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{{Short description|Type of boat}}
{{For|the fictional moon|Felucca (Ultima)}}
[[Image:Felucca R02.jpg|thumb|right|Felucca on the Nile at [[Luxor]] ]]
A '''felucca'''{{efn|{{langx|ar|فلوكة|felūka}}, possibly originally from [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] {{lang|grc|ἐφόλκιον}}, {{lang|grc-Latn|epholkion}}<ref>{{cite book|last=El Houssi|first=Abdelmajid|title=Retour sur l'étymologie de felouque|page=20|url=https://www.selefa.asso.fr/files_pdf/AcBul09T05.pdf}}</ref>}} is a traditional wooden sailing [[boat]] with a single sail used in the [[Mediterranean]], including around [[Malta]] and [[Tunisia]]. However, in [[Egypt]], [[Iraq]] and [[Sudan]] (particularly along the [[Nile]] and in the Sudanese protected areas of the [[Red Sea]]), its [[rigging|rig]] can consist of two [[lateen sails]] as well as just one.
They are usually able to board ten passengers and the crew consists of two or three people.
[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/23/magazine/caravaggio.html Contemporary accounts] assert that in the summer of 1610, a felucca was the last boat on which Italian painter [[Caravaggio]] traveled from Naples, then under Spanish control, to Palo, Italy whereafter he died in [[Porto Ercole]].
==Egypt==
Despite the availability of [[motorboat]]s and [[ferry|ferries]], feluccas are still in active use as a means of transport in Nile-adjacent cities like [[Aswan]] or [[Luxor]]. They are especially popular among tourists who can enjoy a quieter and calmer mood than motorboats have to offer.
[[File:Ajasor på Nilen 1954-1955 SLSA 1150 1262.jpg|thumb|Feluccas on the Nile in 1954–55, picture by Mediterranean sea traveler and writer [[Göran Schildt]]. ]]
Feluccas were photographed by writer [[Göran Schildt|Göran Schildt's]] travels on the Nile in 1954–55 as part of his Mediterranean sea travels. Schildt documented them as being called "Ajasor".
==San Francisco==
[[File:SF felluca from NARA 116.jpg|thumb|Feluccas at [[Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco]] at the foot of [[Union Street (San Francisco)|Union Street]], circa 1891]]
A large fleet of lateen-rigged feluccas thronged [[San Francisco|San Francisco's]] docks before and after the construction, at the foot of [[Union Street (San Francisco)|Union Street]], of the state-owned [[Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco, California|Fisherman's Wharf]] in 1884.<ref name="maritime/tides-of-change">{{cite web |last1=Muir |first1=John C. |author1-link=John C. Muir |title=Tides of Change: Fisherman's Wharf (1870-1930) |url=https://maritime.org/tides-of-change/ |website=Sea Letter |publisher=San Francisco Maritime National Park Association |access-date=27 July 2023 |date=Summer 2000}}</ref> Light, small, and maneuverable, the feluccas were the mainstay of the fishing fleet of [[San Francisco Bay]]. [[John C. Muir]], Curator of Small Craft,<ref name="friendsofchinacamp/team">{{cite web |title=Our Team |url=https://friendsofchinacamp.org/about-us/our-team/ |website=Friends of China Camp |access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2017 Annual Conference in San Francisco, CA Program |url=https://councilofamericanmaritimemuseums.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/camm-2017-program-final1.pdf}}</ref> [[San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park|SF Maritime Historical Park]], said of them, "These workhorses featured a mast that angled, or raked, forward sharply, and a large [[triangular sail]] hanging down from a long, two-piece yard".<ref name="SFMaritimeMuir2000">{{cite web |last=Muir |first=John C. |title=Tides of change: Fisherman's Wharf, 1870–1930 |url=http://www.nps.gov/safr/local/wharf.html |date=Summer 2000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060808062620/http://www.nps.gov/safr/local/wharf.html |archive-date=August 8, 2006 |magazine=Sea Letter |access-date=January 30, 2021}}</ref><ref name="SeaLetterMuir2000Excerpt">{{cite magazine |last=Muir |first=John C. |title=Tides of change: Fisherman's Wharf, 1870–1930 (excerpt) |url=https://maritime.org/tides-of-change/ |date=Summer 2000 |magazine=Sea Letter |issue=58 |access-date=January 30, 2021}}</ref> Among the owners of feluccas in San Francisco Bay was the author [[Jack London]], who recollected his adventure as a young [[oyster pirate]] in his works.{{citation needed|date=June 2021|reason=where does London recollect?; it doesn't seem to say at his article}}
Felucca ''Nuovo Mondo''<ref name="nps.gov/photo/Felucca-Nuovo-Mondo">{{cite web |title=Felucca Nuovo Mondo Under Sail (Photo) |url=https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/view.htm%3Fid%3D4D5D2F58-155D-4519-3E15047BCF55EEAB |website=[[U.S. National Park Service]] |access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref> built in 1987,<ref>{{cite web |title=A guide to the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Photo Lab records, 1963-2014 |url=https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c84q80kn/admin/ |website=oac.cdlib.org |access-date=27 July 2023 |quote=[[Online Archive of California]] is a service of the UC Libraries, powered by the [[California Digital Library]]}}</ref> sails from [[San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park]]<ref name="flickr/3009562910">{{cite web |last1=Gaudreau |first1=Ernest |title=Felucca Novo Mondo, San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/princebart/3009562910/in/photostream/ |website=princebart |publisher=flickr |access-date=27 July 2023 |date=6 November 2008}}</ref><ref name="latitude38/sausalito-herring">{{cite news |title=Sausalito Herring Festival |url=https://www.latitude38.com/lectronic/sausalito-herring-festival/ |access-date=27 July 2023 |work=Latitude38 |date=8 February 2013 |quote=The felucca Nuovo Mondo and the Wettons' Monterey will be on display – on Sausalito YC moorings – at the Sausalito Herring Festival tomorrow.}}</ref><ref name="nps/gallery/NuovoMondo-Farewell">{{cite web |title=Felucca Nuovo Mondo Says Farewell to the Shore |url=https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery-item.htm?id=4E305928-155D-4519-3E2B19BC788F4DFB&gid=D8C1A1A1-155D-4519-3E617CFB943FC114 |website=Gallery Item Display |publisher=nps.gov |access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref><ref name="nps/sfmnhp/small-boats">{{cite web |title=small boats on display at Hyde Street Pier (Video) |url=https://52.5.189.6/media/video/view.htm?id=6F18B5DC-60AC-47CA-A03F-8649BEA3405B |website=San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |access-date=27 July 2023 |date=27 July 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727201029/https://52.5.189.6/media/video/view.htm?id=6F18B5DC-60AC-47CA-A03F-8649BEA3405B | archive-date=2023-07-27 }}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Dhow]]
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* Muscat, Joseph (2003) ''The Gilded Felucca and Maltese Boatbuilding Techniques.'' Pubblikazzjonijiet Indipendenza, Malta. {{ISBN|99932-41-45-8}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Feluccas}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070314045358/http://www.globalamity.net/index.php?section=article&articleid=15&pagenumber=15 Photographs from a felucca journey on the Nile]
{{Sailing Vessels and Rigs}}
{{fishing vessel topics}}
{{fisheries and fishing}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Sailboat types]]
[[Category:Arab culture]]
[[Category:Society of Malta]]
[[Category:Types of fishing vessels]]
[[Category:Sailing rigs and rigging]]
[[Category:Arab inventions]]
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