944
|-
|[[India]]
|[[President of India|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
|[[Union Council of Ministers|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of India|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of India|1950]]
|-
|[[Indonesia]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Indonesia|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Indonesia|Cabinet]]
|[[People's Consultative Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Indonesia|1945]]
|-
|[[Iran]]
||[[Supreme Leader of Iran|Supreme Leader]]
||[[President of Iran|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Iran|Cabinet]]
|[[Islamic Consultative Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran|1979]]
|-
|[[Iraq]]
|[[President of Iraq|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Iraq|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]
|2005
|-
|[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
|[[President of Ireland|President]]
|[[Taoiseach]]
|[[Government of Ireland|Cabinet]]
|[[Oireachtas]]
|[[Constitution of Ireland|1937]]
|-
|[[Israel]]
|[[President of Israel|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Israel|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Israel|Cabinet]]
|[[Knesset]]
|1948
|-
|[[Italy]]
|[[List of Presidents of the Italian Republic|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Italy|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of Italy|Parliament]]
|1948
|-
|[[Jamaica]]
|[[Monarchy of Jamaica|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[Prime Minister of Jamaica|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Jamaica|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Jamaica|Parliament]]
|1962
|-
|[[Japan]]
|[[Emperor of Japan|Emperor]]
|[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Japan|Cabinet]]
|[[National Diet|Diet]]
|[[Constitution of Japan|1890]]
|-
|[[Jordan]]
|[[List of kings of Jordan|King]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Jordan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Jordan|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Jordan|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Jordan|1952]]
|-
|[[Kazakhstan]]
|[[List of Presidents of Kazakhstan|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Kazakhstan|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of Kazakhstan|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Kazakhstan|1995]]
|-
|[[Kenya]]
|[[List of heads of state of Kenya|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Kenya|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Kenya|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Kenya|National Assembly]]
|1969
|-
|[[Kiribati]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Kiribati|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Kiribati|Cabinet]]
|[[House of Assembly of Kiribati|House of Assembly]]
|1979
|-
|[[Kuwait]]
|[[List of emirs of Kuwait|Emir]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Kuwait|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Kuwait|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Kuwait|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Kuwait|1962]]
|-
|[[Kyrgyzstan]]
|[[President of Kyrgyzstan|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Kyrgyzstan|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan|Supreme Council]]
|[[Constitution of Kyrgyzstan|2010]]
|-
|[[Laos]]
|[[President of Laos|President]]{{NoteTag|As a one-party ruling communist state, [[General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party]] holds higher authority over the President, serving as the ''de facto'' leader of Laos.}}
|[[Prime Minister of Laos|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Laos|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Laos|National Assembly]]
|1991
|-
|[[Latvia]]
|[[List of Presidents of Latvia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Latvia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Latvia|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Saeima]]
|[[Constitution of Latvia|1993]]
|-
|[[Lebanon]]
|[[List of Presidents of Lebanon|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon|President of the Council of Ministers]]
|[[Cabinet of Lebanon|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Lebanon|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Lebanon|1926]]
|-
|[[Lesotho]]
|[[List of kings of Lesotho|King]]
|[[List of heads of government of Lesotho|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Lesotho|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Lesotho|Parliament]]
|1966
|-
|[[Liberia]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Liberia|President]]
|[[Ministers of the Liberian Government|Cabinet of Ministers]]
|[[Legislature of Liberia|Legislature]]
|1986
|-
|[[Libya]]
|[[List of heads of state of Libya|Chairman of the Presidential Council]]
|[[Prime Minister of Libya|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Libya|Cabinet]]
|[[House of Representatives (Libya)|House of Representatives]]
|[[Libyan interim Constitutional Declaration|2011]]
|-
|[[Liechtenstein]]
|[[List of princes of Liechtenstein|Reigning Prince]]
|[[List of Liechtenstein Heads of Government|Head of Government]]
|[[Cabinet of Liechtenstein|Government]]
|[[Landtag of Liechtenstein|Landtag]]
|[[Constitution of Liechtenstein|1921]]
|-
|[[Lithuania]]
|[[List of rulers of Lithuania|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Lithuania|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Lithuania|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Seimas]]
|[[Constitution of Lithuania|1992]]
|-
|[[Luxembourg]]
|[[Grand Duke of Luxembourg|Grand Duke]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Luxembourg|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Luxembourg|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Chamber of Deputies of Luxembourg|Chamber of Deputies]]
|[[Constitution of Luxembourg|1842]]
|-
|[[Madagascar]]
|[[List of heads of state of Madagascar|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Madagascar|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Madagascar|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Madagascar|Parliament]]
|1992
|-
|[[Malawi]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of state of Malawi|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Malawi|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Malawi|National Assembly]]
|1994
|-
|[[Malaysia]]
|[[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]]
|[[Prime Minister of Malaysia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Malaysia|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Malaysia|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Malaysia|1957]]
|-
|[[Maldives]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of the Maldives|President]]
|[[Cabinet of the Maldives|Cabinet]]
|[[Majlis of the Maldives|Majlis]]
|[[Constitution of the Maldives|1932]]
|-
|[[Mali]]
|[[List of heads of state of Mali|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Mali|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Mali|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Mali|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Mali|1992]]
|-
|[[Malta]]
|[[President of Malta|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Malta|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Malta|Cabinet]]
|[[House of Representatives of Malta|House of Representatives]]
|[[Constitution of Malta|1964]]
|-
|[[Marshall Islands]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of the Marshall Islands|President]]
|[[Cabinet of the Marshall Islands|Cabinet]]
|[[Legislature of the Marshall Islands|Legislature]]
|1979
|-
|[[Mauritania]]
|[[List of heads of state of Mauritania|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Mauritania|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Mauritania|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Mauritania|Parliament]]
|1991
|-
|[[Mauritius]]
|[[List of Presidents of Mauritius|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Mauritius|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Mauritius|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Mauritius|National Assembly]]
|1968
|-
|[[Mexico]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Mexico|President]]
|[[Mexican Executive Cabinet|Cabinet]]
|[[Congress of Mexico|Congress]]
|[[Constitution of Mexico|1917]]
|-
|[[Federated States of Micronesia|Micronesia, Federated States of]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of the Federated States of Micronesia|President]]
|[[Cabinet of the Federated States of Micronesia|Cabinet]]
|[[Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia|Congress]]
|1979
|-
|[[Moldova]]
|[[President of Moldova|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Moldova|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Moldova|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of the Republic of Moldova|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Moldova (1994)|1994]]
|-
|[[Monaco]]
|[[Prince of Monaco|Sovereign Prince]]
|[[Minister of State (Monaco)|Minister of State]]
|[[Council of Government (Monaco)|Council of Government]]
|[[National Council of Monaco|National Council]]
|[[Constitution of Monaco|1911]]
|-
|[[Mongolia]]
|[[President of Mongolia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Mongolia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Mongolia|Cabinet]]
|[[State Great Khural]]
|[[Constitution of Mongolia|1992]]
|-
|[[Montenegro]]
|[[President of Montenegro|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Montenegro|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Montenegro|Government]]
|[[Parliament of Montenegro|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Montenegro|2007]]
|-
|[[Morocco]]
|[[List of rulers of Morocco|King]]
|[[Prime Minister of Morocco|Head of Government]]
|[[Cabinet of Morocco|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Morocco|Parliament]]
|1996
|-
|[[Mozambique]]
|[[List of heads of state of Mozambique|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Mozambique|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Mozambique|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Assembly of the Republic of Mozambique|Assembly]]
|1990
|-
|[[Myanmar]]
|colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Burma|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Burma|Cabinet]]
|[[Pyidaungsu Hluttaw|Assembly of the Union]]
|2011
|-
|[[Namibia]]
|[[List of Presidents of Namibia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Namibia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Namibia|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Namibia|Parliament]]
|1990
|-
|[[Nauru]]
| colspan="2" align="center" | [[President of Nauru|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Nauru|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Nauru|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Nauru|1968]]
|-
|[[Nepal]]
|[[President of Nepal|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Nepal|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Nepal|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Federal Parliament of Nepal|Federal Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Nepal|2015]]
|-
|[[Netherlands]]
|[[Monarchy of the Netherlands|Monarch]]
|[[Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of the Netherlands|Cabinet]]
|[[States General of the Netherlands|States General]]
|[[Constitution of the Netherlands|1983]]
|-
|[[New Zealand]]
|[[Monarchy of New Zealand|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[Prime Minister of New Zealand|Prime Minister]]
|[[New Zealand Cabinet|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of New Zealand|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution Act 1986|1986]]
|-
|[[Nicaragua]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Nicaragua|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Nicaragua|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of Nicaragua|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Nicaragua|1987]]
|-
|[[Niger]]
|[[List of heads of state of Niger|President]]
|[[List of prime ministers of Niger|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Niger|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly (Niger)|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Niger|2010]]
|-
|[[Nigeria]]
| colspan="2" |[[President of Nigeria|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Nigeria|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly (Nigeria)|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Nigeria|1999]]
|-
|[[North Korea]]
|[[President of the State Affairs Commission|President of State Affairs]]{{NoteTag|Kim Jong-un, as President of the State Affairs Commission is considered North Korea's "highest administrative authority". However, [[Choe Ryong-hae]], as [[Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly]] does many of the duties of a head of state. Deceased former North Korean rulers [[Kim Il Sung]] and [[Kim Jong Il]] are listed as the [[eternal leaders of Juche Korea]].}}
|[[Premier of North Korea|Premier]]
|[[Cabinet of North Korea|Cabinet]]
|[[Supreme People's Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of North Korea|1998]]
|-
|[[North Macedonia]]
|[[President of the Republic of North Macedonia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of the Republic of North Macedonia|President of the Government]]
|[[Government of the Republic of North Macedonia|Government]]
|[[Assembly of the Republic of North Macedonia|Assembly]]
|1991
|-
|[[Norway]]
|[[Norwegian monarchy|Monarch]]
|[[List of heads of government of Norway|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of State (Norway)|Council of State]]
|[[Parliament of Norway|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Norway|1814]]
|-
|[[Oman]]
|[[Sultan of Oman|Sultan]]
|[[Prime Minister of Oman|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Oman|Cabinet]]
|[[Consultative Assembly of Oman|Consultative Assembly]]
|1971
|-
|[[Pakistan]]
|[[President of Pakistan|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Pakistan|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Pakistan|Parliament]]
|2002
|-
|[[Palau]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Palau|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Palau|Cabinet]]
|[[Palau National Congress|National Congress]]
|1994
|-
|[[Palestine]]
|[[President of the Palestinian National Authority|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority|Prime Minister]]
|[[Palestinian government|Cabinet]]
|[[Palestinian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]
|1994
|-
|[[Panama]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Heads of State of Panama|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Panama|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Panama|National Assembly]]
|1972
|-
|[[Papua New Guinea]]
|[[Monarchy of Papua New Guinea|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Papua New Guinea|Cabinet]]
|[[National Parliament of Papua New Guinea|National Parliament]]
|1975
|-
|[[Paraguay]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Paraguay|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Paraguay|Cabinet]]
|[[Congress of Paraguay|Congress]]
|1992
|-
|[[Peru]]
|[[Presidents of Peru|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Peru|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Peru|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Congress of Peru|Congress of the Republic]]
|[[Constitution of Peru|1993]]
|-
|[[Philippines]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of the Philippines|President]]
|[[Cabinet of the Philippines|Cabinet]]
|[[Congress of the Philippines|Congress]]
|[[Constitution of the Philippines|1987]]
|-
|[[Poland]]
|[[President of the Republic of Poland|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of the Republic of Poland|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of the Republic of Poland|1997]]
|-
|[[Portugal]]
|[[President of Portugal|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Portugal|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers (Portugal)|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)|Assembly of the Republic]]
|[[Constitution of Portugal|1976]]
|-
|[[Qatar]]
|[[Emir of Qatar|Emir]]
|[[Prime Minister of Qatar|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Qatar|Cabinet]]
|[[Consultative Assembly of Qatar|Consultative Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Qatar|2004]]
|-
|[[Romania]]
|[[President of Romania|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Romania|Prime Minister]]
|[[Romanian Cabinet|Cabinet]]
|[[Senate of Romania|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Romania|1991]]
|-
|[[Russia]]
|[[President of Russia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Russia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Russia|Government]]
|[[Federal Assembly of Russia|Federal Assembly]]
|1993
|-
|[[Rwanda]]
|[[List of Presidents of Rwanda|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Rwanda|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Rwanda|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Rwanda|Parliament]]
|2003
|-
|[[Saint Kitts and Nevis]]
|[[Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis|Prime Minister]]
|[[Drew ministry (Saint Kitts and Nevis)|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Saint Kitts and Nevis|National Assembly]]
|1983
|-
|[[Saint Lucia]]
|[[Monarchy of Saint Lucia|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Saint Lucia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Saint Lucia|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Saint Lucia|Parliament]]
|1979
|-
|[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]
|[[Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Cabinet]]
|[[House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|House of Assembly]]
|1979
|-
|[[Samoa]]
|[[O le Ao o le Malo]]
|[[Prime Minister of Samoa|Prime Minister]]
|[[Samoan Cabinet|Cabinet]]
|[[Legislative Assembly of Samoa|Legislative Assembly]]
|1962
|-
|[[San Marino]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[Captains Regent]]
|[[Congress of State]]
|[[Grand and General Council]]
|[[Constitution of San Marino|1974]]{{NoteTag|The Declaration of Citizen Rights enshrined the modern rights of Sammarinese citizens and is the current basis of the nation's judiciary system}}
|-
|[[São Tomé and Príncipe]]
|[[List of heads of state of São Tomé and Príncipe|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of São Tomé and Príncipe|Prime Minister]]
|[[Ministers of the São Toméan Government|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of São Tomé and Príncipe|National Assembly]]
|1980
|-
|[[Saudi Arabia]]
|[[List of kings of Saudi Arabia|King]]
|[[Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia|Consultative Assembly]]
|1992
|-
|[[Senegal]]
|[[List of Presidents of Senegal|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Senegal|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Senegal|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Senegal|Parliament]]
|2001
|-
|[[Serbia]]
|[[President of Serbia|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Serbia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Serbia|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Serbia|National Assembly]]
|2006
|-
|[[Seychelles]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Seychelles|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Seychelles|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Seychelles|National Assembly]]
|1976
|-
|[[Sierra Leone]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of heads of government of Sierra Leone|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Sierra Leone|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Sierra Leone|Parliament]]
|1991
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|[[President of Singapore|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Singapore|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Singapore|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Singapore|Parliament]]
|1965
|-
|[[Slovakia]]
|[[List of Presidents of Slovakia|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Slovakia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Slovakia|Cabinet]]
|[[National Council of the Slovak Republic|National Council]]
|1992
|-
|[[Slovenia]]
|[[President of Slovenia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Slovenia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Slovenia|Cabinet]]
|[[Slovenian Parliament|Parliament]]
|1991
|-
|[[Solomon Islands]]
|[[Monarchy of the Solomon Islands|Monarch]]
|[[Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of the Solomon Islands|Cabinet]]
|[[National Parliament of the Solomon Islands|National Parliament]]
|1978
|-
|[[Somalia]]
|[[List of Presidents of Somalia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Somalia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Somali Council of Ministers|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Transitional Federal Parliament|Parliament]]
|[[Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic|2004]]
|-
|[[South Africa]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of South Africa|President]]
|[[Cabinet of South Africa|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of South Africa|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of South Africa|1996]]
|-
|[[South Korea]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |
[[President of South Korea|President]]
|[[State Council of South Korea|State Council]]
|[[National Assembly of South Korea|National Assembly]]
|[[Sixth Republic of South Korea|1987]]
|-
|[[South Sudan]]
|colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of South Sudan|President]]
|[[Cabinet of South Sudan|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of South Sudan|Parliament]]
|[[Republic of South Sudan|2011]]
|-
|[[Spain]]
|[[Spanish monarchy|King]]
|[[Prime Minister of Spain|President of the Government]]
|[[Council of Ministers (Spain)|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Cortes Generales]]
|[[Constitution of Spain|1978]]
|-
|[[Sri Lanka]]
|[[President of Sri Lanka|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Sri Lanka|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Sri Lanka|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Sri Lanka|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Sri Lanka|1978]]
|-
|[[Sudan]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Sudan|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Sudan|Cabinet]]
|[[National Legislature of Sudan|National Legislature]]
|[[October–November 2021 Sudanese coup d'état|2021]]
|-
|[[Suriname]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Suriname|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Suriname|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Suriname|National Assembly]]
|1987
|-
|[[Sweden]]
|[[Monarchy of Sweden|Monarch]]
|[[Prime Minister of Sweden|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Sweden|Government]]
|[[Riksdag]]
|[[Basic Laws of Sweden|1974]]
|-
|[[Switzerland]]
| colspan="3" align="center" |[[Swiss Federal Council|Federal Council]]
|[[Federal Assembly of Switzerland|Federal Assembly]]
|[[Swiss Federal Constitution|1848 or 1874]]
|-
|[[Syria]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Syria|President]]
|[[Council of Ministers (Syria)|Council of Ministers]]
|[[People's Assembly of Syria|People's Assembly]]
|[[2025 Interim Constitution of Syria|2025]]
|-
|[[Tajikistan]]
|[[President of Tajikistan|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Tajikistan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Tajikistan|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Supreme Assembly of Tajikistan|Supreme Assembly]]
|1994
|-
|[[Tanzania]]
|[[President of Tanzania|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Tanzania|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Tanzania|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Tanzania|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Tanzania|1977]]
|-
|[[Thailand]]
|[[List of monarchs of Thailand|Monarch]]
| [[Prime Minister of Thailand|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Thailand|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Thailand|National Assembly]]
|2019
|-
|[[Timor-Leste]]
|[[President of Timor-Leste|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Timor-Leste|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of State of Timor-Leste|Council of State]]
|[[National Parliament of Timor-Leste|National Parliament]]
|2002
|-
|[[Togo]]
|[[List of Presidents of Togo|President]]
|[[List of heads of government of Togo|Prime Minister]]
|[[Togo Council of Ministers|Council of Ministers]]
|[[National Assembly of Togo|National Assembly]]
|1992
|-
|[[Tonga]]
|[[House of Tupou|Monarch]]
|[[Prime Minister of Tonga|Prime Minister]]
|[[Tongan Cabinet|Cabinet]]
|[[Legislative Assembly of Tonga|Legislative Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Tonga|1875]]
|-
|[[Trinidad and Tobago]]
|[[President of Trinidad and Tobago|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Trinidad and Tobago|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago|Parliament]]
|1976
|-
|[[Tunisia]]
|[[President of Tunisia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Tunisia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Tunisia|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Tunisia|Parliament]]
|[[Tunisian Constitution of 2014|2014]]
|-
|[[Turkey]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Turkey|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Turkey|Cabinet]]
|[[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Grand National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Turkey|1982]]
|-
|[[Turkmenistan]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Turkmenistan|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Turkmenistan|Cabinet]]
|[[Assembly of Turkmenistan|Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Turkmenistan|1992]]
|-
|[[Tuvalu]]
|[[Monarchy of Tuvalu|Monarch]]<ref name="commonwealth"/>
|[[Prime Minister of Tuvalu|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Tuvalu|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Tuvalu|Parliament]]
|1978
|-
|[[Uganda]]
|[[President of Uganda|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Uganda|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Uganda|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Uganda|Parliament]]
|1995
|-
|[[Ukraine]]
|[[President of Ukraine|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Ukraine|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine|Cabinet of Ministers]]
|[[Verkhovna Rada]]
|[[Constitution of Ukraine|1996]]
|-
|[[United Arab Emirates]]
|[[President of the United Arab Emirates|President]]
|[[List of Prime Ministers of the United Arab Emirates|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of the United Arab Emirates|Cabinet]]
|[[Federal National Council]]
|[[Constitution of the United Arab Emirates|1971]]
|-
|[[United Kingdom]]
|[[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|Monarch]]
|[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]]
|1721<ref>{{cite book |title=Biographical Dictionary of British Prime Ministers |page=10 |year=2002 |publisher=Routledge |editor1-first=Robert |editor1-last=Eccleshall |editor2-first=Graham |editor2-last=Walker |first=Stephen |last=Taylor |chapter=Robert Walpole}}</ref>
|-
|[[United States]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of the United States|President]]
|[[United States Cabinet|Cabinet]]
|[[United States Congress|Congress]]
|[[Constitution of the United States|1789]]
|-
|[[Uruguay]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Uruguay|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Uruguay|Council of Ministers]]
|[[General Assembly of Uruguay|General Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Uruguay|1967]]
|-
|[[Uzbekistan]]
|[[President of Uzbekistan|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Uzbekistan|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Uzbekistan|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Supreme Assembly of Uzbekistan|Supreme Assembly]]
|[[Politics of Uzbekistan#1992 constitution|1992]]
|-
|[[Vanuatu]]
|[[President of Vanuatu|President]]
|[[Prime minister of Vanuatu|Prime Minister]]
|[[Council of Ministers of Vanuatu|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Parliament of Vanuatu|Parliament]]
|1980
|-
|[[Vatican City]]/[[Holy See]]
|[[List of sovereigns of Vatican City State|Sovereign]]
|[[President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State|President of the Governorate]]
|[[Governorate of Vatican City State|Governorate]]
|[[Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State|Pontifical Commission]]
|[[Lateran Treaty|1929]]
|-
|[[Venezuela]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Venezuela|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Hugo Chávez|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Venezuela|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Venezuela|1999]]
|-
|[[Vietnam]]
|[[President of Vietnam|President]]{{NoteTag|As a one-party ruling communist state, [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam]] holds higher authority over the President, serving as the ''de facto'' leader of Vietnam.}}
|[[Prime Minister of Vietnam|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Vietnam|Government]]
|[[National Assembly of Vietnam|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|1992]]
|-
|[[Yemen]]
|[[List of Presidents of Yemen|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Yemen|Prime Minister]]
|[[Cabinet of Yemen|Council of Ministers]]
|[[Assembly of Representatives of Yemen|Assembly of Representatives]]
|[[Constitution of Yemen|1991]]
|-
|[[Zambia]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Zambia|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Zambia|Cabinet]]
|[[National Assembly of Zambia|National Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Zambia|1991]]
|-
|[[Zimbabwe]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[List of Presidents of Zimbabwe|President]]
|[[Cabinet of Zimbabwe|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of Zimbabwe|Parliament]]
|[[Constitution of Zimbabwe|2013]]
|}
==Other states==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country !! Head of State !! Head of Government !! Cabinet !! Legislature !! Date of Origin
|-
|[[Abkhazia]]
|[[President of Abkhazia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Abkhazia|Prime Minister]]
| [[Government of the Republic of Abkhazia|Government]]
|[[People's Assembly of Abkhazia|People's Assembly]]
|1994
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Republic of China]]<br/>{{small|(commonly called "Taiwan")}}
| rowspan="3" |[[President of the Republic of China|President]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Premier of the Republic of China|Premier]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Executive Yuan]]
|[[National Assembly (Republic of China)|National Assembly]]{{NoteTag|The National Assembly was de facto dissolved in 2005 with some functions transferred to the Legislative Yuan.}}
| rowspan="3" | 1947<br>{{small|(with [[Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China|constitutional amendments]] in 1991)}}
|-
|[[Legislative Yuan]]
|-
|[[Control Yuan]]{{NoteTag|Role changed to a non-parliamentary institution in 1993.}}
|-
|[[Cook Islands]]<ref name="NZ-Monarch">The [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]] are under the sovereignty of the [[Monarch of New Zealand]] as self-governing [[associated states|states in free association]] with [[New Zealand]]. New Zealand and its associated states, along with [[Tokelau]] and the [[Ross Dependency]], comprise the [[Realm of New Zealand]].</ref>
|[[Monarchy in the Cook Islands|Monarch]]
|[[Premier of the Cook Islands|Premier]]
|
|[[Parliament of the Cook Islands|Parliament]]
|1965
|-
|[[Republic of Kosovo|Kosovo]]
|[[President of Kosovo|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Kosovo|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Kosovo|Government]]
|[[Assembly of Kosovo|Assembly]]
|[[Constitution of Kosovo|2001]]
|-
|[[Niue]]<ref name="NZ-Monarch"/>
|[[List of Niuean monarchs|Monarch]]
|[[Premier of Niue|Premier]]
|
|[[Niue Assembly|Assembly]]
|1974
|-
|[[Northern Cyprus]]
|[[President of Northern Cyprus|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Northern Cyprus|Government]]
|[[Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)|Assembly of the Republic]]
|[[Constitution of Northern Cyprus|1985]]
|-
|[[Somaliland]]
| colspan="2" align="center" |[[President of Somaliland|President]]
|
|[[Parliament of Somaliland|Parliament]]
|1991
|-
|[[South Ossetia]]
|[[President of South Ossetia|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of South Ossetia|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of South Ossetia|Cabinet]]
|[[Parliament of South Ossetia|Parliament]]
|1991
|-
|[[Transnistria]]
|[[President of Transnistria|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of Transnistria|Prime Minister]]
|[[Government of Transnistria|Government]]
|[[Transnistrian Supreme Soviet|Supreme Soviet]]
|1991
|-
|[[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Western Sahara]]
|[[President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|President]]
|[[Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Prime Minister]]
|
|[[Sahrawi National Council|National Council]]
|[[Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|1976]]
|}
==See also==
*[[List of current heads of state and government]]
*[[List of current governments]]
*[[List of national legislatures]]
*[[List of national supreme courts]]
== Notes ==
{{NoteFoot}}
==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:
[[Category:Lists of national cabinets| ]]
| |||