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{{Short description|Type of internal combustion engine}}
The '''split-cycle engine''' is a type of [[internal combustion engine]].
==
In a conventional [[Otto cycle]] engine, each [[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]] performs four strokes per cycle: intake, compression, power, and exhaust. This means that two revolutions of the [[crankshaft]] are required for each power stroke. The split-cycle engine divides these four strokes between two paired cylinders: one for intake
Note: not to be confused with the Split Cycle engine invented by Rick Mayne that used a multitude of small cylinders arranged in a radial arrangement with pistons operated by a [[Geneva drive|geneva mechanism]]. This engine was never successfully run in a meaningful demonstration, but significant capital was raised through a share plan.▼
==History==
The Backus Water Motor Company of [[Newark, New Jersey]] was producing an early example of a split cycle engine as far back as 1891. The engine, of "a modified A form, with the crank-shaft at the top", was water-cooled and consisted of one working cylinder and one compressing cylinder of equal size and utilized a [[hot-tube ignitor]] system. It was produced in sizes ranging from 1/2 to {{convert|3|hp}} and the company had plans to offer a scaled-up version capable of {{convert|25|hp}} or more.<ref>
The [[Atkinson cycle#Atkinson "Differential Engine"|Atkinson differential engine]] was a two piston, single cylinder [[four-stroke engine]] that also used a displacer piston to provide the fuel air mixture for use by the power piston. However, the power piston did the compression.
▲The Backus Water Motor Company of [[Newark, New Jersey]] was producing an early example of a split cycle engine as far back as 1891. The engine, of "a modified A form, with the crank-shaft at the top", was water-cooled and consisted of one working cylinder and one compressing cylinder of equal size and utilized a [[hot-tube ignitor]] system. It was produced in sizes ranging from 1/2 to {{convert|3|hp}} and the company had plans to offer a scaled-up version capable of {{convert|25|hp}} or more.<ref>[http://www.lindsaybks.com/arch/backus/index.html The Backus Gas Engine --- Reprint of a January 15, 1891 ''American Machinist'' article]</ref>
The [[twingle engine]] (U.S. English) or [[split-single]] engine (British English) is a twin cylinder (or more) [[two-stroke engine]]; more precisely, it has one or more U-tube cylinders that each use a pair of pistons, one in each arm of the U. However, both pistons in each pair are used for power (and the underside of both supplies fuel air mixture, if [[internal combustion engine#Crankcase scavenged|crankcase scavenging]] is used), and they only differ in that one piston works the transfer port to provide the fuel air mixture for use in both cylinders and the other piston works the exhaust port, so that the burnt mixture is exhausted via that cylinder. Unlike the Scuderi both cylinders are connected to the combustion chamber. As neither piston works as a displacer piston at all, this engine has nothing whatsoever to do with the split cycle engine apart from a purely coincidental similarity of the names.
The [[Scuderi
The Tour Engine<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tourengine.com/|access-date=30 October 2017|title=Tour Engine, Inc.}}</ref> is an opposed-cylinder split-cycle internal combustion engine that uses a novel Spool Shuttle Crossover Valve (SSCV) to transfer fuel/air charge from the cold to hot cylinder. The first prototype was completed in June 2008. Tour Engine was funded by grants from the [[Israel]] [[Ministry of National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://energy.gov.il/gxmsmnipublications/rd2012_2013.pdf|access-date=30 October 2017|title=Research and Development 2012-2014}}</ref> and [[ARPA-E]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://arpa-e.energy.gov/?q=slick-sheet-project/high-efficiency-split-cycle-engine-residential-generators|access-date=30 October 2017|title=High Efficiency Split-cycle Engine For Residential Generators}}</ref>
Another split-cycle design, using an external combustion chamber, is the Zajac engine.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.zajacmotors.com/the-zajac-engine-step-by-step.phtml | title=The Zajac Technology - Step by Step}}</ref>
==New Zealand scam – Rick Mayne's Split-Cycle engine==
▲
Ryle reported on the Rick Mayne scam, along with other scams involving fuel saving, in his book Firepower, and also on ABC radio in 2009:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fuel saving follies? |author=Rick Mayne |date=Aug 29, 2009 |url=https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/ockhamsrazor/fuel-saving-follies/3051038 |publisher=ABC Australia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently unasked questions: What are some other big scams? |author=Tony Davis |date=May 19, 2012 |work=Drive.com.au |publisher=Fairfax Media |url=https://www.drive.com.au/news/frequently-unasked-questions-what-are-some-other-big-scams-20120517-1yu6k/ }}</ref>
Even British newspaper the Independent was taken in by the scam, as was British racing driver [[Jack Brabham ]]<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Power in miniature is backed by a champion: Revolutionary engine wins the Brabham seal of approval |author=Nigel Cope |journal=The Independent |date=5 July 1993 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/power-in-miniature-is-backed-by-a-champion-revolutionary-engine-wins-the-brabham-seal-of-approval-1482996.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/power-in-miniature-is-backed-by-a-champion-revolutionary-engine-wins-the-brabham-seal-of-approval-1482996.html |archive-date=2022-05-24 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Piston engine configurations|state=uncollapsed}}
[[Category:Engine technology]]
[[Category:Piston engines]]
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