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Re-adding pro-Trump descriptor. Not sure why this was removed as it’s not sourced to Wikipedia as suggested in prior edit summary. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit iOS app edit App full source |
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{{Short description|American conservative cable news channel}}
{{Other uses}}
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{{Infobox television channel
| name = Fox News Channel
| logo = Fox News Channel logo.svg
| logo_size = 170
| launch_date = {{Start date and age|1996|10|7}}<ref name="FoxCorporateInfo">{{cite web|title=Corporate Information|url=http://press.foxnews.com/|publisher=Fox News Network, LLC|website=Press.FoxNews.com|access-date=July 11, 2020|archive-date=December 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229143727/http://press.foxnews.com/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| owner = {{Ubl|[[News Corporation]] <br />(1996–2013)|[[21st Century Fox]] <br />(2013–2019)|[[Fox Corporation]] <br />(2019–present)}}
| parent = Fox News Media
| picture_format = [[720p]] ([[16:9]] [[HDTV]])<ref>{{cite web|url = https://hd-report.com/hd-channels/|title = HD Channels | HD Report|access-date = April 9, 2022|archive-date = January 20, 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220120123641/https://hd-report.com/hd-channels/|url-status = live}}</ref>
| country = United States
| language = [[English language|English]]
| area = {{Ublist|United States|Canada}}
| headquarters = {{Plainlist|
* [[1211 Avenue of the Americas]]
* [[New York City]], New York 10036
}}
| sister_channels = {{Plain list|
* [[Fox Business Network]]
* [[Fox Weather]]
* [[Fox Broadcasting Company]]
* [[LiveNOW from Fox]]
}}
| website = {{official URL}}
| online_serv_1 = Affiliated Streaming Service(s)
| online_chan_1 = [[Fox One]]
| online_serv_2 = Online stream
| online_chan_2 = [https://www.foxnews.com/go Fox News Go] (pay-TV subscribers only)
| online_serv_3 = Service(s)
| online_chan_3 = [[DirecTV Stream]], Fox One, [[Hulu + Live TV]], [[Sling TV]], [[YouTube TV]]
}}
The '''Fox News Channel''' ('''FNC'''), commonly known as '''Fox News''', is an American [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]] [[List of news television channels|news]] and [[political commentary]] [[Television station|television channel]] and [[website]] based in [[New York City]], U.S.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nie|first1=Norman H.|last2=Miller|first2=Darwin W. III|last3=Golde|first3=Saar|author4-link=Daniel M. Butler|last4=Butler|first4=Daniel M.|last5=Winneg|first5=Kenneth|year=2010|title=The World Wide Web and the U.S. Political News Market|journal=American Journal of Political Science|volume=54|issue=2|pages=428–439|doi=10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00439.x|issn=1540-5907}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Meyers|first1=Christopher|date=July 2, 2020|title=Partisan News, the Myth of Objectivity, and the Standards of Responsible Journalism|journal=Journal of Media Ethics|volume=35|issue=3|pages=180–194|doi=10.1080/23736992.2020.1780131|issn=2373-6992|s2cid=221538960}}</ref> It is owned by '''Fox News Media''', which itself is owned by [[Fox Corporation]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Media Relations|publisher=Fox News|url=http://press.foxnews.com/|access-date=October 1, 2020|archive-date=December 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229143727/http://press.foxnews.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> It is the most-watched cable news network in the U.S.,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Joyella |first=Mark |title=Fox News Hits 23rd Consecutive Month As Most-Watched In Cable News As CNN Sees Gains In January |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2023/02/01/fox-news-hits-23rd-consecutive-month-as-most-watched-in-cable-news-as-cnn-sees-gains-in-january/ |access-date=March 11, 2023 |website=Forbes |language=en |archive-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311022323/https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2023/02/01/fox-news-hits-23rd-consecutive-month-as-most-watched-in-cable-news-as-cnn-sees-gains-in-january/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fox News Channel had largest cable TV audience for 7th-straight year in 2022 |url=https://www.foxnews.com/media/fox-news-channel-largest-cable-tv-audience-7th-straight-year-2022 |access-date=March 11, 2023 |website=Fox News |archive-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311022320/https://www.foxnews.com/media/fox-news-channel-largest-cable-tv-audience-7th-straight-year-2022.amp |url-status=live }}</ref> and as of 2023 it generates approximately 70% of its parent company's pre-tax profit.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Ellison |first1=Sarah |last2=Barr |first2=Jeremy |date=May 3, 2023 |title=For the Murdochs, Tucker Carlson became more trouble than he was worth |language=en-US |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2023/04/26/tucker-carlson-rupert-murdoch-fired/ |access-date=December 31, 2023 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=May 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502203327/https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2023/04/26/tucker-carlson-rupert-murdoch-fired/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The channel broadcasts primarily from studios at [[1211 Avenue of the Americas]] in [[Midtown Manhattan]]. Fox News provides service to 86 countries and territories,<ref>{{cite news |date=March 1, 2011 |title=Where in the World is FOX? |publisher=Fox News |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/where-in-the-world-is-fox |access-date=February 6, 2019 |archive-date=February 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190206204007/https://www.foxnews.com/story/where-in-the-world-is-fox |url-status=live }}</ref> with international broadcasts featuring Fox Extra segments during advertising breaks.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fox plans to run sponsored stories during ad breaks this fall|url=https://www.fiercevideo.com/video/fox-plans-to-swap-sponsored-stories-during-ad-breaks-fall|access-date=September 28, 2020|website=FierceVideo|date=June 18, 2018|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021001848/https://www.fiercevideo.com/video/fox-plans-to-swap-sponsored-stories-during-ad-breaks-fall}}</ref>
The channel was created by Australian-born American media mogul [[Rupert Murdoch]] in 1996 to appeal to a conservative audience, hiring former [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] media consultant and [[CNBC]] executive [[Roger Ailes]] as its founding CEO.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mifflin |first=Lawrie |date=October 7, 1996 |title=At the new Fox News Channel, the buzzword is fairness, separating news from bias |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/07/business/at-the-new-fox-news-channel-the-buzzword-is-fairness-separating-news-from-bias.html |access-date=May 4, 2010 |archive-date=December 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211144208/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A00E4DE1F3FF934A35753C1A960958260&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FPeople%2FA%2FAiles%2C%20Roger%20E. |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Richwine |first1=Lisa |last2=Gibson |first2=Ginger |date=July 21, 2016 |title=Divisive Ailes gave conservatives a TV home at Fox News |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-twenty-first-fox-ailes-newsmaker-idUSKCN1012RM |access-date=October 17, 2019 |work=Reuters |archive-date=November 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107021609/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-twenty-first-fox-ailes-newsmaker-idUSKCN1012RM |url-status=live }}</ref> It launched on October 7, 1996, to 17-million cable [[subscribers]].<ref name=King/> Fox News grew during the late 1990s and 2000s to become the dominant [[United States cable news]] subscription network.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gillette |first=Felix |date=October 1, 2008 |title=Viewers Continuing to Flock to Cable News Networks |work=[[The New York Observer]] |url=http://observer.com/2008/10/viewers-continuing-to-flock-to-cable-news-networks/ |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=October 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028110939/https://observer.com/2008/10/viewers-continuing-to-flock-to-cable-news-networks/ |url-status=live }}</ref> By September 2018, 87-million U.S. households (91% of television subscribers) could receive Fox News.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bucholtz |first=Andrew |date=September 10, 2018 |title=Nielsen coverage estimates for September see gains at ESPN networks, NBCSN, and NBA TV, drops at MLBN and NFLN |publisher=Awful Announcing |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/espn/nielsen-coverage-estimates-september-espn-nbcsn-nbatv-mlbn-nfln.html |access-date=January 17, 2020 |archive-date=August 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819062124/https://awfulannouncing.com/espn/nielsen-coverage-estimates-september-espn-nbcsn-nbatv-mlbn-nfln.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, it was the top-rated cable network, averaging 2.5-million viewers in prime time.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joyella |first=Mark |date=December 11, 2019 |title=Fox News Ends 2019 With Biggest Prime Time Ratings Ever |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2019/12/11/fox-news-ends-2019-with-highest-rated-prime-time-ratings-ever/ |access-date=January 16, 2020 |archive-date=December 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207134455/https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2019/12/11/fox-news-ends-2019-with-highest-rated-prime-time-ratings-ever/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Andreeva |first1=Nellie |last2=Johnson |first2=Ted |date=December 27, 2019 |title=Cable Ratings 2019: Fox News Tops Total Viewers, ESPN Wins 18–49 Demo As Entertainment Networks Slide |work=Deadline Hollywood |url=https://deadline.com/2019/12/cable-ratings-2019-list-fox-news-total-viewers-espn-18-49-demo-1202817561/ |access-date=January 16, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114141444/https://deadline.com/2019/12/cable-ratings-2019-list-fox-news-total-viewers-espn-18-49-demo-1202817561/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Schneider |first=Michael |date=December 26, 2019 |title=Most-Watched Television Networks: Ranking 2019's Winners and Losers |work=Variety |url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/network-ratings-top-channels-fox-news-espn-cnn-cbs-nbc-abc-1203440870/ |access-date=January 16, 2020 |archive-date=January 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200106110035/https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/network-ratings-top-channels-fox-news-espn-cnn-cbs-nbc-abc-1203440870/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Murdoch, the executive chairman since 2016,<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://time.com/4413767/roger-ailes-fox-news-resigns-rupert-murdoch/ |title=Roger Ailes Resigns From Fox News Amid Sexual Harassment Accusations |first=Katie |last=Reilly |date=July 21, 2016 |magazine=Time |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=November 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201122075929/https://time.com/4413767/roger-ailes-fox-news-resigns-rupert-murdoch/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/jul/21/roger-ailes-leaves-fox-news-sexual-harassment-claims |title=Roger Ailes leaves Fox News in wake of sexual harassment claims |first=Molly |last=Redden |date=July 21, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=April 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428150607/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/jul/21/roger-ailes-leaves-fox-news-sexual-harassment-claims |url-status=live }}</ref> said in 2023 that he would step down and hand responsibilities to his son, [[Lachlan Murdoch|Lachlan]].<ref name="Darcy">{{Cite web|last=Darcy|first=Oliver|date=September 21, 2023|title=Rupert Murdoch steps down as Fox and News Corp. chairman|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/21/media/rupert-murdoch-steps-down-fox/index.html|access-date=September 21, 2023|website=CNN Business|language=en|archive-date=September 21, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921134725/https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/21/media/rupert-murdoch-steps-down-fox/index.html|url-status=live|quote=The channel, however, veered from its roots in conservative news as former President Donald Trump ascended to power in the Republican Party in 2015, becoming an unabashed home of right-wing propaganda aimed at propping up the scandal-ridden White House.}}</ref> [[Suzanne Scott]] has been the CEO since 2018.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Steinberg |first=Brian |date=May 17, 2018 |title=Suzanne Scott Named CEO of Fox News |url=https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/suzanne-scott-fox-news-1202813600/ |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |access-date=May 17, 2018 |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109042657/https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/suzanne-scott-fox-news-1202813600/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
It has been identified as engaging in [[Media bias|biased and false reporting]] in favor of the Republican Party, its politicians, and conservative causes,<ref name="Jamieson-2010">{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/echo-chamber-9780195398601 |title=Echo Chamber: Rush Limbaugh and the Conservative Media Establishment |last1=Jamieson |first1=Kathleen Hall |last2=Cappella |first2=Joseph N. |date=February 4, 2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19539-860-1 |___location=Oxford, New York |quote=We do this to illustrate the ways Fox News, Limbaugh, and the print and web editorial pages of the Wall Street Journal play both offense and defense in service of conservative objectives. As these case studies will suggest, the big three reinforce each other's conservative messages in ways that distinguish them from the other major broadcast media, CBS News, NBC News, ABC News, CNN, MSNBC, CNBC and major print outlets such as the Washington Post and New York Times. |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=June 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612104608/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/echo-chamber-9780195398601?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Skocpol-2016">{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-tea-party-and-the-remaking-of-republican-conservatism-9780190633660 |title=The Tea Party and the Remaking of Republican Conservatism |last1=Skocpol |first1=Theda |last2=Williamson |first2=Vanessa |date=September 1, 2016 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19063-366-0 |___location=Oxford, New York |pages=5, 8, 86, 123, 125, 130–140 |quote=... the challenge of spreading and germinating the Tea Party idea was surmounted with impressive ease because a major sector of the U.S. media today is openly partisan—including Fox News Channel, the right-wing 'blogosphere,' and a nationwide network of right-wing talk radio programs. This aptly named conservative media 'echo chamber' reaches into the homes of many Americans ... Towering above all others is the Fox News empire, the loudest voice in conservative media. Despite its claim to be "fair and balanced", multiple studies have documented FNC's conservative stance ... Fox News's conservative slant encourages a particular worldview. |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=May 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514034646/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-tea-party-and-the-remaking-of-republican-conservatism-9780190633660?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Kludt-2018"/> while portraying the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] in a negative light.<ref name="Grossman-2016">{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/asymmetric-politics-9780190626600 |title=Asymmetric Politics: Ideological Republicans and Group Interest Democrats |last1=Grossman |first1=Matt |last2=Hopkins |first2=David A. |date=October 13, 2016 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19062-660-0 |___location=Oxford, New York |page=175 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=May 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518134531/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/asymmetric-politics-9780190626600?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Bard 2017"/> Researchers have argued that the channel is damaging to the integrity of news overall,<ref name="Collings2010"/><ref name="McCollumHebert2014"/> and acts ''de facto'' as the broadcasting arm of the Republican Party.<ref name="Grossman-2016"/><ref name="Martin-2017"/><ref name="Clinton-2014"/><ref name="Schroeder-2015"/> The network is [[Donald Trump|pro-Trump]].<ref name="Kludt-2018"/><ref name="Schwartz-2017b"/><ref name="Benkler 10182018"/><ref name="Ferguson 2021"/><ref name="Robertson 08192025"/><ref name="Barr 08192025"/>
The channel has knowingly endorsed false conspiracy theories to promote Republican and conservative causes.<ref name="Folkenflick 2023">{{cite web | title=Rupert Murdoch says Fox stars 'endorsed' lies about 2020. He chose not to stop them | website=NPR | date=February 28, 2023 | url=https://www.npr.org/2023/02/28/1159819849/fox-news-dominion-voting-rupert-murdoch-2020-election-fraud | access-date=April 7, 2023 | archive-date=March 7, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307012105/https://www.npr.org/2023/02/28/1159819849/fox-news-dominion-voting-rupert-murdoch-2020-election-fraud | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Darcy 2024">{{cite web |last1=Darcy |first1=Oliver |last2=Kaczynski |first2=Andrew |date=January 30, 2024 |title=Right-wing media figures target Taylor Swift with absurd conspiracy theory ahead of the Super Bowl |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/30/media/taylor-swift-super-bowl-right-wing-conspiracy/index.html |access-date=February 3, 2024 |website=[[CNN Business]] |archive-date=February 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203031859/https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/30/media/taylor-swift-super-bowl-right-wing-conspiracy/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> These include, but are not limited to, false claims regarding [[Dominion Voting Systems v. Fox News Network|fraud with Dominion voting machines]] during their reporting on the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]],<ref name=787m/><ref name=crystal/> [[climate change denial]],{{Efn|name="Climate Denial"}} and [[Fox News controversies#Coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19 misinformation]].<ref name="Motta 2020"/><ref name="Darcy 2020"/><ref name="Rieger 2020"/> It has also been involved in [[Fox News controversies|multiple controversies]], including accusations of permitting [[sexual harassment]] and [[racial discrimination]] by on-air hosts, executives, and employees,<ref name="Guthrie 2017"/><ref name="Steel 2017"/><ref name="Ember 2017"/> ultimately paying out millions of dollars in legal settlements.<ref name="Chappell 2016"/>
==History==
{{Main|History of Fox News}}
In May 1985, Australian publisher Rupert Murdoch announced that he and American [[industrialist]] and philanthropist [[Marvin Davis]] intended to develop "a network of [[Independent station (North America)|independent stations]] as a fourth marketing force" to directly compete with [[CBS]], [[NBC]], and [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] through the purchase of six television stations owned by [[Metromedia]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=BG&p_theme=bg&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EADEAE8781FD7AD&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D |title=Murdoch, partner plan 4th network |last=Lenzner |first=Robert |date=May 5, 1985 |page=1 |newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]] |via=nl.newsbank |quote=The six stations cover many of the nation's major markets – New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Dallas, Houston and Washington. |access-date=June 10, 2008 |archive-date=October 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027191548/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=BG&p_theme=bg&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EADEAE8781FD7AD&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D |url-status=live }}</ref> In July 1985, [[20th Century Fox]] announced Murdoch had completed his purchase of 50% of [[Fox Entertainment Group|Fox Filmed Entertainment]], the parent company of 20th Century Fox Film Corporation.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/11/business/article-117258-no-title.html |title=$55.9 Million Fox Film Loss |date=July 11, 1985 |newspaper=The New York Times |page=D19 |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220151246/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/11/business/article-117258-no-title.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
Subsequently, and prior to founding FNC, Murdoch had gained experience in the 24-hour news business when [[News Corporation]]'s [[BSkyB]] subsidiary began Europe's first 24-hour news channel ([[Sky News]]) in the United Kingdom in 1989.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1704677.html |title=Business Analysis: Unstoppable Sky machine rolls on as ITV troubles worsen Dawn Airey's free-to-air television experience will be invaluable to BSkyB as it moves beyond its pay-TV model |last=Shah |first=Saeed |date=September 24, 2002 |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |page=21 |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508171810/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1704677.html |archive-date=May 8, 2013}}</ref> With the success of his efforts establishing Fox as a TV network in the United States,<ref>{{cite news |title=Fox is a business, if not artistic, success |last=Schulberg |first=Pete |date=July 15, 1994 |newspaper=[[The Oregonian]] |page=E1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4395441.html |title=How Fox broke from the pack to become cutting-edge network |last=Braxton |first=Greg |date=April 6, 1997 |newspaper=Chicago Sun-Times |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070515204930/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4395441.html |archive-date=May 15, 2007}}</ref> experience gained from Sky News and the turnaround of 20th Century Fox, Murdoch announced on January 30, 1996, that News Corp. would launch a 24-hour news channel on cable and satellite systems in the United States as part of a News Corp. "worldwide platform" for Fox programming: "The appetite for news – particularly news that explains to people how it affects them – is expanding enormously".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&t=country%3AUSA%21USA&sort=YMD_date%3AD&fld-base-0=alltext&maxresults=20&val-base-0=Murdoch%20taps%20Ailes%20for%20new%20network%3B%20Former%20CNBC%20chief%20set%20to%20direct%2024-hour%20news%20channel%2C%20take%20on%20CNN%22&docref=news/0EB8296FA53CDCD2 |title=Murdoch taps Ailes for new network; Former CNBC chief set to direct 24-hour news channel, take on CNN |last=Williams |first=Scott |date=January 31, 1996 |agency=Associated Press |access-date=October 17, 2019 |via=nl.newsbank |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522100336/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/user/login?destination=document-view%3Fp%3DNewsBank%26t%3Dcountry%253AUSA%2521USA%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26maxresults%3D20%26val-base-0%3DMurdoch%2520taps%2520Ailes%2520for%2520new%2520network%253B%2520Former%2520CNBC%2520chief%2520set%2520to%2520direct%252024-hour%2520news%2520channel%252C%2520take%2520on%2520CNN%2522%26docref%3Dnews/0EB8296FA53CDCD2 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In February 1996, after former U.S. Republican Party political strategist and NBC executive<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/07/business/at-the-new-fox-news-channel-the-buzzword-is-fairness-separating-news-from-bias.html |title=At the new Fox News Channel, the buzzword is fairness, separating news from bias |newspaper=The New York Times |first=Lawrie |last=Mifflin |date=October 7, 1996 |access-date=May 2, 2010 |archive-date=December 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211144208/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A00E4DE1F3FF934A35753C1A960958260&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FPeople%2FA%2FAiles%2C%20Roger%20E. |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Roger Ailes]] left cable television channel [[America's Talking]] (now [[MSNBC]]), Murdoch asked him to start Fox News Channel. Ailes demanded five months of 14-hour workdays and several weeks of rehearsal shows before its launch on October 7, 1996.<ref name="FoxCorporateInfo"/>
At its debut 17-million households were able to watch FNC;<ref name=King>{{cite news |title=Fox Hunts TV News Niche with Channel Debut Today |first=Angela G. |last=King |date=October 7, 1996 |newspaper=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]|___location=New York}}</ref> however, it was absent from the largest U.S. media markets of New York City and Los Angeles. Rolling news coverage during the day consisted of 20-minute single-topic shows such as ''Fox on Crime'' or ''Fox on Politics'', surrounded by news headlines. Interviews featured facts at the bottom of the screen about the topic or the guest. The flagship newscast at the time was ''The Schneider Report'', with [[Mike Schneider (news anchor)|Mike Schneider]]'s fast-paced delivery of the news. During the evening, Fox featured opinion shows: ''The O'Reilly Report'' (later ''[[The O'Reilly Factor]]''), ''The Crier Report'' (hosted by [[Catherine Crier]]) and ''[[Hannity & Colmes]]''. From the beginning, FNC has placed heavy emphasis on visual presentation. Graphics were designed to be colorful and gain attention; this helped the viewer to grasp the main points of what was being said, even if they could not hear the host (with on-screen text summarizing the position of the interviewer or speaker, and "bullet points" when a host was delivering commentary). Fox News also created the "Fox News Alert", which interrupted its regular programming when a [[breaking news]] story occurred.{{citation needed|date=February 2022}}
[[File:Fox News 6th 48 jeh.JPG|thumb|Fox News Studios in 2009]]
To accelerate its adoption by cable providers, Fox News paid systems up to $11 per subscriber to distribute the channel.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-18396534/bold-grab-subs-murdoch.html |first=Richard |last=Katz |date=May 1996 |title=Bold grab for subs: Murdoch offers $11 to carry Fox News |magazine=[[Multichannel News]] |access-date=September 1, 2010 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5uRU0fPQa?url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-18396534/bold-grab-subs-murdoch.html |archive-date=November 23, 2010 }}</ref> This contrasted with the normal practice, in which cable operators paid stations carriage fees for programming. When [[Time Warner]] bought [[Ted Turner]]'s [[Turner Broadcasting System]], a federal [[antitrust]] [[consent decree]] required Time Warner to carry a second all-news channel in addition to its own [[CNN]] on its [[Time Warner Cable|cable systems]]. Time Warner selected MSNBC as the secondary news channel, not Fox News. Fox News claimed this violated an agreement (to carry Fox News). Citing its agreement to keep its U.S. headquarters and a large studio in New York City, News Corporation enlisted the help of Mayor [[Rudolph Giuliani]]'s administration to pressure Time Warner Cable (one of the city's two cable providers) to transmit Fox News on a city-owned channel.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/04/nyregion/giuliani-pressures-time-warner-to-transmit-a-fox-channel.html |title=Giuliani Pressures Time Warner to Transmit a Fox Channel |first=Mark |last=Landler |date=October 4, 1996 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=May 2, 2010 |archive-date=July 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724080203/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/04/nyregion/giuliani-pressures-time-warner-to-transmit-a-fox-channel.html |url-status=live }}</ref> City officials threatened to take action affecting Time Warner's cable franchises in the city.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/05/nyregion/city-hall-threatens-action-if-time-warner-rejects-channel.html |title=City Hall Threatens Action if Time Warner Rejects Channel |first=Clifford J. |last=Levy |date=October 5, 1996 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=May 2, 2010 |archive-date=August 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806122744/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/05/nyregion/city-hall-threatens-action-if-time-warner-rejects-channel.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 2001, during the [[September 11 attacks]], Fox News was the first news organization to run a [[news ticker]] on the bottom of the screen to keep up with the flow of information that day. The ticker has remained, and has proven popular with viewers.<ref name="The Fox News Ticker">{{cite web |url=http://www.mandatory.com/2012/09/11/11-direct-effects-9-11-had-on-the-sports-and-entertainment-indus/#photo=2 |title=11 Direct Effects 9/11 Had on the Sports and Entertainment Industries |last=Dudak |first=Gary |date=September 11, 2012 |website=Mandatory.com |access-date=September 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920021735/http://www.mandatory.com/2012/09/11/11-direct-effects-9-11-had-on-the-sports-and-entertainment-indus#photo=2 |archive-date=September 20, 2012}}</ref> In January 2002, Fox News surpassed CNN in ratings for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fox News Channel |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fox-News-Channel |access-date=July 6, 2022 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en |archive-date=October 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010193808/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fox-News-Channel |url-status=live }}</ref>
Accelerating in the 2000s, the role of conservative media and Fox News led to it being trusted by the Republican Party's base over that of traditional conservative elites, and partly led to Donald Trump's victory in the Republican primaries against the wishes of a very weak party establishment and traditional power brokers.<ref name="Gidron-2019">{{Cite journal |last1=Gidron|first1=Noam|last2=Ziblatt|first2=Daniel|date=2019|title=Center-Right Political Parties in Advanced Democracies|journal=Annual Review of Political Science| publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]]|language=en|volume=12|pages=17–35|doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-090717-092750|issn=1094-2939|doi-access=free}}</ref>{{Rp|27-28}} Fox News subsequently became solidly pro-Trump, and cultivated deep ties between itself and the government.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Thompson|first=Stuart A.|date=August 2, 2025|title=For Trump and Fox News, New Policies Are Simply 'Common Sense'|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/13/technology/trump-fox-news-common-sense.html|url-access=subscription|access-date=August 2, 2025|quote=The shared language reflects the deepening ties between the government and the right-wing media, especially Fox News, by far the nation's most popular cable news network.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Stelter|first1=Brian|last2=Reilly|first2=Liam|date=July 11, 2025|title=Trump vows to sue Rupert Murdoch as Epstein report opens new rift in their relationship|work=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/07/17/media/trump-rupert-murdoch-wsj-epstein-story-lawsuit-threat|access-date=August 2, 2025|quote=Murdoch's right-wing media machine played a key role in Trump's path to the presidency. Murdoch initially savored the stunning degree of influence he had with the Trump White House. But he personally soured on Trump by 2020, even as the most popular hosts on Fox continued to promote the Trump agenda. [...] But as the Republican base re-embraced Trump, so too did Murdoch}}</ref> For his first term, nearly 20 current and former Fox News hosts received administrative and cabinet-level positions in his administration, and his second term also featured 23 current and former Fox News hosts appointed and nominated.<ref>{{cite news|title=Trump gets the Fox News band back together for his second administration|url=https://www.the-independent.com/news/world/americas/us-politics/donald-trump-fox-news-second-administration-b2678911.html|last=Baragona|first=Justin|date=May 9, 2025|work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref>
In 2023, ''The Economist'' reported that Murdoch had "ditched a plan" to remerge News Corporation with Fox because it "faced resistance from News Corp investors unhappy at the prospect of being lumped together with Fox News, which they consider a toxic brand."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Anon |date=January 28, 2023 |title=The world this week |newspaper=The Economist |page=10}}</ref> Later that year, Murdoch said he would step down and that his son Lachlan would take over both Fox Corporation and News Corp,<ref name="Darcy"/> although [[Succession of Rupert Murdoch|the succession is disputed legally]].
==Political alignment==
{{Conservatism US|media}}
{{Further|Media bias in the United States}}
Fox News has been identified as practicing [[Media bias|biased and false reporting]] in favor of the Republican Party, its politicians, and conservative causes,<ref name="Jamieson-2010"/><ref name="Skocpol-2016"/><ref name="Kludt-2018"/> while portraying the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] in a negative light.<ref name="Grossman-2016"/><ref name="Bard 2017"/> Fox News has been characterized by critics, commentators, and researchers as an [[Advocacy journalism|advocacy news]]{{efn|name="Advocacy"|Multiple sources:<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sulzberger |first1=A.G. |title=Journalism’s Essential Value|quote=But this advocacy model is dangerous when treated as independent journalism’s replacement rather than its supplement. The revelations from the Dominion lawsuit against Fox News underscore the dangers of the advocacy model when fully unchecked. |url=https://www.cjr.org/special_report/ag-sulzberger-new-york-times-journalisms-essential-value-objectivity-independence.php |access-date=February 16, 2025 |work=[[Columbia Journalism Review]] |date=May 15, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=Liz |title=Fox & Friends‘ Advocacy Journalism |url=https://www.cjr.org/the_kicker/even_for_fox_news_even_for_a_m.php |access-date=February 15, 2025 |work=[[Columbia Journalism Review]] |date=June 23, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Patterson |first1=Thomas E. |title=A Tale of Two Elections: CBS and Fox News’ Portrayal of the 2020 Presidential Campaign |url=https://shorensteincenter.org/patterson-2020-election-coverage/ |website=Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics, and Public Policy |publisher=[[Harvard University]] |access-date=February 15, 2025|quote=Economic considerations could push some national news outlets in the direction of advocacy journalism. America’s conservative media system – rooted in Fox, right-wing talk shows, and alt-right web outlets – now has an audience that exceeds 50 million Americans, the great majority of whom are Repubicans [sic].}}</ref><ref name="Atkins 02152025">{{cite news |last1=Atkins |first1=Larry |title=Advocacy Journalism Is Polarizing Our Country |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/advocacy-journalism-is-po_b_5526745 |access-date=February 15, 2025 |work=[[Huffington Post]] |date=June 24, 2014|quote=TV networks like MSNBC and FOX News and talk radio talk show hosts like Rush Limbaugh and Glenn Beck have a clearly biased agenda. Yet, many people rely on advocacy journalism as their main source of news.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Luengo |first1=Marîa |title=The Crisis of Journalism Reconsidered: Democratic Culture, Professional Codes, Digital Future |date=2016 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=1316589234 |page=253 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LXFNDAAAQBAJ|quote=Fox News in the United States is a form of advocacy journalism...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Schudson |first1=Michael |title=The News Media: What Everyone Needs to Know |date=2016 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0190206217 |page=113 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dyzKDAAAQBAJ|quote=...Fox News on politics and Univision on immigration reform— are engaged in advocacy journalism...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Elder|first1=Linda|title=Fact over Fake: A Critical Thinker's Guide to Media Bias and Political Propaganda |date=2020 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=153814395X |page=13 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xZ76DwAAQBAJ|quote=Fox News is an advocacy political news organization ...}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Atkins|work=[[WHYY-TV]] |first1=Larry |title=The importance of being a savvy media consumer |url=https://whyy.org/articles/essay-the-importance-of-being-a-savvy-media-consumer/|quote=Mainstream media organizations are even more essential today with the recent explosion of advocacy journalism outlets that have a clear bias in their reporting. These media outlets, such as Fox News... |access-date=February 16, 2025 |date=December 2, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Kumkar 2018">{{cite book |last1=Kumkar |first1=Nils C. |title=The Tea Party, Occupy Wall Street, and the Great Recession |date=2018 |publisher=Springer |isbn=3319736884 |page=199|quote=Although some have suggested that MSNBC de facto functions as a kind of left-wing advocacy news network counterpart to Fox News, in the case of ... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UK9SDwAAQBAJ}}</ref><ref name="Milani 2022">{{cite book |last1=Milani |first1=Ali |title=The Unlikely Candidate: What Losing an Election Taught Me about How to Change Politics |date=2022 |publisher=Policy Press |isbn=144736161X |page=87 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LdZ2EAAAQBAJ|quote=... much of our media institutions today have begun to more closely resemble the advocacy journalism of Fox News and MSNBC.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |page=102 |url=https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.5210/bsi.v24i0.5004.pdf|title=Mass News Media and American Culture|work=Behavior and Social Issues|volume=24|date=2015|quote=Despite both agencies being founded in 1996, FNC adopted the advocacy-frame style of journalism long before MSNBC.}}</ref><ref name="Schumacher-Matos 2025">{{cite news |last1=Schumacher-Matos |first1=Edward |title=Last Thoughts: NPR And The Balance Between Ethics And The Nation |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/publiceditor/2015/02/06/382170260/last-thoughts-npr-and-the-balance-between-ethics-and-the-nation |access-date=February 16, 2025 |work=[[NPR]]|quote=The digital revolution prizes specialization, not mass appeal. And so we see the rise of advocacy journalism, such as talk radio, Fox News, MSNBC, Huffington Post and a plethora of web sites. |date=February 6, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Purvis |first1=Hoyt |title=Advocacy vs. objectivity |url=https://www.nwaonline.com/news/2021/apr/21/hoyt-purvis-advocacy-vs-objectivity/ |access-date=February 16, 2025 |work=[[Northwest Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]] |date=April 21, 2021|quote=Fox News has been a major generator of advocacy journalism, propounded by Trump's seemingly endless supply of invective consistently aimed at the media.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Atkins |first1=Larry |title=Join the Fight Against Fake News |url=https://progressive.org/op-eds/join-the-fight-against-fake-news-180712/ |access-date=February 16, 2025 |work=[[The Progressive]] |date=July 12, 2018|quote=Advocacy journalism outlets including Fox News and MSNBC, ideological talk radio, and conspiracy websites like InfoWars make this difficult.}}</ref>}} or [[propaganda]]{{efn|name="Propaganda"|Multiple sources have described Fox News as propaganda including researchers,<ref>{{cite journal|title=What is Fox News? Partisan Journalism, Misinformation, and the Problem of Classification|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/19312431211060426|publisher=[[Sage Publishing]]|date=2022|author1=A.J. Bauer|author2=Anthony Nadle|author3=Jacob L. Nelson|journal=Electronic News |volume=16 |pages=18–29 |doi=10.1177/19312431211060426 |access-date=July 13, 2024|archive-date=August 9, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809002046/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/19312431211060426?journalCode=enxa|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Fox Diet |url=https://academic.oup.com/book/26406/chapter/194771847 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |date=October 2018 |access-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713081750/https://academic.oup.com/book/26406/chapter/194771847 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Benkler 10182018">{{Cite book |last1=Benkler |first1=Yochai |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001 |title=Network Propaganda |last2=Faris |first2=Robert |last3=Roberts |first3=Hal |date=2018-10-18 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-092362-4 |language=en |doi=10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001 |access-date=August 2, 2024 |archive-date=August 9, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809002136/https://academic.oup.com/book/26406 |url-status=live |quote=In chapter 2 we showed that the American media ecosystem consists of two distinct, structurally different media ecosystems. One part is the right-wing, dominated by partisan media outlets that are densely interconnected and insular and anchored by Fox News and Breitbart. [...] The Clinton pedophilia story was not primarily a bottom-up, Reddit-imposed, post-truth moment that was then reinforced by higher level media. It was first and foremost the product of a propagandist dynamic between Fox News, as party propaganda organ, and Donald Trump, who, after winning the Indiana primary on May 4, 2016, became the presumptive party nominee. [...] By that point Fox News had become the lead player in what had become the president's personal propaganda network in his battles [...] These data warrant the conclusion that Fox shares little but a few visual trappings with the world of professional journalism at the core of the rest of the U.S. media system. It is, across its online and television properties, America's leading propaganda outlet.}}</ref><ref name="Yglesias 10022018">{{Cite journal |last=Yglesias |first=Matthew |date=2018-10-02 |title=The Case for Fox News Studies |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10584609.2018.1477532 |journal=Political Communication |language=en |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=681–683 |doi=10.1080/10584609.2018.1477532 |issn=1058-4609 |access-date=August 2, 2024 |archive-date=September 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901084021/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10584609.2018.1477532 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Martin, J. (2012). The Fox Effect: How Roger Ailes Turned a Network into a Propaganda Machine. ''Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly'', 38, 189.</ref><ref name="Bard 2017">{{Cite journal |last1=Bard |first1=Mitchell T. |date=May 22, 2017 |title=Propaganda, Persuasion, or Journalism?: Fox News' Prime-Time Coverage of Health-Care Reform in 2009 and 2014 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1931243117710278 |journal=Electronic News |volume=11 |issue=2 |access-date=May 9, 2025 |issn=1931-2431 |doi=10.1177/1931243117710278|url-access=subscription |quote=The study finds that in both periods, Fox News' prime-time programs employed multiple themes based on nonfactual premises to oppose health-care reform, which were more in line with propaganda than journalism or persuasion.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Yang|first1=Yunkang|last2=Bennett|first2=Lance|date=2021|title=Political Communication in the Time of Coronavirus|chapter=Interactive Propaganda|url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003170051-8/interactive-propaganda-yunkang-yang-lance-bennett|___location=New York|publisher=Routledge|page=18|isbn=9781003170051|access-date=August 2, 2025|quote=Different from traditional propaganda as top-down communication that typically flows from government to media and other societal echo chambers, interactive propaganda may be a political communication pattern that marks a shift toward an illiberal regime where the state forms partnerships with the media to consolidate its rule.}}</ref> news organizations,<ref>{{cite news |title=Fox News and the marketing of lies |url=https://www.ft.com/content/78826749-892b-42b6-9053-ef613016ae93 |work=Financial Times |date=April 21, 2023 |author1=Yochai Benkler |author2=Robert Far |author3=Hal Roberts |access-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713081750/https://www.ft.com/content/78826749-892b-42b6-9053-ef613016ae93 |url-status=live |quote=The case serves nonetheless as a warning of the perils, even in an established democracy, of partisan journalism tipping over into propaganda. Fox pandered to its conservative viewership, but the alternative reality it created fed their tribalism and paranoia. When the Trump narrative parted ways with reality, viewers preferred hearing the lie. Fox continued to give them what they wanted.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Illing|first1=Sean|title=How Fox News evolved into a propaganda operation|url=https://www.vox.com/2019/3/22/18275835/fox-news-trump-propaganda-tom-rosenstiel|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|date=March 22, 2019|access-date=July 27, 2019|archive-date=December 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210155704/https://www.vox.com/2019/3/22/18275835/fox-news-trump-propaganda-tom-rosenstiel|url-status=live|quote=Fox News has always been a partisan news network. But people are increasingly questioning whether it has crossed a line in the Trump era and become an outright propaganda operation. [...] It certainly seems like Fox News has essentially become state TV.}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Mayer |first1=Jane |title=The Making of the Fox News White House |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/03/11/the-making-of-the-fox-news-white-house |magazine=The New Yorker |date=March 4, 2019 |access-date=March 4, 2019 |archive-date=December 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211045411/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/03/11/the-making-of-the-fox-news-white-house |url-status=live |quote=Conservative media outlets, however, focus more intently on confirming their audience's biases, and are much more susceptible to disinformation, propaganda, and outright falsehoods (as judged by neutral fact-checking organizations such as PolitiFact). Case studies conducted by the authors show that lies and distortions on the right spread easily from extremist Web sites to mass-media outlets such as Fox, and only occasionally get corrected.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Serwer |first1=Adam |title=Why Fox News Lied to Its Viewers |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/02/fox-news-dominion-lawsuit-trump/673132/ |work=The Atlantic |date=February 19, 2024 |access-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-date=July 9, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709114558/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/02/fox-news-dominion-lawsuit-trump/673132/ |url-status=live|quote=The Dominion filing drives home a few points. One is that there is a Fox News propaganda feedback loop: The network inflames right-wing conspiracism, but it also bows to it out of partisan commitment and commercial incentive.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Darcy |first1=Oliver |title=Fox News and right-wing media have already decided the Trump trial verdict |url=https://edition.cnn.com/business/media/fox-news-right-wing-media-trump-trial-verdict/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=May 30, 2024 |quote=And they're a reminder that if Trump were to return to power, he has a powerful propaganda apparatus at his disposal that will do everything in its power to sanitize his actions — whatever they may be.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Darcy|first=Oliver|date=August 22, 2023|title=Analysis: Fox News is trying to sugarcoat its right-wing propaganda. Some news outlets are falling for it|work=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/22/media/fox-news-reliable-sources|access-date=August 2, 2025|quote=The right-wing channel, which is in the spotlight as it prepares to host the first GOP primary debate of the 2024 election on Wednesday, was exposed in grand fashion as a dishonest propaganda organ of the Republican Party just months ago when it paid a historic $787 million defamation settlement to Dominion Voting Systems over the lies it spread during the last presidential election.}}</ref> Republican politicians,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Darcy |first1=Oliver |title=Mitt Romney criticizes Fox News and right-wing media for warping Republican Party |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/19/media/mitt-romney-right-wing-media-republican-party-reliable-sources/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=October 19, 2023 |access-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713081750/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/19/media/mitt-romney-right-wing-media-republican-party-reliable-sources/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Neammanee|first=Pocharapon|date=July 17, 2025|title=Marjorie Taylor Greene Calls Fox News And New York Post 'Propaganda' Supporting 'Foreign Wars'|work=The Huffington Post|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/marjorie-taylor-greene-propaganda-nypost-fox_n_6851834de4b025ec9a1a3aa6|access-date=August 2, 2025|quote=We've watched propaganda news for decades. I'll call out Fox News and the New York Post. They're known to be the neocon network news," Greene told former Florida GOP lawmaker Matt Gaetz on his show on One America News Network. "We have propaganda news on our side, just like the left does, and the American people have been brainwashed into believing that America has to engage in these foreign wars in order for us to survive, and it's absolutely not true," Greene continued.}}</ref> former Fox hosts and employees,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Haag |first1=Mathew |title=Former Fox News Analyst Calls Network a 'Destructive Propaganda Machine'|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/07/business/media/ralph-peters-fox-cnn.html |work=The New York Times |date=June 7, 2018 |access-date=May 14, 2024 |archive-date=May 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514074131/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/07/business/media/ralph-peters-fox-cnn.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Ferguson 2021">{{cite news|title=Insiders reveal how Fox News became a propaganda outlet for Donald Trump|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-08-23/fox-news-trump-four-corners-investigation-gretchen-carlson/100387632|publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)]]|date=August 22, 2021|author1=Sarah Ferguson|author2=Lauren Day|author3=Laura Gartry|access-date=May 14, 2024|archive-date=May 21, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521082150/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-08-23/fox-news-trump-four-corners-investigation-gretchen-carlson/100387632|url-status=live|quote=Gretchen Carlson is most famous for her role in exposing former Fox chief executive Roger Ailes as a sexual predator, her story brought to life by Nicole Kidman on the big screen in Bombshell. Now she, along with several other former Fox News insiders, is speaking out about the transformation of the cable news network into a propaganda vehicle for Donald Trump.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Mastrangelo|first=Dominick|date=June 25, 2025|title=Tucker Carlson takes on Fox News|work=The Hill|url=https://thehill.com/media/5367542-tucker-carlson-fox-news-criticism/|access-date=August 2, 2025|quote=Carlson has made this argument explicit, saying Fox is engaging in prowar "propaganda" as part of an effort to "scare old people" and benefit the "warmongers" running the network. [...] "They're doing the thing they always do," he said. "Turning up the propaganda hose to full blast and just knock elderly Fox viewers off their feet and make them submit to a new war."}}</ref> and commentators.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Alterman |first1=Eric |title=Fox News Has Always Been Propaganda |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/fox-news-propaganda-eric-alterman/ |work=The Nation |date=March 14, 2019 |access-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-date=July 15, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715153306/https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/fox-news-propaganda-eric-alterman/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Concha |first1=Joe |title=Ex-CIA director calls Hannity a 'true propagandist' |url=https://thehill.com/media/302546-ex-cia-director-calls-hannity-a-true-propagandist/ |work=The Hill |date=October 24, 2016 }}</ref>}} organization and damaging to the integrity of news overall.<ref name="Collings2010">{{cite book |first=Anthony |last=Collings |title=Capturing the News: Three Decades of Reporting Crisis and Conflict |url=https://archive.org/details/capturingnewsthr00coll_0 |url-access=registration |year=2010 |publisher=University of Missouri Press |isbn=978-0-8262-7211-9 |page=[https://archive.org/details/capturingnewsthr00coll_0/page/166 166]}}</ref><ref name="McCollumHebert2014">{{cite book |first1=Jonathan |last1=McCollum |first2=David G. |last2=Hebert |title=Theory and Method in Historical Ethnomusicology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dDGPBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA95 |year=2014 |publisher=Lexington Books |isbn=978-1-4985-0705-9 |page=95 |access-date=January 27, 2016 |archive-date=July 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720043857/https://books.google.com/books?id=dDGPBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA95 |url-status=live }}</ref> The network is [[Trumpism|pro-Trump]].<ref name="Kludt-2018"/><ref name="Schwartz-2017b"/><ref name="Benkler 08232020"/><ref name="Benkler 10182018"/><ref name="Ferguson 2021"/> During and after the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]], its primetime hosts promoted Trump and the Republican Party,<ref name="Robertson 08192025">{{Cite news|last=Robertson|first=Katie|date=August 19, 2025|title=New Details Emerge on Fox Hosts' Efforts to Bolster Trump in 2020|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/19/business/media/fox-news-trump-election-documents.html|url-access=subscription|access-date=August 22, 2025|quote=Jeanine Pirro. Jesse Watters. Maria Bartiromo. They seemed to have different motivations, but the same goal: Help President Trump. Several of Fox News's most prominent on-air news personalities made clear their desire to help Mr. Trump shortly before and after the 2020 presidential election, according to a tranche of court documents released on Tuesday in a $2.7 billion defamation lawsuit against Fox Corporation filed by Smartmatic, a voting technology company.}}</ref> and host [[Jeanine Pirro]] was in communication with the chair of the [[Republican National Committee]].<ref name="Barr 08192025">{{Cite news|last=Barr|first=Jeremy|date=August 19, 2025|title=Jeanine Pirro bragged about helping Trump and GOP while a Fox News host|work=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2025/08/19/jeanine-pirro-trump-republicans-fox/|url-access=subscription|access-date=August 22, 2025|quote=Jeanine Pirro, then a weekend host on Fox News, told the chairman of the Republican National Committee in a September 2020 text message that she was determined to aid President Donald Trump and the Republican Party, despite the network prohibiting on-air personalities from political involvement. "I work so hard for the party across the country," Pirro, now the U.S. attorney for the District of Columbia, told Ronna McDaniel in the message, according to newly unredacted court documents made public Tuesday in filings by the voting technology company Smartmatic, which in 2021 filed a $2.7 billion defamation lawsuit against Fox over its 2020 election coverage. "I'm the Number 1 watched show on all news cable all weekend. I work so hard for the President and party."}}</ref>
By 2017, a growing number of studies and academic literature found Fox's prime-time programming engaging in rhetorical and nonfactual themes similar to propaganda and not journalism or persuasion.<ref name="Bard 2017"/> Academic studies have argued that it has played a major role in boosting Republican turnout in American elections and that its role in American politics has been underestimated by political and communications scholars.<ref name="Yglesias 10022018"/> Fox has been described as operating in an information silo where its audience views other media sources as "too liberal", and thus rely on Fox and no other forms of news media.<ref name="Austin 2021"/><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Bartlett |first1=Bruce |date=May 11, 2015 |title=How Fox News Changed American Media and Political Dynamics |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2604679 |access-date=May 9, 2025 |doi=10.2139/ssrn.2604679|ssrn=2604679 }}</ref> Researchers and commentators have compared conservative Fox News as similar in purpose to liberal [[MSNBC]],<ref name="Atkins 02152025"/><ref name="Kumkar 2018"/><ref name="Milani 2022"/><ref name="Schumacher-Matos 2025"/> but that "the proportion of Fox News statements that are mostly false or worse is almost 50 percent higher than for MSNBC, and more than twice that of CNN".<ref name="Benkler 10182018"/><ref name="Kumkar 2018"/>
Its news coverage has gradually shifted further rightwards over time.<ref name="Berry 2014"/> Fox's most popular programs such as ''[[Hannity]]'' and ''[[Tucker Carlson Tonight]]'' do not make any claims to be accurate or [[fact-checked]], and have little to no distinction between news and commentary.<ref name="Austin 2021"/> Media analyst [[Brian Stelter]], who has [[Hoax (book)|written]] [[Network of Lies (book)|extensively]] about the network, observed in 2021 that in more recent years it had adjusted its programming to present "less news on the air and more opinions-about-the-news" throughout the day, on concerns it was losing viewers to more conservative competitors that were presenting such content.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stelter |first1=Brian |title='We turned so far right we went crazy:' How Fox News was radicalized by its own viewers |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/08/media/fox-news-hoax-paperback-book/index.html |publisher=CNN Business |date=June 8, 2021 |access-date=May 14, 2024 |archive-date=May 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514083622/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/08/media/fox-news-hoax-paperback-book/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Outlets==
[[File:FOX News Channel Stand.jpg|thumb|left|FNC airport [[newsagent|newsstand]] at [[Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport]]|alt=Fox News airport newsstand]]
[[File:Fox News Channel newsroom.jpg|thumb|left|FNC's [[newsroom]], November 15, 2007|alt=Television news studio]]
FNC maintains an archive of most of its programs. This archive also includes [[Movietone News]] series of newsreels from its now Disney-owned namesake movie studio, [[20th Century Studios]]. Licensing for the Fox News archive is handled by ITN Source, the archiving division of [[ITN]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.focalint.org/member-news/news/597/itn-archive-becomes-itn-source |title=ITN Archive Becomes ITN Source |date=June 19, 2006 |website=[[FOCAL International]] |access-date=April 28, 2017 |archive-date=August 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806151130/https://www.focalint.org/member-news/news/597/itn-archive-becomes-itn-source }}</ref>
==
{{Main|List of programs broadcast by Fox News Channel}}
FNC presents a variety of programming, with up to 15 hours of live broadcasting per day in addition to programming and content for the [[Fox Broadcasting Company]]. Most programs are broadcast from Fox News headquarters in New York City (at [[1211 Avenue of the Americas]]), in its streetside studio on [[Sixth Avenue]] in the west wing of [[Rockefeller Center]], sharing its headquarters with sister channel [[Fox Business Network]]. Fox News Channel has eight studios at its New York City headquarters that are used for its and Fox Business' programming: Studio B (used for Fox Business programming), Studio D (which has an area for studio audiences; no longer in current use), Studio E (used for ''[[Gutfeld!]]'' and ''[[The Journal Editorial Report]]''), Studio F (used for ''[[The Story with Martha MacCallum]]'', ''[[The Five (talk show)|The Five]]'', Fox Democracy 2020, ''[[Fox & Friends]]'', ''[[Outnumbered (U.S. TV program)|Outnumbered]]'', ''The Faulkner Focus'', and ''Fox News Primetime''), Studio G (which houses Fox Business shows, ''[[The Fox Report]]'', ''[[Your World with Neil Cavuto]]'', and ''[[Cavuto Live]]''), Studio H (Fox News Deck used for breaking news coverage, no longer in current use), Studio J (used for ''[[America's Newsroom]]'', ''[[Hannity]]'', ''[[Fox News Live]]'', ''[[Fox & Friends First]]'', and ''[[Sunday Morning Futures With Maria Bartiromo|Sunday Morning Futures]]'') Starting in {{nfly|2018}}, ''[[Thursday Night Football]]'' had its pregame show, ''[[Fox NFL Sunday|Fox NFL Thursday]]'', originating from Studio F. Another Fox Sports program, ''First Things First'', also broadcasts from Studio E.
Other such programs (such as ''[[Special Report with Bret Baier]]'', ''[[The Ingraham Angle]]'', ''[[Fox News @ Night]]'', ''[[Media Buzz]]'', and editions of ''Fox News Live'' not broadcast from the New York City studios) are broadcast from Fox News's Washington, D.C. studios, located on [[Capitol Hill]] across from [[Washington Union Station]] in a secured building shared by a number of other television networks, which includes [[NBC News]] and [[C-SPAN]]. ''[[The Next Revolution]]'' is broadcast from Fox News' Los Angeles bureau studio, which is also used for news updates coming from Los Angeles. ''[[Life, Liberty & Levin]]'' is done from Levin's personal studio in [[Virginia]]. Audio simulcasts of the channel are aired on [[SiriusXM Satellite Radio]].
In an October 11, 2009, in a ''[[New York Times]]'' article, Fox said its hard-news programming runs from "9 AM to 4 PM and 6 to 8 PM on weekdays". However, it makes no such claims for its other broadcasts, which primarily consist of editorial journalism and commentary.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/12/business/media/12fox.html |title=Fox's Volley With Obama Intensifying |last=Stelter |first=Brian |date=October 11, 2009 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=November 16, 2009 |archive-date=November 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125031750/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/12/business/media/12fox.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
Fox News Channel began broadcasting in the [[720p]] resolution format on May 1, 2008.<ref name="multichannel1">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.multichannel.com/article/89931-Fox_News_To_Make_HD_Bow_With_Time_Warner.php |title=Fox News to make HD bow with Time Warner |first=Mike |last=Reynolds |date=April 29, 2008 |magazine=Multichannel News |access-date=August 15, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205090216/http://www.multichannel.com/article/89931-Fox_News_To_Make_HD_Bow_With_Time_Warner.php |archive-date=December 5, 2010 }}</ref> This format is available on all major cable and satellite providers.
Fox News Media produces ''[[Fox News Sunday]]'', which airs on Fox Broadcasting and re-airs on FNC. Fox News also produces occasional special event coverage that is broadcast on FBC.
===Radio===
{{Main|Fox News Radio}}
With the growth of the FNC, the company introduced a radio division, [[Fox News Radio]], in 2003.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vu4wDQAAQBAJ&q=%22Fox+News+radio%22+2003&pg=PT57 |title=Media Ethics: Cases and Moral Reasoning |last1=Christians |first1=Clifford G. |last2=Fackler |first2=Mark |last3=Richardson |first3=Kathy Brittan |last4=Kreshel |first4=Peggy |last5=Woods |first5=Robert H. |name-list-style=amp |date=October 4, 2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-13484-156-1 |access-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522100516/https://books.google.com/books?id=vu4wDQAAQBAJ&q=%22Fox+News+radio%22+2003&pg=PT57#v=snippet&q=%22Fox%20News%20radio%22%202003&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Syndicated radio show|Syndicated]] throughout the United States, the division provides short newscasts and talk radio programs featuring personalities from the television and radio divisions. In 2006, the company also introduced [[Fox News Talk]], a [[satellite radio]] station featuring programs syndicated by (and featuring) Fox News personalities.
===Online===
Introduced in December 1995,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/about/privacy-policy/ |title=Privacy Policy |publisher=Fox News |date=July 1, 2013 |access-date=October 20, 2013 |archive-date=November 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124033936/https://www.foxnews.com/about/privacy-policy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the Fox News website features news articles and videos about national and international news. Content on the website is divided into politics, media, U.S., and business. Fox News' articles are based on the network's broadcasts, reports from Fox affiliates and articles produced by other news agencies, such as the [[Associated Press]]. Articles are usually accompanied by a video related to the article.<ref name="NewsGuard">{{Cite web |title=FoxNews.com Nutrition Label |url=https://www.newsguardtech.com/foxnews-nutrition-label/ |access-date=October 16, 2022 |website=[[NewsGuard]] |language=en-US |archive-date=October 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016203053/https://www.newsguardtech.com/foxnews-nutrition-label/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News Latino is the version aimed at a [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]] audience, although presented almost entirely in English, with a Spanish section.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://latino.foxnews.com/index.html |title=Fox News Latino |website=Fox News |date=November 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201045230/http://latino.foxnews.com/index.html |archive-date=December 1, 2015}}</ref>
According to [[NewsGuard]], "Much of FoxNews.com's content, particularly articles produced by beat reporters and broadcasts produced by network correspondents, is accurate and well-sourced ... However, FoxNews.com has regularly advanced false and misleading claims on topics including the [[January 6 United States Capitol attack|Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol]], the [[Russo-Ukrainian War]], [[COVID-19]], and [[U.S. elections]]".<ref name="NewsGuard" />
In September 2008, FNC joined other channels in introducing a live streaming segment to its website: ''The Strategy Room'', designed to appeal to older viewers. It airs weekdays from 9 AM to 5 PM and takes the form of an informal discussion, with running commentary on the news. Regular discussion programs include ''Business Hour'', ''News With a View'' and ''God Talk''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/16/business/media/16fox.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217213524/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/16/business/media/16fox.html |archive-date=February 17, 2009 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=For Talking Heads, a Spot to Relax and Sip Coffee, on Webcam |last=Hansell |first=Saul |date=February 15, 2009 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref> In March 2009, ''The Fox Nation'' was launched as a website intended to encourage readers to post articles commenting on the news.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/welcome-to-the-fox-nation |title=Welcome to the Fox Nation |date=March 30, 2009 |publisher=Fox News |access-date=October 17, 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090402234557/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,511334,00.html |archive-date=April 2, 2009}}</ref> Fox News Mobile is the portion of the FNC website dedicated to [[streaming]] news clips formatted for video-enabled mobile phones.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/mobile/index.html |title=Fox News Mobile website |publisher=Fox News |date=June 12, 2008 |access-date=August 15, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101103220950/http://www.foxnews.com/mobile/index.html |archive-date=November 3, 2010 }}</ref>
=== Fox Nation ===
{{Main|Fox Nation}}
In 2018, FNC announced that it would launch a [[Video on demand|subscription video on demand]] service known as [[Fox Nation]]. It serves as a companion service to FNC, carrying original and acquired talk, documentary, and reality programming designed to appeal to Fox News viewers. Some of its original programs feature Fox News personalities and contributors.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Concha |first=Joe |date=May 23, 2019 |title=Fox Nation adds five new programs to streaming service |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/445321-fox-nation-adds-five-new-programs-to-streaming-service/ |access-date=April 20, 2022 |website=The Hill |language=en-US |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108004253/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/445321-fox-nation-adds-five-new-programs-to-streaming-service |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Network">{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Special to USA Today |title='Duck Dynasty' seasons, more coming soon to FOX Nation streaming service |url=https://www.thenewsstar.com/story/entertainment/2020/05/22/duck-dynasty-joins-fox-nation-on-june-1/5240345002/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=The News-Star |language=en-US |archive-date=June 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627005609/https://www.thenewsstar.com/story/entertainment/2020/05/22/duck-dynasty-joins-fox-nation-on-june-1/5240345002/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Malone-2021">{{Cite web |last=Malone |first=Michael |date=March 25, 2021 |title='Tucker Carlson Today' Starts on Fox Nation March 29 |url=https://www.nexttv.com/news/tucker-carlson-today-starts-on-fox-nation-march-29 |access-date=April 20, 2022 |website=Broadcasting Cable |language=en |archive-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420052253/https://www.nexttv.com/news/tucker-carlson-today-starts-on-fox-nation-march-29 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fox News Officially Jumps Into OTT Arena With Fox Nation |url=https://www.tvtechnology.com/news/fox-news-officially-jumps-into-ott-arena-with-fox-nation |access-date=February 21, 2018 |website=www.multichannel.com |date=February 20, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415071946/https://www.tvtechnology.com/news/fox-news-officially-jumps-into-ott-arena-with-fox-nation |url-status=live }}</ref>''
==Ratings and reception==
In 2003, Fox News saw a large ratings jump during the early stages of the [[U.S. invasion of Iraq]]. At the height of the conflict, according to some reports, Fox News had as much as a 300% increase in viewership (averaging 3.3 million viewers daily).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3148015.stm |title=War coverage lifts News Corp |date=August 13, 2003 |website=BBC News |access-date=November 29, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110512061740/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3148015.stm |archive-date=May 12, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2004, Fox News' ratings for its broadcast of the [[2004 Republican National Convention|Republican National Convention]] exceeded those of the three major broadcast networks. During President [[George W. Bush]]'s address, Fox News attracted 7.3 million viewers nationally; [[NBC]], [[ABC News (United States)|ABC]], and [[CBS]] had a viewership of 5.9 million, 5.1 million, and 5.0 million respectively.
Between late 2005 and early 2006, Fox News saw a brief decline in ratings. One was in the second quarter of 2006, when it lost viewers for every prime-time program compared with the previous quarter. The audience for ''[[Special Report with Brit Hume]]'', for example, dropped 19%. Several weeks later, in the wake of the [[2006 North Korean missile test]] and the [[2006 Lebanon War]], Fox saw a surge in viewership and remained the top-rated cable news channel.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/ratings/fncs_2554_prime_downward_spiral_20939.asp |title=FNC's 25–54 Prime "Downward Spiral" |date=April 26, 2005 |website=[[TVNewser]] |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517073747/http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/ratings/fncs_2554_prime_downward_spiral_20939.asp |archive-date=May 17, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2005/narrative_cabletv_contentanalysis.asp?media=5&cat=2 |title=Cable TV: Content Analysis |year=2005 |website=The State of the News Media |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100803033420/http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2005/narrative_cabletv_contentanalysis.asp?media=5&cat=2 |archive-date=August 3, 2010}}</ref> Fox produced eight of the top ten most-watched nightly cable news shows, with ''The O'Reilly Factor'' and ''[[Hannity & Colmes]]'' finishing first and second respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/original/ranker_april05.pdf |title=Competitive Program Ranker (M-F 6a-11p programs) |date=April 2005 |website=TVNewser |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614001942/http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/original/ranker_april05.pdf |archive-date=June 14, 2007}}</ref>
FNC ranked No. 8 in viewership among all cable channels in 2006, and No. 7 in 2007.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/CA6517290.html |title=Fox News Channel Leads in 2007 Cable News Ratings |first=Marisa |last=Guthrie |date=April 1, 2008 |magazine=[[Broadcasting & Cable]] |access-date=August 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914232913/http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/CA6517290.html |archive-date=September 14, 2008 }}</ref> The channel ranked number one during the week of Barack Obama's election (November 3–9) in 2008, and reached the top spot again in January 2010 (during the week of the [[United States Senate special election in Massachusetts, 2010|special Senate election in Massachusetts]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE60R0F720100128 |title=Fox News Channel tops USA in cable ratings |last=Crupi |first=Anthony |date=January 27, 2010 |work=Reuters |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230132858/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE60R0F720100128 |url-status=live }}</ref> Comparing Fox to its 24-hour-news-channel competitors in May 2010, the channel drew an average daily prime-time audience of 1.8 million viewers (versus 747,000 for MSNBC and 595,000 for CNN).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/fox-news-north-primed-for-launch/article1603483/ |title='Fox News North' primed for launch |last=Krashinsky |first=Susan |date=June 15, 2010 |newspaper=[[The Globe and Mail]] |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616041152/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/fox-news-north-primed-for-launch/article1603483/ |archive-date=June 16, 2010}}</ref>
In September 2009, the [[Pew Research Center]] published a report on the public view of national news organizations. In the report, 72% of polled Republican Fox viewers rated the channel as "favorable", while 43% of polled Democratic viewers and 55% of all polled viewers shared that opinion. However, Fox was given the highest "unfavorable" rating of all national outlets studied (25% of all polled viewers). The report went on to say that "partisan differences in views of Fox News have increased substantially since 2007".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pewresearch.org/pubs/1341/press-accuracy-rating-hits-two-decade-low |title=Press Accuracy Rating Hits Two-Decade Low |date=September 14, 2009 |website=[[Pew Research Center]] |access-date=September 16, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107091046/http://pewresearch.org/pubs/1341/press-accuracy-rating-hits-two-decade-low |archive-date=November 7, 2010}}</ref> A January 2020 Pew Research Center study found that 43% of all American adults trusted Fox News, including 65% of Republicans and people who lean Republican, while 61% of Democrats and people who lean Democratic distrusted Fox News.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jurkowitz |first1=Mark |last2=Mitchell |first2=Amy |last3=Shearer |first3=Elisa |last4=Walker |first4=Mason |title=U.S. Media Polarization and the 2020 Election: A Nation Divided |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/01/PJ_2020.01.24_Media-Polarization_FINAL.pdf |website=[[Pew Research Center]] |pages=10–16 |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=18 April 2025}}</ref>
A Public Policy Polling poll concluded in 2013 that positive perceptions of FNC had declined from 2010. 41% of polled voters said they trust it, down from 49% in 2010, while 46% said they distrust it, up from 37% in 2010. It was also called the "most trusted" network by 34% of those polled, more than had said the same of any other network.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.publicpolicypolling.com/pdf/2011/PPP_Release_National_206.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319024503/http://www.publicpolicypolling.com/pdf/2011/PPP_Release_National_206.pdf |archive-date=March 19, 2013 |url-status=live |title=Fox News' Credibility Declines |date=February 6, 2013 |website=[[Public Policy Polling]] |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref>
[[File:2012 DNC day 3 Fox News (7959676796).jpg|thumb|Then-Fox anchor [[Megyn Kelly]] covering the [[2012 Democratic National Convention]]]]
On the night of October 22, 2012, Fox set a record for its highest-rated [[Broadcasting|telecast]], with 11.5 million viewers for the third [[United States presidential election debates, 2012|U.S. presidential debate]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/final-obama-romney-debate-gives-381956 |title=Final Debate Breaks Fox News Ratings Record With 11.5 Million, Topping Cable Competition |first=Michael |last=O'Connell |date=October 23, 2012 |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=September 30, 2014 |archive-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031060553/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/final-obama-romney-debate-gives-381956 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2012/10/fox-news-breaks-ratings-record-with-third-presidential-debate-358247/ |title=UPDATE: 59.2M Watch Final Presidential Debate; NBC Wins Coverage Battle |last=Patten |first=Dominic |date=October 23, 2012 |website=Deadline Hollywood |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=November 2, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102192010/http://www.deadline.com/2012/10/fox-news-breaks-ratings-record-with-third-presidential-debate/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In prime time the week before, Fox averaged almost 3.7 million viewers with a total day average of 1.66 million viewers.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-fox-news-ratings-20121023,0,240248.story |title=Fox News scores big ratings win |last=Flint |first=Joe |date=October 23, 2012 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=November 2, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102191539/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-fox-news-ratings-20121023,0,240248.story |url-status=live }}</ref>
In prime time and total day ratings for the week of April 15 to 21, 2013, Fox News, propelled by its coverage of the [[Boston Marathon bombing]], was the highest-ranked network on U.S. cable television, for the first time since August 2005, when [[Hurricane Katrina]] hit the [[Gulf Coast of the United States]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deadline.com/2013/04/fox-news-tops-all-cable-for-1st-time-since-2005 |title=Fox News Tops All Cable For 1st Time Since 2005 |date=April 23, 2007 |work=Deadline Hollywood |access-date=September 30, 2014 |archive-date=March 7, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307045541/http://www.deadline.com/2013/04/fox-news-tops-all-cable-for-1st-time-since-2005/ |url-status=live }}</ref> January 2014 marked Fox News's 145th consecutive month as the highest-rated cable news channel. During that month, Fox News beat CNN and MSNBC combined in overall viewers in both prime time hours and the total day.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2014/01/fnc-extends-cable-news-ratings-winning-streak-in-january-672497/ |title=Fox News Channel Tops Cable News Ratings In January |date=January 28, 2014 |work=Deadline Hollywood |access-date=September 30, 2014 |archive-date=June 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618041026/http://www.deadline.com/2014/01/fnc-extends-cable-news-ratings-winning-streak-in-january/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the third quarter of 2014, the network was the most-watched cable channel during prime time hours.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/fox-news-nabs-historic-cable-736624 |title=Fox News Nabs Historic Cable Ratings Victory |first=Michael |last=O'Connell |date=September 30, 2014 |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=September 30, 2014 |archive-date=January 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109171840/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/fox-news-nabs-historic-cable-736624 |url-status=live }}</ref> During the final week of the campaign for the [[United States elections, 2014]], Fox News had the highest ratings of any cable channel, news or otherwise. On election night itself, Fox News' coverage had higher ratings than that of any of the other five cable or network news sources among viewers between 25 and 54 years of age.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.baltimoresun.com/entertainment/tv/z-on-tv-blog/bal-fox-news-ratings-dominance-demands-analysis-20141117-story.html |title=New level of Fox News dominance demands analysis, not dismissal |last=Zurawik |first=David |date=November 17, 2014 |newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |access-date=November 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206031300/http://www.baltimoresun.com/entertainment/tv/z-on-tv-blog/bal-fox-news-ratings-dominance-demands-analysis-20141117-story.html |archive-date=February 6, 2015}}</ref> The network hosted the first prime-time GOP candidates' forum of the 2016 campaign on August 6. The debate reached a record-breaking 24 million viewers, by far the largest audience for any cable news event.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://money.cnn.com/2015/08/07/media/gop-debate-fox-news-ratings/index.html |title=Fox's GOP debate had record 24 million viewers |first=Brian |last=Stelter |date=August 7, 2015 |website=[[CNN Money]] |access-date=August 8, 2015 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230105910/https://money.cnn.com/2015/08/07/media/gop-debate-fox-news-ratings/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
A 2017 study by the [[Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society]] at [[Harvard University]] found that Fox News was the third most-shared source among supporters of [[Donald Trump]] on [[Twitter]] during the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 presidential election]], behind [[The Hill (newspaper)|''The Hill'']] and ''[[Breitbart News]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Blake|first=Aaron|date=August 22, 2017|title=Analysis {{!}} Trump backers' alarming reliance on hoax and conspiracy theory websites, in 1 chart|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/08/22/trump-backers-disturbing-reliance-on-hoax-and-conspiracy-theory-websites-in-1-chart/|access-date=October 10, 2021|issn=0190-8286|archive-date=January 5, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105084340/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/08/22/trump-backers-disturbing-reliance-on-hoax-and-conspiracy-theory-websites-in-1-chart/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Faris|first1=Robert|title=Partisanship, Propaganda, and Disinformation: Online Media and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election|last2=Roberts|first2=Hal|last3=Etling|first3=Bruce|date=August 8, 2017|publisher=[[Berkman Center for Internet & Society]]|page=72|ssrn=3019414|oclc=1048396744|url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3019414|access-date=January 17, 2023|archive-date=February 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208093807/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3019414|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 2018, Fox News was rated by Nielsen as America's most watched cable network, averaging a record 2.4 million viewers in prime time and total day during the period of January 1 to December 30, 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.multichannel.com/news/fox-news-ends-2018-as-most-watched-cable-network |title=Fox News Ends 2018 as Most Watched Cable Network |last=Umstead |first=R. Thomas |date=January 2, 2019 |website=[[Multichannel News]] |access-date=April 4, 2019 |archive-date=August 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807212515/https://www.multichannel.com/news/fox-news-ends-2018-as-most-watched-cable-network |url-status=live }}</ref> In an October 2018 [[Simmons Research]] survey of the trust in 38 news organizations, Fox News was ranked roughly in the center, with 44.7% of surveyed Americans saying they trusted it.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=October 5, 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |access-date=July 1, 2021 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref>
The [[COVID-19 pandemic]] led to increased viewership for all cable news networks. For the first calendar quarter of 2020 (January 1 – March 31), Fox News had their highest-rated quarter in the network's history, with Nielsen showing a prime time average total audience of 3.387 million viewers. [[Sean Hannity]]'s program, ''[[Hannity]]'', weeknights at 9 pm ET was the top-rated show in cable news for the quarter averaging 4.2 million viewers, a figure that not only beat out all of its cable news competition but also placed it ahead of network competition in the same time slot. Fox ended the quarter with the top five shows in prime time, with Fox's ''[[Tucker Carlson Tonight]]'' finishing the quarter in second overall with an average audience of 4.2 million viewers, followed by ''[[The Five (talk show)|The Five]]'', ''[[The Ingraham Angle]]'', and ''[[Special Report with Bret Baier]]''. ''[[The Rachel Maddow Show]]'' was the highest non-Fox show on cable, coming in sixth place. Finishing the quarter in 22nd place was ''[[The Lead with Jake Tapper]]'', [[CNN]]'s highest rated show.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Joyella |first1=Mark |title=Fox News Has Highest-Rated Quarter In Network's History |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2020/03/31/fox-news-has-highest-rated-quarter-in-networks-history/ |website=Forbes |access-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230122936/https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2020/03/31/fox-news-has-highest-rated-quarter-in-networks-history/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to a Fox News article on the subject, ''Fox & Friends'' averaged 1.8 million viewers, topping CNN's ''[[New Day (TV series)|New Day]]'' and MSNBC's ''[[Morning Joe]]'' combined. The same Fox News article said that the [[Fox Business Network]] also had its highest-rated quarter in history and that Fox News finished March as the highest-rated network in cable for the 45th consecutive month.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Flood |first1=Brian |title=Fox News Channel ratings for first quarter of 2020 are the highest in network history |date=March 31, 2020 |url=https://www.foxnews.com/media/fox-news-ratings-2020-best-history |publisher=Fox News |access-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-date=January 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102132549/https://www.foxnews.com/media/fox-news-ratings-2020-best-history |url-status=live }}</ref>
According to the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' on August 19, 2020: "Fox News Channel had six of last week's 11 highest-rated prime-time programs to finish first in the network ratings race for the third time since June" 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2020-08-19/tv-ratings-aug-10-16-week-2020|title=Fox News Channel wins the ratings race again|date=August 19, 2020|website=Los Angeles Times|access-date=August 26, 2020|archive-date=January 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111000036/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2020-08-19/tv-ratings-aug-10-16-week-2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
A [[Morning Consult]] survey the week after [[Election Day (United States)|Election Day]] 2020 showed 30 percent of Republicans in the United States had an unfavorable opinion of Fox News, while 54 percent of Republicans viewed the network favorably, compared to 67 percent before the election. A [[McClatchy]] news story suggested criticism from Donald Trump as a major reason, as well as the network's early calling of [[Arizona]] for [[Joe Biden]], and later joining other networks in declaring Biden the winner of the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 election]].<ref name=Herald/>
Ratings were also down for Fox News. Although it remained ahead of other networks overall, its morning show fell out of first place for the first time since 2001. Trump recommended [[OANN]], which was gaining viewers. [[Newsmax]] was also increasing in popularity.<ref name=Herald>{{cite news |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/national/article247314829.html |title=Fox News popularity slipping among Republicans, poll shows. Where are viewers going? |first=Mike |last=Stunson |date=November 20, 2020 |work=[[Miami Herald]] |via=[[McClatchy]] |access-date=November 21, 2020 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230010346/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/national/article247314829.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
Following a decline in ratings after the [[2020 U.S. presidential election]], in 2021, Fox News regained its lead in cable news ratings ahead of CNN and MSNBC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keveney |first=Bill |date=June 30, 2021 |title=Cable news race: Fox holds onto top spot in ratings after post-election dip |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/06/30/fox-news-leads-ratings-after-falling-behind-cnn-post-election/7801577002/ |access-date=September 5, 2022 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US |archive-date=September 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905000818/https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/06/30/fox-news-leads-ratings-after-falling-behind-cnn-post-election/7801577002/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ellison |first=Sarah |date=December 23, 2021 |title=A year ago, Fox News considered a breakup with Trump. 2021 changed those plans. |language=en-US |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2021/12/23/fox-news-trump-ratings-2021-lawsuit/ |access-date=September 5, 2022 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=January 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115203123/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2021/12/23/fox-news-trump-ratings-2021-lawsuit/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Demographics===
As indicated by a 2013 ''New York Times'' article, based on [[Nielsen ratings|Nielsen]] statistics, Fox appears to have a mostly aged demographic.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/23/business/its-viewers-are-graying-but-their-passion-pays-for-fox-news.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/23/business/its-viewers-are-graying-but-their-passion-pays-for-fox-news.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Fox Viewers May Be Graying, but Their Passion Still Pays |first=Bill |last=Carter |date=July 22, 2013 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=October 17, 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In March 2024, Fox was the most watched news network in total day and prime time viewers in primetime, with 2.135 million/1.306 million viewers respectively, compared to MSNBC with A25-54 demo, 1.307 million in primetime and 830,000 in day viewers, and CNN with 601,000 in primetime and 462,000 in day viewers. In the Adults age 25-54 category, Fox also leads with 246,000 in primetime and 158,000 in day viewers, followed by MSNBC with 133,000 viewers in primetime and 86,000 viewers in day, and CNN with 124,000 viewers in primetime and 85,000 in day viewers.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Here Are the Cable News Ratings for March 2024 | last=Mwachiro | first=Mark | url=https://www.adweek.com/tvnewser/here-are-the-cable-news-ratings-for-march-2024/ | work=Ad Week | date=August 16, 2021 | access-date=April 26, 2024 | archive-date=April 26, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213606/https://www.adweek.com/tvnewser/here-are-the-cable-news-ratings-for-march-2024/ | url-status=live }}</ref> According to the same Nielsen analysis, MSNBC is the second most watched news network.
In 2008, in the 25–54 age group, Fox News had an average of 557,000 viewers, but dropped to 379,000 in 2013 while increasing its overall audience from 1.89 million in 2010 to 2.02 million in 2013. The median age of a prime-time viewer was 68 {{as of|2015|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/04/business/dealbook/fox-scandals-may-weaken-murdochs-tv-future.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/04/business/dealbook/fox-scandals-may-weaken-murdochs-tv-future.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Fox Scandals May Weaken Murdochs' TV Future |last1=Saba |first1=Jennifer |date=April 4, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=April 12, 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A 2019 [[Pew Research Center]] survey showed that among those who named Fox News as their main source for political news, 69% are aged 50 or older.<ref name="Grieco-2020">{{Cite web|last=Grieco|first=Elizabeth|date=April 1, 2020|title=Americans' main sources for political news vary by party and age|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/01/americans-main-sources-for-political-news-vary-by-party-and-age/|access-date=October 3, 2020|website=Pew Research Center|archive-date=December 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203190557/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/01/americans-main-sources-for-political-news-vary-by-party-and-age/|url-status=live}}</ref>
According to a 2013 [[Gallup (company)|Gallup]] poll, 94% of Fox viewers "either identify as or lean Republican".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/163412/americans-main-source-news.aspx |title=TV Is Americans' Main Source of News |first=Lydia |last=Saad |date=July 8, 2013 |work=Gallup |access-date=August 10, 2018 |quote=Two-thirds of core Fox News viewers identify themselves as Republican, and 94% either identify as or lean Republican. |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230053028/https://news.gallup.com/poll/163412/americans-main-source-news.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> The 2019 Pew survey showed that among people who named Fox News as their main source for political and election news, 93% identify as Republicans. Among the top eight political news sources named by at least 2% of American adults, the results show Fox News and [[MSNBC]] as the two news channels with the most partisan audiences.<ref name="Grieco-2020"/>
==Slogan==
Fox News Channel originally used the slogan "Fair and Balanced", which was coined by network co-founder Roger Ailes while the network was being established. ''[[The New York Times]]'' described the slogan as being a "blunt signal that Fox News planned to counteract what Mr. Ailes and many others viewed as a [[liberal bias]] ingrained in television coverage by establishment news networks".<ref name="nyt-fairandbalanced">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/14/business/media/fox-news-fair-and-balanced.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/14/business/media/fox-news-fair-and-balanced.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Fox News Drops 'Fair and Balanced' Motto |first=Michael M. |last=Grynbaum |date=June 14, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=June 15, 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="salon-fairandbalanced">{{cite web |url=http://www.salon.com/2017/06/15/fox-news-no-longer-fair-or-balanced-right-wing-network-sheds-longtime-slogan/ |title=Fox News no longer "fair and balanced" as network sheds longtime slogan |first=Matthew |last=Sheffield |date=June 15, 2017 |website=Salon |access-date=June 16, 2017 |archive-date=December 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210144019/https://www.salon.com/2017/06/15/fox-news-no-longer-fair-or-balanced-right-wing-network-sheds-longtime-slogan/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In a 2013 interview with [[Peter Robinson (speechwriter)|Peter Robinson]] of the [[Hoover Institution]], Rupert Murdoch defended the company's "Fair and Balanced" slogan, saying, "In fact, you'll find just as many Democrats as Republicans on and so on".<ref>{{cite news |title=Rupert Murdoch discusses the future of journalism |url=https://www.hoover.org/research/rupert-murdoch-discusses-future-journalism |website=Hoover Institution |access-date=September 3, 2020 |archive-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031013143/https://www.hoover.org/research/rupert-murdoch-discusses-future-journalism |url-status=live }}</ref>
In August 2003, [[Fox v. Franken|Fox News sued]] comedian [[Al Franken]] over his use of the slogan as a subtitle for his book, ''[[Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them: A Fair and Balanced Look at the Right]]'', which is critical of Fox News Channel.<ref name="foxsuit">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2003/08/12/three-little-words-fox-news-sues/e77e7fbc-8e95-4ef0-a6b2-57b091b031a5/ |title=Three Little Words: Fox News Sues |last=de Moraes |first=Lisa |date=August 12, 2003 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030205820/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2003/08/12/three-little-words-fox-news-sues/e77e7fbc-8e95-4ef0-a6b2-57b091b031a5/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The lawsuit was dropped three days later, after Judge [[Denny Chin]] refused its request for an [[injunction]]. In his decision, Chin ruled the case was "wholly without merit, both factually and legally". He went on to suggest that Fox News' trademark on the phrase "fair and balanced" could be invalid.<ref name="foxloss">{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/08/22/fox.franken/ |title=Fox News loses attempt to block satirist's book |last=Hirschkorn |first=Phil |date=August 22, 2003 |publisher=CNN |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230013959/http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/08/22/fox.franken/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In December 2003, FNC won a legal battle concerning the slogan, when [[AlterNet]] filed a cancellation petition with the [[United States Patent and Trademark Office]] (USPTO) to have FNC's trademark rescinded as inaccurate. AlterNet included [[Robert Greenwald]]'s documentary film ''Outfoxed'' (2004) as supporting evidence in its case.<ref name="coyle">Coyle, Jake (July 19, 2004). "Advocacy Groups Challenge Fox News Slogan". Associated Press.</ref> After losing early motions, AlterNet withdrew its petition; the USPTO dismissed the case.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ttabvue.uspto.gov/ttabvue/ttabvue-92042790-CAN-1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113041920/http://ttabvue.uspto.gov/ttabvue/ttabvue-92042790-CAN-1.pdf |archive-date=January 13, 2016 |url-status=live |title=Cancellation Petition |date=December 22, 2003 |website=[[Trademark Trial and Appeal Board]] |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref> In 2008, FNC used the slogan "We Report, You Decide", referring to "You Decide 2008" (FNC's original slogan for its coverage of election issues).
In August 2016, Fox News Channel began to quietly phase out the "Fair and Balanced" slogan in favor of "Most Watched, Most Trusted"; when these changes were reported in June 2017 by [[Gabriel Sherman]] (a writer who had written a biography on Ailes), a network executive said the change "has nothing to do with programming or editorial decisions". It was speculated by media outlets that Fox News Channel was wishing to distance itself from Ailes' tenure at the network.<ref name="nyt-fairandbalanced"/><ref name="salon-fairandbalanced"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-40289497 |title=Fox News drops 'fair and balanced' slogan without announcement |work=BBC News |date=June 15, 2017 |access-date=June 15, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230112459/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-40289497 |url-status=live }}</ref> In March 2018, the network introduced a new ad campaign, ''Real News. Real Honest Opinion.'' The ad campaign is intended to promote the network's opinion-based programming and counter perceptions surrounding "[[fake news]]".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/fox-news-debuts-new-slogan-real-news-real-honest-opinion |title=Fox News Debuts New Slogan: 'Real News. Real Honest Opinion.' |date=March 12, 2018 |website=The Daily Beast |access-date=March 14, 2018 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230135034/https://www.thedailybeast.com/fox-news-debuts-new-slogan-real-news-real-honest-opinion |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/377926-fox-news-launches-new-ad-campaign-real-news-real-honest-opinion/ |title=Fox News launching new ad campaign: 'Real news. Real honest opinion' |last=Balluck |first=Kyle |date=March 12, 2018 |website=The Hill |access-date=March 14, 2018 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230041510/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/377926-fox-news-launches-new-ad-campaign-real-news-real-honest-opinion |url-status=live }}</ref>
In mid-November 2020, following the election, Fox News began to use the slogan "Standing Up For What's Right" to promote its primetime lineup.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 18, 2020|title=Fox News says new campaign, 'Standing Up For What's Right,' is not a reaction to Trump's tirades|url=https://adage.com/article/media/fox-news-says-new-campaign-standing-whats-right-not-reaction-trumps-tirades/2295666|access-date=December 11, 2020|website=Advertising Age|archive-date=December 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205232413/https://adage.com/article/media/fox-news-says-new-campaign-standing-whats-right-not-reaction-trumps-tirades/2295666|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Content==
===Benghazi attack and aftermath===
{{Further|2012 Benghazi attack}}
Fox News provided extensive coverage of the [[2012 Benghazi attack]], which host Sean Hannity described in December 2012 as "the story that the mainstream media ignores" and "obviously, a cover-up. And we will get to the bottom of it."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2017/11/09/why-has-fox-news-abandoned-benghazi/ |title=Opinion – Why has Fox News abandoned Benghazi? |last=Wemple |first=Erik |date=November 9, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=August 2, 2018 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030171049/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2017/11/09/why-has-fox-news-abandoned-benghazi/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Programming analysis by media watchdog [[Media Matters]], which has declared a "War on Fox News", found that during the twenty months following the Benghazi attacks, FNC ran 1,098 segments on the issue, including:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2014/09/16/report-foxs-benghazi-obsession-by-the-numbers/200694 |title=Report: Fox's Benghazi Obsession By The Numbers |first1=Rob |last1=Savillo |first2=Hannah |last2=Groch-Begley |date=September 9, 2014 |website=[[Media Matters]] |access-date=August 2, 2018 |archive-date=July 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726144045/https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2014/09/16/report-foxs-benghazi-obsession-by-the-numbers/200694 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* 478 segments involving Susan Rice's September 16, 2012, Sunday news show appearances, during which she was falsely accused of lying
* 382 segments on ''[[Special Report (TV program)|Special Report]]'', the network's flagship news program
* 281 segments alleging a "cover-up" by the Obama administration
* 144 interviews of GOP members of Congress, but five interviews of Democratic members of Congress and Obama administration officials
* 120 comparisons to [[Iran-Contra]], [[Watergate]], and the actions of the Nixon administration
* 100 segments falsely suggesting the administration issued a "stand-down order" to prevent a rescue operation in Benghazi
Over nearly four years after the Benghazi attack, there were [[Investigation into the 2012 Benghazi attack|ten official investigations]], including six by Republican-controlled House committees. None of the investigations found any evidence of scandal, cover-up or lying by Obama administration officials.
===Uranium One===
{{Further|Uranium One controversy}}
From 2015 into 2018, Fox News broadcast extensive coverage of an alleged scandal surrounding the sale of [[Uranium One]] to Russian interests, which host Sean Hannity characterized as "one of the biggest scandals in American history".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://insider.foxnews.com/2017/10/25/hannity-uranium-one-deal-was-biggest-scandal-american-history-nda-lifted-informant |title=Hannity: Uranium One Deal 'One of the Biggest Scandals in American History' |date=October 26, 2017 |publisher=Fox News |access-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803074024/http://insider.foxnews.com/2017/10/25/hannity-uranium-one-deal-was-biggest-scandal-american-history-nda-lifted-informant |url-status=live }}</ref> According to Media Matters, the Fox News coverage extended throughout the programming day, with particular emphasis by Hannity.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2017/11/09/study-fox-spent-nearly-12-hours-pushing-uranium-one-pseudoscandal-over-last-three-weeks/218475 |title=Study: Fox spent nearly 12 hours pushing the Uranium One pseudoscandal over the last three weeks |first=Matt |last=Gertz |date=November 8, 2017 |website=Media Matters |access-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803044454/https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2017/11/09/study-fox-spent-nearly-12-hours-pushing-uranium-one-pseudoscandal-over-last-three-weeks/218475 |url-status=live }}</ref> The network promoted an ultimately unfounded narrative asserting that, as Secretary of State, [[Hillary Clinton]] personally approved the Uranium One sale in exchange for $145 million in bribes paid to the [[Clinton Foundation]]. [[Donald Trump]] repeated these allegations as a candidate and as president.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://factba.se/search#%22uranium+one%22 |title=Donald Trump Complete – Search Tweets, Speeches, Policies |website=Factbase |date=April 16, 2018 |access-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-date=December 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210205739/https://factba.se/search#%22uranium+one%22 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="WPFoxdebunk">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/11/15/fox-news-shepherd-smith-debunks-his-networks-hillary-clinton-scandal-story-infuriates-viewers/ |title=Fox News's Shepard Smith debunks his network's favorite Hillary Clinton 'scandal,' infuriates viewers |first=Fred |last=Barbash |date=November 15, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-date=November 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115060241/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/11/15/fox-news-shepherd-smith-debunks-his-networks-hillary-clinton-scandal-story-infuriates-viewers/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7A9EV64aX_Q | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/7A9EV64aX_Q| archive-date=December 11, 2021 | url-status=live|title=Fox News Reports: Sean Hannity Is a Liar |author=fb |date=November 15, 2017 |via=YouTube |access-date=August 3, 2018}}{{cbignore}}</ref> No evidence of wrongdoing by Clinton had been found after four years of allegations, an FBI investigation, and the 2017 appointment of a Federal attorney to evaluate the investigation. In November 2017, Fox News host [[Shepard Smith]] concisely debunked the alleged scandal, infuriating viewers who suggested he should work for CNN or MSNBC.<ref name="WPFoxdebunk"/> Hannity later called Smith "clueless", while Smith stated: "I get it, that some of our opinion programming is there strictly to be entertaining. I get that. I don't work there. I wouldn't work there."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/television/shepard-smith-fox-news-trump-sean-hannity-20180316.html |title=Fox News fight: Shepard Smith, Sean Hannity trade insults |first=Rob |last=Tornoe |date=March 16, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |access-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803044423/http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/television/shepard-smith-fox-news-trump-sean-hannity-20180316.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediaite.com/tv/shepard-smith-calls-out-fox-news-opinion-programming-those-shows-exist-strictly-to-be-entertaining/ |title=Shepard Smith on Fox News 'Opinion Programming': Shows Exist 'Strictly to Be Entertaining' |first=Caleb |last=Ecarma |date=March 15, 2018 |website=Mediaite.com |access-date=August 3, 2018 |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111201600/https://www.mediaite.com/tv/shepard-smith-calls-out-fox-news-opinion-programming-those-shows-exist-strictly-to-be-entertaining/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Pro-Republican and pro-Trump bias===
Fox News has been described as [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]] media,<ref name="DellaVigna-2007">{{cite journal|last1=DellaVigna|first1=Stefano|last2=Kaplan|first2=Ethan|date=August 1, 2007|title=The Fox News Effect: Media Bias and Voting|journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics|volume=122|issue=3|pages=1187–1234|citeseerx=10.1.1.333.4616|doi=10.1162/qjec.122.3.1187|issn=0033-5533|s2cid=16610755}}</ref><ref name="Azari-2016">{{Cite journal |last=Azari |first=Julia |author-link=Julia Azari |year=2016 |title=How the News Media Helped to Nominate Trump |journal=[[Political Communication (journal)|Political Communication]] |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=678–679 |doi=10.1080/10584609.2016.1224417 |s2cid=151773937 |quote=It makes sense to consider whether conservative media (namely, Fox News) function in this institutional capacity.}}</ref> and as providing [[Media bias|biased reporting]] in favor of conservative political positions,<ref name="Berry 2014">{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-outrage-industry-9780199928972 |title=The Outrage Industry: Political Opinion Media and the New Incivility |last1=Berry |first1=Jeffrey M. |last2=Sobieraj |first2=Sarah |date=2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19992-897-2 |___location=Oxford, New York |pages=110–111 |quote=As trade publication Broadcasting & Cable put it, Fox has created 'a clear and strong brand, and an unwavering commitment to stick with it. Viewers, advertisers and cable operators all know what they're getting.' 'Unwavering' is apt; no matter how much it is criticized for the ideological nature of its content, Fox remains unbowed. It continues to deliver a strong conservative perspective throughout its programming ... over the years Fox has actually moved further to the right. |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229171814/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-outrage-industry-9780199928972?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=http://www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/15571.html |title=Messengers of the Right: Conservative Media and the Transformation of American Politics |last=Hemmer |first=Nicole |author-link=Nicole Hemmer |date=2016 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-81222-430-6 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230090916/https://www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/15571.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Rydgren-2018">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XD9FDwAAQBAJ&q=fox+news&pg=PA269 |title=The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right |last=Rydgren |first=Jens |date=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19027-455-9 |page=273 |quote=The way the conservative media, especially Fox News, reported on the initial Tea Party demonstrations illuminates the momentum the media can give to a start-up movement. Fox became an amplifier of Tea Party activism and rhetoric, giving national momentum to its predominantly local demonstrations. |access-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522100455/https://books.google.com/books?id=XD9FDwAAQBAJ&q=fox+news&pg=PA269#v=snippet&q=fox%20news&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]],<ref name="LaMonica2009">{{cite book |title=Inside Rupert's Brain |first=Paul |last=La Monica |publisher=Peter Lang |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-10101-659-6 |page=5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Benkler |first1=Yochai |last2=Faris |first2=Robert |last3=Roberts |first3=Hal |date=November 29, 2018 |title=The Fox Diet |doi=10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19092-366-2 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=http://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/28351/1/9780190923624.pdf |access-date=August 23, 2020 |archive-date=August 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807211535/https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/28351/9780190923624.pdf?sequence=1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Grossmann |first1=Matt |last2=Hopkins |first2=David A. |date=February 27, 2019 |title=From Fox News to Viral Views: The Influence of Ideological Media in the 2018 Elections |journal=The Forum |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=547–567 |doi=10.1515/for-2018-0037 |s2cid=150481237 |issn=1540-8884}}</ref> and President Donald Trump.<ref name="Kludt-2018">{{Cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/02/28/media/fox-news-jared-kushner-security-clearance/index.html |title=Fox News has avoided talking about Jared Kushner's security clearance |last=Kludt |first=Tom |date=February 28, 2018 |work=CNN Money |access-date=February 28, 2018 |quote=The network claims a uniquely powerful role in the pro-Trump echo chamber, setting the agenda for both the president and his millions of supporters. In this vein, Trump is rarely cast in an unfavorable light and the so called 'mainstream media' draws little praise. Bad news, like the one surrounding Kushner, routinely gets glossed over. |archive-date=April 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403070519/https://money.cnn.com/2018/02/28/media/fox-news-jared-kushner-security-clearance/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Schwartz-2017b">{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/21/mark-levin-fox-trump-host-255549 |title=Fox adds another pro-Trump host |first=Jason |last=Schwartz |date=November 21, 2017 |website=Politico |access-date=November 22, 2017 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229225437/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/21/mark-levin-fox-trump-host-255549 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Benkler 08232020">{{Cite book |last1=Benkler |first1=Yochai |last2=Faris |first2=Robert |last3=Roberts |first3=Hal |date=November 29, 2018 |title=Epistemic Crisis |doi=10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19092-366-2 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=http://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/28351/1/9780190923624.pdf |access-date=August 23, 2020 |archive-date=August 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807211535/https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/28351/9780190923624.pdf?sequence=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> Political scientist Jonathan Bernstein described Fox News as an expanded part of the Republican Party.<ref name="Grossman-2016"/> Political scientists Matt Grossmann and David A. Hopkins wrote that Fox News helped "Republicans communicate with their base and spread their ideas, and they have been effective in mobilizing voters to participate in midterm elections (as in 2010 and 2014)."<ref name="Grossman-2016"/> Prior to 2000, Fox News lacked an ideological tilt, and had more Democrats watch the channel than Republicans.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/asymmetric-politics-9780190626600?cc=is&lang=en& |title=Asymmetric Politics: Ideological Republicans and Group Interest Democrats |last1=Grossman |first1=Matt |last2=Hopkins |first2=David A. |date=October 13, 2016 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19062-660-0 |___location=Oxford, New York |pages=158–159 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=October 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028153405/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/asymmetric-politics-9780190626600?cc=is&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref> During the [[2004 United States presidential election]], Fox News was markedly more hostile in its coverage of Democratic presidential nominee [[John Kerry]], and distinguished itself among cable news outlets for heavy coverage of the [[Swiftboating|Swift Boat smear campaign]] against Kerry.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/echo-chamber-9780195398601 |title=Echo Chamber: Rush Limbaugh and the Conservative Media Establishment |last1=Jamieson |first1=Kathleen Hall |last2=Cappella |first2=Joseph N. |date=February 4, 2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19539-860-1 |___location=Oxford, New York |page=5 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=June 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612104608/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/echo-chamber-9780195398601?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Major |first1=Mark |last2=Andersen |first2=David J. |date=October 27, 2016 |title=Polls and Elections: Swift Boating Reconsidered: News Coverage of Negative Presidential Ads |journal=Presidential Studies Quarterly |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=891–910 |doi=10.1111/psq.12324 |issn=0360-4918|url=https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1279943 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Skinner |first=Richard M. |date=January 10, 2005 |title=Do 527's Add Up to a Party? Thinking About the 'Shadows' of Politics |journal=The Forum |volume=3 |issue=3 |doi=10.2202/1540-8884.1098 |s2cid=145781626 |issn=1540-8884}}</ref> During President Obama's first term in office, Fox News helped launch and amplify the [[Tea Party movement]], a conservative movement within the Republican Party that organized protests against Obama and his policies.{{refn|<ref name="Skocpol-2016"/><ref name="Rydgren-2018"/><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-outrage-industry-9780199928972 |title=The Outrage Industry: Political Opinion Media and the New Incivility |last1=Berry |first1=Jeffrey M. |last2=Sobieraj |first2=Sarah |date=2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19992-897-2 |___location=Oxford, New York |pages=156–160 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229171814/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-outrage-industry-9780199928972?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Grossman-2016b">{{cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/asymmetric-politics-9780190626600 |title=Asymmetric Politics: Ideological Republicans and Group Interest Democrats |last1=Grossman |first1=Matt |last2=Hopkins |first2=David A. |date=October 13, 2016 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19062-660-0 |___location=Oxford, New York |pages=178–179 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=May 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518134531/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/asymmetric-politics-9780190626600?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.routledge.com/Crashing-the-Tea-Party-Mass-Media-and-the-Campaign-to-Remake-American/Street-Dimaggio/p/book/9781315635408 |title=Crashing the Tea Party: Mass Media and the Campaign to Remake American Politics |first1=Paul |last1=Street |first2=Anthony R. |last2=Dimaggio |date=2015 |publisher=Routledge |___location=London, UK |pages=139–141 |isbn=978-1-31563-540-8 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230094241/https://www.routledge.com/Crashing-the-Tea-Party-Mass-Media-and-the-Campaign-to-Remake-American/Street-Dimaggio/p/book/9781315635408 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.routledge.com/Understanding-the-Tea-Party-Movement/Dyke-Meyer/p/book/9781315549088 |title=Understanding the Tea Party Movement |editor-first1=David S. |editor-last1=Meyer |editor-first2=Nella |editor-last2=Van Dyke |date=2014 |publisher=Routledge |___location=London, UK |pages=41–42 |isbn=978-1-31554-908-8 |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111155958/https://www.routledge.com/Understanding-the-Tea-Party-Movement/Dyke-Meyer/p/book/9781315549088 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/populism-a-very-short-introduction-9780190234874 |title=Populism: A Very Short Introduction |last1=Mudde |first1=Cas |last2=Kaltwasser |first2=Cristóbal Rovira |date=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19023-487-4 |series=Very Short Introductions |___location=Oxford, New York |page=114 |access-date=May 20, 2018 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229172732/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/populism-a-very-short-introduction-9780190234874?cc=pl&lang=en |url-status=live }}</ref>}} In the 2004 documentary ''[[Outfoxed]]'', four people identified as former employees said that Fox News made them "slant the news in favor of conservatives".<ref name="Memmott">{{cite news |last=Memmott |first=Mark |date=September 2, 2004 |title=Fox newspeople say allegations of bias unfounded |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/nation/president/2004-09-01-fox-news_x.htm |url-status=live |access-date=August 15, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513140211/http://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/nation/president/2004-09-01-fox-news_x.htm |archive-date=May 13, 2011}}</ref> Fox News said that the film misrepresented the employment of these employees.<ref name="foxr1">{{cite news |title=FOX News Channel Statement on 'Outfoxed' |website=Foxnews.com |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,125436,00.html |access-date=January 23, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927182708/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,125436,00.html |archive-date=September 27, 2006}}</ref>
During the [[2016 Republican Party presidential primaries|Republican primaries]], Fox News was perceived as trying to prevent Trump from clinching the nomination.<ref name="Azari-2016"/> Under Trump's presidency, Fox News remade itself into his image, as hardly any criticism of Trump could be heard on Fox News' prime-time shows.<ref name="Schwartz-2017b"/><ref name="Schwartz-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/09/fox-news-trump-presidency-244712 |title=Fox, facing new competitors, clings tighter to Trump |first=Jason |last=Schwartz |date=November 9, 2017 |website=Politico |access-date=November 9, 2017 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229224423/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/09/fox-news-trump-presidency-244712 |url-status=live }}</ref> In Fox News' news reporting, the network dedicated far more coverage to Hillary Clinton-related stories, which critics argued was intended to deflect attention from the investigation into [[Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections]].<ref name="Schwartz-2017"/> Trump provided significant access to Fox News during his presidency, giving 19 interviews to the channel while only 6 in total to other news channels by November 2017; ''[[The New York Times]]'' described Trump's Fox News interviews as "softball interviews" and some of the interviewers' interview styles as "fawning".<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/10/arts/television/president-trump-finds-his-tv-niche-in-softball-interviews.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/10/arts/television/president-trump-finds-his-tv-niche-in-softball-interviews.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=President Trump Finds His TV Niche in Softball Interviews |last=Poniewozik |first=James |date=November 10, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=November 10, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In July 2018, ''[[The Economist]]'' has described the network's coverage of Trump's presidency as "reliably fawning".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2018/07/30/donald-trumps-attacks-on-the-media-may-have-backfired |title=Donald Trump's attacks on the media may have backfired |date=July 30, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230054949/https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2018/07/30/donald-trumps-attacks-on-the-media-may-have-backfired |url-status=live }}</ref> From 2015 to 2017, the Fox News prime-time lineup changed from being skeptical and questioning of Trump to a "Trump safe space, with a dose of [[Bannonist]] populism once considered on the fringe".<ref name="Grynbaum-2017b"/> The Fox News website has also become more extreme in its rhetoric since Trump's election; according to [[Columbia University]]'s Tow Center for Digital Journalism, the Fox News website has "gone a little ''[[Breitbart]]''" over time.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/12/23/fox-news-website-breitbart-312326 |title=Fox News website beefs up and 'goes a little Breitbart' |first=Jason |last=Schwartz |date=December 23, 2017 |work=Politico |access-date=December 23, 2017 |archive-date=December 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207225027/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/12/23/fox-news-website-breitbart-312326 |url-status=live }}</ref> At the start of 2018, Fox News mostly ignored high-profile scandals in the Trump administration which received ample coverage in other national media outlets, such as White House Staff Secretary [[Rob Porter]]'s resignation amid domestic abuse allegations, the downgrading of [[Jared Kushner]]'s security clearance, and the existence of a [[non-disclosure agreement]] between Trump and the porn star [[Stormy Daniels]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/03/08/media/pro-trump-media-stormy-daniels/index.html |title=Pro-Trump media sweeps Stormy Daniels story under rug |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=March 8, 2018 |work=CNN Money |access-date=March 8, 2018 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230051956/https://money.cnn.com/2018/03/08/media/pro-trump-media-stormy-daniels/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In March 2019, [[Jane Mayer]] reported in ''[[The New Yorker]]'' that Fox News.com reporter [[Diana Falzone]] had the story of the [[Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal]] before the 2016 election, but that Fox News executive [[Ken LaCorte]] told her: "Good reporting, kiddo. But Rupert [Murdoch] wants Donald Trump to win. So just let it go." The story was killed; LaCorte denied making the statement to Falzone, but conceded: "I was the person who made the call. I didn't run it upstairs to Roger Ailes or others. ... I didn't do it to protect Donald Trump." She added that "[Falzone] had put up a story that just wasn't anywhere close to being something I was comfortable publishing." [[Nik Richie]], who claimed to be one of the sources for the story, called LaCorte's account "complete bullshit", adding that "Fox News was culpable. I voted for Trump, and I like Fox, but they did their own '[[catch and kill]]' on the story to protect him."<ref name="auto1">{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/03/11/the-making-of-the-fox-news-white-house |title=The Making of the Fox News White House |first=Jane |last=Mayer |date=March 4, 2019 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211045411/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/03/11/the-making-of-the-fox-news-white-house |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mediaite.com/online/former-head-of-foxnews-com-denies-trump-porn-star-story-was-ignored-easy-call-to-make/ |title=Former Head of FoxNews.Com Denies Trump-Porn Star Story Was Ignored: 'Easy Call to Make' |first=Aidan |last=McLaughlin |date=January 18, 2018 |website=Mediaite.com |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230125534/https://www.mediaite.com/online/former-head-of-foxnews-com-denies-trump-porn-star-story-was-ignored-easy-call-to-make/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
A 2008 study found Fox News gave disproportionate attention to polls suggesting low approval for President [[Bill Clinton]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Groeling |first=Tim |date=December 1, 2008 |title=Who's the Fairest of them All? An Empirical Test for Partisan Bias on ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox News |journal=Presidential Studies Quarterly |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=631–657 |doi=10.1111/j.1741-5705.2008.02668.x |issn=1741-5705}}</ref> A 2009 study found Fox News was less likely to pick up stories that reflected well on Democrats, and more likely to pick up stories that reflected well on Republicans.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Baum |first1=Matthew A. |last2=Groeling |first2=Tim |year=2009 |title=Shot by the Messenger: Partisan Cues and Public Opinion regarding National Security and War |jstor=40213343 |journal=[[Political Behavior]] |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=157–186|doi=10.1007/s11109-008-9074-9 |s2cid=2429644 }}</ref> A 2010 study comparing Fox News Channel's ''Special Report With Brit Hume'' and NBC's ''[[NBC Nightly News|Nightly News]]'' coverage of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan during 2005 concluded "Fox News was much more sympathetic to the administration than NBC", suggesting "if scholars continue to find evidence of a partisan or ideological bias at FNC ... they should consider Fox as alternative, rather than mainstream, media".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Aday|first=Sean|date=February 25, 2010|title=Chasing the Bad News: An Analysis of 2005 Iraq and Afghanistan War Coverage on NBC and Fox News Channel|journal=Journal of Communication|volume=60|issue=1|pages=144–164|doi=10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01472.x|issn=0021-9916}}</ref>
Research finds that Fox News increases Republican vote shares and makes Republican politicians more partisan.<ref name="Martin-2017">{{Cite journal |last1=Martin |first1=Gregory J. |last2=Ali |first2=Yurukoglu |year=2017 |title=Bias in Cable News: Persuasion and Polarization |journal=American Economic Review |volume=107 |issue=9 |pages=2565–2599 |doi=10.1257/aer.20160812 |s2cid=152704098 |issn=0002-8282 |url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w20798.pdf |doi-access=free |access-date=August 29, 2019 |archive-date=August 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806185534/https://www.nber.org/papers/w20798.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Clinton-2014">{{Cite journal |last1=Clinton |first1=Joshua D. |last2=Enamorado |first2=Ted |date=October 1, 2014 |title=The National News Media's Effect on Congress: How Fox News Affected Elites in Congress |journal=The Journal of Politics |volume=76 |issue=4 |pages=928–943 |doi=10.1017/S0022381614000425 |s2cid=31934930 |issn=0022-3816|citeseerx=10.1.1.720.6672 }}</ref><ref name="Schroeder-2015">{{cite journal|last1=Schroeder|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Stone|first2=Daniel F.|date=June 1, 2015|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272715000523|title=Fox News and Political Knowledge|journal=Journal of Public Economics|volume=126|pages=52–63|doi=10.1016/j.jpubeco.2015.03.009|issn=0047-2727|access-date=February 23, 2022|archive-date=February 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225135158/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047272715000523|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref> A 2007 study, using the introduction of Fox News into local markets (1996–2000) as an instrumental variable, found that in the [[2000 United States presidential election|2000 presidential election]] "Republicans gained 0.4 to 0.7 percentage points in the towns that broadcast Fox News", suggesting "Fox News convinced 3 to 28 percent of its viewers to vote Republican, depending on the audience measure".<ref name="DellaVigna-2007"/> These results were confirmed by a 2015 study.<ref name="Schroeder-2015"/> A 2014 study, using the same instrumental variable, found congressional "representatives become less supportive of President Clinton in districts where Fox News begins broadcasting than similar representatives in similar districts where Fox News was not broadcast."<ref name="Clinton-2014"/> Another 2014 paper found Fox News viewing increased Republican vote shares among voters who identified as Republican or independent.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hopkins |first=Daniel J. |date=March 11, 2014 |title=The Consequences of Broader Media Choice: Evidence from the Expansion of Fox News |journal=Quarterly Journal of Political Science |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=115–135 |doi=10.1561/100.00012099 |issn=1554-0626}}</ref> A 2017 study, using channel positions as an instrumental variable, found "Fox News increases Republican vote shares by 0.3 points among viewers induced into watching 2.5 additional minutes per week by variation in position."<ref name="Martin-2017"/> This study used a different methodology for a later period and found an ever bigger effect and impact, leading [[Matthew Yglesias]] to write in the ''[[Political Communication (journal)|Political Communication]]'' academic journal that they "suggest that conventional wisdom may be greatly underestimating the significance of Fox as a factor in American politics."<ref>{{cite journal|last=Yglesias|first=Matthew|date=October 2, 2018|title=The Case for Fox News Studies|journal=Political Communication|volume=35|issue=4|pages=681–683|doi=10.1080/10584609.2018.1477532|s2cid=149869703|issn=1058-4609}}</ref>
Fox News publicly denies it is biased,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/10/26/1098667750250.html |title=News Corp denies Fox News bias |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 26, 2004 |agency=Australian Associated Press |newspaper=The Age |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=January 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104151713/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/10/26/1098667750250.html |url-status=live }}</ref> with Murdoch and Ailes saying to have included Murdoch's statement that Fox has "given room to both sides, whereas only one side had it before".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/5b77af92-548c-11db-901f-0000779e2340.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/5b77af92-548c-11db-901f-0000779e2340.html |archive-date=December 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |title=Interview transcript: Rupert Murdoch and Roger Ailes |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 6, 2006 |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |page=1 |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/5b77af92-548c-11db-901f-0000779e2340.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/5b77af92-548c-11db-901f-0000779e2340.html |archive-date=December 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Interview transcript: Rupert Murdoch and Roger Ailes |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 6, 2006 |website=Financial Times |page=2 |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref> In June 2009,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://video.foxnews.com/v/1007046245001/exclusive-jon-stewart-on-fox-news-sunday/ |title=Exclusive: Jon Stewart on 'Fox News Sunday' |date=June 19, 2011 |website=Fox News Video |access-date=October 20, 2013 |archive-date=November 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129024034/https://video.foxnews.com/v/1007046245001/exclusive-jon-stewart-on-fox-news-sunday/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News host [[Chris Wallace]] said: "I think we are the counter-weight [to NBC News] ... they have a liberal agenda, and we tell the other side of the story."<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2011/06/chris-wallace-jon-stewart-fox |title=Did Chris Wallace Really Say Fox News Isn't Fair and Balanced? |first=David |last=Corn |date=June 20, 2011 |magazine=Mother Jones |access-date=October 20, 2013 |archive-date=April 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409151200/http://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2011/06/chris-wallace-jon-stewart-fox |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://gothamist.com/2011/06/21/video_when_chris_wallace_admitted_f.php |title=Jon Stewart: Chris Wallace Admitted Fox News Was Unbalanced |first=Garth |last=Johnston |date=June 21, 2011 |website=Gothamist |access-date=October 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224183119/http://gothamist.com/2011/06/21/video_when_chris_wallace_admitted_f.php |archive-date=February 24, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theatlanticwire.com/entertainment/2011/06/jon-stewart-dissects-chris-wallaces-fox-news-logic/39049/ |title=Jon Stewart Dissects Chris Wallace's Fox News Logic |first=Erik |last=Hayden |date=June 21, 2011 |website=[[The Atlantic Wire]] |access-date=October 20, 2013 |archive-date=August 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130820150725/http://www.theatlanticwire.com/entertainment/2011/06/jon-stewart-dissects-chris-wallaces-fox-news-logic/39049/ }}</ref> In 2004, [[Robert Greenwald]]'s documentary film ''Outfoxed: Rupert Murdoch's War on Journalism'' argued Fox News had a conservative bias and featured clips from Fox News and internal memos from editorial vice president [[John Moody (journalist)|John Moody]] directing Fox News staff on how to report certain subjects.<ref name="tilting">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A41604-2004Jul10.html |title=Tilting at the Right, Leaning to the Left |last=Kurtz |first=Howard |author-link=Howard Kurtz |date=July 11, 2004 |newspaper=The Washington Post |page=D01 |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=June 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624110236/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A41604-2004Jul10.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ChristiansFackler2015">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7vEvCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33 |title=Media Ethics: Cases and Moral Reasoning |first1=Clifford G. |last1=Christians |first2=Mark |last2=Fackler |first3=Kathy |last3=Richardson |publisher=Routledge |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-317-34652-4 |page=33 |access-date=January 27, 2016 |archive-date=February 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204030242/https://books.google.com/books?id=7vEvCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News' most popular programs such as Sean Hannity and Tucker Carlson do not make any claims to be accurate or fact-checked, and have little to no distinction between news and commentary.<ref name="Austin 2021">{{cite book |editor-last1=Austin |editor-first1=Duke W. |editor-last2=Bowser |editor-first2=Benjamin P. |date=2021 |chapter=Media: Fox News, Racism, and White America in the Age of Trump |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-75232-3_9 |___location= |publisher=Springer Nature |page=137-149 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-75232-3_9 |isbn=9783030752323 |access-date=May 9, 2025 |title=Impacts of Racism on White Americans in the Age of Trump }}</ref>
A leaked memo from Fox News vice president [[Bill Sammon]] to news staff at the height of the [[health care reform in the United States]] debate has been cited as an example of the pro-[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] bias of Fox News. His memo asked the staff to "use the term 'government-run health insurance,' or, when brevity is a concern, 'government option,' whenever possible". The memo was sent shortly after Republican pollster [[Frank Luntz]] advised [[Sean Hannity]] on his Fox show: "If you call it a public option, the American people are split. If you call it the government option, the public is overwhelmingly against it."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/leaked-fox-news-memo-reveals-news-division-told-to-echo-gop-talking-point-2010-12 |title=Leaked Fox News Memo Reveals News Division Told To Echo GOP Talking Point |first=Glynnis |last=MacNicol |date=December 9, 2010 |website=Business Insider |access-date=September 30, 2014 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230100911/https://www.businessinsider.com/leaked-fox-news-memo-reveals-news-division-told-to-echo-gop-talking-point-2010-12 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Surveys suggest Fox News is widely perceived to be ideological. A 2009 Pew survey found Fox News is viewed as the most ideological channel in America, with 47 percent of those surveyed said Fox News is "mostly conservative", 14 percent said "mostly liberal" and 24 percent said "neither". In comparison, [[MSNBC]] had 36 percent identify it as "mostly liberal", 11 percent as "mostly conservative" and 27 percent as "neither". [[CNN]] had 37 percent describe it as "mostly liberal", 11 percent as "mostly conservative" and 33 percent as "neither".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://people-press.org/report/559/ |title=Fox News Viewed as Most Ideological Network |date=October 29, 2009 |website=Pew Research Center |access-date=August 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101106203155/http://people-press.org/report/559/ |archive-date=November 6, 2010 }}</ref> A 2004 [[Pew Research Center]] survey found FNC was cited (unprompted) by 69 percent of national journalists as a conservative news organization.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://people-press.org/report/214/bottom-line-pressures-now-hurting-coverage-say-journalists |title=Bottom-Line Pressures Now Hurting Coverage, Say Journalists: Overview |date=May 23, 2004 |work=Pew Research Center |access-date=September 30, 2014 |archive-date=March 10, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110310053949/http://people-press.org/report/214/bottom-line-pressures-now-hurting-coverage-say-journalists |url-status=live }}</ref> A [[Rasmussen Reports|Rasmussen]] poll found 31 percent of Americans felt Fox News had a conservative bias, and 15 percent that it had a liberal bias. It found 36 percent believed Fox News delivers news with neither a conservative or liberal bias, compared with 37 percent who said [[NPR]] delivers news with no conservative or liberal bias and 32 percent who said the same of CNN.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/current_events/media/americans_see_liberal_media_bias_on_tv_news |title=Americans See Liberal Media Bias on TV News |date=July 13, 2007 |website=Rasmussen Reports |access-date=August 27, 2010 |archive-date=August 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806123116/https://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/current_events/media/americans_see_liberal_media_bias_on_tv_news |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[David Carr (journalist)|David Carr]], media critic for ''[[The New York Times]]'', praised the [[2012 United States presidential election]] results coverage on Fox News for the network's response to Republican adviser and Fox News contributor [[Karl Rove]] challenging its call that [[Barack Obama]] would win Ohio and the election. Fox's prediction was correct. Carr wrote: "Over many months, Fox lulled its conservative base with agitprop: that President Obama was a clear failure, that a majority of Americans saw [[Mitt Romney|[Mitt] Romney]] as a good alternative in hard times, and that polls showing otherwise were politically motivated and not to be believed. But on Tuesday night, the people in charge of Fox News were confronted with a stark choice after it became clear that Mr. Romney had fallen short: was Fox, first and foremost, a place for advocacy or a place for news? In this moment, at least, Fox chose news."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/12/business/media/fox-newss-election-coverage-followed-journalistic-instincts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112094010/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/12/business/media/fox-newss-election-coverage-followed-journalistic-instincts.html |archive-date=November 12, 2012 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=For One Night at Fox, News Tops Agenda |last=Carr |first=David |date=November 11, 2012 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref>
A May 2017 study conducted by [[Harvard University]]'s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy examined coverage of Trump's [[First 100 days of the first Donald Trump presidency|first 100 days]] in office by several major mainstream media outlets including Fox.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/19/trump-press-coverage-sets-new-standard-for-negativity-study.html |title=Trump Press Coverage 'Sets New Standard' for Negativity: Study |last1=Cox |first1=Jeff |date=May 19, 2017 |publisher=[[CNBC]] |access-date=May 24, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230114428/https://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/19/trump-press-coverage-sets-new-standard-for-negativity-study.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It found Trump received 80% negative coverage from the overall media, and received the least negative coverage on Fox – 52% negative and 48% positive.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/may/19/study-trump-press-coverage-new-standard-negativity/ |title=Harvard Agrees: Trump Press Coverage Sets 'New Standard for Negativity' |last1=Richardson |first1=Valerie |date=May 19, 2017 |newspaper=[[The Washington Times]] |access-date=May 24, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230050249/https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/may/19/study-trump-press-coverage-new-standard-negativity/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
On March 14, 2017, [[Andrew Napolitano]], a Fox News commentator, claimed on ''Fox & Friends'' that British intelligence agency [[GCHQ]] had wiretapped Trump on behalf of Barack Obama during the [[2016 United States presidential election]].<ref name="Grynbaum-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/17/business/media/fox-andrew-napolitano-trump.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/17/business/media/fox-andrew-napolitano-trump.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Fox's Andrew Napolitano Stirred the Pot for Trump's British Tempest |last=Grynbaum |first=Michael M. |date=March 17, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=March 21, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/andrew-napolitano-did-obama-spy-on-trump |title=Did Obama spy on Trump? |last=Napolitano |first=Andrew |date=March 16, 2017 |publisher=Fox News |access-date=March 21, 2017 |archive-date=December 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210184805/https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/andrew-napolitano-did-obama-spy-on-trump |url-status=live }}</ref> On March 16, 2017, White House spokesman [[Sean Spicer]] repeated the claim.<ref name="Grynbaum-2017"/> When Trump was questioned about the claim at a news conference, he said "All we did was quote a certain very talented legal mind who was the one responsible for saying that on television. I didn't make an opinion on it."<ref name="Baker-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/17/world/europe/trump-britain-obama-wiretap-gchq.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/17/world/europe/trump-britain-obama-wiretap-gchq.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Trump Offers No Apology for Claim on British Spying |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |last2=Erlanger |first2=Steven |date=March 17, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=March 21, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> On March 17, 2017, [[Shepard Smith]], a Fox News anchor, admitted the network had no evidence that Trump was under surveillance. British officials said the White House was backing off the claim.<ref name="Baker-2017"/> Napolitano was later suspended by Fox News for making the claim.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/hollywood/la-fi-ct-napolitano-fox-news-20170320-story.html |title=Fox News pulls Judge Napolitano over his Trump wiretap claims |last=Battaglio |first=Stephen |date=March 20, 2017 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=March 21, 2017 |issn=0458-3035 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230061245/https://www.latimes.com/business/hollywood/la-fi-ct-napolitano-fox-news-20170320-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In June 2018, Fox News executives instructed producers to head off inappropriate remarks made on the shows aired by the network by hosts and commentators.<ref name="Schwartz-2018">{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/suzanne-scott-fox-panelists-680625 |title=New Fox chief cracks down on inflammatory statements |first=Jason |last=Schwartz |date=June 27, 2018 |website=Politico |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229234918/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/suzanne-scott-fox-panelists-680625 |url-status=live }}</ref> The instructions came after a number of Fox News hosts and guests made incendiary comments about [[Trump administration family separation policy|the Trump administration's policy of separating migrant children from their parents]].<ref name="Schwartz-2018"/> Fox News host [[Laura Ingraham]] had likened the child detention centers that the children were in to "summer camps". Guest [[Corey Lewandowski]] mocked the story of a 10-year-old child with [[Down syndrome]] being separated from her mother; the Fox News host did not address Lewandowski's statement.<ref name="Schwartz-2018"/> Guest [[Ann Coulter]] falsely claimed that the separated children were "child actors"; the Fox News host did not challenge her claim.<ref name="Schwartz-2018"/> In a segment on Trump's alleged use of racial dog whistles, one Fox News contributor told an African-American whom he was debating: "You're out of your cotton-picking mind."<ref name="Schwartz-2018"/>
According to the 2016 book ''Asymmetric Politics'' by political scientists Matt Grossmann and David A. Hopkins, "Fox News tends to raise the profile of scandals and controversies involving Democrats that receive scant attention in other media, such as the [[Bill Ayers 2008 presidential election controversy|relationship between Barack Obama and William Ayers]] ... Hillary Clinton's role in the fatal 2012 attacks on the American consulate in Benghazi, Libya; the [[ATF gunwalking scandal|gun-running scandal known as 'Fast and Furious']]; the business practices of federal loan guarantee recipient [[Solyndra]]; the past activism of Obama White House operative [[Van Jones]]; the 2004 attacks on John Kerry by the [[Swift Boat Veterans for Truth]]; the [[Jeremiah Wright controversy|controversial sermons of Obama's Chicago pastor Jeremiah Wright]]; the [[ACORN 2009 undercover videos controversy|filming of undercover videos of supposed wrongdoing by the liberal activist group ACORN]]; and the 'war on Christmas' supposedly waged every December by secular, multicultural liberals."<ref name="Grossman-2016b"/>
In October 2018, Fox News ran laudatory coverage of a meeting between Trump-supporting rapper [[Kanye West]] and President Trump in the [[Oval Office]]. Fox News had previously run negative coverage of rappers and their involvement with Democratic politicians and causes, such as when Fox News ran headlines describing conscious hip-hop artist [[Common (rapper)|Common]] as "vile" and a "cop-killer rapper", and when Fox News ran negative coverage of Kanye West before he became a Trump supporter.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2018/10/12/fox-swooned-over-kanye-west-white-house-heres-how-it-covered-rappers-visiting-obama/ |title=Fox swooned over Kanye West at the White House. Here's how it covered rappers visiting Obama |first=Eli |last=Rosenberg |date=October 12, 2018 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=October 12, 2018 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112042306/https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2018/10/12/fox-swooned-over-kanye-west-white-house-heres-how-it-covered-rappers-visiting-obama/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
On November 4, 2018, Trump's website, DonaldJTrump.com, announced in a press release that Fox News host Sean Hannity would make a "special guest appearance" with Trump at a midterm campaign rally the following night in [[Cape Girardeau, Missouri]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/04/media/sean-hannity-donald-trump-rally-fox-news/index.html |title='Special Guest' Sean Hannity to appear at Trump rally |first=Brian |last=Stelter |date=November 5, 2018 |publisher=CNN |access-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111152014/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/04/media/sean-hannity-donald-trump-rally-fox-news/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The following morning, Hannity tweeted "To be clear, I will not be on stage campaigning with the President."<ref>{{cite tweet |first=Sean |last=Hannity |user=seanhannity |number=1059476042975535104 |date=November 6, 2018 |title=To be clear... |access-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106045357/https://twitter.com/seanhannity/status/1059476042975535104 |archive-date=November 6, 2018 }}</ref> Hannity appeared at the president's lectern on stage at the rally, immediately mocking the "fake news" at the back of the auditorium, Fox News reporters among them. Several Fox News employees expressed outrage at Hannity's actions, with one stating that "a new line was crossed".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/06/media/fox-news-sean-hannity-jeanine-pirro-trump-rally/index.html |title='It disturbs me to my core': Fox News staffers express outrage over Hannity's rally appearance |first=Oliver |last=Darcy |date=November 6, 2018 |publisher=CNN |access-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-date=January 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107230959/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/06/media/fox-news-sean-hannity-jeanine-pirro-trump-rally/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Hannity later asserted that his action was not pre-planned, and Fox News stated it "does not condone any talent participating in campaign events".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediaite.com/tv/fox-news-responds-hannity-at-trump-rally-we-do-not-condone-this-unfortunate-distraction/ |title=Fox News Responds to Hannity at Trump Rally: We Do 'Not Condone' This 'Unfortunate Distraction' |first=Aidan |last=McLaughlin |date=November 6, 2018 |website=Mediaite.com |access-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-date=January 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109181344/https://www.mediaite.com/tv/fox-news-responds-hannity-at-trump-rally-we-do-not-condone-this-unfortunate-distraction/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News host [[Jeanine Pirro]] also appeared on stage with Trump at the rally. The Trump press release was later removed from Trump's website.<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.donaldjtrump.com/rallies/nov-girardeau-2018/? |title=Rallies |website=DonaldJTrump.com }}{{Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Fox News released a poll of registered voters, jointly conducted by two polling organizations, on June 16, 2019. The poll found some unfavorable results for Trump, including a record high 50% thought the Trump campaign had coordinated with the Russian government, and 50% thought he should be impeached – 43% saying he should also be removed from office – while 48% said they did not favor impeachment.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/fox-news-poll-voters-doubt-impeachment-will-happen |title=Fox News Poll: Voters doubt impeachment will happen |first=Dana |last=Blanton |date=June 14, 2019 |publisher=Fox News |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111161904/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/fox-news-poll-voters-doubt-impeachment-will-happen |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/413536427/Fox-News-Poll-June-16 |title=Fox News Poll, June 16, 2019 |publisher=Fox News |via=Scribd |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230134154/https://www.scribd.com/document/413536427/Fox-News-Poll-June-16 |url-status=live }}</ref> The next morning on ''[[Fox & Friends First]]'', host [[Heather Childers]] twice misrepresented the poll results, stating "a new Fox News poll shows most voters don't want impeachment" and "at least half of U.S. voters do not think President Trump should be impeached," while the on-screen display of the actual poll question was also incorrect. Later that morning on ''[[America's Newsroom]]'', the on-screen display showed the correct poll question and results, but highlighted the 48% of respondents who opposed impeachment rather than the 50% who supported it (the latter being broken-out into two figures). As host [[Bill Hemmer]] drew guest [[Byron York]]'s attention to the 48% opposed figure, they did not discuss the 50% support figure, while the on-screen [[Lower third|chyron]] read: "Fox News Poll: 43% Support Trump's Impeachment and Removal, 48% Oppose."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediaite.com/tv/fox-news-repeatedly-misreports-their-own-poll-showing-50-favor-trump-impeachment/ |title=WATCH: Fox News Lies About Their Own Poll Showing 50 Percent Want Impeachment |first=Tommy |last=Christopher |date=June 17, 2019 |website=Mediaite.com |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230130027/https://www.mediaite.com/tv/fox-news-repeatedly-misreports-their-own-poll-showing-50-favor-trump-impeachment/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Later that day, Trump tweeted: "@FoxNews Polls are always bad for me...Something weird going on at Fox."<ref>{{cite tweet |user=realDonaldTrump |number=1140768516288782336 |title=@FoxNews Polls are always bad for me. They were against Crooked Hillary also. Something weird going on at Fox. |first=Donald J. |last=Trump |date=June 17, 2019 |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref>
In April 2017, it became known that former Obama administration national security advisor [[Susan Rice]] sought the [[Unmasking by U.S. intelligence agencies|unmasking]] of Trump associates who were unidentified in intelligence reports, notably Trump's incoming national security advisor [[Michael Flynn]], during the [[First presidential transition of Donald Trump|presidential transition]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2017-04-03/top-obama-adviser-sought-names-of-trump-associates-in-intel|title=Susan Rice Sought Names of Trump Associates in Intel|date=April 3, 2017|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|access-date=October 14, 2020|archive-date=December 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212173510/https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2017-04-03/top-obama-adviser-sought-names-of-trump-associates-in-intel|url-status=live}}</ref> In May 2020, acting [[Director of National Intelligence]] [[Richard Grenell]], a Trump loyalist, declassified a list of Obama administration officials who had also requested unmasking of Trump associates, which was subsequently publicly released by Republican senators.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/13/us/politics/unmasking-flynn.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513235016/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/13/us/politics/unmasking-flynn.html |archive-date=May 13, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Republicans Release Names of Obama-Era Officials in 'Unmaskings' That Revealed Flynn|first1=Julian E.|last1=Barnes|first2=Charlie|last2=Savage|date=May 13, 2020|work=The New York Times}}</ref> That month, attorney general [[Bill Barr]] appointed federal prosecutor [[John Bash]] to examine the unmaskings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/27/politics/william-barr-unmasking-investigation/index.html|title=Attorney general launches new 'unmasking' investigation around 2016 election|author=David Shortell|date=May 28, 2020|publisher=CNN|access-date=October 14, 2020|archive-date=December 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230115842/https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/27/politics/william-barr-unmasking-investigation/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Fox News primetime hosts declared the unmaskings a "domestic spying operation" for which the Obama administration was "exposed" in the "biggest abuse of power" in American history.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=October 14, 2020 |title=Fox News portrayed it as one of the biggest scandals in American history. Then it fell apart |language=en-US |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/14/media/fox-news-unmasking-obamagate/index.html |access-date=April 19, 2023 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230120345/https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/14/media/fox-news-unmasking-obamagate/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Bash inquiry closed months later with no findings of substantive wrongdoing.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/barr-unmasking-review-no-charges/2020/10/13/0f63fd2e-0d67-11eb-8074-0e943a91bf08_story.html|title='Unmasking' probe commissioned by Barr concludes without charges or any public report|first1=Matt|last1=Zapotosky|first2=Shane|last2=Harris|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=October 14, 2020|archive-date=February 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210012148/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/barr-unmasking-review-no-charges/2020/10/13/0f63fd2e-0d67-11eb-8074-0e943a91bf08_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
However, certain Fox personalities have not had as much of a favorable reception from Trump: news anchors [[Shepard Smith]] (who retired from Fox in 2019) and [[Chris Wallace]] have been criticized by Trump for allegedly being adversarial,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Badkar |first1=Mamta |title=Veteran Fox anchor and Trump critic Shepard Smith steps down |url=https://www.ft.com/content/76f99406-ec63-11e9-85f4-d00e5018f061 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/76f99406-ec63-11e9-85f4-d00e5018f061 |archive-date=December 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 18, 2020 |work=[[Financial Times]] |date=October 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rupar |first1=Aaron |title=Trump's adversarial relationship with presidential debate moderator Chris Wallace, explained |url=https://www.vox.com/2020/9/29/21455848/trump-chris-wallace-fox-news-2020-presidential-debate |access-date=November 18, 2020 |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |date=September 29, 2020 |archive-date=November 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116172858/https://www.vox.com/2020/9/29/21455848/trump-chris-wallace-fox-news-2020-presidential-debate |url-status=live }}</ref> alongside Fox analyst [[Andrew Napolitano]], who said Trump's actions in the [[Trump–Ukraine scandal]] were "both criminal and impeachable behavior".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pengelly |first1=Martin |title=William Barr told Murdoch to 'muzzle' Fox News Trump critic, new book says |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/22/william-barr-rupert-murdoch-muzzle-andrew-napolitano-fox-news-trump-critic-book |access-date=November 18, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=August 22, 2020 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217224843/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/22/william-barr-rupert-murdoch-muzzle-andrew-napolitano-fox-news-trump-critic-book |url-status=live }}</ref> Trump was also critical of the network hiring former [[Democratic National Committee|DNC]] chair [[Donna Brazile]], in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Collins |first1=Terry |title=Trump Rips Into Fox News in Late-Night Twitter Tirade |url=https://fortune.com/2019/07/08/trump-fox-news-brazile-twitter/ |access-date=November 18, 2020 |work=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |date=July 8, 2019 |archive-date=July 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710154550/https://fortune.com/2019/07/08/trump-fox-news-brazile-twitter/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The relationship between Trump and Fox News, as well as other [[Rupert Murdoch]]-controlled outlets, soured following the [[2020 United States presidential election]], as Trump refused to concede that [[Joe Biden]] had been elected [[President-elect of the United States|President-elect]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=McCarthy |first1=Tom |title=Rupert Murdoch-owned US outlets turn on Trump, urging him to act with 'grace' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/nov/07/rupert-murdoch-owned-us-outlets-turn-on-trump-urging-him-to-concede-with-grace |access-date=November 17, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=November 7, 2020 |archive-date=December 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221040304/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/nov/07/rupert-murdoch-owned-us-outlets-turn-on-trump-urging-him-to-concede-with-grace |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Maass |first1=Peter |title=As Trump Is Defeated, the Murdochs Try to Dodge Backlash for Fox News |url=https://theintercept.com/2020/11/06/fox-news-election-trump-murdoch/ |access-date=November 17, 2020 |work=[[The Intercept]] |date=November 9, 2020 |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220233711/https://theintercept.com/2020/11/06/fox-news-election-trump-murdoch/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This negative tonal shift led to increased viewership of [[Newsmax]] and [[One America News]] among Trump and his supporters due to their increased antipathy towards Fox;<ref>{{cite news |title=As the Trump show is cancelled, what next for Fox News? |url=https://www.economist.com/united-states/2020/11/14/as-the-trump-show-is-cancelled-what-next-for-fox-news |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=November 14, 2020 |access-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-date=January 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107192429/https://www.economist.com/united-states/2020/11/14/as-the-trump-show-is-cancelled-what-next-for-fox-news |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Folkenflick |first1=David |title=Analysis: Is Trump's Next Foe Fox News? |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/11/14/932390859/analysis-is-trumps-next-foe-fox-news |access-date=November 17, 2020 |publisher=[[NPR]] |date=November 14, 2020 |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228203237/https://www.npr.org/2020/11/14/932390859/analysis-is-trumps-next-foe-fox-news |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Wilson |first1=Jason |title=OANN: what is the alternative far-right media outlet Trump is pushing? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/nov/16/oann-what-is-tv-network-trump-is-pushing |access-date=November 17, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=November 16, 2020 |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228213837/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/nov/16/oann-what-is-tv-network-trump-is-pushing |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Klein |first1=Charlotte |title=Newsmax Is Going All-in On Trump to Try and "Overtake Fox News" |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2020/11/newsmax-pro-trump-fox-news-competition |access-date=November 17, 2020 |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |date=November 16, 2020 |archive-date=December 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203005249/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2020/11/newsmax-pro-trump-fox-news-competition |url-status=live }}</ref> and as a result, Fox released promotional videos of their opinion hosts disputing the election results, promoting a Trump-affiliated [[conspiracy theory]] about [[voter fraud]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pengelly |first1=Martin |title='Can we have America back?' Fox News video echoes Trump election claims |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/nov/14/fox-news-criticized-for-echoing-baseless-trump-claims-about-election |access-date=November 18, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=November 14, 2020 |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228213843/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/nov/14/fox-news-criticized-for-echoing-baseless-trump-claims-about-election |url-status=live }}</ref> By one measure, Newsmax saw a 497% spike in viewership, while Fox News saw a 38% decline.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2020/12/27/fox-news-viewers-switch-to-newsmax/|title=Why these Fox News loyalists have changed the channel to Newsmax|first=Jeremy|last=Barr|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=January 3, 2021|archive-date=February 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203164407/https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2020/12/27/fox-news-viewers-switch-to-newsmax/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Writing for the [[Poynter Institute for Media Studies]] in February 2021, senior media writer Tom Jones argued that the primary distinction between Fox News and MSNBC is not right bias vs. left bias, but rather that much of the content on Fox News, especially during its primetime programs, "is not based in truth".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jones |first1=Tom |title=No, Fox News and MSNBC are not the same thing |url=https://www.poynter.org/newsletters/2021/no-fox-news-and-msnbc-are-not-the-same-thing/ |publisher=Poynter Institute for Media Studies |date=February 1, 2021 |access-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-date=February 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201123137/https://www.poynter.org/newsletters/2021/no-fox-news-and-msnbc-are-not-the-same-thing/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
The ''[[Tampa Bay Times]]'' reported in August 2021 that it had reviewed four months of emails indicating Fox News producers had coordinated with aides of Florida governor [[Ron DeSantis]] to promote his political prospects by inviting him for frequent network appearances, exchanging talking points and, in one case, helping him to stage an exclusive news event.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2021/08/13/inside-fox-news-desantis-is-the-future-of-the-party-and-hes-taking-advantage/|title=Inside Fox News, DeSantis is 'the future of the party.' And he's taking advantage.|first=Tampa Publishing|last=Company|website=Tampa Bay Times|access-date=August 13, 2021|archive-date=August 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813164210/https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2021/08/13/inside-fox-news-desantis-is-the-future-of-the-party-and-hes-taking-advantage/|url-status=live}}</ref>
In February 2024, Alan Rosenblatt of [[Johns Hopkins University]] said that Fox News "is an entertainment company that has a news division, not a news company", adding that it "not only does not provide that distinction, it goes out of its way to make it difficult to see the difference. They make their opinion programs look like news programs, and they incorporate enough opinion content on their news programs to further that deception."<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Scott |first=Francesca |date=February 2, 2024 |title=Must be exhausting: How Taylor Swift became a target for misinformation |url=https://www.logicallyfacts.com/en/analysis/must-be-exhausting-how-taylor-swift-became-a-target-for-misinformation |access-date=February 4, 2024 |website=[[Logically (company)|Logically]] |language=en |archive-date=February 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202153112/https://www.logicallyfacts.com/en/analysis/must-be-exhausting-how-taylor-swift-became-a-target-for-misinformation |url-status=live }}</ref>
In early 2024, Fox News host [[Jesse Watters]] promoted a conspiracy theory involving [[Taylor Swift]], [[Travis Kelce]], and the [[Democratic Party (United States)|American Democratic party]] in hopes of influencing voters ahead of the [[United States presidential primary|U.S. presidential primary]] season.<ref name="Darcy 2024"/><ref name=":0" />
Fox News has published headlines accusing the [[English Wikipedia]] of having a left-wing and [[socialist]] bias.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |date=June 16, 2022 |title=Inside Wikipedia's Historic, Fiercely Contested "Election" |url=https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |access-date=August 26, 2022 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |language=en |quote=Publications like Fox News and OpIndia have a history of running headlines decrying what they view as Wikipedia's leftist, socialist bias. |archive-date=August 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824123521/https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Coverage of Russia investigation ===
{{Further|Mueller special counsel investigation}}
On October 30, 2017, when special counsel [[Robert Mueller]] indicted [[Paul Manafort]] and [[Rick Gates (political consultant)|Rick Gates]], and revealed [[George Papadopoulos]] had pleaded guilty (all of whom were involved in the Trump 2016 campaign), this was the focus of most media's coverage, except Fox News'.<ref name="Rosenberg-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/10/31/how-conservative-media-reacted-to-the-mueller-indictments/ |title='This is a nothing burger': How conservative media reacted to the Mueller indictments |last=Rosenberg |first=Eli |date=October 31, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=October 31, 2017 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=November 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102134139/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/10/31/how-conservative-media-reacted-to-the-mueller-indictments/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Hosts and guests on Fox News called for Mueller to be fired.<ref name="Rosenberg-2017"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2017/10/30/the-fox-news-cum-murdoch-effect-mueller-must-resign-or-be-fired/ |title=Opinion; The Fox News-Murdoch effect: Mueller must resign! Or be fired! |last=Wemple |first=Erik |date=October 30, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030001442/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2017/10/30/the-fox-news-cum-murdoch-effect-mueller-must-resign-or-be-fired/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Sean Hannity and Tucker Carlson focused their shows on unsubstantiated allegations that Clinton sold uranium to Russia in exchange for donations to the Clinton Foundation and on the Clinton campaign's role in funding the [[Steele dossier]].<ref name="Rosenberg-2017"/><ref name="Kludt-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/10/30/media/fox-news-paul-manafort/index.html |title=How Fox News is covering the toughest day of the Trump presidency |last=Kludt |first=Tom |date=October 30, 2017 |work=CNN Money |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112021409/https://money.cnn.com/2017/10/30/media/fox-news-paul-manafort/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Hannity asserted: "The very thing they are accusing President Trump of doing, they did it themselves."<ref name="Rosenberg-2017"/> During the segment, Hannity mistakenly referred to Clinton as President Clinton.<ref name="Rosenberg-2017"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/sean-hannity-corey-lewandowski-trump-hillary-clinton-administration-2017-10 |title=Trump allies can't stop accidentally referring to Hillary Clinton's nonexistent administration |first=Maxwell |last=Tani |date=October 31, 2017 |work=Business Insider |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=January 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104164203/http://uk.businessinsider.com/sean-hannity-corey-lewandowski-trump-hillary-clinton-administration-2017-10 |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News dedicated extensive coverage to the uranium story, which Democrats said was an attempt to distract from Mueller's intensifying investigation.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/sean-hannity-twitter-robert-mueller-fox-news-2017-10 |title=Fox News host Sean Hannity has Twitter meltdown after report of Robert Mueller's first charges in the Russia probe |first=David |last=Choi |date=October 28, 2017 |work=Business Insider |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=August 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806195027/https://www.businessinsider.com/sean-hannity-twitter-robert-mueller-fox-news-2017-10?r=UK |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/as-mueller-pushes-ahead-trump-distracts |title=As Mueller Pushes Ahead, Trump Distracts |last=Lizza |first=Ryan |date=October 28, 2017 |magazine=The New Yorker |access-date=October 31, 2017 |issn=0028-792X |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230071804/https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/as-mueller-pushes-ahead-trump-distracts |url-status=live }}</ref> CNN described the coverage as "a tour de force in deflection and dismissal".<ref name="Kludt-2017"/> On October 31, CNN reported Fox News employees were dissatisfied with their outlet's coverage of the Russia investigation, with employees calling it an "embarrassment", "laughable", and saying it "does the viewer a huge disservice and further divides the country" and that it is "another blow to journalists at Fox who come in every day wanting to cover the news in a fair and objective way".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/money/2017/10/31/media/fox-news-employees-russia-mueller-coverage/index.html |title='I want to quit': Fox News employees say their network's Russia coverage was 'an embarrassment' |first=Oliver |last=Darcy |date=October 31, 2017 |work=CNN Money |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030165652/https://money.cnn.com/2017/10/31/media/fox-news-employees-russia-mueller-coverage/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/fox-news-employees-russia-mueller-coverage-2017-10 |title='I'm watching now and screaming': Fox News employees anonymously trash the network's Russia coverage |first=Maxwell |last=Tani |date=October 31, 2017 |work=Business Insider |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111031038/https://www.businessinsider.com/fox-news-employees-russia-mueller-coverage-2017-10?r=UK |url-status=live }}</ref>
When the investigation by special counsel Robert Mueller into [[Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election]] intensified in October 2017, the focus of Fox News coverage turned "what they see as the scandal and wrongdoing of President Trump's political opponents. In reports like these, Bill and Hillary Clinton are prominent and recurring characters because they are considered the real conspirators working with the Russians to undermine American democracy."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/03/us/politics/conservative-media-trump-clintons.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/03/us/politics/conservative-media-trump-clintons.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Alternative Narrative Emerges in Conservative Media as Russia Inquiry Widens |last=Peters |first=Jeremy W. |date=November 3, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=November 4, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Paul Waldman of ''The Washington Post'' described the coverage as "No puppet. You're the puppet", saying it was a "careful, coordinated, and comprehensive strategy" to distract from Mueller's investigation.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/plum-line/wp/2017/10/27/the-gop-strategy-on-the-russia-scandal-no-puppet-youre-the-puppet/ |title=Opinion; The GOP strategy on the Russia scandal: 'No puppet. You're the puppet.' |first=Paul |last=Waldman |date=October 27, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=October 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021010632/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/plum-line/wp/2017/10/27/the-gop-strategy-on-the-russia-scandal-no-puppet-youre-the-puppet/ |url-status=live }}</ref> German Lopes of ''[[Vox (website)|Vox]]'' said Fox News' coverage has reached "levels of self-parody" as it dedicated coverage to low-key stories, such as a controversial ''Newsweek'' op-ed and hamburger emojis, while other networks had wall-to-wall coverage of Mueller's indictments.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/10/30/16570198/trump-manafort-indictment-fox-news |title=Trump's former campaign head was indicted and Fox News talked about cheeseburger emojis |first=German |last=Lopez |date=October 30, 2017 |work=Vox |access-date=October 31, 2017 |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225185609/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/10/30/16570198/trump-manafort-indictment-fox-news |url-status=live }}</ref>
A ''[[FiveThirtyEight]]'' analysis of Russia-related media coverage in cable news found most mentions of Russia on Fox News were spoken in close proximity to "uranium" and "dossier".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/all-the-cable-news-networks-are-covering-the-russia-story-just-not-the-same-one/ |title=All The Cable News Networks Are Covering The 'Russia Story'—Just Not The Same One |last=Mehta |first=Dhrumil |date=November 6, 2017 |work=FiveThirtyEight |access-date=November 7, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230104912/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/all-the-cable-news-networks-are-covering-the-russia-story-just-not-the-same-one/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On November 1, 2017, ''Vox'' analyzed the transcripts of Fox News, CNN and MSNBC, and found Fox News "was unable to talk about the Mueller investigation without bringing up Hillary Clinton", "talked significantly less about George Papadopoulos—the Trump campaign adviser whose plea deal with Mueller provides the most explicit evidence thus far that the campaign knew of the Russian government's efforts to help Trump—than its competitors", and "repeatedly called Mueller's credibility into question".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/2017/10/31/16571350/fox-news-mueller-credibility |title=A week of Fox News transcripts shows how they began questioning Mueller's credibility |first=Alvin |last=Chang |date=October 31, 2017 |work=Vox |access-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225185613/https://www.vox.com/2017/10/31/16571350/fox-news-mueller-credibility |url-status=live }}</ref>
In December 2017, Fox News escalated its attacks on the Mueller investigation, with hosts and guest commentators suggesting the investigation amounted to a [[coup]].<ref name="Vernon-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.cjr.org/the_media_today/fox-news-meuller-trump.php |title=The media today: Fox News's intensifying anti-Mueller rhetoric raises concerns |first=Pete |last=Vernon |date=December 18, 2017 |work=[[Columbia Journalism Review]] |access-date=December 18, 2017 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229225926/https://www.cjr.org/the_media_today/fox-news-meuller-trump.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Schmidt-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/12/18/a-coup-in-america-fox-news-escalates-anti-mueller-rhetoric/ |title=A 'coup in America?' Fox News escalates anti-Mueller rhetoric |last=Schmidt |first=Samantha |date=December 18, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=December 18, 2017 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=November 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129232846/https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/12/18/a-coup-in-america-fox-news-escalates-anti-mueller-rhetoric/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/365331-fox-news-faces-backlash-saying-the-us-may-be-facing-a-coup-with-mueller/ |title=Fox News host called 'irresponsible' after suggesting US facing a 'coup' from Mueller |last=Beavers |first=Olivia |date=December 17, 2017 |newspaper=The Hill |access-date=December 18, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230040332/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/365331-fox-news-faces-backlash-saying-the-us-may-be-facing-a-coup-with-mueller |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/12/jesse-watters-says-we-may-have-a-coup-on-our-hands.html |title=Jesse Watters Says We May 'Have a Coup on Our Hands in America' |last=Hart |first=Benjamin |date=December 17, 2017 |work=[[Daily Intelligencer (blog)|Daily Intelligencer]] |access-date=December 18, 2017 |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109042537/http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2017/12/jesse-watters-says-we-may-have-a-coup-on-our-hands.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/12/18/trump-gets-conflicting-advice-about-firing-mueller-from-sean-hannity-and-fox-friends/ |title=Analysis: Trump gets conflicting advice about firing Mueller from Sean Hannity and ''Fox & Friends'' |last=Borchers |first=Callum |date=December 18, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=December 18, 2017 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230082157/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/12/18/trump-gets-conflicting-advice-about-firing-mueller-from-sean-hannity-and-fox-friends/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Guest co-host Kevin Jackson referred to a right-wing conspiracy theory claiming Strzok's messages are evidence of a plot by FBI agents to assassinate Trump, a claim which the other Fox co-hosts quickly said is not supported by any credible evidence.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/365639-fox-news-guest-floats-fbi-assassination-plot-against-trump/ |title=Fox guest floats possibility of FBI assassination plot against Trump |last=Bowden |first=John |date=December 19, 2017 |newspaper=The Hill |access-date=December 19, 2017 |archive-date=December 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214053249/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/365639-fox-news-guest-floats-fbi-assassination-plot-against-trump |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/12/20/fox-news-contributor-channeling-alex-jones-suggests-fbi-plot-to-assassinate-trump/ |title=Fox News contributor, channeling Alex Jones, suggests FBI plot to assassinate Trump |first=Kyle |last=Swenson |date=December 20, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230081536/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/12/20/fox-news-contributor-channeling-alex-jones-suggests-fbi-plot-to-assassinate-trump/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News host Jeanine Pirro called the Mueller investigation team a "criminal cabal" and said the team ought to be arrested.<ref name="Vernon-2017"/> Other Fox News figures referred to the investigation as "corrupt", "crooked", and "illegitimate", and likened the FBI to the KGB, the Soviet-era spy organization that routinely tortured and summarily executed people.<ref name="Schmidt-2017"/> Political scientists and scholars of coups described the Fox News rhetoric as scary and dangerous.<ref name="Schmidt-2017"/> Experts on coups rejected that the Mueller investigation amounted to a coup; rather, the Fox News rhetoric was dangerous to democracy and mirrored the kind of rhetoric that occurs before [[purge]]s.<ref name="Schmidt-2017"/> A number of observers argued the Fox News rhetoric was intended to discredit the Mueller investigation and sway President Donald Trump to fire Mueller.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/146325/trump-sabotaging-russia-investigationwith-fox-news-help |title=Trump Is Sabotaging the Russia Investigation—With Fox News' Help |first=Jeet |last=Heer |date=December 18, 2017 |magazine=[[The New Republic]] |access-date=December 18, 2017 |archive-date=December 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205005201/https://newrepublic.com/article/146325/trump-sabotaging-russia-investigationwith-fox-news-help |url-status=live }}</ref>
In August 2018, Fox News was criticized for giving more prominent coverage of a murder committed by an undocumented immigrant than the convictions of Donald Trump's former campaign manager, Paul Manafort, and his long-term personal attorney, [[Michael Cohen (lawyer)|Michael Cohen]].<ref name="Relman-2018">{{Cite news |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/fox-news-slammed-for-covering-mollie-tibbetts-over-manafort-cohen-convictions-2018-8 |title=Fox News slammed for covering the killing of a college student more prominently than the convictions of 2 top Trump aides |first=Eliza |last=Relman |date=August 21, 2018 |work=Business Insider |access-date=September 20, 2018 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111172521/http://uk.businessinsider.com/fox-news-slammed-for-covering-mollie-tibbetts-over-manafort-cohen-convictions-2018-8 |url-status=live }}</ref> At the same time, most other national mainstream media gave wall-to-wall coverage of the convictions.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thewrap.com/fox-news-slammed-over-thin-cohen-manafort-coverage/ |title=Fox News Slammed for Covering Tooth Fairy Over Paul Manafort, Michael Cohen Convictions |first=Jon |last=Levine |date=August 22, 2018 |work=TheWrap |access-date=September 20, 2018 |archive-date=January 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109202941/https://www.thewrap.com/fox-news-slammed-over-thin-cohen-manafort-coverage/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News hosts Dana Perrino and Jason Chaffetz argued that voters care far more about the murder than the convictions of the President's former top aides, and hosts Tucker Carlson and Sean Hannity downplayed the convictions.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/08/21/tibbetts-murder-resonates-not-manafort-cohen-chaffetz-says/1059394002/ |title=Fox News host says Manafort and Cohen crimes can't sway votes like Tibbetts murder |first=William |last=Cummings |date=August 22, 2018 |newspaper=USA Today |access-date=September 20, 2021 |archive-date=January 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110082159/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/08/21/tibbetts-murder-resonates-not-manafort-cohen-chaffetz-says/1059394002/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Relman-2018"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/fox-news-hosts-wave-off-cohen-plea-deal-as-nothing-that-matters |title=Fox News Hosts Wave Off Cohen Plea as 'Nothing That Matters' |last=Tani |first=Maxwell |date=August 22, 2018 |work=The Daily Beast |access-date=September 20, 2018 |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109041444/https://www.thedailybeast.com/fox-news-hosts-wave-off-cohen-plea-deal-as-nothing-that-matters |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== False claims about other media ===
==== CNN's Jake Tapper ====
In November 2017, following the [[2017 New York City truck attack]] wherein a terrorist shouted "Allahu Akbar", Fox News distorted a statement by [[Jake Tapper]] to make it appear as if he had said "[[Allahu Akbar]]" can be used under the most "beautiful circumstances". Fox News omitted that Tapper had said the use of "Allahu Akbar" in the terrorist attack was not one of these beautiful circumstances. A headline on FoxNews.com was preceded by a tag reading "OUTRAGEOUS". The Fox News Twitter account distorted the statement further, saying "Jake Tapper Says 'Allahu Akbar' Is 'Beautiful' Right After NYC Terror Attack" in a tweet that was later deleted. Tapper chastised Fox News for choosing to "deliberately lie" and said "there was a time when one could tell the difference between Fox and the nutjobs at ''[[Infowars]]''. It's getting tougher and tougher. Lies are lies."<ref name="Abadi-2017">{{Cite news |last=Abadi |first=Mark |date=November 2, 2017 |title=Jake Tapper slams Fox News for misrepresenting comments about New York City terror attack |work=[[Business Insider]] |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/jake-tapper-fox-news-lying-allahu-akbar-beautiful-2017-11 |access-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102042735/http://www.businessinsider.com/jake-tapper-fox-news-lying-allahu-akbar-beautiful-2017-11 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2009, Tapper had come to the defense of Fox News while he was a White House correspondent for ABC News, after the [[Obama administration]] claimed that the network was not a legitimate news organization.<ref name="Tornoe-2017">{{Cite news |url=http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/television/cnn-jake-tapper-allahu-akbar-fox-news-nyc-attack-sean-hannity-20171102.html |title=Jake Tapper feuds with Fox News, Sean Hannity over 'Allahu Akbar' comments |first=Rob |last=Tornoe |date=November 2, 2017 |newspaper=The Philadelphia Inquirer |access-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102214409/http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/television/cnn-jake-tapper-allahu-akbar-fox-news-nyc-attack-sean-hannity-20171102.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
Fox News guest host [[Jason Chaffetz]] apologized to Tapper for misrepresenting his statement.<ref name="Balluck-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/358382-tapper-hits-fox-hannity-over-allahu-akbar-comments-after-ny-terror-attack/ |title=Tapper hits Fox, Hannity over 'Allahu Akbar' comments after NY terror attack |last=Balluck |first=Kyle |date=November 2, 2017 |newspaper=The Hill |access-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102162728/http://thehill.com/homenews/media/358382-tapper-hits-fox-hannity-over-allahu-akbar-comments-after-ny-terror-attack |url-status=live }}</ref> After Fox News had deleted the tweet, Sean Hannity repeated the misrepresentation and called Tapper "liberal fake news CNN's fake Jake Tapper" and mocked his ratings.<ref name="Tornoe-2017"/><ref name="Balluck-2017"/>
==== ''The New York Times'' ====
In July 2017, a report by ''Fox & Friends'' falsely said ''The New York Times'' had disclosed intelligence in one of its stories and that this intelligence disclosure helped [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]], the leader of the [[Islamic State]], to evade capture.<ref name="Gordon-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/23/us/politics/trump-tweet-new-york-times-national-security.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/23/us/politics/trump-tweet-new-york-times-national-security.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=How Trump Got It Wrong in Saying The Times 'Foiled' Killing of ISIS Leader |last=Gordon |first=Michael R. |date=July 23, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=July 24, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jul/24/new-york-times-fox-news-apology |title=NY Times requests Fox News apology for 'malicious and inaccurate segment' |agency=Associated Press |date=July 24, 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=July 24, 2017 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109033220/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jul/24/new-york-times-fox-news-apology |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/07/24/media/new-york-times-fox-news-apology/index.html |title=Why The New York Times wants an apology from Fox News |last=Disis |first=Jill |date=July 24, 2017 |website=CNN Money |access-date=July 24, 2017 |archive-date=November 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129075534/https://money.cnn.com/2017/07/24/media/new-york-times-fox-news-apology/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The report cited an inaccurate assertion by Gen. [[Raymond A. Thomas|Tony Thomas]], the head of the [[United States Special Operations Command]], that a major newspaper had disclosed the intelligence.<ref name="Gordon-2017"/><ref name="Bromwich-2017a">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/24/business/media/fox-news-apology.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/24/business/media/fox-news-apology.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=New York Times Asks Fox for Apology After 'Inaccurate Segment' |last=Bromwich |first=Jonah Engel |date=July 24, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=July 24, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Fox News said it was ''The New York Times'', repeatedly running the chyron "NYT Foils U.S. Attempt To Take Out Al-Bahgdadi".<ref name="Bromwich-2017a"/> [[Pete Hegseth]], one of the show's hosts, criticized the "failing ''New York Times''".<ref name="Bromwich-2017a"/> President Donald Trump tweeted about the ''Fox & Friends'' report shortly after it first aired, saying "The Failing ''New York Times'' foiled U.S. attempt to kill the single most wanted terrorist, Al-Baghdadi. Their sick agenda over National Security."<ref name="Gordon-2017"/> Fox News later updated the story, but without apologizing to ''The New York Times'' or responding directly to the inaccuracies.<ref name="Bromwich-2017a"/>
In a ''Washington Post'' column, [[Erik Wemple]] said Chris Wallace had covered ''The New York Times'' story himself on ''Fox News Sunday'', adding: "Here's another case of the differing standards between Fox News's opinion operation", which has given "a state-run vibe on all matters related to Trump", compared to Fox News's news operation, which has provided "mostly sane coverage".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2017/07/24/fox-friends-issues-update-on-new-york-times-isis-flap-no-apology/ |title=''Fox & Friends'' issues 'update' on New York Times-ISIS flap. No apology. |last1=Wemple |first1=Erik |date=July 24, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=July 24, 2017 |archive-date=October 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019082318/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2017/07/24/fox-friends-issues-update-on-new-york-times-isis-flap-no-apology/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Climate change===
{{Further|Climate change denial|Media coverage of climate change}}
Fox News has often been described as a major platform for [[climate change denial]].{{Efn|name="Climate Denial"|<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/climate-challenged-society-9780199660117 |title=Climate-Challenged Society |last1=Dryzek |first1=John S. |last2=Norgaard |first2=Richard B. |last3=Schlosberg |first3=David |date=October 24, 2013 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19966-011-7 |___location=Oxford, New York |page=31 |access-date=May 25, 2019 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111175146/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/climate-challenged-society-9780199660117?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Climate Feedback-2018"/><ref name="Mann-2016">{{Cite book |url=https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-madhouse-effect/9780231177863 |title=The Madhouse Effect: How Climate Change Denial Is Threatening Our Planet, Destroying Our Politics, and Driving Us Crazy |last1=Mann |first1=Michael E. |last2=Toles |first2=Tom |date=2016 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-23154-181-7 |access-date=May 25, 2019 |archive-date=November 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127220655/http://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-madhouse-effect/9780231177863 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Powell-2011">{{Cite book |url=https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-inquisition-of-climate-science/9780231157193 |title=The Inquisition of Climate Science |last=Powell |first=James Lawrence |author-link=James L. Powell |date=2011 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-23152-784-2 |page=177 |access-date=May 25, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230001228/https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-inquisition-of-climate-science/9780231157193 |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the [[fact-checking]] website [[Climate Feedback]], Fox News is part of "a network of unreliable outlets for climate news."<ref name="Climate Feedback-2018">{{Cite web |url=https://climatefeedback.org/false-claims-coming-ice-age-ecosystem-unreliable-news-sites-blogs-social-media-accounts/ |title=False claims of a coming ice age spread through ecosystem of unreliable news sites, blogs, and social media accounts |date=November 21, 2018 |website=Climate Feedback |access-date=December 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108152253/https://climatefeedback.org/false-claims-coming-ice-age-ecosystem-unreliable-news-sites-blogs-social-media-accounts/ |url-status=live }}</ref>}} A 2011 study by Lauren Feldman and [[Anthony Leiserowitz]] found Fox News "takes a more dismissive tone toward climate change than CNN and MSNBC".<ref name="Feldman-2012">{{cite journal|last1=Feldman|first1=Lauren|last2=Leiserowitz|first2=Anthony|last3=Maibach|first3=Edward W.|last4=Roser-Renouf|first4=Connie|date=January 1, 2012|url=http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/afc0/8168de6abb77c29c4e997f7f83c828797388.pdf|title=Climate on Cable|journal=The International Journal of Press/Politics|volume=17|issue=1|pages=3–31|doi=10.1177/1940161211425410|s2cid=53482752|issn=1940-1612|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303050627/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/afc0/8168de6abb77c29c4e997f7f83c828797388.pdf|archive-date=March 3, 2019|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> A 2008 study found Fox News emphasized the scientific uncertainty of climate change more than CNN, was less likely to say climate change was real, and more likely to interview climate change skeptics.<ref name="Feldman-2012"/> Leaked emails showed that in 2009 [[Bill Sammon]], the Fox News Washington managing editor, instructed Fox News journalists to dispute the [[scientific consensus on climate change]] and "refrain from asserting that the planet has warmed (or cooled) in any given period without IMMEDIATELY pointing out that such theories are based upon data that critics have called into question."<ref>{{Cite book |title=From Corporate to Social Media: Critical Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility in Media and Communication Industries |last=Sandoval |first=Marisol |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-41572-256-8}}</ref>
According to climate scientist [[Michael E. Mann]], Fox News "has constructed an alternative universe where the laws of physics no longer apply, where the [[greenhouse effect]] is a myth, and where climate change is a hoax, the product of a massive conspiracy among scientists, who somehow have gotten the polar bears, glaciers, sea levels, superstorms, and megadroughts to play along."<ref name="Mann-2016"/> According to [[James Lawrence Powell]]'s 2011 study of the [[climate science denial]] movement, Fox News provides "the deniers with a platform to say whatever they like without fear of contradiction."<ref name="Powell-2011"/> Fox News employs [[Steve Milloy]], a prominent [[climate change denier]] with close financial and organizational ties to oil companies, as a contributor. In his columns about climate change for ''FoxNews.com'', Fox News has failed to disclose his substantial funding from oil companies.<ref name="handful">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/merchantsofdoubt00ores |url-access=registration |title=Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming |last1=Oreskes |first1=Naomi |author1-link=Naomi Oreskes |last2=Conway |first2=Erik M. |date=2010 |publisher=Bloomsbury |isbn=978-1-60819-293-9}}</ref>
In 2011, the hosts of ''Fox & Friends'' described climate change as "unproven science", a "disputed fact", and criticized the [[United States Department of Education|Department of Education]] for working together with the children's network [[Nickelodeon]] to teach children about climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/fox-friends-hosts-slam-spongebob-220459 |title=''Fox & Friends'' Slam SpongeBob SquarePants' 'Global Warming Agenda' (Video) |first=Kimberly |last=Nordyke |date=August 8, 2011 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=February 9, 2018 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101023019/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/fox-friends-hosts-slam-spongebob-220459 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2001, Sean Hannity described the [[scientific consensus on climate change]] as "phony science from the left".<ref name="McKnight-2010">{{Cite journal |last=McKnight |first=David |date=December 1, 2010 |title=A change in the climate? The journalism of opinion at News Corporation |journal=Journalism |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=693–706 |doi=10.1177/1464884910379704 |s2cid=144001549 |issn=1464-8849}}</ref> In 2004, he falsely alleged that "scientists still can't agree on whether the global warming is scientific fact or fiction".<ref name="McKnight-2010"/> In 2010, Hannity said the so-called [[Climatic Research Unit email controversy|"Climategate"]] – the leaking of e-mails by climate scientist that climate change skeptics claimed demonstrated scientific misconduct but which all subsequent enquiries have found no evidence of misconduct or wrongdoing – a "scandal" that "exposed global warming as a myth cooked up by alarmists".<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2010/07/11/climate-change-heats-up-again/ |title=Climate change heats up again |first=Clarence |last=Page |date=July 11, 2010 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |access-date=October 16, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716024224/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2010-07-11/news/ct-oped-0711-page-20100711_1_climate-change-scientific-journals-scientists |archive-date=July 16, 2010}}</ref> Hannity frequently invites contrarian fringe scientists and critics of climate change to his shows.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RsYr_iQUs6QC&q=hannity+%22climate+change%22&pg=PA144 |title=The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society |last1=Dryzek |first1=John S. |last2=Norgaard |first2=Richard B. |last3=Schlosberg |first3=David |date=August 18, 2011 |publisher=OUP Oxford |isbn=978-0-19956-660-0 |access-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-date=February 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204030225/https://books.google.com/books?id=RsYr_iQUs6QC&q=hannity+%22climate+change%22&pg=PA144#v=snippet&q=hannity%20%22climate%20change%22&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, a widely shared Fox News news report falsely claimed that new climate science research showed that the Earth might be heading to a new Ice Age; the author of the study that Fox News cited said that Fox News "utterly misrepresents our research" and the study did not in any way suggest that Earth was heading to an Ice Age. Fox News later corrected the story.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/claim-of-a-coming-ice-age-misrepresents-the-study-it-relies-on/|title=Claim of a coming ice age misrepresents the study it relies on|date=November 1, 2019|website=Climate Feedback|access-date=November 4, 2019|archive-date=December 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230104406/https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/claim-of-a-coming-ice-age-misrepresents-the-study-it-relies-on/|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Shepard Smith]] drew attention for being one of few voices formerly on Fox News to forcefully state that climate change is real, that human activities are a primary contributor to it and that there is a [[Scientific consensus on climate change|scientific consensus]] on the issue.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/6/2/15727170/fox-news-acknowledged-climate-change-real |title=Fox News actually acknowledged that climate change is real |first=Jeff |last=Guo |date=June 2, 2017 |work=Vox |access-date=June 2, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230141624/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/6/2/15727170/fox-news-acknowledged-climate-change-real |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2015/aug/17/fox-news-inner-struggle-with-climate-misinformation |title=Fox News' inner struggle with climate misinformation |last=Nuccitelli |first=Dana |date=August 17, 2015 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=June 2, 2017 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=December 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206020816/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2015/aug/17/fox-news-inner-struggle-with-climate-misinformation |url-status=live }}</ref> His acceptance of the scientific consensus on climate change drew criticism from Fox News viewers and conservatives.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://theweek.com/speedreads/687771/fox-news-viewers-are-gunning-shep-smith-how-fox-news-respond |title=Fox News viewers are gunning for Shep Smith. How will Fox News respond? |date=March 23, 2017 |website=[[The Week]] |access-date=June 2, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230054007/https://theweek.com/speedreads/687771/fox-news-viewers-are-gunning-shep-smith-how-fox-news-respond |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/shepard-smith-the-fox-news-anchorman-who-drives-the-fox-news-faithful-crazy/2017/03/21/2a6d30a0-0e64-11e7-9d5a-a83e627dc120_story.html |title=Shepard Smith, the Fox News anchorman who drives the Fox News faithful crazy |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=March 21, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=June 2, 2017 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230081036/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/shepard-smith-the-fox-news-anchorman-who-drives-the-fox-news-faithful-crazy/2017/03/21/2a6d30a0-0e64-11e7-9d5a-a83e627dc120_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Smith left Fox News in October 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Oliver Darcy and Brian Stelter|date=October 11, 2019|title=Shepard Smith makes shocking announcement that he is leaving Fox News|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/11/media/shepard-smith-leaving-fox-news/index.html|access-date=January 24, 2022|website=CNN|archive-date=January 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125051835/https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/11/media/shepard-smith-leaving-fox-news/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In a 2021 interview with [[Christiane Amanpour]] on her [[Amanpour & Company|eponymous show]] in [[CNN]], he stated that his presence on Fox had become "untenable" due to the "falsehoods" and "lies" intentionally spread on the network's opinion shows.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 20, 2021|last=Benveniste|first=Alexis|title=Shep Smith breaks his silence about why he left Fox News|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/20/media/shep-smith-fox-amanpour/index.html|access-date=January 22, 2022|website=CNN|archive-date=January 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125040415/https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/20/media/shep-smith-fox-amanpour/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lonas|first=Lexi|date=January 19, 2021|title=Shep Smith on former employment at Fox News: 'I stuck with it for as long as I could'|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/534903-shep-smith-on-former-employer-fox-news-i-stuck-with-it-as-long-as-i-could/|access-date=January 24, 2022|website=The Hill|archive-date=January 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125040411/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/534903-shep-smith-on-former-employer-fox-news-i-stuck-with-it-as-long-as-i-could|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Murder of Seth Rich conspiracy ===
{{see also|Murder of Seth Rich}}
On May 16, 2017, a day when other news organizations were extensively covering [[Donald Trump revelation of classified information to Russia|Donald Trump's revelation of classified information to Russia]],<ref name="Snopes-2017">{{Cite news |url=http://www.snopes.com/seth-rich-dnc-wikileaks-murder/ |title=FACT CHECK: Did DNC Staffer Seth Rich Send 'Thousands of E-Mails' to WikiLeaks Before He Was Murdered? |date=May 16, 2017 |work=Snopes.com |access-date=May 16, 2017 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125112757/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/seth-rich-dnc-wikileaks-murder/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News ran a lead story about a private investigator's uncorroborated claims about the [[murder of Seth Rich]], a [[Democratic National Committee|DNC]] staffer.<ref name="Seitz-Wald-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/dnc-staffer-s-murder-draws-fresh-conspiracy-theories-n760186 |title=DNC staffer's murder draws fresh conspiracy theories |first=Alex |last=Seitz-Wald |date=May 16, 2017 |publisher=NBC News |access-date=May 16, 2017 |archive-date=December 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215203952/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/dnc-staffer-s-murder-draws-fresh-conspiracy-theories-n760186 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Hermann-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/family-of-slain-seth-rich-says-reports-he-fed-wikileaks-dnc-info-are-untrue/2017/05/16/9b32ef9c-3a46-11e7-8854-21f359183e8c_story.html |title=Family of slain Seth Rich says reports that he fed DNC info to WikiLeaks are untrue |first=Peter |last=Hermann |date=May 16, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 16, 2017 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112020030/https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/family-of-slain-seth-rich-says-reports-he-fed-wikileaks-dnc-info-are-untrue/2017/05/16/9b32ef9c-3a46-11e7-8854-21f359183e8c_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Darcy-2017">{{Cite web |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/05/16/media/seth-rich-family-response-claims-of-wikileaks-contact/index.html |title=Story on DNC staffer's murder dominated conservative media – hours later it fell apart |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=May 16, 2017 |website=CNN Money |access-date=May 17, 2017 |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225021203/https://money.cnn.com/2017/05/16/media/seth-rich-family-response-claims-of-wikileaks-contact/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The private investigator said he had uncovered evidence that Rich was in contact with WikiLeaks and law enforcement were covering it up.<ref name="Seitz-Wald-2017"/> The killing of Rich has given rise to [[conspiracy theories]] in right-wing circles that Hillary Clinton and the Democratic Party had Seth Rich killed allegedly because he was the source of the [[DNC leaks]].<ref name="Seitz-Wald-2017"/> U.S. intelligence agencies determined Russia was the source of the leaks.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-cyber-celebrate-idUSKBN14P2NI |title=U.S. intel report identifies Russians who gave emails to WikiLeaks – officials |date=January 6, 2017 |work=Reuters |access-date=July 3, 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103155319/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-cyber-celebrate-idUSKBN14P2NI |url-status=live }}</ref> In reporting the investigator's claims, the Fox News report reignited right-wing conspiracy theories about the killing.<ref name="Seitz-Wald-2017"/><ref name="Darcy-2017"/>
The Fox News story fell apart within hours.<ref name="Darcy-2018">{{Cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/03/14/media/seth-rich-lawsuit-fox-news/index.html |title=Family of slain Democratic staffer Seth Rich sues Fox News |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=March 14, 2018 |work=CNN Money |access-date=March 14, 2018 |archive-date=December 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229214550/https://money.cnn.com/2018/03/14/media/seth-rich-lawsuit-fox-news/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Other news organizations quickly revealed the investigator was a Donald Trump supporter and had according to NBC News "developed a reputation for making outlandish claims, such as one appearance on Fox News in 2007 in which he warned that underground networks of pink pistol-toting lesbian gangs were raping young women."<ref name="Seitz-Wald-2017"/><ref name="Bromwich-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/17/us/seth-rich-dnc-wikileaks.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/17/us/seth-rich-dnc-wikileaks.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=How the Murder of a D.N.C. Staffer Fueled Conspiracy Theories |last=Bromwich |first=Jonah Engel |date=May 17, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=May 17, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The family of Seth Rich, the Washington D.C. police department, the Washington D.C. mayor's office, the FBI, and law enforcement sources familiar with the case rebuked the investigator's claims.<ref name="Seitz-Wald-2017"/><ref name="Hermann-2017"/> Rich's relatives said: "We are a family who is committed to facts, not fake evidence that surfaces every few months to fill the void and distract law enforcement and the general public from finding Seth's murderers."<ref name="Seitz-Wald-2017"/> The spokesperson for the family criticized Fox News for its reporting, alleging the outlet was motivated by a desire to deflect attention from the Trump-Russia story: "I think there's a very special place in hell for people that would use the memory of a murder victim in order to pursue a political agenda."<ref name="Snopes-2017"/> The family has called for retractions and apologies from Fox News for the inaccurate reporting.<ref name="Bromwich-2017"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/05/17/media/seth-rich-family-apology-retraction-fox-news-wttg/index.html |title=Family of slain DNC staffer demands retraction and apology from Fox News, local TV station |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=May 17, 2017 |website=CNN Money |access-date=May 17, 2017 |archive-date=December 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213161649/https://money.cnn.com/2017/05/17/media/seth-rich-family-apology-retraction-fox-news-wttg/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Over the course of the day, Fox News altered the contents of the story and the headline, but did not issue corrections.<ref name="Bromwich-2017"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/fox-news-seth-rich_us_591cd078e4b034684b093717 |title=Fox Stands By DNC Murder Conspiracy Theory Even After Main Source Changes Story |last=Waldron |first=Travis |date=May 18, 2017 |work=HuffPost |access-date=May 18, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230060240/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/fox-news-seth-rich_n_591cd078e4b034684b093717 |url-status=live }}</ref> When CNN contacted the private investigator later that day, the investigator said he had no evidence that Rich had contacted WikiLeaks.<ref name="Darcy-2017"/> The investigator claimed he only learned about the possible existence of the evidence from a Fox News reporter.<ref name="Darcy-2017"/> Fox News did not respond to inquiries by CNN, and the Washington Post.<ref name="Hermann-2017"/><ref name="Darcy-2017"/> Fox News later on May 23, seven days after the story was published, retracted its original report, saying the original report did not meet its standards.<ref name="Darcy-2018"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/washington/la-na-essential-washington-updates-fox-news-retracts-story-alleging-dnc-1495565128-htmlstory.html |title=Fox News retracts story alleging DNC staffer Seth Rich leaked information to WikiLeaks before death |date=May 23, 2017 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=May 23, 2017 |issn=0458-3035 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524135956/http://www.latimes.com/politics/washington/la-na-essential-washington-updates-fox-news-retracts-story-alleging-dnc-1495565128-htmlstory.html |archive-date=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
[[Nicole Hemmer]], then assistant professor at the [[Miller Center of Public Affairs]], wrote that the promotion of the conspiracy theory demonstrated how Fox News was "remaking itself in the image of fringe media in the age of Trump, blurring the lines between real and fake news."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usnews.com/opinion/thomas-jefferson-street/articles/2017-05-23/fox-news-is-destroying-itself-turning-into-a-breitbart-copy-for-trump |title=The Breitbartization of Fox News |last=Hemmer |first=Nicole |date=May 23, 2017 |website=US News |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230140149/https://www.usnews.com/opinion/thomas-jefferson-street/articles/2017-05-23/fox-news-is-destroying-itself-turning-into-a-breitbart-copy-for-trump |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Max Boot]] of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]] said while intent behind Fox News, as a counterweight to the liberal media was laudable, the culmination of those efforts have been to create an alternative news source that promotes hoaxes and myths, of which the promotion of the Seth Rich conspiracy is an example.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/05/22/the-seth-rich-scandal-shows-that-fox-news-is-morally-bankrupt/ |title=The Seth Rich 'Scandal' Shows That Fox News Is Morally Bankrupt |first=Max |last=Boot |date=May 22, 2017 |website=Foreign Policy |access-date=May 23, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230105416/https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/05/22/the-seth-rich-scandal-shows-that-fox-news-is-morally-bankrupt/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News was also criticized by conservative outlets, such as ''[[The Weekly Standard]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.weeklystandard.com/prime-time-conspiracy-theory/article/2008229 |title=Prime-Time Conspiracy Theory |first=John |last=McCormack |date=May 26, 2017 |work=Weekly Standard |access-date=May 27, 2017 |archive-date=May 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170526083000/http://www.weeklystandard.com/prime-time-conspiracy-theory/article/2008229 }}</ref> ''[[National Review]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.nationalreview.com/morning-jolt/447911/seth-rich-murder-conspiracy-katy-perry-manchester-attack-comments |title=The Facts of the Seth Rich Murder That Don't Support Conspiracy Theories |first=Jim |last=Geraghty |date=May 24, 2017 |work=National Review |access-date=May 27, 2017 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125112732/https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/seth-rich-murder-conspiracy-katy-perry-manchester-attack-comments/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=French|first=David|author-link=David French (political commentator)|date=May 24, 2017|title=The Seth Rich Conspiracy Theory Is Shameful Nonsense|work=National Review|url=http://www.nationalreview.com/article/447903/sean-hannity-seth-rich-conspiracy-theory-disgrace|access-date=May 27, 2017|archive-date=May 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170528094135/http://www.nationalreview.com/article/447903/sean-hannity-seth-rich-conspiracy-theory-disgrace|url-status=live}}</ref> and conservative columnists, such as [[Jennifer Rubin (columnist)|Jennifer Rubin]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2017/05/24/questions-fox-and-the-right-need-to-answer/ |title=Questions Fox and the right need to answer |last=Rubin |first=Jennifer |date=May 24, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 27, 2017 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111231656/https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2017/05/24/questions-fox-and-the-right-need-to-answer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Michael Gerson]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-conservative-mind-has-become-diseased/2017/05/25/523f0964-4159-11e7-9869-bac8b446820a_story.html |title=The conservative mind has become diseased |last=Gerson |first=Michael |date=May 25, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 29, 2017 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=January 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105132004/https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-conservative-mind-has-become-diseased/2017/05/25/523f0964-4159-11e7-9869-bac8b446820a_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[John Podhoretz]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.commentarymagazine.com/politics-ideas/the-shame-of-defaming-seth-rich/ |title=The Shameless Conspiracy Theorizing Involving Seth Rich Must Stop |first=John |last=Podhoretz |date=May 23, 2017 |work=Commentary Magazine |access-date=May 28, 2017 |archive-date=May 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525021948/https://www.commentarymagazine.com/politics-ideas/the-shame-of-defaming-seth-rich/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
Rich's parents, Joel and Mary Rich, sued Fox News for the emotional distress it had caused them by its false reporting. In 2020, Fox News settled with Rich family, making a payment that was not officially disclosed but which was reported to be in the seven figures.<ref name="settlement">{{Citation| last = Isikoff| first = Michael| author-link = Michael Isikoff| title = Fox paid seven figures to settle lawsuit over bogus Seth Rich conspiracy story| publisher = [[Yahoo! News]]| date = November 24, 2020| url = https://news.yahoo.com/fox-paid-seven-figures-to-settle-lawsuit-over-bogus-seth-rich-conspiracy-story-003236858.html| access-date = November 28, 2020| archive-date = December 13, 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201213162844/https://news.yahoo.com/fox-paid-seven-figures-to-settle-lawsuit-over-bogus-seth-rich-conspiracy-story-003236858.html| url-status = live}}</ref> Although the settlement had been agreed to earlier in the year, Fox News arranged to delay the public announcement until after the 2020 presidential election.<ref name="settlement"/><ref>{{cite news | title=Fox Settled a Lawsuit Over Its Lies. But It Insisted on One Unusual Condition | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/business/media/fox-news-seth-rich-settlement.html?action=click&module=Spotlight&pgtype=Homepage | work=The New York Times | date=January 18, 2021 | last1=Smith | first1=Ben | access-date=January 18, 2021 | archive-date=February 2, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202160047/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/business/media/fox-news-seth-rich-settlement.html?action=click&module=Spotlight&pgtype=Homepage | url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville ===
{{Further|Unite the Right rally}}
Fox News hosts and contributors defended Trump's remarks that "many sides" were to blame for violence at a gathering of hundreds of [[white nationalists]] in Charlottesville, Virginia.<ref name="Grynbaum-2017a">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/15/business/media/wow-stunned-tv-hosts-reacted-in-real-time-to-trump.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/15/business/media/wow-stunned-tv-hosts-reacted-in-real-time-to-trump.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title='Wow': Stunned TV Hosts Reacted in Real Time to Trump |last=Grynbaum |first=Michael M. |date=August 15, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=August 16, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="Weigel-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2017/08/17/in-conservative-media-an-amen-chorus-defends-trump-on-charlottesville/ |title=In conservative media, an amen chorus defends Trump's comments on Charlottesville violence |first=David |last=Weigel |author-link=David Weigel |date=August 17, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=August 18, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230072906/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2017/08/17/in-conservative-media-an-amen-chorus-defends-trump-on-charlottesville/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Some criticized Trump.<ref name="Weigel-2017"/><ref name="Byers-2017">{{Cite web |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/08/16/media/fox-charlottesville-prime-time/index.html |title=After Trump's Charlottesville remarks, Fox News focuses on the left and the media |last=Byers |first=Dylan |date=August 16, 2017 |website=CNN Money |access-date=August 16, 2017 |archive-date=September 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907035733/https://money.cnn.com/2017/08/16/media/fox-charlottesville-prime-time/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In a press conference on August 15, Trump used the term "alt-left" to describe counterprotesters at the [[white supremacist]] rally, a term which had been used in Fox News' coverage of the white supremacist rally.<ref name="Grynbaum-2017a"/> Several of Trump's comments at the press conference mirrored those appearing earlier on Fox News.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.wired.com/story/donald-trump-charlottesville-press-conference-white-supremacy/ |title=Trump Cribbed His Charlottesville Press Conference Straight From Fox News |first=Ashley |last=Feinberg |date=August 15, 2017 |magazine=WIRED |access-date=August 16, 2017 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230083847/https://www.wired.com/story/donald-trump-charlottesville-press-conference-white-supremacy/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
According to [[Dylan Byers]] of CNN, Fox News' coverage on the day of the press conference "was heavy with "[[whataboutism]]". The average Fox viewer was likely left with the impression that the media's criticism of Trump and leftist protestors' toppling of some Confederate statues were far greater threats to America than white supremacism or the president's apparent defense of bigotry."<ref name="Byers-2017"/> Byers wrote "it showed that if Fox News has a line when it comes to Trump's presidency, it was not crossed on Tuesday."<ref name="Byers-2017"/>
=== Glenn Beck's comments about George Soros ===
During [[Glenn Beck]]'s tenure at Fox News, he became one of the most high-profile proponents of [[George Soros#Conspiracy theories|conspiracy theories about George Soros]], a Jewish Hungarian-American businessman and philanthropist known for his donations to [[Modern liberalism in the United States|American liberal]] political causes.<ref name="Lee-2018">{{Cite news |url=https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/why-the-conspiracy-theories-about-george-soros-dont-stack-up |title=FactCheck: Why the conspiracy theories about George Soros don't stack up |first=Georgina |last=Lee |date=February 15, 2018 |work=Channel 4 News |access-date=May 31, 2018 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111151312/https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/why-the-conspiracy-theories-about-george-soros-dont-stack-up |url-status=live }}</ref> Beck regularly described Soros as a "puppet-master" and used common [[anti-Semitic]] tropes to describe Soros and his activities.<ref name="Lee-2018"/> In a 2010 three-part series, Beck depicted George Soros as a cartoonish villain trying to "form a shadow government, using humanitarian aid as a cover", and that Soros wanted a one-world government.<ref name="Selk-2018">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2018/05/30/unpacking-the-george-soros-was-a-jew-killing-nazi-conspiracy-theory-that-roseanne-barr-spreads/ |url-access=subscription |title=Debunking the George Soros-was-a-Jew-killing-Nazi conspiracy theory that Roseanne Barr spreads |last=Selk |first=Avi |date=May 30, 2018 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 31, 2018 |issn=0190-8286 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180531060439/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2018/05/30/unpacking-the-george-soros-was-a-jew-killing-nazi-conspiracy-theory-that-roseanne-barr-spreads/ |archive-date=May 31, 2018 }}</ref><ref name="Mirkinson-2010">{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/11/11/adl-beck-soros_n_782420.html |title=ADL Condemns Glenn Beck For 'Offensive,' 'Horrific' Attacks On George Soros (Video) |last=Mirkinson |first=Jack |date=November 11, 2010 |work=HuffPost |access-date=May 31, 2018 |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219030519/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/11/11/adl-beck-soros_n_782420.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Beck promoted the false and anti-Semitic conspiracy theory that Soros was a [[Nazi collaborator]] as a 14-year-old in Nazi-occupied Hungary.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/george-soros-ss-nazi-germany/ |title=Was George Soros an SS Officer or Nazi Collaborator during World War II? |first=David |last=Emery |date=November 28, 2016 |website=Snopes |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-date=November 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102212019/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/george-soros-ss-nazi-germany/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Beck also characterized Soros's mother as a "wildly anti-Semitic" Nazi collaborator.<ref name="Selk-2018"/> According to ''The Washington Post'': "Beck's series was largely considered obscene and delusional, if not outright anti-Semitic", but Beck's conspiracy theory became common on the right-wing of American politics.<ref name="Selk-2018"/> Amid criticism of Beck's false smears, Fox News defended Beck, stating "information regarding Mr. Soros's experiences growing up were taken directly from his writings and from interviews given by him to the media, and no negative opinion was offered as to his actions as a child."<ref name="Mirkinson-2010"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/12/us/12beck.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/12/us/12beck.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Glenn Beck's Remarks About George Soros Criticized by A.D.L. |last=Stelter |first=Brian |date=November 11, 2010 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=May 31, 2018 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Roger Ailes, then-head of Fox News, dismissed criticism levied at Beck by hundreds of rabbis, saying that they were "left-wing rabbis who basically don't think that anybody can ever use the word, Holocaust, on the air."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/richard-adams-blog/2010/nov/18/roger-ailes-fox-news-npr-nazis |title=Fox News chief Roger Ailes apologises after describing NPR as 'Nazis' |last=Adams |first=Richard |date=November 18, 2010 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=May 31, 2018 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230073300/https://www.theguardian.com/world/richard-adams-blog/2010/nov/18/roger-ailes-fox-news-npr-nazis |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== COVID-19 pandemic ===
{{main|Fox News controversies#Coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic|Media coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic|l1=Fox News coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic}}
During the first few weeks of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States]], Fox News was considerably more likely than other mainstream news outlets to promote misinformation about [[COVID-19]].<ref name="Motta 2020">{{Cite web|url=https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/a8r3p|title=How Right-Leaning Media Coverage of COVID-19 Facilitated the Spread of Misinformation in the Early Stages of the Pandemic|last=Motta|first=Matt|website=osf.io|access-date=April 18, 2020|archive-date=December 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223200735/https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/a8r3p|url-status=live}}</ref> The network promoted the narrative that the emergency response to the pandemic was politically motivated or otherwise unwarranted,<ref name="Darcy 2020">{{Cite news |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/12/media/fox-news-coronavirus/index.html |title=How Fox News misled viewers about the coronavirus |date=March 13, 2020 |publisher=CNN |access-date=April 5, 2020 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208181915/https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/12/media/fox-news-coronavirus/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> with [[Sean Hannity]] explicitly calling it a "hoax" (he later denied doing so) and other hosts downplaying it.<ref name="Rieger 2020">{{Cite news |last=Rieger |first=JM |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/03/19/sean-hannity-denied-calling-coronavirus-hoax-nine-days-after-he-called-coronavirus-hoax/ |title=Sean Hannity denied calling coronavirus a hoax nine days after he called coronavirus a hoax |date=March 19, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=April 5, 2020 |archive-date=December 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207134118/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/03/19/sean-hannity-denied-calling-coronavirus-hoax-nine-days-after-he-called-coronavirus-hoax/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This coverage was consistent with the messaging of Trump at the time.<ref name=Wapo2020-03-17>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/media/on-fox-news-suddenly-a-very-different-tune-about-the-coronavirus/2020/03/16/7a7637cc-678f-11ea-9923-57073adce27c_story.html|title=On Fox News, suddenly a very different tune about the coronavirus|year=2020|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=March 18, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103171038/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/media/on-fox-news-suddenly-a-very-different-tune-about-the-coronavirus/2020/03/16/7a7637cc-678f-11ea-9923-57073adce27c_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Only in mid March did the network change the tone of its coverage,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gabbatt |first=Adam |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/mar/17/fox-news-coronavirus-outbreak-trump |title='We have a responsibility': Fox News declares coronavirus a crisis in abrupt U-turn |date=March 17, 2020 |work=The Guardian |access-date=April 5, 2020 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117222625/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/mar/17/fox-news-coronavirus-outbreak-trump |url-status=live }}</ref> after President Trump declared a national emergency.<ref name=Wapo2020-03-17/> At the same time that Fox News commentators downplayed the threat of the virus in public, Fox's management and the Murdoch family took a broad range of internal measures to protect themselves and their employees against it.<ref>{{Cite news|last=James|first=Meg|date=March 12, 2020|title=Fox News addresses coronavirus threat internally as on-air talent faces criticism|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2020-03-12/fox-news-coronavirus-threat|access-date=April 21, 2020|archive-date=December 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230071638/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2020-03-12/fox-news-coronavirus-threat|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Smith|first=Ben|date=March 23, 2020|title=As Fox News Played Down the Coronavirus, Its Chief Protected Himself|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/23/business/media/fox-news-coronavirus-rupert-murdoch.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323223005/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/23/business/media/fox-news-coronavirus-rupert-murdoch.html |archive-date=March 23, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=April 7, 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Arciga|first=Julia|date=March 24, 2020|title=Murdoch's 89th Birthday Party Canceled While Fox Downplayed Virus: NYT|work=Daily Beast|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/rupert-murdochs-89th-birthday-party-reportedly-canceled-while-fox-downplayed-coronavirus|access-date=April 7, 2020|archive-date=December 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230021555/https://www.thedailybeast.com/rupert-murdochs-89th-birthday-party-reportedly-canceled-while-fox-downplayed-coronavirus|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Derysh|first=Igor|date=March 25, 2020|title=Murdoch family took serious precautions against coronavirus as Fox News downplayed risk to public|work=Salon|url=https://www.salon.com/2020/03/25/murdoch-family-took-serious-precautions-against-coronavirus-as-fox-news-downplayed-risk-to-public/|access-date=April 7, 2020|archive-date=December 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228204650/https://www.salon.com/2020/03/25/murdoch-family-took-serious-precautions-against-coronavirus-as-fox-news-downplayed-risk-to-public/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Sean Hannity and [[Laura Ingraham]], two of Fox News's primetime hosts, promoted use of the drug [[hydroxychloroquine]] for the treatment of COVID-19, an [[off-label]] usage which at the time was supported only by [[anecdotal evidence]], after it was touted by Trump as a possible cure.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rupar |first=Aaron |url=https://www.vox.com/2020/3/24/21192222/fox-news-coronavirus-coverage-dan-patrick-drugs |title=Fox News's coronavirus coverage slid back off the rails spectacularly on Monday night |date=March 24, 2020 |work=Vox |access-date=April 5, 2020 |archive-date=January 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101001758/https://www.vox.com/2020/3/24/21192222/fox-news-coronavirus-coverage-dan-patrick-drugs |url-status=live }}</ref> Fox News promoted a [[conspiracy theory]] that coronavirus death toll numbers were inflated with people who would have died anyway from preexisting conditions. This was disputed by White House coronavirus task force members [[Anthony Fauci]] and [[Deborah Birx]], with Fauci describing conspiracy theories as "nothing but distractions" during public health crises.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brewster |first1=Jack |title=A Fox News Conspiracy—Are Coronavirus Death Numbers Inflated?—Attacked By Fauci, Birx |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackbrewster/2020/04/09/a-fox-news-conspiracy-are-coronavirus-death-numbers-inflated-attacked-by-fauci-birx/ |website=Forbes |access-date=April 11, 2020 |date=April 9, 2020 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103170621/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackbrewster/2020/04/09/a-fox-news-conspiracy-are-coronavirus-death-numbers-inflated-attacked-by-fauci-birx/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Later in the pandemic, Hannity, Ingraham and Carlson promoted the use of livestock [[dewormer]] [[ivermectin]] as a possible COVID-19 treatment.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=August 23, 2023 |title=Right-wing media pushed a deworming drug to treat Covid-19 that the FDA says is unsafe for humans |language=en-US |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/23/media/right-wing-media-ivermectin/index.html |access-date=April 19, 2023 |archive-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824110456/https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/23/media/right-wing-media-ivermectin/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
Studies have linked trust in Fox News,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Zhao|first1=Erfei|last2=Wu|first2=Qiao|last3=Crimmins|first3=Eileen M.|last4=Ailshire|first4=Jennifer A.|date=October 1, 2020|title=Media trust and infection mitigating behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA|journal=BMJ Global Health|volume=5|issue=10|pages=e003323|doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003323|issn=2059-7908|pmc=7545496|pmid=33037063|doi-access=free|s2cid=222229835}}</ref> as well as viewership of Fox News,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Simonov|first1=Andrey|last2=Sacher|first2=Szymon|last3=Dubé|first3=Jean-Pierre|last4=Biswas|first4=Shirsho|date=December 16, 2021|title=Frontiers: The Persuasive Effect of Fox News: Noncompliance with Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic|url=https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mksc.2021.1328|journal=Marketing Science|volume=41|issue=2|pages=230–242|doi=10.1287/mksc.2021.1328|s2cid=245299737|issn=0732-2399|access-date=December 25, 2021|archive-date=December 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221021630/https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mksc.2021.1328|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref> with fewer preventive behaviors and more risky behaviors related to COVID-19.<ref>{{citation|last1=Ash|first1=Elliott|last2=Galletta|first2=Sergio|last3=Hangartner|first3=Dominik|last4=Margalit|first4=Yotam|last5=Pinna|first5=Matteo|date=June 27, 2020|title=The Effect of Fox News on Health Behavior During COVID-19|___location=Rochester, New York|doi=10.2139/ssrn.3636762|hdl=20.500.11850/427768|ssrn=3636762|s2cid=242785823|url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/119447/1/Hangartner_effect_of_fox_news_on_health_behavior_published.pdf|hdl-access=free|access-date=September 14, 2023|archive-date=September 20, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920024835/http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/119447/1/Hangartner_effect_of_fox_news_on_health_behavior_published.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
Once a COVID-19 vaccine became widely available, Fox News consistently questioned the efficacy and safety of the vaccine, celebrated evidence-free skepticism, and blasted attempts to promote vaccinations.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Thompson|first=Derek|date=September 26, 2021|title=How America's Vaccination Campaign Fell Behind the World's|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/09/how-america-lost-its-lead-vaccination/620201/|access-date=September 26, 2021|website=The Atlantic}}</ref> More than 90% of Fox Corporation's full-time employees had been fully vaccinated by September 2021.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/media/2021/sep/15/fox-news-vaccines-testing-tucker-carlson "Nearly all Fox staffers vaccinated for Covid even as hosts cast doubt on vaccine"]. ''Guardian''. September 15, 2021. Retrieved February 23, 2022</ref>
===2020 election fraud allegations and lawsuits by Dominion and Smartmatic ===
{{see also|Dominion Voting Systems v. Fox News Network|Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election}}
After Trump's defeat in the 2020 presidential election, Fox News host [[Jeanine Pirro]] promoted baseless allegations on her program that voting machine company [[Smartmatic]] and its competitor [[Dominion Voting Systems]] had conspired to rig the election against Trump. Hosts [[Lou Dobbs]] and [[Maria Bartiromo]] also promoted the allegations on their programs on sister network [[Fox Business]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=February 4, 2021|title=Fox News and three hosts sued for $2.7 billion by voting machine company over election-fraud claims|publisher=Associated Press|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/02/04/fox-news-three-hosts-trump-lawyers-sued-over-election-fraud-claims/4392023001/|access-date=February 23, 2022|via=USA Today}}</ref> In December 2020, Smartmatic sent a letter to Fox News demanding retractions and threatening legal action, specifying that retractions "must be published on multiple occasions" so as to "match the attention and audience targeted with the original defamatory publications."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mediaite.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Legal-Notice-and-Retraction-Demand-from-Smartmatic-USA-Corp-to-Fox-News.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214172710/https://www.mediaite.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Legal-Notice-and-Retraction-Demand-from-Smartmatic-USA-Corp-to-Fox-News.pdf |archive-date=December 14, 2020 |url-status=live|title=Legal Notice and Retraction Demand from Smartmatic USA Corp to Fox News|website=Mediaite|date=December 10, 2020|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> Days later, each of the three programs aired the same three-minute video segment consisting of an interview with an election technology expert who refuted the allegations promoted by the hosts, responding to questions from an unseen and unidentified man. None of the three hosts personally issued retractions. Smartmatic filed a $2.7 billion defamation suit against the network, the three hosts, Powell and Trump attorney [[Rudy Giuliani]] in February 2021.<ref>{{cite web|last=Darcy|first=Oliver|date=February 4, 2021|title=Voting technology company Smartmatic files $2.7 billion lawsuit against Fox News, Rudy Giuliani and Sidney Powell over 'disinformation campaign'|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/04/media/smartmatic-fox-news-giuliani-powell-lawsuit/index.html|access-date=February 23, 2022|publisher=CNN}}</ref> In an April 2021 court brief seeking dismissal of the suit, Fox attorney [[Paul Clement]] argued that the network was simply "reporting allegations made by a sitting President and his lawyers."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lawandcrime.com/2020-election/fox-news-lawyers-renew-bid-to-get-smartmatics-billion-dollar-case-thrown-out-of-court-the-real-threat-to-democracy-is-this-lawsuit/|title=Fox News Lawyers Renew Bid to Get Smartmatic's Billion-Dollar Case Thrown Out of Court: The Real 'Threat' to Democracy Is This Lawsuit|date=April 26, 2021|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> A New York State Supreme Court judge ruled in March 2022 that the suit could proceed, though he dismissed allegations against [[Sidney Powell]] and Pirro, and some claims against Giuliani. The judge allowed allegations against Bartiromo and Dobbs to stand.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stempel |first1=Jonathan |title=Smartmatic can pursue election-rigging claims against Fox News, Giuliani |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/smartmatic-can-pursue-election-rigging-claims-against-fox-news-giuliani-2022-03-08/ |publisher=Reuters |date=March 8, 2022}}</ref> The [[New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division]] unanimously rejected a Fox News bid to dismiss the Smartmatic suit in February 2023. The court reinstated defamation allegations against Giuliani and Pirro.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stempel |first1=Jonathan |title=Fox News must face Smartmatic's lawsuit over election-rigging claims |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/fox-news-must-face-smartmatics-lawsuit-over-election-rigging-claims-2023-02-14/ |publisher=Reuters |date=February 14, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Larson |first1=Eric |title=Giuliani, Pirro Thrown Back Into 2020 Vote-Fraud Defamation Case |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-14/giuliani-pirro-thrown-back-into-2020-vote-fraud-defamation-case |publisher=Bloomberg News |date=February 14, 2023}}</ref>
In December 2020, Dominion Voting Systems sent a similar letter demanding retractions to Trump attorney Sidney Powell,<ref>{{cite news|date=December 17, 2020|title=Days After Smartmatic's Legal Threat, Dominion Voting Systems Follows Suit with Demand Letter to Sidney Powell|url=https://lawandcrime.com/2020-election/days-after-smartmatics-legal-threat-dominion-voting-systems-follows-suit-with-demand-letter-to-sidney-powell/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=December 18, 2020|title=Lou Dobbs Airs Stunning Fact-Check of His Own Election Claims|url=https://www.mediaite.com/tv/lou-dobbs-airs-stunning-fact-check-of-his-own-election-conspiracies-after-company-threatens-legal-action/|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=December 19, 2020|title=Lou Dobbs debunks his own claims of election fraud—after a legal demand from Smartmatic|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2020/12/19/lou-dobbs-debunk-fact-check-smartmatic/|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> who had promoted the allegations on Fox programs.<ref>{{cite news|date=December 20, 2020|title=Fox News fact-checks Smartmatic voting machine fraud claim in staged video|website=The Guardian|url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/dec/20/fox-news-retracts-voting-machine-fraud-claim-smartmatic|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=December 20, 2020|title=Jeanine Pirro's Show Runs Same Fact-Check as Lou Dobbs—At End of Show With Guest Host|url=https://www.mediaite.com/tv/jeanine-pirros-show-runs-same-fact-check-as-lou-dobbs-at-end-of-show-with-guest-host-filling-in/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=December 20, 2020|title=Maria Bartiromo Airs Fact-Check, Adds 'We Will Keep Investigating'|url=https://www.mediaite.com/tv/maria-bartiromo-airs-same-fact-check-of-election-conspiracies-as-fox-colleagues-adds-we-will-keep-investigating/}}</ref> On March 26, 2021, Dominion filed a $1.6{{Nbsp}}billion defamation lawsuit against Fox News, alleging that Fox and some of its pundits spread conspiracy theories about Dominion, and allowed guests to make false statements about the company.<ref name="Izadi-2021">{{cite news|last=Izadi|first=Elahe|date=March 26, 2021|title=Fox News sued by Dominion Voting for $1.6 billion over election fraud claims|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2021/03/26/fox-dominion-lawsuit-defamation/|access-date=March 26, 2021|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> On May 18, 2021, Fox News filed a motion to dismiss the Dominion Voting Systems lawsuit, asserting a [[First Amendment]] right "to inform the public about newsworthy allegations of paramount public concern."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Folkenflik|first1=David|last2=Romo|first2=Vanessa|date=May 18, 2021|title=Fox News Moves To Have Dominion Voting Systems Lawsuit Dismissed|publisher=[[NPR]]|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/05/18/998099249/fox-news-moves-to-have-dominion-voting-systems-lawsuit-dismissed|access-date=May 23, 2021}}</ref> The motion to dismiss was denied on December 16, 2021, by a Delaware Superior Court judge.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Keller |first1=Aaron |title='The Court Can Infer That Fox Intended to Avoid the Truth': Judge Refuses to Dismiss Dominion Lawsuit Against Fox News Over 2020 Election Coverage |url=https://lawandcrime.com/2020-election/the-court-can-infer-that-fox-intended-to-avoid-the-truth-judge-refuses-to-dismiss-dominion-lawsuit-against-fox-news-over-2020-election-coverage/ |work=Law and Crime |date=December 16, 2021|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> In addition to Bartiromo, Dobbs, and Pirro, the suit also names primetime hosts Tucker Carlson and Sean Hannity.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Larson |first1=Erik |title=Dominion Defamation Suit Against Fox Can Move Forward |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-17/dominion-defamation-suit-against-fox-gets-go-ahead-from-judge |publisher=Bloomberg News |date=December 16, 2021|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> Venezuelan businessman Majed Khalil sued Fox, Dobbs and Powell for $250 million in December 2021, alleging they had falsely implicated him in rigging Dominion and Smartmatic machines.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shamsian |first1=Jacob |title=Venezuelan man files $250 million lawsuit against Fox News and Sidney Powell after baseless accusations that he rigged 2020 election results |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/venezuelan-man-sues-fox-news-sidney-powell-for-conspiracy-theories-2021-12 |work=Business Insider |date=December 28, 2021|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> Dobbs and Fox News reached a confidential settlement with Khalil in April 2023.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Farrell |first1=Maureen |title=Fox News Settles Defamation Case With Venezuelan Businessman |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/09/business/fox-news-venezuela-dominion.html |work=The New York Times |date=April 9, 2023}}</ref>
Fox News was the only major network or cable news outlet to not carry the first televised [[prime time]] hearing of the [[January 6 committee]] live; its regular programming of ''[[Tucker Carlson Tonight]]'' and ''[[Hannity]]'' was aired without commercial breaks. During the weeks following the election, Carlson and Hannity often amplified Trump's election falsehoods on their programs; previously disclosed text messages between Hannity and White House press secretary [[Kayleigh McEnany]] were presented during the hearing. Hannity told his audience, "Unlike this committee and their cheerleaders in the media mob, we will actually be telling you the truth," while Carlson said, "This is the only hour on an American news channel that won't be covering their propaganda live. They are lying and we are not going to help them do it."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Folkenflik |first1=David |title=Only one major cable news channel did not carry the Jan. 6 hearing live: Fox News |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/06/10/1104116455/fox-news-jan-6-hearing?t=1654877226057 |publisher=National Public Radio |date=June 10, 2022|quote=As it turned out, the hearings would also have repeatedly required Fox to have broadcast flat contradictions of what many leading Fox News personalities have told their audiences in the past year and a half—including Tucker Carlson and Sean Hannity. Instead, their prime-time shows continued without commercial interruption Thursday, offering an alternate reality to a hearing that showed vivid and bloody detail of a national crisis.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=CNN Exclusive: New text messages reveal Fox's Hannity advising Trump White House and seeking direction |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/29/politics/hannity-text-messages-meadows-trump-white-house/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=April 30, 2022|author1=Jamie Gangel|author2=Jeremy Herb|author3=Elizabeth Stuart|author4=Brian Stelter}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |title=Fox News gives its viewers a revisionist history lesson of Jan. 6. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/09/us/tucker-carlson-sean-hannity-fox-news-jan-6.html |work=The New York Times |date=June 9, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Mastrangelo |first1=Dominick |title=Tucker Carlson: Jan. 6 panel is 'lying and we are not going to help them do it' |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/media/3518349-defiant-tucker-carlson-boasts-fox-news-channel-not-carrying-jan-6-hearing-propaganda-live/ |work=The Hill |date=June 9, 2022}}</ref>
In June 2022, a Delaware Superior Court judge again declined to dismiss the Dominion suit against Fox News, and also allowed Dominion to sue the network's corporate parent, Fox Corporation. The judge ruled that Rupert and [[Lachlan Murdoch|Lachlan]] Murdoch may have acted with [[actual malice]] because there was a reasonable inference they "either knew Dominion had not manipulated the election or at least recklessly disregarded the truth when they allegedly caused Fox News to propagate its claims about Dominion." He noted a report that Rupert Murdoch spoke with Trump a few days after the election and informed him that he had lost.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fox News Parent Has to Face Defamation Suit Over Vote-Rigging Claims |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-06-21/fox-corp-loses-bid-to-toss-dominion-suit-over-election-claims |publisher=Bloomberg News |date=June 21, 2022|author1=Erik Larson|author2= Mike Leonard}}</ref>
''The New York Times'' reported in December 2022 that Dominion had acquired communications between Fox News executives and hosts, and between a Fox Corporation employee and the Trump White House, showing they knew that what the network was reporting was untrue. Dominion attorneys said hosts Sean Hannity and Tucker Carlson, and Fox executives, attested to this in sworn depositions. In November 2020, Hannity hosted [[Sidney Powell]], who asserted Dominion machines had been rigged, but said in his deposition, "I did not believe it for one second."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |title=In Testimony, Hannity and Other Fox Employees Said They Doubted Trump's Fraud Claims |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/21/business/media/sean-hannity-fox-trump-election.html |work=The New York TImes |date=December 21, 2022}}</ref> A February 2023 Dominion court filing showed Fox News primetime hosts messaging each other to insult and mock Trump advisers, indicating the hosts knew the allegations made by Powell and Giuliani were false. Rupert Murdoch messaged that Trump's voter fraud claims were "really crazy stuff," telling Fox News CEO Suzanne Scott that it was "terrible stuff damaging everybody, I fear." As a January 2021 Georgia runoff election approached that would determine party control of the U.S. Senate, Murdoch told Scott, "Trump will concede eventually and we should concentrate on Georgia, helping any way we can."<ref>{{cite news |title=Fox Stars Privately Expressed Disbelief About Election Fraud Claims. 'Crazy Stuff.' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/business/media/fox-dominion-lawsuit.html |work=The New York Times |date=February 16, 2023|author1=Jeremy W. Peters|author2=Katie Robertson}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Fox News hosts called 2020 election fraud 'total BS' in private, new Dominion court filing says |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/fox-news-hosts-called-2020-election-fraud-total/story?id=97261751 |publisher=ABC News |date=February 16, 2023|author1=Olivia Rubin|author2=Lucien Bruggeman}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Klasfeld |first1=Adam |title='Really crazy stuff': Rupert Murdoch trashed Rudy Giuliani's election theories, unsealed filing in Fox News suit reveals |url=https://lawandcrime.com/2020-election/really-crazy-stuff-rupert-murdoch-trashed-rudy-giulianis-election-theories-unsealed-filing-in-fox-news-suit-reveals/ |work=Law&Crime |date=February 16, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dominion Voting Systems v. Fox News Network court filing |url=https://int.nyt.com/data/documenttools/redacted-documents-in-dominion-fox-news-case/dca5e3880422426f/full.pdf |date=February 16, 2023}}</ref>
After the 2016 election, the network developed a cutting-edge system to call elections, which proved very successful during the 2018 midterm elections. The network was the first to call the 2020 Arizona race for Biden, angering many viewers. Washington managing editor [[Bill Sammon]] supervised the network's Decision Desk that made the call. [[Bret Baier]] and [[Martha MacCallum]], the network's main news anchors, suggested during a high-level conference call that relying solely on data to make the call was inadequate and that viewer reaction should also be considered; MacCallum said, "in a Trump environment, the game is just very, very different." Sammon stood by the 2020 call and was fired by the network after the January 2021 Georgia runoff.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |title=Inside the Panic at Fox News After the 2020 Election |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/04/us/politics/panic-fox-news-2020-election.html |work=The New York Times |date=March 4, 2023}}</ref>
In 2023, Rupert Murdoch was deposed and testified that some Fox News commentators were endorsing [[Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election|election fraud claims]] they knew were false.<ref name="Matza_2/27/2023">{{cite web | last=Matza | first=Max | title=Rupert Murdoch says Fox News hosts endorsed false election fraud claims | website=[[BBC News]] | date=February 28, 2023 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-64794606 | access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Peters_Robertson_2/27/2023">{{cite web | last1=Peters | first1=Jeremy W | last2=Robertson | first2=Katie | title=Murdoch Acknowledges Fox News Hosts Endorsed Election Fraud Falsehoods | website=[[The New York Times]] | date=February 27, 2023 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/27/business/media/fox-news-dominion-rupert-murdoch.html | access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
In February 2023, Fox's internal communications were released, showing that its presenters and senior executives privately doubted Donald Trump's claims of a stolen election.<ref name=Crazy>{{cite news |title=Fox Stars Privately Expressed Disbelief About Election Fraud Claims. 'Crazy Stuff.' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/business/media/fox-dominion-lawsuit.html |work=The New York TImes |date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230419071342/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/business/media/fox-dominion-lawsuit.html |archive-date=April 19, 2023 |first1=Jeremy |last1=Peters |first2=Katie |last2=Robertson}}</ref> Chairman Rupert Murdoch once described Trump's voter fraud claims as "really crazy stuff", and also said that Trump advisers Rudy Giuliani and Sidney Powell's television appearances were "terrible stuff damaging everybody".<ref name=Crazy/> One November 2020 exchange showed Tucker Carlson accusing Powell of "lying ... I caught her. It's insane", with Laura Ingraham responding that "Sidney is a complete nut. No one will work with her. Ditto with Rudy".<ref name=Crazy/> In another exchange that month, Carlson called for Fox journalist Jacqui Heinrich to be "fired" because she fact-checked Trump and said that there was no evidence of voter fraud from Dominion.<ref name=Crazy/> Carlson said that Heinrich's actions "needs to stop immediately, like tonight. It's measurably hurting the company. The stock price is down", while Heinrich deleted the fact-check the next morning.<ref name=Crazy/>
In March 2023, more of Fox's internal communications were released.<ref name=Levine>{{Cite news |last=Levine |first=Sam |date=March 29, 2023 |title=Angry Fox News chief said fact-checks of Trump's election lies 'bad for business' |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/mar/29/fox-news-trump-fact-check-election-lies-dominion |access-date=March 31, 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> One November 2020 communication showed Fox CEO Suzanne Scott criticizing fact-checking, stating that she cannot "keep defending these reporters who don't understand our viewers and how to handle stories ... The audience feels like we crapped on" them, and Fox was losing their audience's "trust and belief" in them.<ref name=Levine/> Another December 2020 communication showed Scott responding to Fox presenter Eric Shawn's fact-checking of Donald Trump's false 2020 election claims by demanding that the fact-checking "has to stop now ... This is bad business ... The audience is furious."<ref name=Levine/>
On March 31, 2023, Delaware Superior Court judge Eric Davis ruled in a [[summary judgment]] that it "is CRYSTAL clear that none of the statements relating to Dominion about the 2020 election are true" and ordered for the case to go to trial.<ref name=crystal>{{cite news |title=Fox News Suffers Major Setback in Its Defamation Case |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/31/business/fox-dominion-defamation-case.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230401051148/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/31/business/fox-dominion-defamation-case.html |archive-date=April 1, 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=March 31, 2023|first1=Jeremy |last1=Peters| first2=Katie |last2=Robertson}}</ref>
On April 18, 2023, Fox News reached a settlement with Dominion just before the trial started, concluding the lawsuit; Fox agreed to pay Dominion $787.5 million, and further stated: "We acknowledge the Court's rulings finding certain claims about Dominion to be false".<ref name=787m>{{cite news |title=Fox to pay Dominion Voting Systems $787.5 million to settle election defamation lawsuit |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/18/fox-news-and-dominion-settle-election-defamation-lawsuit-judge-says.html |access-date=April 19, 2023 |first1=Dan |last1=Mangan |first2=Kevin |last2=Breuninger |first3=Lillian |last3=Rizzo |work=[[CNBC]] |date=April 18, 2023}}</ref>
===Compulsory reductions in meat consumption===
In April 2021,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxbusiness.com/media/kudlow-bidens-climate-plan-means-no-meat-for-the-4th-of-july-have-grilled-brussel-sprouts-instead|title=Kudlow: Biden's Green New Deal means no meat for the 4th of July, have grilled Brussels sprouts instead|date=April 23, 2021|website=Fox Business|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref> at least five Fox News and Fox Business personalities amplified a story published by the ''[[Daily Mail]]'', a British tabloid, that incorrectly linked a university study to President Joe Biden's climate change agenda, to falsely assert that Americans would be compelled to dramatically reduce their meat consumption to mitigate [[greenhouse gas emissions]] caused by [[flatulence]]. Fox News aired a graphic detailing the supposed compulsory reductions, falsely indicating the information came from the [[United States Department of Agriculture|Agriculture Department]], which numerous Republican politicians and commentators tweeted. Fox News anchor [[John Roberts (journalist)|John Roberts]] reported to "say goodbye to your burgers if you want to sign up to the Biden climate agenda." Days later, Roberts acknowledged on air that the story was false.<ref>{{cite web|last=Dale|first=Daniel|author-link=Daniel Dale|date=April 26, 2021|title=Fact check: No, Biden is not trying to force Americans to eat less red meat|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/26/politics/fact-check-biden-climate-plan-red-meat-hamburger/index.html|access-date=May 8, 2021|publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2021/4/26/22403599/biden-red-meat-ban-burger-kudlow|title=Biden's fake burger ban and the rising culture war over meat|first=Zack|last=Beauchamp|date=April 26, 2021|website=Vox|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/04/27/fact-check-biden-climate-plan-doesnt-require-us-stop-eating-meat/7385050002/|title=Fact check: False claim ties Biden's climate plan to reducing meat consumption|first=Chiara|last=Vercellone|date=April 27, 2021|website=USA Today|access-date=February 23, 2022}}</ref>
=== Report that Biden administration was continuing to build the Mexico–United States border wall ===
According to analysis by Media Matters, on May 12, 2021, Fox News reported on its website: "Biden resumes [[Mexico–United States border wall|border wall]] construction after promising to halt it". Correspondent Bill Melugin then appeared on ''[[Special Report with Bret Baier]]'' to report "the [[U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]] is actually going to be restarting border wall construction down in the Rio Grande Valley" after "a lot of blowback and pressure from local residents and local politicians." After the Corps of Engineers tweeted a clarification, Melugin deleted a tweet about the story and tweeted an "update" clarifying that a levee wall was being constructed to mitigate damage to flood control systems caused by uncompleted wall construction, and the website story headline was changed to "Biden administration to resume border wall levee construction as crisis worsens." Later on ''Fox News Primetime'', host [[Brian Kilmeade]] briefly noted the levee but commented to former Trump advisor [[Stephen Miller (advisor)|Stephen Miller]]: "They're going to restart building the wall again, Stephen." Fox News host [[Sean Hannity]] later broadcast the original Melugin story without any mention of the levee.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/fox-news-runs-false-story-biden-administration-was-building-trumps-border-wall-its|title=Fox News runs false story that Biden administration was building Trump's border wall. It's actually a repair job on flood control systems.|first=Eric|last=Kleefeld|website=Media Matters for America|date=May 13, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/changing-america/resilience/refugees/553336-biden-administration-resumes-repairing-wall-on-southern/|title=Biden administration resumes repairing wall on southern border to prevent 'catastrophic flooding'|first=Christian|last=Spencer|date=May 13, 2021|website=The Hill}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 18, 2021 |title=Rio Grande levee repairs not a resumption of Trump border wall |url=https://factcheck.afp.com/rio-grande-levee-repairs-not-resumption-trump-border-wall |access-date=August 23, 2022 |website=AFP Fact Check |language=en}}</ref>
{{Anchor|Criticism and controversies}}
===Crime reporting===
[[Media Matters]] reported in September 2024 that during the Biden presidency Fox News had promoted a false "crime crisis" narrative, particularly directed toward undocumented migrants, which reflected Donald Trump's political rhetoric. The Fox News narrative consisted of reported violent crime anecdotes rather than FBI crime rate statistics showing violent crime had declined significantly since 2020. One Fox host, [[Ainsley Earhardt]], said that even if the FBI data were right, "we're all a little bit more scared than we used to be." Later that month, weeks before the 2024 presidential election, the FBI released crime data for 2023 showing that violent crime had declined 3% from 2022. The report was widely covered by mainstream news outlets that day, though the Fox News coverage was limited to a 28-second segment by evening anchor [[Bret Baier]]. He reported "critics say the report is not accurate because it does not include big cities," echoing a false assertion made by [[Elon Musk]] and other Trump supporters on social media.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gertz |first1=Matt |title=Fox's "crime crisis" narrative imploded at the debate and the network is furious |url=https://www.mediamatters.org/crime-and-criminal-justice/foxs-crime-crisis-narrative-imploded-debate-and-network-furious |publisher=Media Matters |date=September 11, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Passantino |first1=Jon |last2=Reilly |first2=Liam |title=Did you know violent crime is down? Not if you're watching right-wing media |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/24/media/violent-crime-report-fbi-right-wing-media-fox/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=September 24, 2024}}</ref>
==Controversies==
<!--SEE TALK PAGE BEFORE ADDING ANYTHING RELATED TO FNC'S POSSIBLE EDITS TO WIKIPEDIA-->
{{Main|Fox News controversies}}
===Sexual harassment===
The network has been accused of permitting [[sexual harassment]] and [[racial discrimination]] by on-air hosts, executives, and employees,<ref name="Guthrie 2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/roger-ailes-resigns-as-fox-913206 |title=Roger Ailes Resigns as Fox News Chief After Sexual Harassment Accusations |first=Marisa |last=Guthrie |date=July 21, 2016 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Steel 2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/19/business/media/bill-oreilly-fox-news-allegations.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/19/business/media/bill-oreilly-fox-news-allegations.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Bill O'Reilly Is Forced Out at Fox News |last1=Steel |first1=Emily |last2=Schmidt |first2=Michael S. |date=April 19, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=April 28, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="Ember 2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/25/business/media/fox-news-racial-discrimination-lawsuit.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/25/business/media/fox-news-racial-discrimination-lawsuit.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=11 Sue Fox News, Citing 'Intolerable' Racial Bias |last=Ember |first=Sydney |date=April 25, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=April 27, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> paying out millions of dollars in legal settlements.<ref name="Chappell 2016">{{Cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/06/492797695/fox-news-will-pay-gretchen-carlson-20-million-to-settle-sexual-harassment-suit |title=Fox Will Pay Gretchen Carlson $20 Million To Settle Sexual Harassment Suit |first=Bill |last=Chappell |date=September 6, 2016 |publisher=NPR |access-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/04/19/524751613/fox-news-turmoil-highlights-workplace-cultures-role-in-sexual-harassment |title=Fox News Turmoil Highlights Workplace Culture's Role In Sexual Harassment |first=Yuki |last=Noguchi |date=April 19, 2017 |publisher=[[NPR]] |access-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref> Prominent Fox News figures such as Roger Ailes, [[Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)|Bill O'Reilly]] and [[Eric Bolling]] were fired after many women accused them of sexual harassment. At least four lawsuits alleged Fox News co-president [[Bill Shine]] ignored, enabled or concealed Roger Ailes' alleged sexual harassment.<ref name="Grynbaum-2017c">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/27/business/media/fox-news-sean-hannity-bill-shine.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/27/business/media/fox-news-sean-hannity-bill-shine.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Sean Hannity Defends Executive as Fox News Turmoil Continues |last1=Grynbaum |first1=Michael M. |last2=Steel |first2=Emily |date=April 27, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=October 12, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="Sakoui-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-04-28/sean-hannity-defends-boss-says-ouster-would-be-end-of-fox-news |title=Sean Hannity Defends Boss, Says Ouster Would Be End of Fox News |first=Anousha |last=Sakoui |date=April 28, 2017 |publisher=Bloomberg L.P. |access-date=October 12, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/may/25/sean-hannity-fox-news-media-matters-seth-rich |title=Sean Hannity targets media watchdog amid questions over future at Fox News |last=Gabbatt |first=Adam |date=May 25, 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=October 13, 2017 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Fox News CEO Rupert Murdoch has dismissed the high-profile sexual misconduct allegations as "largely political" and speculated they were made "because we are conservative".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/12/14/fox-news-sexual-harassment-allegations-rupert-murdoch-politics-297733 |title=Murdoch: Sexual harassment allegations against Fox News 'largely political' |first=Cristiano |last=Lima |date=December 14, 2017 |website=Politico |access-date=December 15, 2017}}</ref>
Bill O'Reilly and Fox News settled six agreements, totaling $45 million, with women who accused O'Reilly of sexual harassment.<ref name="Steel-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/21/business/media/bill-oreilly-sexual-harassment.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/21/business/media/bill-oreilly-sexual-harassment.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Bill O'Reilly Settled New Harassment Claim, Then Fox Renewed His Contract |last1=Steel |first1=Emily |last2=Schmidt |first2=Michael S. |date=October 21, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=October 28, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-41730020 |title=Fox News: Bill O'Reilly and Megyn Kelly clash over sex claims |date=October 24, 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=October 28, 2017}}</ref> In January 2017, shortly after Bill O'Reilly settled a sexual harassment lawsuit for $32 million ("an extraordinarily large amount for such cases"), Fox News renewed Bill O'Reilly's contract.<ref name="Steel-2017"/> Fox News's parent company, 21st Century Fox, said it was aware of the lawsuit.<ref name="Steel-2017"/> The contract between O'Reilly and Fox News read he could not be fired from the network unless sexual harassment allegations were proven in court.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/nov/08/fox-news-bill-oreillys-contract-shielded-him-from-sex-claims-sacking |title=Fox News' Bill O'Reilly's contract 'shielded him from sex claims sacking' |last=Ruddick |first=Graham |date=November 8, 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=November 9, 2017 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
Fox News's extensive coverage of the [[Harvey Weinstein scandal]] in October 2017 was seen by some as hypocritical.<ref name="Axios">{{Cite news |url=https://www.axios.com/fox-news-weinstein-coverage-compared-to-oreilly-2502358974.html |title=Fox News has spent 35× more time on Weinstein than O'Reilly |first=Neal |last=Rothschild |date=October 27, 2017 |work=Axios |access-date=October 28, 2017 |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111222945/https://www.axios.com/fox-news-weinstein-coverage-compared-to-oreilly-2502358974.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Bauder-2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/tv/ct-fox-news-weinstein-oreilly-20171026-story.html |title=12 hours vs. 20 minutes: Fox News focuses on Weinstein harassment, ignoring O'Reilly |last=Bauder |first=David |date=October 26, 2017 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |access-date=October 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101034902/http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/tv/ct-fox-news-weinstein-oreilly-20171026-story.html |archive-date=November 1, 2017}}</ref> Fox News dedicated at least 12 hours of coverage to the Weinstein scandal, yet only dedicated 20 minutes to Bill O'Reilly, who just like Weinstein had been accused of sexual harassment by a multitude of women.<ref name="Axios"/><ref name="Bauder-2017"/> A few weeks later, when a number of females under the age of 18, including a 14-year-old, accused Alabama Senate candidate [[Roy Moore]] of making sexual advances, Hannity dismissed the sexual misconduct allegations and dedicated coverage on his television show to casting doubt on the accusers.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/sean-hannity-defends-roy-moores-sexual-misconduct-charges-saying-they-were-consensual-2017-11 |title=Fox News host Sean Hannity: 'I was not totally clear' while defending Roy Moore over sexual misconduct report |first=Rosie |last=Perper |date=November 10, 2017 |work=Business Insider |access-date=November 10, 2017 |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109040708/https://www.businessinsider.com/sean-hannity-defends-roy-moores-sexual-misconduct-charges-saying-they-were-consensual-2017-11?r=DE&IR=T%3Fr%3DUK |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/sean-hannity-roy-moore-allegations_us_5a050814e4b0e37d2f3697c2 |title=Fox News Forgets Its Own Sexual Harassment Problem And Again Attacks Victims |last=Madani |first=Doha |date=November 10, 2017 |work=HuffPost |access-date=November 10, 2017}}</ref> Other prime-time Fox News hosts Tucker Carlson and Laura Ingraham queried ''[[The Washington Post]]''{{'}}s reporting or opted to bring up sexual misconduct allegations regarding show business figures such as Harvey Weinstein and [[Louis C.K]].<ref name="Grynbaum-2017b">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/12/business/media/fox-news-roy-moore.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/12/business/media/fox-news-roy-moore.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=A Rightward Tilt and Big Ratings at Fox News |last=Grynbaum |first=Michael M. |date=November 12, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=November 13, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Fox News figures [[Jeanine Pirro]] and [[Gregg Jarrett]] questioned both the validity of ''The Washington Post''{{'}}s reporting and that of the women.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2017/11/12/opinions/roy-moore-snl-fox-news-opinion-obeidallah/index.html |title=SNL gets tough on Roy Moore, Fox News defends him |last=Obeidallah |first=Dean |date=November 13, 2017 |publisher=CNN |access-date=November 13, 2017}}</ref> In December 2017, a few days before the Alabama Senate election, Fox News, along with the conspiracy websites ''[[Breitbart News]]'' and ''[[The Gateway Pundit]]'', ran an inaccurate headline which claimed one of Roy Moore's accusers admitted to forging an inscription by Roy Moore in her yearbook; Fox News later added a correction to the story.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2017/dec/08/blog-posting/no-roy-moore-accuser-didnt-tamper-or-forge-yearboo/ |title=No, Roy Moore accuser didn't admit she forged signature |first=Manuela |last=Tobias |date=December 8, 2017 |work=Politifact |access-date=December 9, 2017 }}</ref>
A number of Fox News hosts have welcomed Bill O'Reilly to their shows and paid tributes to Roger Ailes after his death. In May 2017, Hannity called Ailes "a second father" and said to Ailes's "enemies" that he was "preparing to kick your a** in the next life".<ref name="Park-2017">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/sean-hannity-has-message-for-roger-ailes-enemies/ |title=Sean Hannity has message for Roger Ailes' enemies |first=Andrea |last=Park |date=May 18, 2017 |publisher=CBS News |access-date=October 12, 2017}}</ref> Ailes had the year before been fired from Fox News after women alleged he sexually harassed them.<ref name="Park-2017"/> In September 2017, several months after Bill O'Reilly was fired from Fox News in the wake of women alleging he sexually harassed them, Hannity hosted O'Reilly on his show.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/352439-hannity-to-host-oreilly-tuesday-for-second-interview-in-eight-days/ |title=Hannity to host O'Reilly Tuesday on Fox News |last=Lejeune |first=Tristan |date=September 26, 2017 |newspaper=The Hill |access-date=October 12, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Darcy-2017b">{{Cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/09/26/media/oreilly-hannity-fox-news-interview/index.html |title=Bill O'Reilly appears on Fox News for first time since his ouster |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=September 26, 2017 |work=CNN Money |access-date=October 12, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2017/09/27/bill-oreilly-returns-to-fox-as-sean-hannitys-guest/106036888/ |title=Bill O'Reilly returns to Fox as Sean Hannity's guest |date=September 27, 2017 |newspaper=USA Today |access-date=October 12, 2017 }}</ref> Some Fox News employees criticized the decision.<ref name="Darcy-2017b"/> According to CNN, during the interview, Hannity found kinship with O'Reilly as he appeared "to feel that he and O'Reilly have both become victims of liberals looking to silence them."<ref name="Darcy-2017b"/>
===Obama administration conflict===
In September 2009, the [[Obama administration]] engaged in a verbal conflict with Fox News Channel. On September 20, President [[Barack Obama]] appeared on all major news programs except Fox News, a snub partially in response to remarks about him by commentators Glenn Beck and Sean Hannity and Fox coverage of Obama's health-care proposal.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/12/business/media/12fox.html |title=Fox's Volley With Obama Intensifying |first=Brian |last=Stelter |date=October 12, 2009 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=May 2, 2010}}</ref><ref name="usnews.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.usnews.com/articles/news/obama/2009/10/23/fox-pushed-team-obama-over-the-brink.html |title=White House: Fox Pushed Team Obama Over the Brink |date=October 23, 2009 |website=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |access-date=July 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505002845/http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/obama/2009/10/23/fox-pushed-team-obama-over-the-brink.html |archive-date=May 5, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In late September 2009, Obama's senior advisor [[David Axelrod (political consultant)|David Axelrod]] and Roger Ailes met in secret to attempt to smooth out tensions between the two camps. Two weeks later, White House chief of staff [[Rahm Emanuel]] referred to FNC as "not a news network" and communications director [[Anita Dunn]] said "Fox News often operates as either the research arm or the communications arm of the Republican Party".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://features.csmonitor.com/politics/2009/10/23/the-fox-news-war-whats-the-upside-for-obama/ |title=The Fox News war: What's the upside for Obama? |first=Linda |last=Feldmann |date=October 23, 2009 |website=[[The Christian Science Monitor]] |access-date=October 23, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028030117/http://features.csmonitor.com/politics/2009/10/23/the-fox-news-war-whats-the-upside-for-obama/ |archive-date=October 28, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="nytimes_2019-10-23">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/23/us/politics/23fox.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823030324/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/23/us/politics/23fox.html |archive-date=August 23, 2010 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Behind the War Between White House and Fox |first=Jim |last=Rutenberg |date=October 23, 2009 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=May 2, 2010}}</ref> Obama commented: "If media is operating basically as a talk radio format, then that's one thing, and if it's operating as a news outlet, then that's another."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/president-obamas-feud-with-fox-news/ |title=President Obama's Feud with FOX News |date=October 23, 2009 |publisher=CBS News |access-date=July 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721171851/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/10/23/eveningnews/main5415921.shtml?tag=stack |archive-date=July 21, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Emanuel said it was important "to not have the CNNs and the others in the world basically be led in following Fox".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-rutten24-2009oct24,0,3009088.column |title=Obama's misguided Fox hunt |first=Tim |last=Rutten |date=October 24, 2009 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=May 2, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028012545/http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-rutten24-2009oct24,0,3009088.column |archive-date=October 28, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Within days, it was reported that Fox had been excluded from an interview with administration official [[Ken Feinberg]], with bureau chiefs from the White House press pool (ABC, CBS, NBC, and CNN) coming to Fox's defense.<ref name="nytimes_2019-10-23"/> A bureau chief said: "If any member had been excluded it would have been the same thing, it has nothing to do with Fox or the White House or the substance of the issues."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com/2009/10/wh-were-happy-to-exclude-fox-but-didnt-yesterday-with-feinberg-interview.php |title=WH: We're Happy To Exclude Fox, But Didn't Yesterday With Feinberg Interview |first=Christina |last=Bellantoni |date=October 23, 2009 |website=[[Talking Points Memo|TPMDC]] |access-date=July 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724015150/http://tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com/2009/10/wh-were-happy-to-exclude-fox-but-didnt-yesterday-with-feinberg-interview.php |archive-date=July 24, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Shortly after the story broke, the White House admitted to a low-level mistake, saying Fox had not made a specific request to interview Feinberg. Fox White House correspondent Major Garrett said he had not made a specific request, but had a "standing request from me as senior White House correspondent on Fox to interview any newsmaker at the Treasury at any given time news is being made".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mediaite.com/tv/finally-resolved-major-garrett-reveals-his-side-of-pay-czar-gate/ |title=Finally Resolved? Major Garrett Reveals ''His'' Side of Pay Czar-Gate |first=Steve |last=Krakauer |date=October 27, 2009 |website=Mediaite |access-date=January 18, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206112401/http://www.mediaite.com/tv/finally-resolved-major-garrett-reveals-his-side-of-pay-czar-gate/ |archive-date=December 6, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>
On November 8, 2009, the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' reported an unnamed Democratic consultant was warned by the White House not to appear on Fox News again. According to the article, Dunn claimed in an e-mail to have checked with colleagues who "deal with TV issues" who denied telling anyone to avoid Fox. [[Patrick Caddell]], a Fox News contributor and former pollster for President [[Jimmy Carter]], said he had spoken with other Democratic consultants who had received similar warnings from the White House.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-obama-fox8-2009nov08,0,507227.story?test=latestnews |title=Democratic consultant says he got a warning from White House after appearing on Fox News |first=Peter |last=Nicholas |date=November 8, 2009 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=May 2, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112093603/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-obama-fox8-2009nov08,0,507227.story?test=latestnews |archive-date=November 12, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>
On October 2, 2013, Fox News host [[Anna Kooiman]] cited on the air a fake story from the ''National Report'' parody site, which claimed Obama had offered to keep the International Museum of Muslim Cultures open with cash from his own pocket.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.com/blogs/sideshow/fox-news-mistakenly-airs-parody-of-obama-offering-to-personally-fund-muslim-museum-233837793.html |title=Fox News mistakenly airs parody of Obama offering to personally fund Muslim museum |first=Eric |last=Pfeiffer |date=October 6, 2013 |publisher=Yahoo! News |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.snopes.com/politics/satire/museum.asp |title=Obama Uses Own Money to Open Muslim Museum Amid Government Shutdown |first=Barbara |last=Mikkelson |date=October 5, 2013 |work=[[Snopes]] |access-date=October 6, 2013}}</ref>
=== Journalistic ethical standards ===
Fox News attracted controversy in April 2018 when it was revealed primetime host Sean Hannity had defended Trump's then personal attorney Michael Cohen on air without disclosing Cohen was his lawyer.<ref name="No Disclosure-NYT">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/17/business/media/sean-hannity-fox-news.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/17/business/media/sean-hannity-fox-news.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=No Disclosure? No Problem. Sean Hannity Gets a Pass at Fox News. |last1=Grynbaum |first1=Michael M. |last2=Koblin |first2=John |date=April 17, 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=April 28, 2018 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> On April 9, 2018, federal agents from the [[U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York|U.S. Attorney's office]] served a search warrant on Cohen's office and residence.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-cohen-raid/fbi-raids-offices-home-of-trumps-personal-lawyer-sources-idUSKBN1HG336 |title=FBI raids offices, home of Trump's personal lawyer: sources |last1=Strobel |first1=Warren |last2=Walcott |first2=John |date=April 10, 2018 |work=Reuters |access-date=April 10, 2018}}</ref> On the air, Hannity defended Cohen and criticized the federal action, calling it "highly questionable" and "an unprecedented abuse of power".<ref name="Winter">{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-wants-review-some-materials-seized-cohen-fbi-raid-n866226 |title=Fox News host Sean Hannity revealed as Michael Cohen's mystery client |last1=Winter |first1=Tom |last2=Edelman |first2=Adam |date=April 16, 2018 |publisher=NBC News |access-date=April 16, 2018}}</ref> On April 16, 2018, in a court hearing, Cohen's lawyers told the judge that Cohen had ten clients in 2017–2018 but did "traditional legal tasks" for only three: Trump, [[Elliott Broidy]], and a "prominent person" who did not wish to be named for fear of being "embarrassed".<ref name="Miller">{{cite web |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/michael-cohen-sean-hannity_us_5ad4ef98e4b016a07e9f6410 |title=Identity Of Michael Cohen's 'Mystery' Client Revealed As Sean Hannity |last1=Miller |first1=Hayley |last2=Blumberg |first2=Antonia |work=[[HuffPost]] |date=April 16, 2018 |access-date=April 17, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-russia-cohen/foxs-hannity-revealed-as-mystery-client-of-trumps-personal-lawyer-idUSKBN1HN12G |title=Fox's Hannity revealed as mystery client of Trump's personal lawyer |last1=Pierson |first1=Brendan |last2=Freifeld |first2=Karen |last3=Stempel |first3=Jonathan |date=April 18, 2018 |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=April 18, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/16/business/media/sean-hannity-michael-cohen-client.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/16/business/media/sean-hannity-michael-cohen-client.html |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Sean Hannity Is Named as Client of Michael Cohen, Trump's Lawyer |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Grynbaum |first2=Michael |last3=Koblin |first3=John |date=April 16, 2018 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=April 18, 2018 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> The federal judge ordered the revelation of the third client, whom Cohen's lawyers named as Hannity.<ref name="Miller"/>
Hannity was not sanctioned by Fox News for this breach of journalistic ethics, with Fox News releasing a statement that the channel was unaware of Hannity's relationship to Cohen and that it had "spoken to Sean and he continues to have our full support."<ref name="No Disclosure-NYT"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/hannitys-rising-role-in-trumps-world-he-basically-has-a-desk-in-the-place/2018/04/17/e2483018-4260-11e8-8569-26fda6b404c7_story.html |title=Hannity's rising role in Trump's world: 'He basically has a desk in the place' |last1=Costa |first1=Robert |last2=Ellison |first2=Sarah |last3=Dawsey |first3=Josh |date=April 17, 2018 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=April 28, 2018 |issn=0190-8286 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/17/sean-hannity-fox-news-full-support-michael-cohen-528948 |title=Cohen controversy tests Hannity's Teflon Sean reputation |first=Cristiano |last=Lima |date=April 17, 2018 |website=Politico |access-date=April 28, 2018}}</ref><ref name="cohenCNBC">{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/17/watchdogs-attack-sean-hannity-for-hiding-link-to-trump-lawyer-cohen.html |title=Fox News gives Sean Hannity 'full support' as critics slam him for hiding link to Trump lawyer |last=Breuninger |first=Kevin |date=April 17, 2018 |publisher=CNBC |access-date=April 28, 2018}}</ref> Media ethics experts said that Hannity's disclosure failure was a major breach of journalistic ethics and that the network should have suspended or fired him for it.<ref name="cohenCNBC"/>
=== NYC Human Rights Law violations ===
In mid-2021, Fox News agreed to pay a $1 million settlement to New York City after its [[Commission on Human Rights]] cited "a pattern of violating the [[New York City Human Rights Law|NYC Human Rights Law]]". A Fox News spokesperson claimed that "FOX News Media has already been in full compliance across the board, but [settled] to continue enacting extensive preventive measures against all forms of discrimination and harassment."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Perrett|first=Connor|date=June 29, 2021|title=Fox News agrees to pay $1 million fine for human rights law violation in New York City|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/fox-news-1-million-fine-human-rights-law-violation-2021-6|access-date=July 3, 2021|website=Business Insider}}</ref>
=== Climate denial and misinformation ===
During the May 22, 2023, episode of Fox News Tonight, discussing Roman climate protesters drawing attention on drought and floods in Italy, the correspondent Trace Gallagher downplayed the role of climate change for the recent meteorological situation pointing at Italian history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FoxNewsTonight-2023-05-22-Protest-Climate {{!}} Media Matters for America |url=https://www.mediamatters.org/media/4008949 |access-date=September 16, 2023 |website=www.mediamatters.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Evlondo |date=August 7, 2023 |title=National news' scant coverage of climate protests largely overlooked the scientific urgency driving controversial climate actions |url=https://www.mediamatters.org/broadcast-networks/national-news-scant-coverage-climate-protests-largely-overlooked-scientific |access-date=September 16, 2023 |website=Media Matters for America |language=en}}</ref>
==International transmission==
[[File:Fox News World Providers Map.svg|thumb|Countries where Fox News is provided|alt=World map, with countries carrying terrestrial FNC in red and satellite providers in orange]]
The Fox News Channel feed has international availability via multiple providers, while ''Fox Extra'' segments provide alternate programming.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,77537,00.html |title=Fox Around the World |date=March 6, 2012 |publisher=Fox News |access-date=May 7, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413005841/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,77537,00.html |archive-date=April 13, 2012}}</ref> Fox News is carried in more than 40 countries.
===Australia===
In Australia, FNC is broadcast on the dominant pay television provider [[Foxtel]].
===Brazil===
FNC reached Brazil through [[Sky Brasil]] on November 1, 2002, after being introduced at ABTA 2002.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fox News estréia dia 1º na Sky |url=https://telaviva.com.br/22/10/2002/fox-news-estreia-dia-1o-na-sky/ |work=Tela Viva |date=October 22, 2002 |language=pt-br}}</ref> Commercials on FNC are replaced with ''Fox Extra''. It is available on [[Vivo TV]].
===Canada===
Fox had initially planned to launch a joint venture with [[Canwest]]'s [[Global Television Network]], tentatively named Fox News Canada, which would have featured a mixture of U.S. and [[Canadian content|Canadian]] news programming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=December 18, 2003 |title=ARCHIVED - Call for comments on proposals for the addition of non-Canadian satellite services to the list of services eligible for digital distribution |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2003/pb2003-67.htm |access-date=June 26, 2023 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> As a result, the [[CRTC]] denied a 2003 application requesting permission for Fox News Channel to be [[List of foreign television channels available in Canada|carried in Canada]]. However, in March 2004, a Fox executive said the venture had been shelved; in November of that year, the CRTC added Fox News to its whitelist of foreign channels that may be carried by television providers.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/crtc-approves-fox-news-for-canada-1.492643 |title=CRTC approves Fox News for Canada |date=November 18, 2004 |publisher=CBC News |access-date=August 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207192831/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2004/11/18/fox_crtc041118.html |archive-date=February 7, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In May 2023, the CRTC announced that it would open a public consultation regarding the channel's carriage in Canada, acting upon complaints by the LGBT advocacy group [[Egale Canada]] surrounding an episode of ''Tucker Carlson Tonight'' that contained content described as "malicious misinformation" regarding trans, non-binary, gender non-conforming, and [[two-spirit]] communities, including "the inflammatory and false claim that trans people are 'targeting' Christians."<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRTC considering banning Fox News from Canadian cable packages |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/crtc-ban-fox-news-canadian-cable |access-date=May 5, 2023 |website=nationalpost |language=en-CA}}</ref>
===France===
Fox News is available on cable through French Internet provider [[Free (ISP)|Free]] on channel 352.{{citation needed |date=November 2017}}
===India===
It is available through streaming service [[Disney+ Hotstar]].
===Indonesia===
In [[Indonesia]], it is available on Channel 397 on pay-TV provider [[First Media (Indonesian media company)|First Media]].
===Ireland===
:''See: [[#United Kingdom and Ireland|United Kingdom & Ireland]].''
===Israel===
In Israel, FNC is broadcast on Channel 105 of the satellite provider [[yes (Israel)|Yes]], as well as being carried on Cellcom TV and Partner TV.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cellcomtv.cellcom.co.il/content/channels/ |title=ערוצי הטלוויזיה של סלקום tv – כל הערוצים שצריך במקום אחד |trans-title=Cellcom TV's TV channels – all the channels needed in one place |publisher=Cellcom TV |access-date=December 24, 2017 |archive-date=August 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808040444/https://cellcomtv.cellcom.co.il/content/channels/ }}</ref> It is also broadcast on channel 200 on cable operator [[HOT (Israel)|HOT]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hot.net.il/heb/TV/channels/hotchannels/ |title=HOT channel listing |website=Hot.net |access-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813133237/http://www.hot.net.il/heb/TV/channels/hotchannels/ |archive-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref>
===Italy===
In Italy, FNC is broadcast on [[Sky Italia]]. Fox News was launched on [[Stream TV]] in 2001, and moved to [[Sky Italia]] in 2003.
=== Japan ===
Although service to Japan ceased in summer 2003, it can still be seen on Americable (distributor for [[United States Forces Japan|American bases]]),<ref name="histel">{{cite web |title=Channel Lineup 2024 – Americable Customer Care |url=https://kb.americable.net/knowledge-base/channels/ |access-date=August 6, 2024 |website=Americable |date=2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413133525/https://kb.americable.net/knowledge-base/channels/ |archive-date=April 13, 2024}}</ref> Mediatti ([[Kadena Air Base]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mccokinawa.com/cable|title=Mediatti|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119074844/http://www.mccokinawa.com/cable|archive-date=January 19, 2012}}</ref> and Pan Global TV Japan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.panglobaltvjapan.com/|title=Pan Global TV Japan|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203201941/http://panglobaltvjapan.com/|archive-date=February 3, 2011}}</ref>
===Mexico===
The channel's international feed is being carried by cable provider [[Izzi Telecom]].
===Netherlands===
In the Netherlands, Fox News has been carried by cable providers [[UPC Nederland]] and CASEMA, and satellite provider [[Canaldigitaal]]; all have dropped the channel in recent years. At this time, only cable provider Caiway (available in a limited number of towns in the central part of the country) is broadcasting the channel. The channel was also carried by IPTV provider KNIPPR (owned by [[T-Mobile International AG|T-Mobile]]).
===New Zealand===
In New Zealand, FNC is broadcast on Channel 088 of pay satellite operator [[SKY Network Television]]'s digital platform. It was formerly broadcast overnight on free-to-air [[UHF]] New Zealand TV channel [[Prime Television (New Zealand)|Prime]]; this was discontinued in January 2010, reportedly due to an expiring broadcasting license.<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 26, 2010 |title=Why is Fox News no longer airing on Prime? |url=http://skytv.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/909/~/why-is-fox-news-no-longer-airing-on-prime%3F |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120630215708/https://skytv.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/909/~/why-is-fox-news-no-longer-airing-on-prime%3F |archive-date=June 30, 2012 |access-date=August 27, 2010 |publisher=[[Sky (New Zealand)|Sky Network Television]]}}</ref>
===Pakistan===
In Pakistan, Fox News Channel is available on [[PTCL Smart TV]] and a number of cable and [[IPTV]] operators.
===Philippines===
In the [[Philippines]], Fox News Channel is available on [[Sky Cable]], [[Cablelink]] and [[G Sat]] Channel 50. It was available on [[Cignal]] until January 1, 2021, due to contract expiration; however, the channel returned on June 16, 2022.
=== Portugal ===
In Portugal, Fox News was available on [[MEO (telecommunication company)|Meo]]. The channel is however no longer available on the operator and it is not carried by other Portuguese TV operators.
===Scandinavia===
Between 2003 and 2006, in Sweden and the other [[Scandinavian countries]], FNC was broadcast 16 hours a day on [[TV8 (Sweden)|TV8]] (with ''Fox News Extra'' segments replacing U.S. advertising). Fox News was dropped by TV8 in September 2006.
===Singapore===
In Singapore, FNC is broadcast on pay-TV operator [[StarHub TV]], as well on [[Singtel TV]].
===South Africa===
In South Africa, FNC is broadcast on [[StarSat]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toptv.co.za/bouquet |title=Bouquet Channels |website=TopTV.co.za |access-date=October 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501235218/http://www.toptv.co.za/bouquet |archive-date=May 1, 2010}}</ref> The most popular pay television operator, [[DStv]], does not offer FNC in its channel bouquet.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://guide.dstv.com/channels |title=DStv Channels |date=May 6, 2018 |website=DStv |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405010514/http://guide.dstv.com/channels |archive-date=April 5, 2015 }}</ref>
=== Spain ===
In Spain, Fox News was available on [[Movistar Plus+]]. The channel was part of the operator since its first incarnation as [[Canal+ (Spanish TV provider)|Canal Satellite Digital]] in the early 2000s, but was later removed from the operator's satellite offer by March 2023, and ceased transmission to the remaining offers on July 9, 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mundoplus.tv/tv-digital/movistar-plus-elimina-un-canal-internacional-de-noticias-de-su-dial/ |title=Movistar Plus+ elimina un canal internacional de noticias de su dial |date=July 9, 2024 |website=MundoPlus.tv}}</ref> The channel is not carried by other Spanish TV operators.
===United Kingdom and Ireland===
FNC was carried in the [[Television in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] by [[Sky (UK and Ireland)|Sky]]. On August 29, 2017, Sky dropped Fox News; the broadcaster said its carriage was not "commercially viable" due to average viewership of fewer than 2,000 viewers per day. The company said the decision was unrelated to 21st Century Fox's proposed acquisition of the remainder of [[Sky plc]] (which ultimately led to a bidding war that resulted in its acquisition by [[Comcast]] instead).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2018/sep/26/rupert-murdochs-sky-reign-to-end-as-fox-sells-all-shares-to-comcast |title=Rupert Murdoch's Sky reign to end as Fox sells all shares to Comcast |last=Waterson |first=Jim |date=September 26, 2018 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=September 27, 2018}}</ref>
The potential co-ownership had prompted concerns from critics of the deal, who felt [[Sky News]] could similarly undergo a shift to an opinionated format with a right-wing viewpoint. However, such a move would violate [[Ofcom]] broadcast codes, which requires all news programming to show due impartiality. The channel's broadcasts in the country have violated this rule on several occasions.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/nov/06/fox-news-shows-broke-uk-tv-impartiality-rules-ofcom-finds |title=Fox News shows broke UK TV impartiality rules, Ofcom finds |last=Ruddick |first=Graham |date=November 6, 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=November 7, 2017 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/aug/29/sky-to-stop-broadcasting-rightwing-us-channel-fox-news-in-uk |title=Sky stops broadcasting rightwing US channel Fox News in UK |last1=Sweney |first1=Mark |last2=Ruddick |first2=Graham |date=August 29, 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=August 29, 2017|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/fox-news-stops-airing-uk-a-look-at-ofcom-rulings-1033789 |title=Fox News Stops Airing in U.K.: A Look at Ofcom Rulings Against It |first=Georg |last=Szalai |date=August 30, 2017 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=August 30, 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-41087659 |title=Sky stops broadcasting Fox News in UK |date=August 29, 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=August 29, 2017}}</ref>
==Notable personalities==
===Program hosts===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Bret Baier]]
* [[Maria Bartiromo]]
* [[Shannon Bream]]
* [[Will Cain]]
* [[Rachel Campos-Duffy]]
* [[Emily Compagno]]
* [[Steve Doocy]]
* [[Ainsley Earhardt]]
* [[Harris Faulkner]]
* [[Harold Ford Jr.]]
* [[Trace Gallagher]]
* [[Paul Gigot]]
* [[Trey Gowdy]]
* [[Greg Gutfeld]]
* [[Sean Hannity]]
* [[Bill Hemmer]]
* [[Charles Hurt]]
* [[Laura Ingraham]]
* [[Lawrence B. Jones]]
* [[Brian Kilmeade]]
* [[Howard Kurtz]]
* [[Mark Levin]]
* [[Martha MacCallum]]
* [[Kayleigh McEnany]]
* [[Arthel Neville]]
* [[Dana Perino]]
* [[John Roberts (journalist)|John Roberts]]
* [[Jon Scott]]
* [[Eric Shawn]]
* [[Sandra Smith (reporter)|Sandra Smith]]
* [[Jessica Tarlov]]
* [[Lara Trump]]
* [[Stuart Varney]]
* [[Jesse Watters]]
{{div col end}}
===Correspondents and substitute anchors===
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Manny Alvarez]]
* [[Julie Banderas]]
* [[Christine Clayburg]]
* [[Kevin Corke]]
* [[Claudia Cowan]]
* [[Janice Dean]]
* [[Peter Doocy]]
* [[Rich Edson]]
* [[Mike Emanuel]]
* [[Anna Gilligan]]
* [[Lauren Green]]
* [[Jennifer Griffin]]
* [[Benjamin Hall (journalist)|Benjamin Hall]]
* [[Steve Harrigan]]
* [[Aishah Hasnie]]
* [[Jacqui Heinrich]]
* [[Molly Henneberg]]
* [[Brit Hume]]
* [[Griff Jenkins]]
* [[Phil Keating]]
* [[Kennedy (commentator)|Kennedy]]
* [[Molly Line]]
* [[Bryan Llenas]]
* [[Dagen McDowell]]
* [[Hollie McKay]]
* [[Kate Obenshain]]
* [[Charles Payne (journalist)|Charles Payne]]
* [[Katie Pavlich]]
* [[Carley Shimkus]]
* [[Trey Yingst]]
{{div col end}}
===Regular guests and contributors===
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Keith Ablow]]
* [[Charly Arnolt]]
* [[Raymond Arroyo]]
* [[David Asman]]
* [[Mike Baker (CIA officer)|Mike Baker]]
* [[William Bennett]]
* [[Guy Benson]]
* [[Jason Chaffetz]]
* [[Matthew Continetti]]
* [[Kellyanne Conway]]
* [[Brett Cooper (commentator)|Brett Cooper]]
* [[Alan Dershowitz]]
* [[Miranda Devine]]
* [[Ben Domenech]]
* [[Larry Elder]]
* [[Mo Elleithee]]<ref name="thehill_2017-03-27">{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/325888-fox-news-signs-federalists-mollie-hemingway/ |title=Fox News signs Federalist's Mollie Hemingway |last1=Concha |first1=Joe |date=March 27, 2017 |newspaper=The Hill |access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref>
* [[Ezekiel Emanuel]]<ref name="thehill_2017-03-27"/>
* [[Nigel Farage]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-38695203 |title=Nigel Farage hired by Fox News as a political analyst |date=January 20, 2017 |website=BBC News |access-date=January 21, 2017}}</ref>
* [[Ari Fleischer]]
* [[Steve Forbes]]
* [[Charlie Gasparino]]
* [[Newt Gingrich]]
* [[Bernard Goldberg]]
* [[Victor Davis Hanson]]
* [[Marie Harf]]<ref name="thehill_2017-03-27"/>
* [[Mollie Hemingway]]<ref name="thehill_2017-03-27"/>
* [[Hugh Hewitt]]
* [[Steve Hilton]]
* [[Philip A. Holloway]]
* [[Mike Huckabee]]
* [[Santita Jackson]]
* [[Gregg Jarrett]]
* [[Robert Jeffress]]
* [[Jack Keane]]
* [[Keith Kellogg]]
* [[Charlie Kirk]]
* [[Dennis Kucinich]]
* [[Tomi Lahren]]
* [[John Bradshaw Layfield|John Layfield]]
* [[Rich Lowry]]
* [[Frank Luntz]]
* [[Leslie Marshall (journalist)|Leslie Marshall]]
* [[Andrew C. McCarthy]]
* [[William McGurn]]
* [[Dennis Miller]]
* [[Judith Miller]]
* [[Stephen Moore (writer)|Stephen Moore]]
* [[Jonathan Morris (priest)|Jonathan Morris]]
* [[Deroy Murdock]]
* [[Douglas Murray (author)|Douglas Murray]]
* [[Oliver North]]
* [[Kevin O'Leary]]
* [[Burgess Owens]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/burgessowens?lang=en |title=Burgess Owens (@BurgessOwens) | Twitter|via=Twitter}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=September 2021}}
* [[Candace Owens]]
* [[Katie Pavlich]]
* [[Charles Payne (journalist)|Charles Payne]]
* [[Mark Penn]]
* [[Drew Pinsky]]
* [[Jason L. Riley]]
* [[Karl Rove]]
* [[Nicole Saphier]]
* [[Mercedes Schlapp]]
* [[Douglas Schoen]]
* [[Ben Shapiro]]
* [[Tom Shillue]]
* [[Marc Siegel]]
* [[Ben Stein]]
* [[Kimberley Strassel]]
* [[Leo Terrell]]
* [[Marc Thiessen]]
* [[Katherine Timpf]]
* [[Clay Travis]]
* [[Joe Trippi]]
* [[Jonathan Turley]]
* [[Tyrus (wrestler)|Tyrus]]
* [[Brett Velicovich]]
* [[Jason Whitlock]]
* [[Lis Wiehl]]
* [[Juan Williams]]
* [[Chad Wolf]]
* [[Robert Wolf (business)|Robert Wolf]]
* [[John Yoo]]
* [[Byron York]]
{{div col end}}
===Former hosts and contributors===
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Jim Angle]] (deceased)
* [[Louis Aguirre]] (former morning host, now at [[WPLG]] in Miami)
* [[Jennifer Ashton]] (now at [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]])
* [[Ellison Barber]] (now with [[NBC News]])
* [[Tiki Barber]] (now with [[CBS Sports Network]])
* [[Fred Barnes (journalist)|Fred Barnes]]
* [[Rudi Bakhtiar]] (now PR Director for the Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans)
* [[Glenn Beck]] (former afternoon host; now on [[TheBlaze]])
* [[Bob Beckel]] (terminated amid racist remarks, deceased)
* [[Lisa Bernhard]] (entertainment correspondent)
* [[Jedediah Bila]]
* [[Tony Blankley]] (deceased)
* [[Dan Bongino]]
* [[Eric Bolling]] (terminated amid sexual harassment allegations)
* [[John R. Bolton]] (left to become U.S. National Security Advisor)
* [[Donna Brazile]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/donna-brazile-why-i-am-excited-to-join-fox-news-and-take-part-in-a-civil-and-sensible-debate |title=Donna Brazile: Why I am excited to join Fox News and take part in a civil – and sensible – debate |date=March 18, 2019 |publisher=Fox News |access-date=March 20, 2019}}</ref> (now at ABC News)
* [[Dave Briggs (journalist)|Dave Briggs]] (now at [[CNN]])
* [[Patti Ann Browne]]
* [[Scott Brown (politician)|Scott Brown]]
* [[Tammy Bruce]]
* [[Eric Burns]] (not renewed)
* [[Brenda Buttner]] (deceased)
* [[Patrick Caddell]] (deceased)
* [[Joseph A. Cafasso]] (stepped down over allegations he overrepresented his military record)
* [[Herman Cain]] (deceased)
* [[Carl Cameron]] (retired in August 2017)
* [[Alisyn Camerota]] (now at CNN)
* [[Gretchen Carlson]]
* [[Tucker Carlson]]
* [[Ben Carson]] (joined Trump cabinet)
* [[Neil Cavuto]]
* [[Steve Centanni]] (retired in August 2014)
* [[Heather Childers]] (terminated, now at [[Newsmax TV]])
* [[Liz Cheney]] (now in public service)
* [[Kiran Chetry]] (later worked for CNN)
* [[Wesley Clark]] (now at CNN)
* [[Alan Colmes]] (deceased)
* [[Rita Cosby]] (later worked at [[MSNBC]])
* [[Catherine Crier]] (now at [[TruTV]])
* [[Monica Crowley]]
* [[S. E. Cupp]] (now at CNN)
* [[Stacey Dash]] (not renewed)
* [[Lou Dobbs]] (deceased)
* [[Jill Dobson]]
* [[Laurie Dhue]] (not renewed)
* [[Matt Drudge]]
* [[Darby Dunn]] (now at [[CNBC]])
* [[Erick Erickson]] (now at [[WSB Radio]] in [[Atlanta]])
* [[Donna Fiducia]] (no longer active in cable news industry, went into Georgia real estate)
* [[Kristin Fisher]] (now at CNN)
* [[Rick Folbaum]] (now at [[WANF]])
* [[Melissa Francis]] (not renewed)
* [[Courtney Friel]] (now at [[KTLA-TV]])
* [[Neal Gabler]]
* [[Lea Gabrielle]]
* [[Major Garrett]] (now at [[CBS News]])
* [[John Gibson (political commentator)|John Gibson]]
* [[Alexis Glick]] (left Fox Business in December 2009; now at CNN)
* [[Jonah Goldberg]]
* [[Wendell Goler]] (deceased)
* [[Kimberly Guilfoyle]]
* [[Jane Hall (journalist)|Jane Hall]]
* [[Mary Katharine Ham]] (now at CNN)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mediaite.com/tv/fox-news-contributor-mary-katharine-ham-jumps-to-cnn-makes-debut-with-tapper/ |title=Fox News Contributor Mary Katharine Ham Jumps to CNN, Makes Debut with Tapper |last=Feldman |first=Josh |date=March 1, 2016 |work=[[Mediaite]] |access-date=March 12, 2017}}</ref>
* [[Elisabeth Hasselbeck]]
* [[Stephen F. Hayes]]
* [[Pete Hegseth]] (now United States Secretary of Defense)
* [[Ed Henry]] (terminated amid sexual harassment allegations)
* [[Catherine Herridge]] (now at CBS News)
* [[E. D. Hill]] (now at CNN)
* [[Marc Lamont Hill]] (now at BET and CNN)
* [[Kit Hoover]] (now at [[TLC (TV channel)|TLC]])
* [[Margaret Hoover]] (now at PBS and CNN)
* [[Page Hopkins]] (left network September 26, 2008; now at MSNBC)
* [[Adam Housley]]
* [[Juliet Huddy]] (now at [[WABC (AM)|WABC Radio]])
* [[Abby Huntsman]] (now on [[The View (talk show)|''The View'']] on ABC)
* [[Laura Ingle]] (now at [[NewsNation]])
* [[Carol Iovanna]] (now runs production company)
* [[Marvin Kalb]] (not renewed)
* [[John Kasich]] (later served two terms as [[Governor of Ohio]] from 2011 to 2019)
* [[Terry Keenan]] (deceased)
* [[Greg Kelly]] (now at Newsmax TV)
* [[Megyn Kelly]] (moved to NBC News; left NBC in January 2019)
* [[Mort Kondracke]]
* [[Anna Kooiman]] (now at [[Network 10]])
* [[Charles Krauthammer]] (deceased)
* [[Bill Kristol]]
* [[Jenna Lee]]
* [[Rick Leventhal]]
* [[Harvey Levin]]
* [[Andy Levy]] (now at [[HLN (TV network)|HLN]])
* [[Dana Lewis (broadcaster)|Dana Lewis]] (now at [[WSAW-TV]] in Wausau)
* [[G. Gordon Liddy]] (deceased)
* [[Lara Logan]]
* [[Michelle Malkin]] (now at Newsmax TV)
* [[Rachel Marsden]] (contributor and ''Red Eye'' panelist; now lives in France)
* [[Meghan McCain]]
* [[Bill McCuddy]]
* [[Doug McKelway]]
* [[Jillian Mele]]
* [[Zell Miller]]
* [[Maria Molina]]
* [[Clayton Morris]]
* [[Dick Morris]] (contributor, not renewed)
* [[Andrew Napolitano]]
* [[Heather Nauert]] (now Senior Fellow at the [[Hudson Institute]])
* [[Scottie Nell Hughes]] (terminated)
* [[Janette Nesheiwat]], MD
* [[Reena Ninan]] (now at CNN, Good Trouble Productions & [[female bodybuilding]])
* [[Joanne Nosuchinsky]]
* [[Robert Novak]] (deceased)
* [[Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)|Bill O'Reilly]] (terminated amid sexual harassment allegations)
* [[Barbara Olson]] (killed in the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001)
* [[Morgan Ortagus]] (now U.S. State Department Spokesperson)
* Lt. Col. [[Ralph Peters]]
* [[Uma Pemmaraju]] (deceased)
* [[Julian Phillips (TV presenter)|Julian Phillips]]
* [[Jeanine Pirro]]
* [[Kirsten Powers]] (now at CNN)
* [[Elizabeth Prann]] (now at [[HLN (TV network)|HLN]])
* [[Judith Regan]]
* [[Rick Reichmuth]]
* [[Geraldo Rivera]]
* [[Julie Roginsky]]
* [[Ed Rollins]] (not renewed)
* [[James Rosen (journalist)|James Rosen]] (now at the [[Sinclair Broadcast Group]])
* [[Sarah Huckabee Sanders]] (contributor, terminated)
* [[Rick Santorum]] (now with CNN)
* [[Rob Schmitt]] (now at Newsmax TV)
* [[Mike Schneider (news anchor)|Mike Schneider]] (left for [[Bloomberg Television]], most recently at [[NJTV]])
* [[Laura Schwartz]]
* [[Bob Sellers]] (was morning co-anchor at [[WZTV]] in Nashville until 2016)
* [[Suzanne Sena]]
* [[David Shuster]] (now at i24NEWS)
* [[Jane Skinner]]
* [[Shepard Smith]] (left for CNBC)
* [[Tony Snow]] (became [[White House Press Secretary]], deceased)
* [[Todd Starnes]]
* [[Chris Stirewalt]] (now at NewsNation)
* [[John Stossel]]
* [[Andrea Tantaros]]
* [[Cal Thomas]] (not renewed)
* [[Greta Van Susteren]] (left for MSNBC, now at [[Gray Television]])
* [[Linda Vester]]
* [[Leland Vittert]] (now at NewsNation)
* [[Chris Wallace]] (now at CNN)
* [[George Will]] (now at NBC News and MSNBC)
* [[Brian Wilson (news correspondent)|Brian Wilson]] (presently morning drive time host on [[WMAL-FM]])
* [[Paula Zahn]] (left for CNN, now at [[Investigation Discovery]]){{div col end}}
==See also==
{{Portal|Companies|New York City|Television|United States}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* ''[[The Fox Effect]]''
* [[Fox Music]]
* [[Fox Nation|The Fox Nation]]
* [[Fox News controversies]]
* [[Broadcasting]]
* [[Journalistic objectivity]]
* [[Mass media]]
* [[Media bias]]
* [[Media bias in the United States]]
* [[News media]]
* [[News media in the United States]]
* [[Radio Maria]]
* [[Television studio]]
{{div col end}}
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
* {{cite journal|last1=Brownell|first1=Kathryn Cramer|last2=Hoewe|first2=Jennifer|last3=Wiemer|first3=Eric C.|date=October 1, 2020|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/for-2020-2014/html|title=The Role and Impact of Fox News|journal=The Forum|volume=18|issue=3|pages=367–388|doi=10.1515/for-2020-2014|s2cid=231955763|issn=1540-8884|url-access=subscription}}
* {{cite book|last=Cassino|first=Dan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Xj7CwAAQBAJ|title=Fox News and American Politics: How One Channel Shapes American Politics and Society|date=April 14, 2016|___location=London, England; New York City, New York|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-47999-4}}
* {{cite web |last1=Davis |first1=Eric |title=Upon Dominion's Motion for Summary Judgment on Liability of Fox News Network, LLC and Fox Corporation |url=https://int.nyt.com/data/documenttools/summary-judgment-opinion-in-fox-dominion-case/f54475e2da851d41/full.pdf |publisher=Delaware Superior Court |access-date=April 19, 2023 |date=March 31, 2023}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Hopkins|first1=Daniel J.|last2=Ladd|first2=Jonathan M.|date=March 2014|title=The Consequences of Broader Media Choice: Evidence from the Expansion of Fox News|journal=Quarterly Journal of Political Science|volume=9|issue=1|pages=115–135|doi=10.1561/100.00012099}}
* {{cite journal|last=Jones|first=Jeffrey P.|date=June 2012|title=Fox News and the Performance of Ideology|journal=Cinema Journal|volume=51|issue=4|pages=178–185|doi=10.1353/cj.2012.0073|issn=0009-7101|jstor=23253592|s2cid=145669733 }}
* {{cite journal|last=Morris|first=Jonathan S.|date=July 2005|title=The Fox News Factor|journal=Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics|volume=10|issue=3|pages=56–79|doi=10.1177/1081180x05279264|s2cid=145143605|issn=1081-180X}}
* {{cite book|last=Peck|first=Reece|year=2019|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JFR-DwAAQBAJ|title=Fox Populism: Branding Conservatism as Working Class|___location=Cambridge, England|publisher=Cambridge University Press|doi=10.1017/9781108634410|isbn=978-1-108-63441-0|s2cid=158299043}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Fox News}}
*{{official website}}
*{{citation |work=[[Core.ac.uk]] |quote= [[Open access]] research papers |url= https://core.ac.uk/search?q=%22Fox%2BNews%22 |title= Fox+News }} {{open access}}
* [https://archive.org/details/TV-FOXNEWSW FOX NEWS West Internet Archive]
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