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{{About|the city named Bluff City|the city nicknamed "The Bluff City"|Memphis, Tennessee}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Bluff City
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|motto =
<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_flag =
|image_seal =
<!-- Maps -->
|image_map = File:Sullivan County Tennessee Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Bluff City Highlighted 4706960.svg
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location of Bluff City in Sullivan County, Tennessee.
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name = United States
|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Tennessee]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Tennessee|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Sullivan County, Tennessee|Sullivan]]
<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes =
|government_type =
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|leader_title1 =
|leader_name1 =
|established_title =
|established_date =
<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='47'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 4.80
|area_land_km2 = 4.53
|area_water_km2 = 0.27
|area_total_sq_mi = 1.85
|area_land_sq_mi = 1.75
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.10
<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/>
|population_total = 1822
|population_density_km2 = 402.64
|population_density_sq_mi = 1042.93
<!-- General information -->
|timezone = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = EDT
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 442
|elevation_ft = 1450
|coordinates = {{coord|36|27|48|N|82|16|30|W|region:US-TN|display=inline}}
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code = 37618
|area_code = [[Area code 423|423]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 47-06960<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 1305320<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
|website = {{URL|www.bluffcitytn.org/}}
|footnotes =
|pop_est_as_of =
|pop_est_footnotes =
|population_est =
}}
'''Bluff City''' is a city in [[Sullivan County, Tennessee]]. The population of this town according to the 2024 census is 1,839 occupants. It is part of the [[Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA Metropolitan Statistical Area]], which is a component of the [[Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area]], commonly known as the "[[Tri-Cities, Tennessee|Tri-Cities]]" region.
==History==
Bluff City underwent several name changes before incorporating on July 1, 1887, under its present name. The town was originally known as Choate's Ford, and later took the name Middletown. After the [[East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad]] was built, crossing the [[Holston River]] at the town site, the name Union was adopted. During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] it was called Zollicoffer after [[Confederate States Army|Confederate]] General [[Felix Zollicoffer]], but became Union again at the end of the war and until 1887.<ref>[http://www.tngennet.org/records/sullivan/history/goodspeed/ Sullivan County], ''The Goodspeed Publishing Co., History of Tennessee'' (1887)</ref>
==Geography==
Bluff City is located at {{coord|36|27|48|N|82|16|30|W|type:city}} (36.463352, -82.275049).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of
==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 410
|1890= 662
|1900= 548
|1910= 540
|1920= 524
|1930= 671
|1940= 700
|1950= 1074
|1960= 948
|1970= 985
|1980= 1121
|1990= 1390
|2000= 1559
|2010= 1733
|2020= 1822
| estyear = 2024
| estimate = 1838
| estref = <ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2023/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2023-POP-47.xlsx |date=May 16, 2024|title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 16, 2024}}</ref>
|footnote=Sources:<ref name="GR9">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=March 4, 2012|title=Census of Population and Housing: Decennial Censuses}}</ref><ref name=CensusPopEst>{{cite web|title=Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|work=Population Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=December 11, 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611010502/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|archivedate=June 11, 2013}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:47&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}</ref>
}}
===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|+Bluff City racial composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4706960&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 26, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!scope="col"| Race
!scope="col"| Number
!scope="col"| Percentage
|-
!scope="row"| [[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (non-Hispanic)
| 1,655
| 90.83%
|-
!scope="row"| [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic)
| 20
| 1.1%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
| 4
| 0.22%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]
| 21
| 1.15%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]]
| 95
| 5.21%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
| 27
| 1.48%
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 1,822 people, 842 households, and 541 families residing in the city.
===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 1,559 people, 662 households, and 450 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,029.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 728 housing units at an average density of {{convert|480.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.52% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.19% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.13% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.58% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], and 0.58% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.71% of the population.
There were 662 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.9% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.84.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.0% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $31,587, and the median income for a family was $36,938. Males had a median income of $26,422 versus $19,957 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,175. About 11.0% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 26.3% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.
==Climate==
The climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Bluff City has a [[marine west coast climate]], abbreviated "Cfb" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=748004&cityname=Bluff+City%2C+Tennessee%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Bluff City, Tennessee]</ref>
==Police department==
The town has a police department.<ref>Poice arrest Bluff City man at BMA meeting; by Nick Shepherd. October 11, 2014, Times-News</ref> On January 1, 2010, the department installed a speed camera on US Highway 11E that reportedly issued 1,662 tickets in its first six months. The town splits the revenue with the operator of the camera. In 2014, the town expected to gain less than $100,000 from the cameras.<ref>Bluff City's tax revenues down, expenses up ; by James Shea, January 9, 2014, Bristol Courier</ref> However the town's budget for FY 2017 reports expected "Speed Cameras" revenue of $600,000. This represents the largest single income line item for the city at 35% of total operating revenue.
In 2010, [[Gray, Tennessee|Gray]], Tennessee resident Brian McCrary bought the former police department website after police failed to renew it. He used it to post information about fighting camera tickets. Police, lacking education on website matters, assumed they had been hacked. Negotiations to regain control of the ___domain name were unsuccessful.<ref name=website>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/man-buys-police-dept-website-speeding-ticket/story?id=10858731|title=Man Buys Police Website After Speeding Ticket|website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] }}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.bluffcitytn.org/ Official site]
*[http://www.mtas.tennessee.edu/public/CHARTERS.nsf/0/82CC4F6F996BE767852568CC0061DA97/$File/Bluffci.cht.pdf?OpenElement City charter]
{{Coord|display=title|36.463352|-82.275049}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Cities in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Cities in Sullivan County, Tennessee]]
[[Category:Kingsport–Bristol metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1887]]
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