Content deleted Content added
Undoing own edit (HG) |
→Displays: fix year, +author on references |
||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Series of low-cost single-board computers}}
{{Redirect|RPi|other uses|RPI (disambiguation){{!}}RPI|the dessert|Raspberry pie}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Infobox computing device
|
|
| logo_upright = 0.4
| image = Raspberry Pi 1, Pi 5, Pi 400, Pico and Zero 2 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Various Raspberry Pi computers. Clockwise from top: Pi 400, Pico, Zero 2W, Pi 5, and original Model B.
| developer = [[Raspberry Pi Holdings]]
| manufacturer = [[Sony]] (under contract)
| type = [[Single-board computer]]s
| release date = {{Start date and age|2012|2|29|df=yes}}
| units sold = 68 million (as of March 2025)
| os = [[Raspberry Pi OS]] (default)
| storage = [[MicroSD]] slot
| website = {{official URL}}
}}
'''Raspberry Pi''' ({{IPAc-en|p|aɪ}} {{respell|PY}}) is a series of small [[single-board computer]]s (SBCs) originally developed in the [[United Kingdom]] by the [[Raspberry Pi Foundation]] in collaboration with [[Broadcom Inc.|Broadcom]]. To commercialize the product and support its growing demand, the Foundation established a commercial entity, now known as [[Raspberry Pi Holdings]].
The Raspberry Pi was originally created to help teach [[computer science]] in schools, but gained popularity for many other uses due to its low cost, compact size, and flexibility. It is now used in areas such as [[Industrial Automation and Control Systems|industrial automation]], [[robotics]], [[home automation]], [[IoT]] devices, and [[hobbyist]] projects.
The company's products range from simple [[microcontroller]]s to computers that the company markets as being powerful enough to be used as a general purpose PC. Computers are built around a custom designed [[system on a chip]] and offer features such as [[HDMI]] video/audio output, [[USB]] ports, [[wireless network]]ing, [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]] pins, and up to 16 GB of RAM. Storage is typically provided via [[SD card|microSD]] cards.
In 2015, the Raspberry Pi surpassed the [[ZX Spectrum]] as the best-selling [[List of British computers|British computer]] of all time. {{As of|2025|3}}, 68 million units had been sold.
== History ==
=== Origins and Launch (2008–2012) ===
The [[Raspberry Pi Foundation]] was established in 2008 by a group including [[Eben Upton]],<ref name="Cooban 2024" /> in response to a noticeable decline in both the number and skill level of students applying to study computer science [[University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory]]. The foundation's goal was to create a low-cost computer to help rekindle interest in [[computer programming|programming]] among schoolchildren.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cellan-Jones |first=Rory |date=5 May 2011 |title=A£15 computer to inspire young programmers |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/rorycellanjones/2011/05/a_15_computer_to_inspire_young.html |work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Price |first=Peter |date=3 June 2011 |title=Can a £15 computer solve the programming gap? |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/9504208.stm |access-date=2 July 2011 |work=[[Click (TV programme)|BBC Click]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bush |first=Steve |date=25 May 2011 |title=Dongle computer lets kids discover programming on a TV |url=https://www.electronicsweekly.com/Articles/2011/05/25/51129/Dongle-computer-lets-kids-discover-programming-on-a.htm |access-date=11 July 2011 |work=[[Electronics Weekly]]}}</ref>
This mission was inspired by the aims of the [[BBC Micro]] computer of the early 1980s, which was developed by [[Acorn Computers]] as part of a BBC initiative to promote [[computer literacy]] in UK schools.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi • View topic – Raspberry Pi as the successor of BBC Micro |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=5118 |access-date=12 June 2013 |publisher=raspberrypi.org |quote=The Foundation trustees tried very hard to get an agreement to use the BBC Micro name, right up to May 2011. /../ Eben touched on the subject a bit during his speech at the Beeb@30 celebration at the beginning of the month}}</ref> The names "Model A" and "Model B" were chosen as a deliberate homage to the BBC Micro.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Williams, Chris |date=28 November 2011 |title=Psst, kid... Wanna learn how to hack? |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/11/28/raspberry_pi/page3.html |access-date=24 December 2011 |website=The Register}}</ref> The name "Raspberry Pi" combines the fruit-themed naming convention used by early computer companies with a nod to the [[Python (programming language)|Python programming language]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 May 2012 |title=Interview with Raspberry's Founder Eben Upton |url=https://www.techspot.com/article/531-eben-upton-interview/ |access-date=28 February 2020 |website=TechSpot}}</ref>
[[File:
The first prototypes resembled small USB sticks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2011 |title=Tiny USB-Sized PC Offers 1080p HDMI Output |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/Raspberry-Pi-David-Braben-Ubuntu-9-OLPC-Railroad-Tycoon,12709.html |access-date=1 February 2012}}</ref> By August 2011, fifty functionally complete "alpha" boards were produced for testing,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Humphries |first=Matthew |date=28 July 2011 |title=Raspberry Pi $25 PC goes into alpha production |url=https://www.geek.com/articles/chips/raspberry-pi-25-pc-goes-into-alpha-production-20110728 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102112319/https://www.geek.com/articles/chips/raspberry-pi-25-pc-goes-into-alpha-production-20110728/ |archive-date=2 November 2012 |access-date=1 August 2011 |publisher=Geek.com}}</ref> with demonstrations showing them running a Debian-based desktop and handling 1080p video playback.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2011 |title=Raspberry Pi YouTube Channel |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_mDuJuvZjI&list=UUhmozgJ0cqX8Gx7676ZQ4ig&feature=plcp |access-date=28 August 2011 |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2011 |title=Full HD video demo at TransferSummit Oxford |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgR74Kp6Ws4 |access-date=12 September 2011 |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> In late 2011, twenty-five "beta" boards were finalized,<ref>{{Cite web |title=What happened to the beta boards? |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=2868 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2011 |title=We have PCBs! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/389 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219025045/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/389 |archive-date=19 February 2014 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bringing up a beta board |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/431 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122091052/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/431 |archive-date=22 January 2014 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> and to generate publicity before the official launch, ten of these were auctioned on eBay in early 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 December 2011 |title=We're auctioning ten beta Raspberry Pi's; |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/482 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511011000/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/482 |archive-date=11 May 2012 |access-date=6 May 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Williams, Chris |date=3 January 2012 |title=That Brit-built £22 computer: Yours for just £1,900 or more |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/01/03/raspberry_pi_auction/ |access-date=10 January 2012 |work=[[The Register]]}}</ref>
The first commercial Raspberry Pi, the Model B, was launched on 29 February 2012, with an initial price of $35.<ref name="Lawler 2012" /> Demand far exceeded expectations, causing the websites of the two initial licensed distributors, [[Premier Farnell]] and [[RS Group plc|RS Components]], to crash from high traffic.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 February 2012 |title="Set your alarms!" – Raspberry Pi looks ready for early Wednesday launch |url=https://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/qset-your-alarmsq-raspberry-pi-looks-ready-for-early-wednesday-launch.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301154403/http://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/qset-your-alarmsq-raspberry-pi-looks-ready-for-early-wednesday-launch.html |archive-date=1 March 2012 |access-date=28 February 2012 |work=Cabume}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Paul, Ryan |date=29 February 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi retailers toppled by demand as $35 Linux computer launches |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/news/2012/02/raspberry-pi-retailers-toppled-by-demand-as-35-linux-computer-launches.ars |access-date=29 February 2012 |work=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Naughton, John |date=4 March 2012 |title=The Raspberry Pi can help schools get with the programme |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/mar/04/raspberry-pi-schools-computer-science |access-date=12 March 2012 |work=The Observer |___location=London}}</ref> Initial batches sold out almost immediately, with one distributor reporting over 100,000 pre-orders on the first day.<ref name="Lawler 2012" /> The lower-cost $25 Model A followed on 4 February 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 February 2013 |title=Launch of the Model A announced |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/3215 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209164607/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/3215 |archive-date=9 February 2014 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
The Raspberry Pi did not ship with a pre-installed operating system. While ports of [[RISC OS]] 5 and [[Fedora Linux]] were available,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Holwerda, Thom |date=31 October 2011 |title=Raspberry Pi To Embrace RISC OS |url=https://www.osnews.com/story/25276/Raspberry_Pi_To_Embrace_RISC_OS |access-date=1 November 2011 |website=[[OSNews]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi Fedora Remix, our recommended distro, is ready for download! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/805 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615012959/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/805 |archive-date=15 June 2012 |access-date=22 June 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chung, Emily |date=24 February 2012 |title=$35 computer 'Raspberry Pi' readies for launch |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/35-computer-raspberry-pi-readies-for-launch-1.1181342 |access-date=28 February 2012 |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |___location=Canada}}</ref> a port of [[Debian]] called [[Raspbian]] quickly became the standard. Released in July 2012, it was optimized to leverage the Raspberry Pi's [[floating-point unit]], offering significant performance gains.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2012 |title=Getting ready for launch: first root filesystem available for download |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/645 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220040851/https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/645 |archive-date=20 February 2012 |access-date=16 July 2013 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2012 |title=ArmHardFloatPort |url=https://wiki.debian.org/ArmHardFloatPort |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521001958/https://wiki.debian.org/ArmHardFloatPort |archive-date=21 May 2013 |access-date=17 July 2012 |website=Debian Wiki |publisher=Debian}}</ref> Raspberry Pi quickly endorsed it as the official recommended OS, and by September 2013, the company assumed leadership of Raspbian's development.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brodkin |first=Jon |date=6 March 2013 |title=How two volunteers built the Raspberry Pi's operating system |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/03/how-two-volunteers-built-the-raspberry-pis-operating-system/ |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Ars Technica |language=en}}</ref>
=== Corporate Evolution ===
In 2012, the Foundation restructured, creating Raspberry Pi (Trading) Ltd. to handle engineering and commercial activities, with Eben Upton as its CEO.<ref name="Companies House" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Eben Upton CBE |url=https://archivesit.org.uk/interviews/eben-upton-cbe/ |access-date=17 November 2020 |website=Archives of IT |language=en-US}}</ref> This allowed the Raspberry Pi Foundation to focus solely on its charitable and educational mission. Raspberry Pi (Trading) Ltd. was renamed Raspberry Pi Ltd. in 2021.<ref name="Companies House" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Liz |date=6 October 2021 |title=Welcome to our new website! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-raspberry-pi-website/ |access-date=24 October 2023 |website=raspberrypi.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> In June 2024, the company went [[Public company|public]] on the [[London Stock Exchange]] under the [[ticker symbol]] RPI, becoming [[Raspberry Pi Holdings]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Holdings |url=https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/RPI/raspberry-pi-holdings-plc/about:blank |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=London Stock Exchange |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Weatherbed |first=Jess |date=15 May 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi prepares to go public and expand its lineup of supercheap computers |url=https://www.theverge.com/2024/5/15/24157355/raspberry-pi-public-ipo-announcement |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=The Verge |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pounder |first=Les |date=22 May 2024 |title=$40 million Raspberry Pi IPO is set for June |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/raspberry-pi/dollar40-million-raspberry-pi-ipo-is-set-for-june |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=Tom's Hardware |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kharpal |first=Arjun |date=11 June 2024 |title=Computing firm Raspberry Pi pops 31% in rare London market debut |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/06/11/rasperry-pi-ipo-computing-firm-to-raise-211-million.html |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>
=== Post-Launch Production (2012–2014) ===
Following the launch, the first units reached buyers in April 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi boards begin shipping today (video) |url=https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/16/raspberry-pi-begins-shipping/ |access-date=6 May 2012 |website=Engadget}}</ref> To address overwhelming demand and initial supply chain issues, the Foundation ramped up production to 4,000 units per day by July.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 July 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi lifts sale restrictions, open to bulk buyers |url=https://www.electronista.com/articles/12/07/16/rs.farnell.manufacturing.4000.raspberry.pis.per.day/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120817072954/http://www.electronista.com/articles/12/07/16/rs.farnell.manufacturing.4000.raspberry.pis.per.day/ |archive-date=17 August 2012 |access-date=29 August 2012 |work=Electronista |publisher=Macintosh News Network}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2012 |title=Want to buy more than one Raspberry Pi? Now you can! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1588 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719082250/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1588 |archive-date=19 July 2012 |access-date=16 July 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref> The first batch of 10,000 boards was produced in factories located in Taiwan and China.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lee, Robert |date=17 January 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi Balks at UK Tax Regime |url=https://www.tax-news.com/news/Raspberry_Pi_Balks_At_UK_Tax_Regime____53494.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308000549/http://tax-news.com/news/Raspberry_Pi_Balks_At_UK_Tax_Regime____53494.html |archive-date=8 March 2012 |access-date=20 January 2012 |work=Tax-News.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weakley, Kirsty |title=UK computing charity opts to manufacture product abroad |url=https://www.civilsociety.co.uk/finance/news/content/11318/uk_computing_charity_manufacturing_product_abroad |access-date=20 January 2012 |publisher=Civil Society Media}}</ref> A significant strategic shift occurred in September 2012, when manufacturing began moving to a [[Sony]] factory in [[Pencoed]], Wales.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dunn |first=John E |date=7 September 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi resurrects UK computer industry with new jobs |url=https://www.computerworlduk.com/news/open-source/3379912/raspberry-pi-resurrests-uk-computer-industry-with-new-jobs/ |access-date=13 September 2012 |work=[[Computerworld UK]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tung |first=Liam |date=27 July 2017 |title=Raspberry Pi: 14 million sold, 10 million made in the UK |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/14-million-raspberry-pis-sold-10-million-made-in-the-uk/ |publisher=ZDNet}}</ref> During this period, the hardware was also refined: the Model B Revision 2.0 board was announced with minor corrections, and in October, its included RAM was doubled to 512 MB.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2012 |title=Upcoming board revision |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907204413/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |archive-date=7 September 2012 |access-date=5 September 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2012 |title=board revision for rev 2.0 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014132801/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |archive-date=14 October 2012 |access-date=15 October 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Model B now ships with 512 MB of RAM |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2180 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016212754/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2180 |archive-date=16 October 2012 |access-date=15 October 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
The post-launch period focused heavily on software and ecosystem development. In August 2012, the Foundation enabled hardware-accelerated [[Advanced Video Coding|H.264]] video encoding and began selling licenses for [[MPEG-2]] and [[VC-1]] codecs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2012 |title=Hardware-assisted H.264 video encoding |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=2886 |publisher=raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jurczak |first=Paul |title=Raspberry Pi camera module |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=6120 |access-date=15 October 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New video features! MPEG-2 and VC-1 decode, H.264 encode, CEC |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825201206/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839 |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=26 August 2012 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> A major milestone for the open-source community occurred in October 2012, when the Foundation released the VideoCore IV graphics driver as free software. While the claim of it being the first fully open-source ARM SoC driver was debated, the move was widely praised.<ref name="Ars Technica 2012" /> This effort culminated in February 2014 with the release of full documentation for the graphics core and a complete source release of the graphics stack under a 3-clause BSD license.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brodkin |first=Jon |date=28 February 2014 |title=Raspberry Pi marks 2nd birthday with plan for open source graphics driver |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/02/raspberry-pi-marks-2nd-birthday-with-plan-for-open-source-graphics-driver/ |access-date=27 July 2014 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref>
=== Product Line Expansion (2014–present) ===
In 2014, the Raspberry Pi product line began to diversify. April saw the release of the Compute Module, a miniature Raspberry Pi in a small form factor designed for industrial and [[Embedded system|embedded]] applications, which would soon become the largest market for the computers. In July the Model B+ was released with a refined design featuring additional USB ports and a more efficient board layout that established the form factor for future models.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module: New Product! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/ |archive-date=21 September 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 July 2014 |title=Introducing Raspberry Pi Model B+ |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-raspberry-pi-model-b-plus/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714173900/http://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-raspberry-pi-model-b-plus/ |archive-date=14 July 2014 |access-date=14 July 2014 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> A smaller, cheaper ($20) Model A+ was released in November.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 November 2014 |title=RASPBERRY PI MODEL A+ ON SALE NOW AT $20 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/#raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-on-sale |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110233834/https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/#raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-on-sale/ |archive-date=10 November 2014 |access-date=10 November 2014 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> A significant leap in performance came in February 2015 with the Raspberry Pi 2, which featured a 900 MHz quad-core CPU and 1 GB of RAM.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 2 on sale now at $35 Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-2-on-sale |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202104347/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-2-on-sale/ |archive-date=2 February 2015 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Following its release, the price of the Model B+ was lowered to $25, a move some observers linked to the emergence of lower-priced competitors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2015 |title=Price cut! Raspberry Pi Model B+ now only $25 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/price-cut-raspberry-pi-model-b-now-only-25/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520133708/https://www.raspberrypi.org/price-cut-raspberry-pi-model-b-now-only-25/ |archive-date=20 May 2015 |access-date=19 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2015 |title=Raspberry Pi slashes price after rival launches on Kickstarter |url=https://www.itpro.co.uk/desktop-hardware/24587/raspberry-pi-slashes-price-after-rival-launches-on-kickstarter |access-date=19 May 2015 |first1=Adam |last1=Shepherd |first2=Clare |last2=Hopping |work=ITPro}}</ref>
The Raspberry Pi Zero, launched in November 2015, radically redefined the entry point for computing at a price of just $5.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 November 2015 |title=Raspberry Pi Zero: the $5 Computer |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-zero/ |access-date=26 November 2015 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> In February 2016, the Raspberry Pi 3 marked another major milestone by integrating a 64-bit processor, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.<ref name="Upton 2016" /> The product line continued to expand with the wireless-enabled Raspberry Pi Zero W (February 2017),<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2017 |title=New $10 Raspberry Pi Zero comes with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/02/new-10-raspberry-pi-zero-comes-with-wi-fi-and-bluetooth/ |work=[[Ars Technica]] |first=Jon |last=Brodkin}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2017 |title=New product! Raspberry Pi Zero W joins the family |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-zero-w-joins-family/ |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> the faster Raspberry Pi 3B+ (March 2018),<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 March 2018 |title=Raspberry PI 3B+ on sale now |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-model-bplus-sale-now-35// |access-date=21 March 2018}}</ref> Raspberry Pi 3A+ (November 2018),<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 November 2018 |title=New product: Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+ on sale now at $25 – Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/new-product-raspberry-pi-3-model-a/ |access-date=15 November 2018 |work=Raspberry Pi}}</ref> and Compute Module 3+ (January 2019).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adams |first=James |date=28 January 2019 |title=Compute Module 3+ on sale now from $25 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/compute-module-3-on-sale-now-from-25/ |access-date=29 January 2019 |website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
The Raspberry Pi 4, launched in June 2019, represented another major performance leap with a faster processor, up to 8 GB of RAM, dual-monitor support, and USB 3.0 ports.<ref name="Upton 2020" /> A compute module version (CM4) launched in October 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 October 2020 |title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 on sale now from $25 – Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-compute-module-4/ |access-date=16 January 2021 |work=Raspberry Pi}}</ref> This era saw further diversification with the Raspberry Pi 400 (a [[Keyboard computer|computer integrated into a keyboard]]) in November 2020,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Foundation |first=The Raspberry Pi |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 400 Personal Computer Kit |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-400/ |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref> and the Raspberry Pi Pico in January 2021. The Pico, based on the in-house designed [[RP2040]] chip, marked the company's first entry into the low-cost microcontroller market.<ref name="Adams 2021" /> The Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W, introduced in 2021, featured a faster processor, providing a significant performance boost while maintaining the low-cost, compact form factor.<ref name="Upton 2021" />
The [[2020–present global chip shortage|global chip shortage starting in 2020]], as well as an uptake in demand starting in early 2021, notably affected the Raspberry Pi, causing significant availability issues from that time onward.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi: Why they are so hard to buy right now, and what you can do about it |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/raspberry-pi-why-they-are-so-hard-to-buy-right-now-and-what-you-can-do-about-it/ |website=[[ZDNet]] |first=Liam |last=Tung |date=April 5, 2022}}</ref> The company explained its approach to the shortages in 2021,<ref>{{cite web |date=20 October 2021 |title=Supply chain, shortages, and our first-ever price increase |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/supply-chain-shortages-and-our-first-ever-price-increase/ |website=Rapsberry Pi}}</ref> and April 2022,<ref>{{cite web |date=4 April 2022 |title=Production and supply-chain update |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/production-and-supply-chain-update/}}</ref> explaining that it was prioritising business and industrial customers.
The Raspberry Pi 5 was released in October 2023, featuring an upgraded CPU and GPU, up to 16 GB of RAM, a PCIe interface for fast peripherals and an in-house designed southbridge chip.<ref name="Upton 2023" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cunningham |first=Andrew |date=9 January 2025 |title=New $120 16 GB Raspberry Pi 5 is for the people who use it like an everyday PC |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2025/01/new-120-16gb-raspberry-pi-5-is-for-the-people-who-use-it-like-an-everyday-pc/ |access-date=5 June 2025 |website=[[Ars Technica]] |language=en}}</ref> Updated versions of the Compute Module (CM5) and keyboard computer (Pi 500) based on the Pi 5's architecture were subsequently announced.<ref name="Dillet 2024" /> The Raspberry Pi Pico 2, released in 2024, introduced the RP2350 microcontroller, featuring selectable dual-core 32-bit ARM Cortex-M33 or RISC-V processors, 520 KB of RAM, and 4 MB of flash memory.<ref name="Upton 2024" />
=== Sales Milestones ===
The Raspberry Pi's sales demonstrated remarkable growth. The one-millionth Pi was sold by October 2013,<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 October 2013 |title=Baked in Britain, the millionth Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-24435809 |access-date=8 October 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> a figure that doubled just a month later.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Two Million! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/5265 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131117180334/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/5265 |archive-date=17 November 2013 |access-date=18 November 2013}}</ref> By February 2016, sales reached eight million units, surpassed the [[ZX Spectrum]] as the best-selling [[List of British computers|British computer]] of all time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hern |first=Alex |date=29 February 2016 |title=Raspberry Pi 3: the credit card-sized 1.2 GHz PC that costs $35 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/feb/29/raspberry-pi-3-launch-computer-uk-bestselling |website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref name="Upton 2016" /> Sales hit ten million in September 2016,<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2016 |title=Ten millionth Raspberry Pi, and a new kit – Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/ten-millionth-raspberry-pi-new-kit/ |access-date=9 September 2016 |quote=we've beaten our wildest dreams by three orders of magnitude}}</ref> thirty million by December 2019,<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1205646606504275968 |user=EbenUpton |title=Raspberry Pi numbers get stale fast. We sold our thirty-millionth unit some time last week (we think Tuesday). |date=13 December 2019}}</ref> and forty million by May 2021.<ref>{{Citation |title=Chris Fleck and Eben Upton on Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/chrisfleck/status/1392224692862427138 |publisher=Chris Fleck |quote=Great call with @EbenUpton today. Congrats on 40 Million #RaspberryPi sold!}}</ref> As of its tenth anniversary in February 2022, a total of 46 million Raspberry Pis had been sold.<ref>{{Citation |title=One decade, 46 million units: Happy birthday, Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.theregister.com/2022/02/28/pi_at_10/ |publisher=The Register / Richard Speed |quote=Upton tells us that approximately 46 million units have been manufactured to date.}}</ref> {{As of|2025|3}}, 68 million units had been sold.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2025 |title=Final Results for the twelve months to 31 December 2024 |url=https://investors.raspberrypi.com/reports/5/presentation |access-date=5 June 2025 |website=[[Raspberry Pi Holdings]]}}</ref>
== Series and generations ==
There are five main series of Raspberry Pi computers, each with multiple generations. Most models feature a [[Broadcom]] [[system on a chip]] (SoC) with an integrated [[ARM architecture|ARM]]-based [[central processing unit]] (CPU) and an [[Integrated graphics solution|on-chip graphics processing unit]] (GPU). The exception is the Pico series, a microcontroller which uses the [[RP2040]], a custom-designed SoC with an ARM-compatible CPU but no GPU.
=== Flagship series ===
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| width = 200
| image1 = Front of Raspberry Pi.jpg
| caption1 = Original Raspberry Pi Model B, introduced in 2012
| image2 = Raspberry Pi A+.jpg
| caption2 = Raspberry Pi Model A+, introduced in 2014
| image3 = Raspberry Pi 5 -- 2025 -- 0009-16.jpg
| caption3 = Raspberry Pi 5, introduced in 2023
}}<!-- The point of this gallery is not to show every model, but rather a good selection, eg. the very first Pi, an "A" version, and a later model -->
The flagship Raspberry Pi series, often referred to simply as "Raspberry Pi", offers high-performance hardware, a full Linux operating system, and a variety of common ports in a compact form factor roughly the size of a credit card.
* The '''Model B''' (2012) features a 700 MHz single-core 32-bit [[ARM11]] CPU, a [[VideoCore]] IV GPU, 512 MB RAM and a 26-pin GPIO header.
* The '''Model A''' (2013) is a lower-cost version with 256 MB RAM, no Ethernet, and fewer USB ports.
* The '''Model B+''' and '''Model A+''' (2014) add a 40-pin GPIO header, microSD card support, and replace the [[RCA connector|RCA video connector]] with a combined [[Phone connector (audio)|3.5 mm audio/video jack]].
* {{Visible anchor|Raspberry Pi 2|text=The '''Raspberry Pi 2 Model B'''}} (2015) includes a 900 MHz quad-core [[Cortex-A7]] CPU and 1 GB of RAM.
* {{Visible anchor|Raspberry Pi 3|text=The '''Raspberry Pi 3 Model B'''}} (2016) features a 1.2 GHz quad-core 64-bit [[ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] CPU, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and USB boot support.
* The '''Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+''' (2018) upgrades to a 1.4 GHz CPU, faster Ethernet, dual-band Wi-Fi, and [[Power over Ethernet]] (PoE) support.
* The '''Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+''' (2018) is the final A-series model, offering the same features as the 3B+, but with 512 MB RAM and in a smaller form factor.
* {{Visible anchor|Raspberry Pi 4|text=The '''[[Raspberry Pi 4]]'''}} (2019) introduces a 1.5 GHz quad-core [[Cortex-A72]] CPU, a VideoCore VI GPU, USB 3.0 ports, true Gigabit Ethernet, support for dual 4K monitors, and options for 1, 2, 4, or 8 GB of RAM.<ref>{{cite web |author=Nick Heath |date=23 June 2019 |title=Raspberry Pi 4 Model B review: This board really can replace your PC |url=https://www.techrepublic.com/article/raspberry-pi-4-model-b-review-this-board-really-can-replace-your-pc/ |access-date=24 June 2019 |website=TechRepublic}}</ref>
* {{Visible anchor|Raspberry Pi 5|text=The '''Raspberry Pi 5'''}} (2023) features a 2.4 GHz quad-core [[Cortex-A76]] CPU, a VideoCore VII GPU, [[PCI Express|PCIe]] support, and options for 2, 4, 8, or 16 GB of RAM. It omits the 3.5 mm audio/video jack.<ref>{{cite web|last=Humphries|first=Matthew|title=Raspberry Pi 5 Arrives in October With a Huge Performance Boost|url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/raspberry-pi-5-arrives-in-october-with-a-huge-performance-boost|date=28 September 2023|access-date=9 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Speed |first=Richard |date=28 September 2023 |title=Raspberry Pi 5 revealed: faster, but lacks audio jack |url=https://www.theregister.com/2023/09/28/raspberry_pi_5_revealed/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250416211633/https://www.theregister.com/2023/09/28/raspberry_pi_5_revealed/ |archive-date=16 April 2025 |access-date=5 June 2025 |work=[[The Register]] |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Keyboard series ===
[[File:Raspberry Pi 400 (50586757772).jpg|thumb|200px|Raspberry Pi 400, introduced in 2020]]
The Keyboard series combines Raspberry Pi hardware and ports into a [[keyboard computer]] form factor, providing a self-contained Linux-based desktop system.
* {{anchor|Raspberry Pi 400}}The '''Raspberry Pi 400''' (2020) features a custom board based on the Pi 4. It includes a 1.8 GHz quad-core Cortex-A72 processor, 4 GB of RAM, and a large integrated heat sink. It supports dual 4K monitors via two micro HDMI ports and includes gigabit Ethernet.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=Designing Raspberry Pi 400 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/designing-raspberry-pi-400/ |access-date=7 July 2021 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=9 November 2021 |title=Bullseye bonus: 1.8GHz Raspberry Pi 4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/bullseye-bonus-1-8ghz-raspberry-pi-4/ |access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref>
* {{anchor|Raspberry Pi 500}}The '''Raspberry Pi 500''' (2024) is based on the Pi 5 and succeeds the Pi 400. It features a 2.4 GHz quad-core Cortex-A76 processor and 8 GB of RAM. Unlike the Raspberry Pi 5, it lacks a PCIe interface.<ref name="Dillet 2024" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Pounder |first=Les |date=9 December 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi 500 Review: The keyboard is the computer, again |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-500-review |access-date=9 December 2024 |website=Tom's Hardware}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Geerling |first=Jeff |date=9 December 2024 |title=The Pi 500 is much faster, but lacks M.2 |url=https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2024/pi-500-much-faster-lacks-m2 |access-date=5 June 2025 |website=jeffgeerling.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cunningham |first=Andrew |date=9 December 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi 500 makes an 8 GB Pi 5 into a compact, inexpensive desktop PC |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2024/12/raspberry-pi-500-updates-sub-100-desktop-pc-with-more-speed-optional-monitor/ |access-date=11 February 2025 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-US}}</ref>
=== Zero series ===
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| width = 200
| image1 = Pi Zero.png
| caption1 = The Raspberry Pi Zero, introduced in 2015
| image2 = 18713-Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W-04 (cropped).jpg
| caption2 = The Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W, introduced in 2021
}}
The Raspberry Pi Zero series are compact, low-cost, and low-power single-board computers that provide basic functionality and Linux compatibility for embedded and minimalist computing applications.
* The '''Raspberry Pi Zero''' (2015), priced at US$5, features a 1 GHz single-core ARM11 CPU, 512 MB of RAM, mini HDMI, and micro USB ports for data and power. It includes an unpopulated 40-pin GPIO header.
** The '''Zero v1.3''' (2016) added a camera connector.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=16 May 2016 |title=Zero grows a camera connector |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/zero-grows-camera-connector/ |access-date=31 July 2022 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
** The '''Zero W''' (2017) introduced onboard Wi-Fi and Bluetooth for US$10.<ref>{{Cite news |title=The $10 Raspberry Pi Zero W brings Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to the minuscule micro |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/3175256/computers/the-10-raspberry-pi-zero-w-brings-wi-fi-and-bluetooth-to-the-minusule-micro-pc.html |access-date=28 February 2017 |work=PC World}}</ref>
** The '''Zero WH''' (2018) added pre-soldered GPIO pins for US$15.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bate |first=Alex |date=12 January 2018 |title=Zero WH: Pre-soldered headers and what to do with them |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/zero-wh/ |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref>
* The '''Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W''' (2021), priced at US$15, features a quad-core 64-bit [[ARM Cortex-A53]] CPU and includes wireless connectivity. The '''Zero 2 WH''' variant adds a pre-soldered GPIO header for US$18.<ref name="Upton 2021" />
=== Pico series ===
[[File:Raspberry Pi Pico top and bottom composite.jpg|thumb|200px|The Raspberry Pi Pico, introduced in 2021]]
{{Distinguish|PIC microcontrollers}}
The Pico series are compact microcontroller boards based on Raspberry Pi-designed chips. Unlike other models, they do not run Linux or support removable storage, and are instead programmed by flashing binaries to onboard flash memory.
* The '''Raspberry Pi Pico''' (2021) was the first board based on the in-house [[RP2040]] microcontroller. It features a dual-core 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0+ CPU, 264 KB of RAM, and 2 MB of flash memory, priced at US$4.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian |title=The Raspberry Pi Pico is a tiny $4 microcontroller running off the company's very own chip |url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2021/1/21/22242619/raspberry-pi-pico-microcontroller-tiny-computer-diy-projects |access-date=22 January 2021 |publisher=The Verge |date=21 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="Adams 2021" /> The '''Pico W''' (2022) adds Wi-Fi and Bluetooth and launched at US$6.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-pico-w-your-6-iot-platform/|title=Raspberry Pi Pico W: your $6 IoT platform|work=Raspberry Pi|access-date=30 June 2022}}</ref> The board has a [[Via (electronics)|castellated]] edge for direct soldering to a carrier board; versions are available with pre-soldered, bottom-mounted header pins, the '''Pico H''' for US$5 and the '''Pico WH''' for US$7.
* The '''Raspberry Pi Pico 2''' (2024) introduced the [[RP2350]] microcontroller, featuring selectable dual-core 32-bit ARM Cortex-M33 or [[RISC-V]] processors, 520 KB of RAM, and 4 MB of flash memory, priced at US$5.<ref name="Upton 2024" /> The '''Pico 2 W''' adds Wi-Fi and Bluetooth for US$7.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dillet |first=Romain |date=25 November 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi releases the Pico 2 W, a $7 wireless-enabled microcontroller board |url=https://techcrunch.com/2024/11/25/raspberry-pi-releases-the-pico-2-w-a-7-wireless-enabled-microcontroller-board/ |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref>
=== Compute Module series ===
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| width = 200
| image1 = Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3+ Development Kit - 50641587998 (cropped).jpg
| caption1 = Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3
| image2 = CM 4 TOP DOWN ON WHITE (cropped).jpg
| caption2 = Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4
}}
The '''Compute Module''' (CM) series delivers Raspberry Pi's flagship hardware in a compact form for industrial and embedded applications, omitting onboard ports and GPIO headers in favour of a carrier board interface.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 April 2014 |title=Raspberry Pi announces customisable module for industry |url=https://www.wired.com/story/raspberry-pi-compute-module/ |access-date=10 June 2025 |work=Wired}}</ref> Compute Modules are offered in one of two formats: a board matching the physical dimensions of a DDR2 [[SO-DIMM]] RAM module (though electrically incompatible with standard SO-DIMM sockets) and a smaller board with dual 100-pin high-density connectors that enables additional interfaces.<ref name="CM hardware" />
* '''Compute Module 1''' (2014) – Based on the original Raspberry Pi. Features a single-core ARM11 CPU, 512 MB RAM, and 4 GB [[eMMC]] flash storage. SO-DIMM form factor.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Buy a Compute Module 1 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/compute-module-1/ |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
* '''Compute Module 3''' (2017) – Based on the Pi 3. Includes a quad-core 64-bit Cortex-A53 CPU, 1 GB RAM, and 4 GB eMMC; also available as a "Lite" variant without eMMC. SO-DIMM form factor.<ref name="CM hardware" />
* '''Compute Module 3+''' (2019) – Based on the Pi 3+. Offers 0 (Lite), 8, 16, or 32 GB eMMC options. SO-DIMM form factor.<ref name="CM hardware" />
* '''Compute Module 4''' (2020) – Based on the Pi 4. Includes a quad-core 64-bit Cortex-A72 CPU, 1, 2, 4, or 8 GB RAM, and 0 (Lite), 8, 16, or 32 GB eMMC; optional Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. High-density connector form factor; CM4S variant uses SO-DIMM form factor.<ref name="CM hardware" />
* '''Compute Module 5''' (2024) – Based on the Pi 5. Features a quad-core 64-bit Cortex-A76 CPU, 2, 4, 8, or 16 GB RAM, and 0 (Lite), 16, 32, or 64 GB eMMC; optional Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. High-density connector form factor.<ref name="CM hardware" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2024-11-27 |title=Compute Module 5 on sale now |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/compute-module-5-on-sale-now/ |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
=== Model/series comparison table ===
{{sticky-header}}
{|class="wikitable sticky-header" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center"<!-- This table should be as short and simple as possible -->
!Series
!Model
!SoC
!CPU
!Memory
!Ethernet
!Wireless
!USB
!GPIO
!Released
!MSRP<br />([[US$]])
|-
|rowspan=7|Flagship<br />Model B
|1
|rowspan=2|BCM2835
|rowspan=2|1 × [[ARM11]]
| rowspan="2" |512 MB
|rowspan=4|100 Mbit
|rowspan=3|No
|2 × 2.0
|26-pin
|2012
|rowspan=5|35
|-
|1+
|rowspan=4|4 × 2.0
|rowspan=6|40-pin
|2014
|-
|2
|BCM2836
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A7|A7]]
|rowspan=3|1 GB
|2015
|-
|3
|rowspan=2|BCM2837
|rowspan=2|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A53|A53]]
|2.4 GHz [[Wi-Fi 4]]<br>Bluetooth 4.1/BLE
|2016
|-
|3+
|300 Mbit{{efn|group="nicspeed"|name="usb"}}
|2.4/5 GHz [[Wi-Fi 5]]<br>Bluetooth 4.2/BLE
|2018
|-
|4
|BCM2711<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aufranc (CNXSoft) |first=Jean-Luc |date=2 November 2020 |title=Raspberry Pi 400 Keyboard Computer Features 1.8 GHz BCM2711C0 Processor – CNX Software |url=https://www.cnx-software.com/2020/11/02/raspberry-pi-400-keyboard-computer-features-1-8-ghz-bcm2711c0-processor/ |access-date=14 October 2023 |website=CNX Software – Embedded Systems News |language=en-US}}</ref>
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A72|A72]]
|1, 2, 4 or 8 GB
|rowspan=2|[[Gigabit Ethernet|Gigabit]]
|rowspan=2|2.4/5 GHz [[Wi-Fi 5]]<br>Bluetooth 5.0/BLE
|rowspan=2|2 × 2.0<br />2 × 3.0
|2019
|35–75
|-
|5
|BCM2712
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A76|A76]]
|2, 4, 8 or 16 GB
|2023
|50–120
|-
|rowspan=3|Flagship<br />Model A
|1
|rowspan=2|BCM2835
|rowspan=2|1 × [[ARM11]]
|256 MB
|rowspan=3|No
|rowspan=2|No
|rowspan=3|1 × 2.0
|26-pin
|2013
|rowspan=2|25
|-
|1+
| rowspan="2" |512 MB
| rowspan="2" |40-pin
|2014
|-
|3+
|BCM2837
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A53|A53]]
|2.4/5 GHz [[Wi-Fi 5]]<br>Bluetooth 4.2/BLE
|2018
|35
|-
|rowspan=2|Keyboard
|400
|BCM2711
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A72|A72]]
|4 GB
|rowspan=2|Gigabit
|rowspan=2|2.4/5 GHz [[Wi-Fi 5]]<br>Bluetooth 5.0/BLE
|rowspan=2|1 × 2.0<br />2 × 3.0
|rowspan=2|40-pin
|2020
|70
|-
|500
|BCM2712
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A76|A76]]
|8 GB
|2024
|90
|-
|rowspan=2|Zero
|1
|BCM2835
|1 × [[ARM11]]
|rowspan=2|512 MB
|rowspan=2|No
|Optional{{efn|group="wifi"|name="W24band"}}<br>2.4 GHz [[Wi-Fi 4]]<br>Bluetooth 4.1/BLE
|rowspan=2|1 × 2.0
|rowspan=2|40-pin
|2015
|5–15
|-
|2
|BCM2710{{efn|group="soc"|name="custom"}}
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A53|A53]]
|2.4 GHz [[Wi-Fi 4]]<br>Bluetooth 4.2/BLE
|2021
|15–18
|-
|rowspan=2|Pico
|1
|[[RP2040]]
|2 × [[ARM Cortex-M|M0+]]
|264 KB
|rowspan=2|No
|rowspan=2|Optional{{efn|group="wifi"|name="W24band"}}<br>2.4 GHz [[Wi-Fi 4]]<br>Bluetooth 5.2/BLE
|rowspan=2|1 × 2.0
|rowspan=2|40-pin
|2021
|4–7
|-
|2
|[[RP2350]]
|2 × [[ARM Cortex-M33|M33]]
|520 KB
|2024
|5–7
|-
|rowspan=4|Compute<br />Module
|1
|BCM2835
|1 × [[ARM11]]
|512 MB
|rowspan=4|No{{efn|group="module"|name="exposed"}}
|rowspan=2|No
|rowspan=4|No{{efn|group="module"|name="exposed"}}
|rowspan=4|No{{efn|group="module"|name="exposed"}}
|2014
|30
|-
|3/3+
|BCM2837
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A53|A53]]
|1 GB
|2017
|25–40
|-
|4
|BCM2711
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A72|A72]]
|1, 2, 4 or 8 GB
|rowspan=2|Optional{{efn|group="wifi"|name="W24band"}}<br>2.4/5 GHz [[Wi-Fi 5]]<br>Bluetooth 5.0/BLE
|2020
|25–85
|-
|5
|BCM2712
|4 × [[ARM Cortex-A76|A76]]
|2, 4, 8 or 16 GB
|2024
|45–135
|}
'''Notes'''
{{notelist|group="Form Factor"|refs=
{{efn|group="soc"|name="custom"|Custom Raspberry Pi [[system-in-package|SiP]] RP3A0}}
{{efn|group="nicspeed"|name="usb"|Marketed as [[Gigabit Ethernet]], but actual throughput is limited to approximately 300 Mbit/s due to the internal USB 2.0 connection.}}
{{efn|group="wifi"|name="W24band"|"W" models only}}
{{efn|group="module"|name="exposed"|Signals routed through board connector}}
}}
== Hardware ==
Since its introduction, Raspberry Pi hardware has been designed to provide low-cost computing platforms. The founders intended it to be an affordable and accessible system by making it compatible with widely available second-hand peripherals, such as televisions for displays, USB input devices, and cellphone chargers for power.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gordon |first=Whitson |date=2019-08-30 |title=Beginner's Guide: How to Get Started With Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/beginners-guide-how-to-get-started-with-raspberry-pi |access-date=2025-06-16 |work=[[PCMag]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="composite video out" /> Over time, the hardware has expanded to support both advanced configurations and ultra-low-cost variants.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cunningham |first=Andrew |date=8 January 2024 |title=What I learned from using a Raspberry Pi 5 as my main computer for two weeks |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2024/01/what-i-learned-from-using-a-raspberry-pi-5-as-my-main-computer-for-two-weeks/ |access-date=18 May 2025 |website=Ars Technica |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Patel |first=Nilay |date=2022-03-08 |title=The future of computers is only $4 away, with Raspberry Pi CEO Eben Upton |url=https://www.theverge.com/22966155/raspberry-pi-ceo-interview-eben-upton-computer-chip-shortage-diy |access-date=2025-06-16 |work=The Verge |language=en-US}}</ref> The company has also committed to keeping products in production for up to ten years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 June 2024 |title=Prospectus |url=https://investors.raspberrypi.com/ipo/documents/11 |access-date=20 May 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi Holdings |page=47}}</ref>
The Raspberry Pi has undergone multiple hardware revisions, with changes in processor type, memory capacity, networking features, and peripheral support.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khaliq |first=Azzief |date=2024-04-27 |title=The Evolution Of Raspberry Pi: From Prototype To Single-Board Computing Workhorse |url=https://www.slashgear.com/1566508/raspberry-pi-history-evolution-small-single-board-computer/ |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=SlashGear}}</ref> All models include a processor, memory, and various input/output interfaces on a single circuit board. Most include an HDMI output, USB ports, and a GPIO ([[general-purpose input/output]]) header. Networking capabilities vary by model, with later versions featuring integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 September 2016 |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model B WiFi & Bluetooth Setup |url=https://www.deviceplus.com/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-wifi-bluetooth-setup/ |access-date=17 November 2020 |website=Device Plus}}</ref> Storage is typically provided via a microSD card, with newer models supporting USB or [[PCI Express|PCIe]]-based boot options.<ref name="Watson 2021" /><ref name="Pounder 2024" />
=== Processors and system-on-chip ===
[[File:Raspi 15807388763 6d259773fb o.png|thumb|BCM2836 on a Pi 2 board]]Raspberry Pi models use a range of [[system on a chip]] (SoC) designs, developed in partnership with [[Arm Holdings|Arm]] and [[Broadcom]]. Each generation has introduced improvements in CPU architecture, clock speed, graphics, and overall performance.
The original Raspberry Pi and the Pi Zero use the Broadcom BCM2835, featuring a single-core 32-bit [[ARM11]] CPU and a [[VideoCore]] IV GPU. The CPU is clocked at 700 MHz on the original Pi and 1 GHz on the Zero and Zero W.<ref>{{cite web |date=1 September 2011 |title=BCM2835 Media Processor; Broadcom |url=https://www.broadcom.com/products/BCM2835 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513032855/https://www.broadcom.com/products/BCM2835 |archive-date=13 May 2012 |access-date=6 May 2012 |publisher=Broadcom.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Brose, Moses |date=30 January 2012 |title=Broadcom BCM2835 SoC has the most powerful mobile GPU in the world? |url=https://www.grandmax.net/2012/01/broadcom-bcm2835-soc-has-powerful.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218012632/https://www.grandmax.net/2012/01/broadcom-bcm2835-soc-has-powerful.html |archive-date=18 February 2012 |access-date=13 April 2012 |work=Grand MAX}}</ref>
The Raspberry Pi 2 introduced the BCM2836 with a 900 MHz quad-core 32-bit [[Cortex-A7]] CPU,<ref>{{cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2 February 2015 |title=Raspberry Pi 2 on sale now at $35 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-2-on-sale/ |access-date=5 August 2015 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> while later revisions used the 64-bit BCM2837 with [[Cortex-A53]] cores.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://docs-europe.electrocomponents.com/webdocs/1568/0900766b8156853c.pdf|title=Raspberry Pi 2, Model B V1.2 Technical Specifications|publisher=RS Components|access-date=20 September 2017|archive-date=20 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920142155/http://docs-europe.electrocomponents.com/webdocs/1568/0900766b8156853c.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Raspberry Pi 3 retained the BCM2837, increasing the CPU clock to 1.2–1.4 GHz depending on the model.<ref>{{cite web |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B – Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/ |website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+ |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-a-plus}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-plus/}}</ref> The Pi Zero 2 uses the RP3A0, a [[system in a package]] (SiP) combining the quad-core Cortex-A53 processor clocked at 1 GHz with 512 MB of RAM.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Documentation – Processors |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/processors.html |access-date=22 July 2023 |website=www.raspberrypi.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2021 |title=Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W Product Brief |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpizero2/raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-product-brief.pdf |access-date=22 July 2023 |website=Raspberry Pi Datasheets}}</ref>
The Raspberry Pi 4 introduced the BCM2711, a 64-bit SoC with a quad-core [[Cortex-A72]] CPU and VideoCore VI GPU. Clock speeds were initially 1.5 GHz and later increased to 1.8 GHz.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 4 Model B specifications |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/specifications/ |access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Merten |first=Dr. Maik |date=14 September 2019 |title=Raspi-Kernschau – Das Prozessor-Innenleben des Raspberry Pi 4 im Detail |trans-title=Raspi-kernel-show – The inner life of the Raspberry Pi 4 processor in detail |journal=C't |language=de |volume=2019 |issue=20 |pages=164–169}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=22. Raspberry Pi 4 — Trusted Firmware-A documentation |url=https://trustedfirmware-a.readthedocs.io/en/latest/plat/rpi4.html |access-date=4 May 2020 |website=trustedfirmware-a.readthedocs.io}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2019 |title=Playing with a Raspberry Pi 4 64-bit |url=https://blog.cloudkernels.net/posts/rpi4-64bit-virt/ |access-date=4 May 2020 |website=CloudKernels}}</ref> The Raspberry Pi 5 uses the BCM2712, featuring a quad-core [[Cortex-A76]] CPU at 2.4 GHz, an 800 MHz VideoCore VII GPU, and a separate RP1 [[Southbridge (computing)|southbridge]] chip designed in-house.<ref>{{cite web |date=September 2023 |title=Raspberry Pi 5 Product Brief |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpi5/raspberry-pi-5-product-brief.pdf |access-date=2 October 2023 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
Raspberry Pi has also developed its own chips outside of its partnership with Broadcom. The Raspberry Pi Pico uses the [[RP2040]], featuring dual-core 32-bit [[Cortex-M0+]] processors running at 133 MHz and 264 kB of on-chip RAM.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2022 |title=Pico Product Brief |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/pico/pico-product-brief.pdf |access-date=22 July 2023 |website=Raspberry Pi Datasheets}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=RP2040 Datasheet |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rp2040/rp2040-datasheet.pdf |access-date=22 July 2023 |website=Raspberry Pi Datasheets}}</ref> The Pico 2 uses the [[RP2350]], which can operate with either dual-core Cortex-M33 or dual-core Hazard3 [[RISC-V]] CPUs selected at boot, running at 150 MHz, with 520 kB of RAM.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RP2350 Datasheet |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rp2350/rp2350-datasheet.pdf |access-date=7 September 2024 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Ltd}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pounder |first=Les |date=23 August 2024 |title=What's inside the Raspberry Pi Pico 2's RP2350? |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-pico/whats-inside-the-raspberry-pi-pico-2s-rp2350 |access-date=25 August 2024 |website=Tom's Hardware |language=en}}</ref>
==== Overclocking ====
Most Raspberry Pi models support user-configurable [[overclocking]] through the system [[configuration file]]. More recent models feature [[dynamic frequency scaling]], adjusting CPU speed based on workload to balance performance and thermal output. This behavior, while similar to overclocking, is part of the default power management system. If the CPU temperature exceeds {{convert|85|C|F}} or if undervoltage is detected, performance is throttled automatically. For sustained high-performance workloads, additional cooling—such as a [[heat sink]] or [[Computer fan|fan]]—may be required.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Documentation – The config.txt file |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/config_txt.html |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=www.raspberrypi.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=19 September 2012 |title=Introducing turbo mode: up to 50% more performance for free |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-turbo-mode-up-to-50-more-performance-for-free/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412125204/https://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-turbo-mode-up-to-50-more-performance-for-free/ |archive-date=12 April 2015 |access-date=20 September 2012 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
=== RAM ===
The original Raspberry Pi Model B was equipped with 512 MB of [[random-access memory]] (RAM), which, like later models, shares memory between the CPU and GPU. All Raspberry Pi boards support [[dynamic memory allocation]] between these components, allowing the system to adjust the division based on workload or user configuration.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 October 2012 |title=introducing new firmware for the 512 MB Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2296 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325234920/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2296 |archive-date=25 March 2014 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> The original Model A included 256 MB of RAM.
Subsequent models introduced increased memory capacities. The Pi 2B and 3 B/B+ models feature 1 GB of RAM, while the smaller 1A+ and 3A+ models have 512 MB. The Pi Zero and Zero 2 W also include 512 MB. The Pi 4 is available with 1, 2, 4, or 8 GB of RAM,<ref name="Upton 2020" /> and the Pi 5 expands this further with options for 2, 4, 8, or 16 GB, the highest capacity offered to date.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 5 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-5/ |accessdate=9 January 2025 |website=Raspberrypi.com}}</ref>
===
[[File:Raspberry-Pi-2-Bare-FL.jpg|thumb|right|The Model 2B boards incorporate four USB Type-A ports for connecting peripherals.]]
Storage is typically provided via a microSD card, though some Compute Modules offer onboard [[eMMC]] flash.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Brodkin |first=Jon |date=2017-01-16 |title=Raspberry Pi upgrades Compute Module with 10 times the CPU performance |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/01/raspberry-pi-upgrades-compute-module-with-10-times-the-cpu-performance/ |access-date=2025-06-16 |work=Ars Technica |language=en}}</ref> Newer models support USB booting,<ref name="Watson 2021" /> and the Pi 5 includes support for [[NVM Express|NVMe]] SSDs over PCIe.<ref name="Pounder 2024" />
Boards also include USB ports for peripherals such as keyboards, mice, and storage devices.<ref>{{cite web |title=Verified USB Peripherals and SDHC Cards; |url=https://elinux.org/RaspberryPiBoardVerifiedPeripherals |access-date=6 May 2012 |publisher=Elinux.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GPIO – Raspberry Pi Documentation |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/gpio/README.md |access-date=2 June 2019 |website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
=== Video ===
Raspberry Pi devices support both digital and analog video output across various resolutions.
Early models featured a full-size HDMI port and an [[RCA connector]] for analog [[composite video]] output. Later boards removed the RCA jack but retained analog output via the [[Phone connector (audio)|3.5 mm TRRS jack]] or dedicated solder points. According to the Raspberry Pi Foundation, analog support helps maintain accessibility in [[Developing country|developing countries]].<ref name="composite video out" />
To accommodate the addition of features on the compact boards, video connectors have shrunk across models. The Pi Zero series uses a mini-HDMI connector, while the Pi 4 and 5 use dual micro-HDMI ports. This change enables support for multiple displays: the Pi 4 can drive two [[4K resolution|4K]] displays at 30 Hz or one at 60 Hz, while the Pi 5 improves on this with support for two 4K displays at 60 Hz.<ref name="pi4-specs" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 5 Product Brief |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-5/specifications/ |access-date=11 June 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
Older Raspberry Pi models support common display resolutions such as [[720p]] and [[1080p]] by default, with some capable of higher resolutions depending on hardware and configuration. In some cases, older hardware can output in 4K, though performance may be poor.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 November 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi, supported video resolutions |url=https://elinux.org/RPi_config.txt |access-date=11 December 2012 |publisher=eLinux.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi and 4k @ 15 Hz |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=38&t=79330 |access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref>
=== GPIO header ===
{{sticky-header}}
{|class="wikitable floatright sticky-header" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center"
|-
! Function
! colspan=3 | Pin #
! Function
|-
| +3.3 V power
| style="background:orange" | 1
| rowspan="20" |
| style="background:red" | 2
| +5 V power
|-
| style="background:cyan" | 3
| style="background:red" | 4
| +5 V power
|-
| GPIO 3 (I<sup>2</sup>C SCL)
| style="background:cyan" | 5
| style="background:black; color:white" | 6
| [[Ground (electricity)|Ground]]
|-
| GPIO 4 ([[Clock signal|GPCLK]])
| style="background:green" | 7
| style="background:purple; color:white" | 8
| GPIO 14 ([[Universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter|UART]] TXD)
|-
| Ground
| style="background:black; color:white" | 9
| style="background:purple; color:white" | 10
| GPIO 15 (UART RXD)
|-
| GPIO 17
| style="background:green" | 11
| style="background:green" | 12
| GPIO 18
|-
| GPIO 27
| style="background:green" | 13
| style="background:black; color:white" | 14
| Ground
|-
| GPIO 22
| style="background:green" | 15
| style="background:green" | 16
| GPIO 23
|-
| +3.3 V power
| style="background:orange" | 17
| style="background:green" | 18
| GPIO 24
|-
| GPIO 10 ([[Serial Peripheral Interface|SPI]] MOSI)
| style="background:#f0f;" | 19
| style="background:black; color:white" | 20
| Ground
|-
| GPIO 9 (SPI MISO)
| style="background:#f0f;" | 21
| style="background:green" | 22
| GPIO 25
|-
| GPIO 11 (SPI SCLK)
| style="background:#f0f;" | 23
| style="background:#f0f;" | 24
| GPIO 8 (SPI [[Chip select|CE0]])
|-
| Ground
| style="background:black; color:white" | 25
| style="background:#f0f;" | 26
| GPIO 7 (SPI CE1)
|-
| GPIO 0 (EEPROM SDA)
| style="background:yellow" | 27
| style="background:yellow" | 28
| GPIO 1 (EEPROM SDC)
|-
| GPIO 5
| style="background:green" | 29
| style="background:black; color:white" | 30
| Ground
|-
| GPIO 6
| style="background:green" | 31
| style="background:green" | 32
| GPIO 12
|-
| GPIO 13
| style="background:green" | 33
| style="background:black; color:white" | 34
| Ground
|-
| GPIO 19
| style="background:green" | 35
| style="background:green" | 36
| GPIO 16
|-
| GPIO 26
| style="background:green" | 37
| style="background:#00FF80" | 38
| GPIO 20 ([[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]]_DIN)
|-
| Ground
| style="background:black; color:white" | 39
| style="background:#00FF80" | 40
| GPIO 21 (PCM_DOUT)
|-
| colspan=5 | {{Center|'''Legend'''}}{{Div col|colwidth=5em|content={{Legend|#f0f|SPI}}
{{Legend|green|GPIO}}
{{Legend|cyan|I²C}}
{{Legend|purple|UART}}
{{Legend|#00FF80|PCM}}
{{Legend|black|Ground}}
{{Legend|red|+5 V}}
{{Legend|orange|+3.3 V}}}}
|}
Most Raspberry Pi models include a 40-pin connector known as the GPIO ([[general-purpose input/output]]) [[Pin header|header]], although only some of the pins are dedicated to GPIO functions. The header, [[Reference designator|designated]] as J8, uses a consistent [[PinOut|pinout]] across models.
The header supplies 3.3 V and 5 V power along with various multiplexed, low-speed interfaces, including [[Universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter|UART]], [[Serial Peripheral Interface|SPI]], [[I²C]], [[I²S]], and [[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]].<ref name="Upton 2023" /> GPIO pins can be configured as either inputs or outputs. When set as an output, a pin can drive a high (3.3 V) or low (0 V) signal. When configured as an input, it can read a high (3.3 V) or low (0 V) voltage level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi hardware – Raspberry Pi Documentation |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html |access-date=4 June 2025 |website=www.raspberrypi.com |language=en}}</ref>
The original Raspberry Pi 1 Model A and B include only the first 26 pins of this header.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Rev 1.0 Model AB schematics |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-1.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825202435/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-1.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Rev 2.0 Model AB schematics |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825202711/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Rev 2.1 Model AB schematics |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.1-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825202811/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.1-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2014}}</ref> On some Pi Zero models, the header is unpopulated, but solderable [[Through-hole technology|through-holes]] are provided. The Pico models feature a unique layout with unpopulated through-holes and a [[Castellated Hole|castellated]] edge, allowing it to be [[Surface-mount technology|surface-mounted]] as a module. Compute Module boards do not include GPIO headers but instead expose GPIO signals through their board connectors.
=== Networking ===
Networking capabilities differ by model. The Model B and B+ include an Ethernet port. Starting with the Raspberry Pi 3, most models come with built-in WiFi and Bluetooth. The Raspberry Pi 3B+ adds faster Ethernet and dual-band WiFi. The Raspberry Pi 4 and 5 offer full gigabit Ethernet.<ref name="pi4-specs" /> The "A" models and the Pi Zero series do not have Ethernet ports, and built-in wireless support is optional. A USB adapter may be used for wired or wireless connections.
=== Special-purpose features ===
Some Raspberry Pi models, like the Zero, 1A, 3A+, and 4, can act like a USB device (via the [[USB On-The-Go]] protocol) when plugged into another computer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=1400270#p1400270|title=USB Gadget mode on new 3 A+? – Raspberry Pi Forums|website=www.raspberrypi.org}}</ref> This lets them work as gadgets such as a virtual keyboard, network adapter, or serial device.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://learn.adafruit.com/turning-your-raspberry-pi-zero-into-a-usb-gadget/overview|title=Turning your Raspberry PI Zero into a USB Gadget|website=Adafruit Learning System}}</ref>
Many newer models can also start up (or "boot") directly from a USB drive, without needing a microSD card. This feature isn't available on older models like the original Raspberry Pi, Pi Zero, or early versions of the Pi 2.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bootmodes/msd.md|title=USB mass storage device boot – Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
=== Real-time clock ===
Most Raspberry Pi models do not include a built-in real-time clock, which means they rely on an internet connection to set the correct time with the [[Network Time Protocol]] when they start up. If there's no connection, the time must be set manually or the system assumes no time has passed since it was last used. Add-on clock modules are available for situations where accurate timekeeping is needed without internet access.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shovic |first=John |date=July 2014 |title=Keeping Time |url=https://www.raspberry-pi-geek.com/Archive/2014/07/Connecting-your-Raspberry-Pi-with-a-real-time-clock |access-date=30 July 2020 |website=Raspberry Pi Geek Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Shovic |first=John |date=August 2014 |title=In Time |url=https://www.raspberry-pi-geek.com/Archive/2014/08/Comparison-of-four-real-time-clocks |access-date=30 July 2020 |website=Raspberry Pi Geek Magazine}}</ref> The Raspberry Pi 5 is the first model to include a built-in clock which uses a battery to keep time when powered off.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Piltch |first=Avram |last2=Pounder |first2=Les |date=2023-10-23 |title=Raspberry Pi 5 Review: A New Standard for Makers |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/raspberry-pi-5 |access-date=2025-06-16 |work=[[Tom's Hardware]] |language=en}}</ref>
=== Board layouts ===
<gallery>
File:Raspberry Pi 1A.svg|Pi 1A
File:Drawing of Raspberry Pi model A+ rev1.1 (cropped).svg|Pi 1A+ v1.1
File:Drawing of Raspberry Pi model B rev2.svg|Pi 1B v1.2
File:Raspberry Pi B+ rev 1.2.svg|Pi 1B+ v1.2 and Pi 2
File:RaspberryPi 3B.svg|Pi 3
File:RaspberryPi 3B%2B.svg|Pi 3+
File:RaspberryPi Model 4B.svg|Pi 4
File:RaspberryPi 5B 28-08-2024.svg|Pi 5
</gallery>
==Specifications==
{{Expand section|with=information on compute module 5 'CM5'|date=February 2025}}
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sticky-header mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:85%; text-align: center;"
|-
!Version
!Pico 1
!Pico 2
!1A
!1A+
!3A+
!1B
!1B+
!2B
!2B v1.2
!3B
!3B+
!4
!5
!CM1
!CM3
!CM4
!Zero
!Zero 2
!400
|-
! scope="row" | Release date
| Jan 2021<ref>{{Cite web |last=Geerling |first=Jeff |date=January 21, 2021 |title=The Raspberry Pi Pico is a new $4 microcontroller |url=https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2021/raspberry-pi-pico-new-4-microcontroller |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=jeffgeerling.com}}</ref><br>W: Jun 2022<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2022-06-30 |title=Raspberry Pi Pico W: your $6 IoT platform |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-pico-w-your-6-iot-platform/ |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| Aug 2024<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Gregory |first=Andrew |date=September 2024 |title=Pico 2 |url=https://magazine.raspberrypi.com/downloads/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6OTU5MiwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--93c3c4090516fb44639a3fb6191f5f94622f7f2f/MagPi145.pdf |magazine=The MagPi |page=41 |issue=145}}</ref>
| Feb 2013{{wbr}}<ref name="A-Announcement"/>
| Nov 2014{{wbr}}<ref name="A-Plus-Announcement"/>
| Nov 2018
| Apr–Jun 2012
| Jul 2014{{wbr}}<ref name="B-Plus-Announcement"/>
| Feb 2015{{wbr}}<ref name="2-B-Announcement"/>
| Oct 2016{{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.farnell.com/datasheets/2163186.pdf?_ga=1.9528053.1789915275.1482632652|format=PDF|title=Raspberry Pi2 Model B v1.2|website=Farnell.com|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref>
| Feb 2016{{wbr}}<ref name="Pi3OnSale">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-on-sale/|title=Raspberry Pi 3 on sale now at $35|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=29 February 2016|website=Raspberry Pi|access-date=29 February 2016}}</ref>
| Mar 2018{{wbr}}<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release">{{cite news |last=Upton |first=Eben |author-link=Eben Upton |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-model-bplus-sale-now-35/ |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ on Sale at $35 |work=Raspberry Pi Blog |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=14 March 2018 |access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref>
| Jun 2019{{wbr}}<ref name="ars4"/>
| Oct 2023{{wbr}}
| Apr 2014{{wbr}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/04/raspberry-pi-gets-more-arduino-y-with-new-open-source-modular-hardware/|title=Raspberry Pi gets more Arduino-y with new open source modular hardware|work=Ars Technica|access-date=19 Jun 2018}}</ref><ref name="cm3">{{cite web|last1=Brodkin|first1=Jon|title=Raspberry Pi upgrades Compute Module with 10 times the CPU performance|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/01/raspberry-pi-upgrades-compute-module-with-10-times-the-cpu-performance/|access-date=16 January 2017|website=Ars Technica|date=16 January 2017}}</ref>
| Jan 2017{{wbr}}<ref name="Compute3">{{Citation
| url = https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/compute-module-3-launch/
| title = Compute Module 3 Launch
| date = 16 January 2017
| publisher = Raspberry Pi Foundation
}}</ref>
| Oct 2020
| Nov 2015{{wbr}}<ref name="Zero-Announcement">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-zero/|title=Raspberry Pi Zero: the $5 Computer|date=26 November 2015|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=26 November 2015}}</ref>
| Oct 2021{{wbr}}<ref name="PiZero2WAnnouncement">{{Cite news |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=28 October 2021 |title=New product: Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W on sale now at $15 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-2/ |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref>
| Nov 2020
|-
! scope="row" | Target price (USD)
| {{US$|4}}<br>W: {{US$|6}}
| {{US$|5}}<br>W: {{US$|7}}<ref name="Pico 2 Product Brief">{{Cite web |date=November 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi Pico 2 series product brief |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/pico/pico-2-product-brief.pdf |access-date=20 May 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
| $25<ref name="A-Announcement" />
| $20<ref name="A-Plus-Announcement" />
| $25<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release" />
| $35<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/9112841/Mini-Raspberry-Pi-computer-goes-on-sale-for-22.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/9112841/Mini-Raspberry-Pi-computer-goes-on-sale-for-22.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |___location=London |work=The Daily Telegraph |first=Donna |last=Bowater |title=Mini Raspberry Pi computer goes on sale for £22 |date=29 February 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
| $25<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/price-cut-raspberry-pi-model-b-now-only-25/ |title=Price Cut! Raspberry Pi Model B+ Now Only $25 |date=14 May 2015 |first=Eben |last=Upton}}</ref>
| colspan="4" | $35
| $35{{nbndash}}75{{wbr}}<ref name="ars4"/><ref name="TwoGBMin">{{Cite news|last=Halfacree|first=Gareth|date=March 2020|title=Raspberry Pi 4 now comes with 2 GB RAM Minimum|page=6|work=The MagPi|publisher=Raspberry Pi Press|issue=91|url=https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/issues/91/pdf|access-date=28 May 2020|quote=we say farewell to the 1 GB model}}</ref><ref name="Upton 2020" />
| $50{{nbndash}}120
| $25{{nbndash}}40{{wbr}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lobo |first=Freia |date=2017-01-17 |title=Raspberry Pi has a fancy new toy for its most demanding fans |url=https://mashable.com/article/raspberry-pi-cm3 |access-date=2025-06-05 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adams |first=James |date=2019-01-28 |title=Compute Module 3+ on sale now from $25 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/compute-module-3-on-sale-now-from-25/ |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| $30–85<ref name="CM4 Datasheet">{{Cite web |date=May 2025 |title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4/cm4-product-brief.pdf |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=[[Raspberry Pi Holdings]]}}</ref>
|
| {{US$|5}}<ref name="Zero-Announcement" /><br>W: {{US$|10}}
| $15{{wbr}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2021-10-28 |title=New product: Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W on sale now at $15 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-2/ |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| $70{{wbr}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2020-11-02 |title=Raspberry Pi 400: the $70 desktop PC |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-400-the-70-desktop-pc/ |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Instruction set]]
| [[ARMv6]] (32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| [[ARMv8-M]] (64/32{{nbhyph}}bit) or [[RISC-V|RV32IMAC]] (32{{nbhyph}}bit)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-20 |title=RP2350 Datasheet |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rp2350/rp2350-datasheet.pdf |website=Raspberry Pi |page=35}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv6]] (32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| [[ARMv8-A]] (64/32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv6]] (32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| [[ARMv7-A]] (32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| colspan="5" | [[ARMv8-A]] (64/32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| [[ARMv6]] (32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv8-A]] (64/32{{nbhyph}}bit)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cortex-A53 |url=https://developer.arm.com/Processors/Cortex-A53 |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=developer.arm.com}}</ref>
| [[ARMv6]] (32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| [[ARMv8-A]] (64/32{{nbhyph}}bit)
| [[ARMv8-A]] (64/32{{nbhyph}}bit)
|-
! Fabrication node
| 40 nm<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Documentation - RP2040 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/microcontrollers/rp2040.html |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.raspberrypi.com |language=en}}</ref>
| 40 nm<ref>{{Cite web |last=Francis |first=Nick |date=2024-09-11 |title=RP2350: the brains of Raspberry Pi Pico 2 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/rp2350-the-brains-of-raspberry-pi-pico-2/ |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 40 nm<ref name="BC">{{Cite web |title=Broadcom 2835 SoC - Raspberry Pi Forums |url=https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=67462#p493138 |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=forums.raspberrypi.com}}</ref>
| 40 nm<ref name="DS"/>
| colspan="2" | 40 nm<ref name="BC"/>
| 40 nm<ref>{{Cite web |title=Are the 2836 and the 2837 made in different nm? - Raspberry Pi Forums |url=https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=158071#p1028290 |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=forums.raspberrypi.com}}</ref>
| colspan="3" | 40 nm<ref name="DS">{{Cite web |title=BCM2837 datasheet? - Raspberry Pi Forums |url=https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=137991#p955306 |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=forums.raspberrypi.com}}</ref>
| 28 nm<ref name="IN">{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2023-09-28 |title=Introducing: Raspberry Pi 5! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/introducing-raspberry-pi-5/ |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| 16 nm<ref name="IN" />
| 40 nm<ref name="BC"/>
| 40 nm<ref name="DS"/>
| 28 nm<ref name="IN" />
| 40 nm<ref name="BC"/>
|
| 28 nm<ref name="IN" />
|-
! scope="row" | [[System on a chip|SoC]]
| RP2040
| [[RP2350|RP2350A]]
| colspan="2" | BCM2835<ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website">{{cite web |title=BCM2835 Media Processor; Broadcom |publisher=Broadcom.com |date=1 September 2011 |url=https://www.broadcom.com/products/BCM2835 |access-date=6 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513032855/https://www.broadcom.com/products/BCM2835}}</ref>
| BCM2837{{wbr}}<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release" />
| colspan="2" | BCM2835<ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website" />
| BCM2836
| colspan="2" | BCM2837
| BCM2837{{wbr}}<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release" />
| BCM2711{{wbr}}<ref name="ars4" />
| BCM2712{{wbr}}<ref name="RPi5_Specs">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-5/ | title="Buy a Raspberry 5 - Specifications" | website=raspberrypi.com |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240904191804/https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-5/ | archive-date=2024-09-04 }}</ref>
| BCM2835
| BCM2837
| BCM2711
| BCM2835
| BCM2710
| BCM2711
|-
! scope="row" | [[Floating-point unit|FPU]]
| Software emulation
| FPv5 (ARM only)
| colspan="2" | VFPv2
| VFPv4 + NEON
| colspan="2" | VFPv2
| colspan="5" | VFPv4 + NEON
|
| VFPv2
| colspan="2" | VFPv4 + NEON
| VFPv2
| VFPv4 + NEON
| VFPv4 + NEON
|-
! scope="row" | [[Central processing unit|CPU]]
| 2× Arm Cortex-M0+
| 2× of either [[ARM Cortex-M|Arm Cortex-M33]] or Hazard3 [[RISC-V]] (selectable at boot)
| colspan="2" | 1× [[ARM11]] @ 700 MHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] @ 1.4 GHz
| colspan="2" | 1× [[ARM11]] @ 700 MHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A7|Cortex-A7]] 900 MHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] @ 900 MHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] @ 1.2 GHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] @ 1.4 GHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A72|Cortex-A72]] @ 1.5 GHz or 1.8 GHz<ref name="1.8Ghz">{{cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=9 November 2021 |title=Bullseye bonus: 1.8GHz Raspberry Pi 4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/bullseye-bonus-1-8ghz-raspberry-pi-4/ |access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref>
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A76|Cortex-A76]] @ 2.4 GHz<ref name="RPi5_Specs" />
| 1× [[ARM11]] @ 700 MHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] @ 1.2 GHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A72|Cortex-A72]] @ 1.5 GHz
| 1× [[ARM11]] @ 1 GHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] @ 1 GHz
| 4× [[ARM Cortex-A72|Cortex-A72]] @ 1.8 GHz
|-
! scope="row" | [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]]
| colspan="2" {{N/A}}
| colspan="8" | [[VideoCore]] IV @ 250 MHz{{efn|group="specs"|name="GPU"}}
| VideoCore IV @ 400 MHz (Core) / 300 MHz (V3D)
| VideoCore VI @ 500 MHz<ref name="raspberrypi.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/raspberry-pi-4-specs-benchmarks/|title=Raspberry Pi 4 specs and benchmarks|date=24 June 2019|website=The MagPi Magazine|access-date=24 June 2019}}</ref>
| VideoCore VII @ 800 MHz<ref name="RPi5_Specs" />
| colspan="2" | VideoCore IV @ 250 MHz{{efn|group="specs"|name="GPU"}}
| VideoCore VI @ 500 MHz<ref name="raspberrypi.org" />
| colspan="2" | VideoCore IV @ 400 MHz (Core) / 300 MHz (V3D)
| VideoCore VI @ 500 MHz
|-
! scope="row" | Memory (SDRAM)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/revision-codes/README.md|title=Raspberry Pi revision codes|date=28 May 2020|website=Raspberry Pi Documentation|access-date=4 June 2020}}</ref>
| 264 KB
| 520 KB
| 256 MiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 256 or 512 MiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}<br />Changed to 512 MB on 10 August 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.adafruit.com/product/2266|title=Raspberry Pi Modal A+ 512MB RAM|date=10 August 2016|website=Adafruit|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref>
| 512 MiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 256 or 512 MiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}<br />Changed to 512 MB on 15 October 2012<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/model-b-now-ships-with-512mb-of-ram/|title=Model B Now Ships with 512 MB of RAM|date=15 October 2012|website=Raspberry Pi Blog|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref>
| 512 MiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| colspan="4" | 1 GiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 1, 2, 4 or 8 GiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 2, 4, 8 or 16 GiB
| 512 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 1 GiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 1, 2, 4 or 8 GiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| colspan="2" | 512 MiB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 4 GiB
|-
! scope="row" | USB 2.0 ports<ref name="VerifiedPeripheralList">{{cite web |url=https://elinux.org/RaspberryPiBoardVerifiedPeripherals |title=Verified USB Peripherals and SDHC Cards; |publisher=Elinux.org |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref>
| colspan="2" rowspan="10" {{N/A}}
| colspan="2" | 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}
| 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2837USB"}}
| 2{{efn|group="specs"|name="RPi1B_USB"}}<ref name="SMSC-LAN9512-Website">{{cite web |url=https://www.smsc.com/index.php?tid=300&pid=135 |title=SMSC LAN9512 Website; |publisher=Smsc.com |access-date=6 May 2012 |archive-date=10 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510001446/https://www.smsc.com/index.php?tid=300&pid=135 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| colspan="5" | 4{{efn|group="specs"|name="4 USB"}}<ref name="SMSC-LAN9514-specs">{{cite web |url=https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/9514.pdf |title=Microchip/SMSC LAN9514 data sheet; |publisher=Microchip |access-date=15 July 2014 |archive-date=12 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012180152/http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/9514.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="B-Plus-Announcement" />
| colspan="2" | 2<ref name="ars4">{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/06/faster-raspberry-pi-4-promises-desktop-class-performance/|title=The Raspberry Pi 4 brings faster CPU, up to 4 GB of RAM|last=Amadeo|first=Ron|date=24 June 2019|website=Ars Technica|access-date=24 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="IN" />
| 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| 1
| colspan="2" | 1 Micro-USB{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}
| 1
|-
! scope="row" | USB 3.0 ports
| colspan="9" {{N/A}}
| colspan="2" | 2<ref name="ars4" /><ref name="IN" />
| colspan="5" {{N/A}}
|2
|-
! scope="row" | USB OTG ports
| colspan="9" {{N/A}}
| 1 (Power {{nowrap|USB-C}}){{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=243966|title=Very simple OTG on pi4 – Raspberry Pi Forums|website=www.raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
|
| colspan="2" {{N/A}}
| {{dunno}}
| colspan="2" | 1 Micro-USB{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}
| {{N/A}}
|-
! scope="row" | PCIe interface
| colspan="10" {{N/A}}
|[[PCIe]] Gen 2 x1
| colspan="2" {{N/A}}
| PCIe Gen 2 x1
| colspan="2" {{N/A}}
| {{N/A}}
|-
! scope="row" | Video input
| colspan="10" | 15-pin [[Mobile Industry Processor Interface|MIPI]] [[camera interface]] ([[Camera Serial Interface|CSI]]) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera<ref>{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/File:Raspi-Model-AB-Mono-2-699x1024.png |title=diagram of Raspberry Pi with CSI camera connector |publisher=Elinux.org |date=2 March 2012 |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref>
| 2× 22-pin mini-MIPI display/camera interface (DSI/CSI)<ref name="rpi5-doc">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi-5.html|title=Raspberry Pi Documentation - Raspberry Pi 5|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=3 February 2024}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 2× MIPI camera interface (CSI){{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Announcement">{{cite web | url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/ | title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module: New Product! | publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation | access-date=22 September 2014 | archive-date=21 September 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="CM-Schematic">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CM-V1_1-SCHEMATIC.pdf|title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module electrical schematic diagram|author=Adams, James|date=3 April 2014|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530033626/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CM-V1_1-SCHEMATIC.pdf|archive-date=30 May 2014|access-date=22 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="CM-IO-Board-Schematic">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CMIO-V1_2-SCHEMATIC.pdf |title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module IO Board electrical schematic diagram |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=3 April 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |author=Adams, James|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530033631/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CMIO-V1_2-SCHEMATIC.pdf|archive-date=30 May 2014}}</ref>
|2-lane MIPI CSI camera interface, 4-lane MIPI CSI camera interface
| v1.3 & W: MIPI camera interface (CSI)<ref name="zero-camera">{{cite web |author=Upton, Eben |date=16 May 2016 |title=zero grows camera connector |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/zero-grows-camera-connector/ |access-date=17 May 2016 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref>
|MIPI camera interface (CSI)<ref name="zero-camera" />
| {{N/A}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[HDMI]]
| colspan="9" | 1× [[HDMI]] (rev 1.3)
| 2× [[HDMI]] (rev 2.0) via Micro-HDMI<ref name="TechRepublicPi4">{{cite web |url=https://www.techrepublic.com/article/raspberry-pi-4-model-b-review-this-board-really-can-replace-your-pc/ |title=Raspberry Pi 4 Model B review: This board really can replace your PC|author=Nick Heath |website=TechRepublic|access-date=24 June 2019 |date=23 June 2019}}</ref>
|2x HDMI (rev?)
| colspan="2" | 1 × HDMI{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| 2 × HDMI
| colspan="2" | 1 × Mini-HDMI
| 2× [[HDMI]] (rev 2.0) via Micro-HDMI
|-
! scope="row" | [[Composite video]]
| via [[RCA jack]]
| colspan="2" | via 3.5 mm CTIA-style [[Phone connector (audio)|TRRS jack]]
| via [[RCA jack]]
| colspan="6" | via 3.5 mm CTIA style [[Phone connector (audio)|TRRS jack]]
|pair of 0.1"-spaced pads
| colspan="2" | Yes{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Schematic" /><ref name="CM-Announcement-Comment-James-Adams-composite-video">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509472|title=Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement|author=Adams, James|date=7 April 2014|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=22 September 2014|archive-date=21 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509472|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{dunno}}
| colspan="2" | via marked points on PCB for optional header pins<ref>{{cite web|url=https://learn.pi-supply.com/pi-zero-the-new-raspberry-pi-board/?v=c86ee0d9d7ed|title=Pi Zero – The New Raspberry Pi Board • Pi Supply|work=Pi Supply|date=26 November 2015}}</ref>
| {{dunno}}
|-
! scope="row" | MIPI display interface ([[Display Serial Interface|DSI]]){{efn|group="specs"|for raw [[Liquid crystal display|LCD]] panels}}
| colspan="10" | 1× standard size (15-pin, 1 mm pitch), for a display only
| 2× mini<ref name="rpi5-doc-camera">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi-5.html#attaching-cameras|title=Raspberry Pi Documentation - Raspberry Pi 5 - Attaching cameras|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=3 February 2024}}</ref> (22-pin, 0.5 mm pitch), each for a display or camera
| colspan="2" | Yes{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><ref name="CM-IO-Board-Schematic" /><ref name="DSI">{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/Rpi_Screens|title=Raspberry Pi Wiki, section screens|publisher=Elinux.org|access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/File:Raspi-Model-AB-Mono-2-699x1024.png|title=diagram of Raspberry Pi with DSI LCD connector|publisher=Elinux.org|access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref>
| Yes
| colspan="2" | No
| {{dunno}}
|-
! scope="row" | Audio inputs
| colspan="16" | As of revision 2 boards via [[I²S]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=8496|title=I2S driver development thread|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
| {{dunno}}
|-
! scope="row" | Audio outputs
| colspan="10" | Analog via [[phone connector (audio)|3.5 mm phone jack]]; digital via HDMI and, as of revision 2 boards, [[I²S]]
|HDMI
| colspan="2" | Analog, HDMI, [[I²S]]{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
|
| colspan="2" | Mini-HDMI, stereo audio through PWM on GPIO
| Micro-HDMI
|-
! scope="row" | On-board storage<ref name="VerifiedPeripheralList" />
| {{N/A}}
| 4 MB internal flash
| [[Secure Digital|SD]], [[MultiMediaCard|MMC]], SDIO card slot (3.3 [[Volt|V]] with card power only)
| colspan="2" | [[MicroSDHC]] slot<ref name="B-Plus-Announcement" />
| [[Secure Digital|SD]], [[MultiMediaCard|MMC]], SDIO card slot
| colspan="2" | [[MicroSDHC]] slot
| colspan="4" |[[MicroSDHC]] slot, USB Boot Mode<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bootmodes/msd.md|title=How to boot from a USB Mass Storage Device on a Raspberry Pi 3 |publisher= Raspberry Pi Documentation}}</ref>
|[[SD card|MicroSDHC]] [[SD card#UHS-I|UHS-1]] Slot
| colspan="2" | 4 GB [[eMMC]] (optional)<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><!-- may or may not support external SD cards with configuration changes-->
|8/16/32 GB [[eMMC]] (optional)<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><!-- may or may not support external SD cards with configuration changes-->
| colspan="2" |[[MicroSDHC]] slot
|[[MicroSDHC]] slot
|-
! scope="row" | [[Ethernet]]<br>(Max. [[Mbit/s]])
| colspan="5" {{N/A}}
| colspan="5" | 100
| 300<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 March 2018|title=Raspberry Pi 3B+ Specs and Benchmarks – The MagPi Magazine|work=The MagPi Magazine|url=https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/articles/raspberry-pi-3bplus-specs-benchmarks|access-date=17 August 2018}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 1000<ref name="ars4" />
| colspan="3" rowspan="3" {{N/A}}
| colspan="2" {{N/A}}
| 1000
|-
! scope="row" | WiFi
| 2.4 GHz 802.11n (optional, W model)
| 2.4 GHz 802.11n (optional, W model)
| 2.4/5 GHz 802.11b/g/n/ac
| colspan="6" rowspan="2" {{N/A}}
| 2.4 GHz 802.11b/g/n
| colspan="3" | 2.4/5 GHz 802.11b/g/n/ac
| colspan="2" | 2.4 GHz 802.11b/g/n (optional, W model)
|2.4/5 GHz 802.11b/g/n/ac
|-
! scope="row" | Bluetooth
| 5.2 (optional, W model)
| 5.2 (optional, W model)
| 4.2, BLE
| 4.1, BLE
| 4.2, LS BLE
| colspan="2" | 5.0, BLE
| colspan="2" | 4.2, BLE (optional, W model)
|5.0
|-
! scope="row" | Low-level peripherals
| colspan="2" | UART
| 8× [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]]<ref>More GPIOs can be used if the low-level peripherals are unused</ref> plus the following, which can also be used as GPIO: [[Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter|UART]], [[I²C]] bus, [[Serial Peripheral Interface Bus|SPI]] bus with two [[chip select]]s, [[I²S]] audio<ref>Since the release of the revision 2 model</ref> +3.3 V, +5 V, ground<ref name="hq-qa" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/RPi_Low-level_peripherals |title=Raspberry Pi GPIO Connector; |publisher=Elinux.org |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 17× [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]] plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus
| 8× [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]] plus the following, which can also be used as GPIO: [[Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter|UART]], [[I²C]] bus, [[Serial Peripheral Interface Bus|SPI]] bus with two [[chip select]]s, [[I²S]] audio +3.3 V, +5 V, ground.
| colspan="5" | 17× [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]] plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus
| 17× [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]] plus the same specific functions, HAT, and an additional 4× UART, 4× SPI, and 4× I2C connectors.{{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.hackster.io/meet-the-new-raspberry-pi-4-model-b-9b4698c284|title=Meet the New Raspberry Pi 4, Model B|last=Allan|first=Alasdair |date=24 June 2019|website=Hackster Blog|access-date=30 June 2019}}</ref>
|
| colspan="2" | 46× [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]], some of which can be used for specific functions including [[I²C]], [[Serial Peripheral Interface Bus|SPI]], [[Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter|UART]], [[pulse-code modulation|PCM]], [[pulse-width modulation|PWM]]{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Announcement-Comment-James-Adams-GPIO">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509549 |title=Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=7 April 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |author=Adams, James |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509549 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 28 × GPIO supporting either 1.8v or 3.3v signalling and peripheral options
| colspan="2" | 17× GPIO plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus<ref name="Zero-Announcement" />
| {{dunno}}
|-
! scope="row" | Power ratings
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| 300 mA (1.5 W)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/260 |title=Power supply confirmed as 5V micro USB |date=20 October 2011 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |access-date=25 July 2012 |archive-date=1 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401182243/https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/260 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 200 mA (1 W)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspi.today/raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-out-now/|title=Features|last=raspi.today|publisher=Raspberry Pi Today|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727005908/https://www.raspi.today/raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-out-now/|archive-date=27 July 2015}}</ref>
| {{dunno}}
| 700 mA (3.5 W)
| 200 mA (1 W) average when idle, 350 mA (1.75 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard and mouse connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ">{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/help/faqs/#pi-power|title=Raspberry Pi FAQs – Frequently Asked Questions|work=Raspberry Pi|access-date=30 June 2019}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 220 mA (1.1 W) average when idle, 820 mA (4.1 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard and mouse connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" />
| 300 mA (1.5 W) average when idle, 1.34 A (6.7 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard, mouse and WiFi connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" />
| 459 mA (2.295 W) average when idle, 1.13 A (5.661 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard, mouse and WiFi connected){{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Raspberry-Pi-Benchmarks-Power-Draw.jpg |title=Power Draw |access-date=14 March 2018 |archive-date=15 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134309/https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Raspberry-Pi-Benchmarks-Power-Draw.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 600 mA (3 W) average when idle, 1.25 A (6.25 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard, mouse and Ethernet connected),
1.6 A (8 W) for "[[power virus]]" workloads<ref name="IN" />{{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" /> 3 A (15 W) power supply recommended.{{wbr}}<ref name="Pi4OnSale">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-4-on-sale-now-from-35/|title=Raspberry Pi 4 on sale now from $35|date=24 June 2019|first=Eben|last=Upton|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref>
|12 W for "[[power virus]]" workloads<ref name="IN" />
| 200 mA (1 W)
| 700 mA (3.5 W)
| {{dunno}}
| 100 mA (0.5 W) average when idle, 350 mA (1.75 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard and mouse connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" />
|120 mA (0.6 W) average when idle<ref name="cnx-software-20211209">{{cite web |url=https://www.cnx-software.com/2021/12/09/raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-power-consumption/ |title=A deep dive into Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W's power consumption |last=Aufranc |first=Jean-Luc |website=CNX Software |date=9 December 2021 |access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref>
| {{dunno}}
|-
! scope="row" | Power source
| colspan="2" | MicroUSB or GPIO Header 1.8 V to 5 V
| colspan="7" | 5 V via [[MicroUSB]] or GPIO header
| colspan="2" | 5 V via [[MicroUSB]], GPIO header, or [[Power over Ethernet|PoE]] (with the PoE HAT)
| colspan="2" | 5 V via {{nowrap|USB-C}}, GPIO header, or [[Power over Ethernet|PoE]] (with the PoE HAT)
| colspan="2" | 2.5–5 V, 3.3 V, 2.5–3.3 V, and 1.8 V{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| 5 V
| colspan="2" | 5 V via [[MicroUSB]] or GPIO header
|5 V via USB-C
|-
! scope="row" | Size
| colspan="2" |{{Convert|51xx21|mm|abbr=on}}<ref name="Pico 1 Product Brief">{{Cite web |date=January 2021 |title=Raspberry Pi Pico 1 product brief |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/pico/pico-product-brief.pdf |access-date=20 May 2025 |website=Raspberry P}}</ref>
| {{cvt|85.6|xx|56.5|mm}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="size con"}}
| {{cvt|65|xx|56.5|xx|10|mm}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="size hat"}}
| {{cvt|65|xx|56.5|mm}}
| colspan="4" | {{cvt|85.60|xx|56.5|mm}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="size con"}}
| colspan="3" | {{cvt|85.60|xx|56.5|xx|17|mm}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://socialcompare.com/en/review/raspberry-pi-3 |title=Raspberry Pi 3 |website=SocialCompare}}</ref>
|{{Convert|85xx56|mm|abbr=on}}
| {{cvt|67.6|xx|30|mm}}
| {{cvt|67.6|xx|31|mm}}
| {{Convert|55xx40|mm|abbr=on}}
| colspan="2" | {{cvt|65|xx|30|xx|5|mm}}
| {{Convert|286xx113xx23|mm|abbr=on}}
|-
! scope="row" | Weight
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{cvt|31|g}}
| {{cvt|23|g}}
|
| colspan="6" | {{cvt|45|g}}
| {{cvt|46|g}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/raspberry-pi-4-b,6193.html|title=Raspberry Pi 4 Review: The New Gold Standard for Single-Board Computing|last1=Piltch|first1=Avram|last2=Halfacree |first2=Gareth |date=2019-11-14 |website=Tom's Hardware|access-date=23 December 2019}}</ref>
|
| colspan="2" | {{cvt|7|g}}<ref name="CM-Announcement-Comment-James-Adams-Weight">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509481 |title=Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=7 April 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |author=Adams, James |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509481 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
| {{cvt|9|g}}<ref name="MagPi-Issue40-PiZeroReleaseArticle">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi-issues/MagPi40.pdf |title=MagPi, issue 40, Raspberry Pi Zero release article |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=26 November 2015 |access-date=26 November 2015 |archive-date=15 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115234431/https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi-issues/MagPi40.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|{{cvt|10.8|g}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | Production lifetime
| 2028<ref name="Pico 1 Product Brief" /><br>W: 2036<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi Pico 1 W product brief |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/picow/pico-w-product-brief.pdf |access-date=20 May 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
| 2040<ref name="Pico 2 Product Brief" />
| 2026
| 2026
| 2030
| 2026
| 2030
| 2026
| 2026{{wbr}}<ref name="RPi3-ModelB-obsolescence">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b/ |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=26 May 2020}}</ref>
| 2026
| 2028<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ltd |first=Raspberry Pi |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-plus/ |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| 2026
| 2035
| colspan="2" | 2026
| 2028
| 2026{{wbr}}<ref name="pi-zero-specs">{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Zero |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-zero/ |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
| 2028
| {{dunno}}
|}
{{notelist|group="specs"|refs=
{{efn|group="specs"|name="GPU"|BCM2837: 3D part of GPU at 300 MHz, video part of GPU at 400 MHz,<ref name="hq-qa">{{cite web|title=Q&A with our hardware team |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/2011/09/qa-with-our-hardware-team/ |access-date=20 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924064435/https://www.raspberrypi.org/2011/09/qa-with-our-hardware-team/ |archive-date=24 September 2011 }}</ref><ref name="HalfacreeModelB">{{cite web|last=Halfacree|first=Gareth|title=Raspberry Pi review |quote=The Model B|url=https://www.bit-tech.net/hardware/pcs/2012/04/16/raspberry-pi-review/2|work=bit-tech.net|publisher=[[Dennis Publishing Limited]]|access-date=10 June 2013}}</ref> [[OpenGL ES]] 2.0 (BCM2835, BCM2836: 24 G[[FLOPS]] / BCM2837: 28.8 GFLOPS). [[MPEG-2]] and [[VC-1]] (with licence),<ref name="rpi-codec">{{Cite web |title=New video features! MPEG-2 and VC-1 decode, H.264 encode, CEC |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825201206/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839 |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=26 August 2012 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> [[1080p]]30 [[H.264/MPEG-4 AVC]] high-profile decoder and encoder<ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website" /> (BCM2837: 1080p60)}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"|Shared with GPU}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"|Direct from the BCM2835 chip}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="2837USB"|Direct from the BCM2837B0 chip}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="RPi1B_USB"|via on-board 3-port USB hub; one USB port internally connected to the Ethernet port.}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="4 USB"|via on-board 5-port USB hub; one USB port internally connected to the Ethernet port.}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"|200-pin DDR2 [[SO-DIMM]] interface till CM3+, }}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="size con"|Excluding protruding connectors}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="size hat"|Same as HAT board.}}
}}
== Software ==
=== Operating systems ===
[[File:Raspberry Pi OS 12 screenshot.png|thumb|[[Raspberry Pi OS]] "Bookworm", showing the [[file manager]] and [[Chromium (web browser)|Chromium]], the default web browser.]]
The recommended operating system is [[Raspberry Pi OS]], a [[Debian]]-based [[Linux distribution]] optimized for Raspberry Pi hardware and tuned to have low base memory requirements. It is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions and comes in several editions: a standard edition, a "Lite" version without a desktop environment, and a "Full" version that includes a comprehensive suite of software.<ref name="OS" />
Raspberry Pi OS can be purchased pre-installed on a [[microSD card]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ltd |first=Raspberry Pi |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi SD Cards |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/sd-cards/ |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref> or downloaded and installed using Raspberry Pi Imager, a utility introduced in March 2020 to simplify the installation of operating systems onto SD cards and other media for Raspberry Pi devices. Available for [[macOS]], Raspberry Pi OS, [[Ubuntu]], and [[Windows]], Imager allows users to download and write operating system disk images within a single application.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hollingworth |first=Gordon |date=2020-03-05 |title=Introducing Raspberry Pi Imager, our new imaging utility |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-imager-imaging-utility/ |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref> In addition to Raspberry Pi OS, the utility supports a variety of third-party operating systems, including [[Alpine Linux]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Alpine Linux about |url=https://alpinelinux.org/about/ |access-date=21 July 2021 |website=Alpinelinux.org}}</ref> [[Armbian]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Musubi |first=Pander |date=9 January 2022 |title=Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.armbian.com/rpi4b/ |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Armbian |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Emteria.OS]] ([[Android (operating system)|Android]] based),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Free Android 13 OS now available in Raspberry Pi Imager |url=https://emteria.com/blog/android-13-in-raspberry-pi-imager |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=emteria.com |language=en}}</ref> [[FreedomBox]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 April 2024 |title=FreedomBox now available in Raspberry Pi Imager |url=https://discuss.freedombox.org/t/freedombox-now-available-in-raspberry-pi-imager/3013 |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=FreedomBox Forum |language=en}}</ref> [[Kali Linux]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Using the Raspberry Pi Imager software to write Kali Raspberry Pi Images |url=https://www.kali.org/docs/arm/using-rpi-imager-to-write-raspberry-pi-images/ |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Kali Linux |language=English}}</ref> [[LibreELEC]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Create Media |url=https://wiki.libreelec.tv/installation/create-media |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425024232/https://wiki.libreelec.tv/installation/create-media |archive-date=25 April 2025 |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=LibreELEC |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref> RetroPie,<ref>{{cite web |title=RetroPie |url=https://retropie.org.uk/ |access-date=25 August 2020 |website=RetroPie}}</ref> [[RISC OS]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=RISC OS for the Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/content/downloads/raspberry-pi}}</ref> [[SatNOGS]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi |url=https://wiki.satnogs.org/Raspberry_Pi |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=SatNOGS}}</ref> and Ubuntu.<ref name="OS" />
=== Firmware ===
The Raspberry Pi uses official firmware that is [[Proprietary software|proprietary]], meaning its source code is not publicly available, but the [[binary blob]] can be [[freely redistributable software|freely redistributed]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/Hexxeh/rpi-firmware/blob/master/LICENCE.broadcom|title=Hexxeh/rpi-firmware|website=GitHub|date=28 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Compiling Haiku for Arm|url=https://www.haiku-os.org/guides/building/compiling-arm|website=haiku-os.org|access-date=30 April 2015}}</ref> An experimental [[Open-source software|open-source]] alternative to the official firmware is also available. Although limited in functionality, it demonstrates that it is possible to start the Raspberry Pi's ARM processor cores and boot a basic version of the Linux kernel without relying on the proprietary components. This is significant for developers and advocates who aim to build fully open systems.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/christinaa/rpi-open-firmware |title=christinaa/rpi-open-firmware |website=GitHub |date=3 November 2021}}</ref>
===
[[File:Raspberrypi video API 03.svg|thumb|Scheme of the implemented [[application programming interface|APIs]]: [[OpenMAX IL]], [[OpenGL ES]] and [[OpenVG]] ]]
{{See also|VideoCore#Linux support}}
Raspberry Pi systems use Broadcom's [[VideoCore]] GPU, which requires a proprietary binary blob to be loaded at boot. Initially, the supporting software stack was entirely proprietary,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Raspberry-Pi-warms-up-1341629.html |title=Raspberry Pi warms up |work=[[The H]] |date=13 September 2011 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=djwm |archive-date=25 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125071912/http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Raspberry-Pi-warms-up-1341629.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> though parts of the code were later released.<ref name="Ars Technica 2012" /> Most driver functionality remains within closed-source GPU firmware, accessed via runtime libraries such as [[OpenMAX IL]], [[OpenGL ES]], and [[OpenVG]]. These libraries interface with a kernel-space open-source driver, which in turn communicates with the closed GPU firmware. Applications use [[OpenMAX IL]] for video, [[OpenGL ES]] for 3D graphics, and [[OpenVG]] for 2D graphics, with all graphics libraries making use of [[EGL (OpenGL)|EGL]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/592 |publisher=raspberrypi.org |title=Libraries, codecs, OSS |date=31 January 2012 |access-date=12 February 2022 |archive-date=30 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030114016/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/592 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
In February 2020, Raspberry Pi announced the development of a [[Vulkan (API)|Vulkan]] graphics driver.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/raspberry-pi-vulkan-graphics-driver-release|title=Raspberry Pi to Get Vulkan Graphics Driver (Eventually)|first=Nathaniel |last=Mott|website=Tom's Hardware|date=3 February 2020}}</ref> A working prototype demonstrated high performance in [[Quake III Arena]] on a Raspberry Pi 3B+ later that year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/nvidia-engineer-vulkan-driver-raspberry-pi-quake-iii-100-fps|title=Nvidia Engineer's Vulkan Driver For Raspberry Pi Runs Quake III Over 100 FPS at 720p|first=Zhiye|last=Liu|website=Tom's Hardware|date=20 June 2020}}</ref> On 24 November 2020, Raspberry Pi 4's Vulkan driver was declared Vulkan 1.0 conformant,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/vulkan-update-were-conformant/|title=Vulkan update: we're conformant!|date=24 November 2020|website=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> with subsequent conformance updates for versions 1.1<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Vulkan update: version 1.1 conformance for Raspberry Pi 4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/vulkan-update-version-1-1-conformance-for-raspberry-pi-4/ |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref> and 1.2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=1 August 2022 |title=Vulkan update: version 1.2 conformance for Raspberry Pi 4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/vulkan-update-version-1-2-conformance-for-raspberry-pi-4/ |access-date=4 August 2022 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
== Official accessories ==
=== Cameras ===
[[File:Raspberry Pi Camera Module - Hand-Held (14672275231).jpg|thumb|Camera Module (original)]]
[[File:Raspberry pi camera.jpg|thumb|High Quality Camera Module]]
Raspberry Pi offers several official camera modules that connect via the [[Camera Serial Interface]]. These modules are used for photography, video capture, and machine vision applications.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Camera |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/accessories/camera.html |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Raspberry Pi Documentation |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Camera Module''' (2013) – A 5-[[megapixel]] (MP) camera based on the [[OmniVision Technologies|OmniVision]] OV5647 sensor, supporting video resolutions up to 1080p. A version without an [[Infrared cut-off filter|infrared filter]] (NoIR) was available for [[Night-vision device|night-vision]] applications when used with infrared lighting.<ref>{{cite web |title=Elinux Wiki: Description of Raspberry Pi Camera Board |url=https://elinux.org/Rpi_Camera_Module |access-date=3 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pi NoIR |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/tag/pi-noir/ |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> This model is no longer produced.
* '''Camera Module 2''' (2016) – 8 MP Sony IMX219 sensor. Also available in NoIR version.<ref>{{cite web |title=Camera Documentation |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/camera/ |access-date=7 December 2020}}</ref>
* '''High Quality Camera''' (2020) – 12.3 MP Sony IMX477 sensor. Supports interchangeable [[C mount|C/CS mount]] or [[S-mount (CCTV lens)|M12 mount]] lenses and includes a [[Tripod head|tripod thread]]. Not available in a NoIR version, but IR filter can be removed.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 April 2020 |title=Raspberry Pi High Quality Camera |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-high-quality-camera/ |access-date=1 May 2020}}</ref>
* '''Camera Module 3''' (2023) – 12 MP Sony IMX708 sensor with support for [[autofocus]] and [[high dynamic range]]. Offered in four variants: standard, [[Wide-angle lens|wide field of view]] (FoV), NoIR, and NoIR wide FoV.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=9 January 2023 |title=New autofocus camera modules! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-autofocus-camera-modules/ |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* '''Global Shutter Camera''' (2023) – 1.6 MP Sony IMX296 sensor with [[global shutter]] for [[High-speed camera|high-speed imaging]]. Supports C/CS mount lenses and includes a tripod mount. Not available in a NoIR version, but IR filter can be removed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=9 March 2023 |title=New Raspberry Pi Global Shutter Camera for machine vision and more |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-raspberry-pi-global-shutter-camera/ |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* '''AI Camera''' (2024) – 12.3 MP Sony IMX500 sensor with integrated on-sensor processing capabilities for AI applications.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Patuck |first=Naush |date=30 September 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi AI Camera on sale now at $70 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-ai-camera-on-sale-now/ |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
=== Displays ===
Raspberry Pi also offers official display peripherals for graphical and touchscreen interfaces:
* '''Raspberry Pi Touch Display''' (2015) – A 7-inch capacitive touchscreen.<ref>{{ cite web |last= Hollingworth |first= Gordon |date=8 September 2015 |title=The eagerly awaited Raspberry Pi Display |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/the-eagerly-awaited-raspberry-pi-display/ |website= Raspberry Pi |access-date= 19 August 2025 }}</ref>
* '''Raspberry Pi Touch Display 2''' (2024) – A revised version of the original 7-inch touchscreen display with improved performance and compatibility.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=4 November 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi Touch Display 2 on sale now at $60 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-touch-display-2-on-sale-now-at-60/ |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* '''Raspberry Pi Monitor''' (2024) – A 15.6-inch Full HD IPS display with built-in speakers and folding stand.<ref>{{ cite news |last= Liszewski |first= Andrew |date=9 December 2024 |title=Raspberry Pi's new keyboard computer can power an optional $100 display |url=https://www.theverge.com/2024/12/9/24316955/raspberry-pi-500-keyboard-computer-monitor |access-date= 19 August 2025 |work=The Verge }}</ref>
* '''5 inch Raspberry Pi Touch Display 2''' (2025) – A smaller and cheaper version from 2024 version.<ref>{{ Cite web |last= Hollingworth |first= Gordon |date= 18 August 2025 |title= A new 5″ variant of Raspberry Pi Touch Display 2 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/a-new-5-variant-of-raspberry-pi-touch-display-2/ |website=Raspberry Pi |access-date= 19 August 2025 |language=en-GB }}</ref>
===
[[File:Raspberry Pi 4B DVB TV μHat (angle).jpg|thumb|right|Raspberry Pi 4 Model B with a "TV Hat" card (for DVB-T/T2 television reception) attached]]
Official Raspberry Pi HATs (Hardware Attached on Top) and expansion boards extend the functionality of Raspberry Pi computers. The HAT standard was introduced in July 2014. Many boards use an EEPROM for automatic configuration.<ref>{{cite web |title=HAT board EEPROM format |url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/hats/blob/master/eeprom-format.md |access-date=16 September 2014 |website=GitHub}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=November 2021 |title=HAT board mechanical specification |url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/hats/blob/master/hat-board-mechanical.pdf |website=GitHub}}</ref>
* '''AI HAT+''' (2024) – A HAT for the Raspberry Pi 5 featuring a built-in [[Hailo Technologies|Hailo]] chip providing 13 or 26 TOPS of AI acceleration.<ref>{{cite web |title=Introducing the Raspberry Pi AI HAT+ with up to 26 TOPS |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-ai-hat/ |access-date=9 June 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi launches higher performance AI HAT+ — 13 and 26 TOPS variants |url=https://www.techspot.com/news/105286-raspberry-pi-launches-ai-hat-13-26-tops.html |access-date=9 June 2025}}</ref>
* '''M.2 HAT+''' (2024) – A HAT for the Raspberry Pi 5 featuring an interface for attaching M.2 peripherals such as NVMe SSDs and AI accelerators.
** '''AI Kit''' (2024) – A bundle including the M.2 HAT+ and a Hailo AI accelerator module.
** '''SSD Kit''' (2024) – A bundle including the M.2 HAT+ and a NVMe SSD.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''Sense HAT''' (2015) – Includes sensors for temperature, humidity, pressure, orientation, and a 8×8 LED matrix with a joystick. Originally part of the Astro Pi project.<ref>{{cite web |title=Buy the Sense HAT – as seen in space! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/buy-the-sense-hat-as-seen-in-space/ |access-date=9 June 2025}}</ref>
* '''PoE+ HAT''' – Enables [[Power over Ethernet]] functionality for models with PoE support.
* '''Build HAT''' – Designed to interface with [[Lego Technic]] motors and sensors.
* '''TV HAT''' (2018) – Allows reception and decoding of digital DVB-T2 television broadcasts.<ref>{{cite web |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi TV HAT |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-tv-hat/ |access-date=9 June 2025}}</ref>
* '''DAC+ / DAC Pro / DigiAMP+''' – A range of audio HATs offering high-resolution digital-to-analog conversion, with the DigiAMP+ including a built-in amplifier.
* '''Codec Zero''' – A compact audio input/output board sized for the Raspberry Pi Zero.
==== Power supplies ====
* '''Build HAT Power Supply''' – A 48 W power supply providing 8 V at up to 6 A, designed for use with the Build HAT. It provides sufficient power for connected Lego Technic motors and sensors, as well as the attached Raspberry Pi computer.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2021 |title=Build HAT Power Supply product brief |url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/build-hat/raspberry-pi-build-hat-power-supply-product-brief.pdf |access-date=2025-07-07 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
* '''PoE+ Injector''' (2018) – Provides Power over Ethernet (up to 30W) for compatible models using a PoE HAT.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''USB Power Supplies''' – Available in multiple versions delivering 5.1V at different power levels: 12.5W via Micro-USB for earlier models, 15W via USB-C for Pi 4, 27W via USB-C for Pi 5, and 45W via USB-C for third-party laptops.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
==== Peripherals ====
* '''Active Cooler''' (2023) – A heatsink and temperature‑controlled fan for thermal management on Pi 5.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''Cables and adapters''' – Includes HDMI (micro for Pi 4/5, mini for Zero), USB (micro‑USB and USB‑C), and various adapters for display and peripheral connectivity.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''Cases''' – Plastic enclosures for Raspberry Pi A+, 3, 4, 5, and Zero series with venting, and in some cases, fans, to aid heat dissipation. A minimalist "bumper case" silicone enclosure is also offered for the Pi 5.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''Keyboard and Mouse''' – Official USB keyboard (with integrated hub with three USB 2 Type-A ports) and optical mouse designed for use with Raspberry Pi.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''SD Cards''' – Officially tested microSD cards that support A2 command queueing, C10 card speeds, and SDR104 bus speeds.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''USB 3 Hub''' – Adds four additional USB 3 Type-A ports, also includes a USB-C power input to support high power draw peripherals.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
==== Debugging and utility ====
* '''Debug Probe''' (2022) – RP2040-based hardware debug tool for Raspberry Pi and RP2040 development boards.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
* '''RTC Battery''' (2024) – Rechargeable lithium battery for powering the real-time clock on Raspberry Pi 5 during power loss.<ref name="Accessories Documentation" />
== Reception and use ==
[[File:NASAJPLOpenSourceRover.webp|thumb|NASA's ''Open Source Rover'' powered by a Raspberry Pi 3]]
Technology writer [[Glyn Moody]] described the project in May 2011 as a "potential {{nowrap|[[BBC Micro]] 2.0}}", not by replacing {{nowrap|[[PC compatible]]}} machines but by supplementing them.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2011/05/as-british-as-raspberry-pi |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102155751/https://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2011/05/as-british-as-raspberry-pi |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 January 2013 |title=As British as Raspberry Pi? |work=Computerworld UK Open Enterprise blog |date=9 May 2011 |access-date=2 February 2012 |first=Moody |last=Glyn |author-link=Glyn Moody}}</ref> In March 2012 Stephen Pritchard echoed the BBC Micro successor sentiment in ''ITPRO''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.itpro.co.uk/639292/raspberry-pi-a-bbc-micro-for-todays-generation |title=Raspberry Pi: A BBC Micro for today's generation |work=ITPRO |date=1 March 2012 |access-date=15 March 2012 |author=Pritchard, Stephen}}</ref> Alex Hope, co-author of the Next Gen report, is hopeful that the computer will engage children with the excitement of programming.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/8931387/Computing-classes-dont-teach-programming-skills.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/8931387/Computing-classes-dont-teach-programming-skills.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Computing classes don't teach programming skills |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=3 December 2011 |access-date=27 February 2012 |author=Stanford, Peter |___location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Co-author [[Ian Livingstone]] suggested that the [[BBC]] could be involved in building support for the device, possibly branding it as the BBC Nano.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-16424990 |title=Raspberry Pi bids for success with classroom coders |work=BBC News|date=10 January 2012 |access-date=29 February 2012 |author=Vallance, Chris}}</ref> [[The Centre for Computing History]] strongly supports the Raspberry Pi project, feeling that it could "usher in a new era".<ref>{{cite web |date=9 January 2012 |title=One of the First Raspberry Pi Computers Donated to Museum |url=https://www.computinghistory.org.uk/news/16944/ |access-date=28 February 2012 |publisher=[[The Centre for Computing History]]}}</ref> Before release, the board was showcased by [[ARM Ltd.|ARM's]] CEO [[Warren East]] at an event in Cambridge outlining Google's ideas to improve UK science and technology education.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/how-google-can-really-help-improve-stem-teaching-in-the-uk.html |title=How Google can really help improve STEM teaching in the UK |work=Cabume |date=23 February 2012 |access-date=28 February 2012 |author=Osborn, George |archive-date=2 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302104327/http://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/how-google-can-really-help-improve-stem-teaching-in-the-uk.html |url-status=dead}}</ref>
Harry Fairhead, however, suggests that more emphasis should be put on improving the educational software available on existing hardware, using tools such as [[MIT App Inventor]] to return programming to schools, rather than adding new hardware choices.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.i-programmer.info/professional-programmer/i-programmer/3419-raspberry-pi-or-programming.html |title=Raspberry Pi or Programming – What shall we teach the children? |work=I Programmer |date=2 December 2011 |access-date=7 February 2012 |author=Fairhead, Harry}}</ref> Simon Rockman, writing in a ''[[ZDNet]]'' blog, was of the opinion that teens will have "better things to do", despite what happened in the 1980s.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/is-raspberry-pi-a-mid-life-crisis/ |title=Is Raspberry Pi a mid-life crisis? |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |date=21 February 2012 |access-date=24 February 2012 |author=Rockman, Simon |quote=Just because young teens led the way in computing in the 1980s doesn't mean it should, will or can happen again. Those outside the tech age bubble have better things to do.}}</ref>
In October 2012, the Raspberry Pi won T3's Innovation of the Year award,<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi – Innovation of the Year|url=https://awards.t3.com/categories/innovation-of-the-year/raspberry-pi|publisher=T3 Gadget Awards |access-date=9 October 2012}}</ref> and futurist [[Mark Pesce]] cited a (borrowed) Raspberry Pi as the inspiration for his [[ambient device]] project MooresCloud.<ref>{{cite web |title=Showtime |date=5 October 2012 |url=https://blog.moorescloud.com/2012/10/05/showtime/ |website=Crowdfunding the Light |access-date=17 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509051353/https://blog.moorescloud.com/2012/10/05/showtime/ |archive-date=9 May 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In October 2012, the [[British Computer Society]] responded to the announcement of enhanced specifications by stating, "it's definitely something we'll want to sink our teeth into."<ref>{{cite web|title=Latest Raspberry Pi has double the RAM|url=https://www.bcs.org/content/conWebDoc/48492|work=BCS website|publisher=[[British Computer Society|BCS]]|date=16 October 2012|access-date=18 October 2012|archive-date=14 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414004501/http://www.bcs.org/content/conWebDoc/48492|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In June 2017, Raspberry Pi won the [[Royal Academy of Engineering]] [[MacRobert Award]].<ref>[https://ingenia.org.uk/Ingenia/Articles/1107/ "Chips that changed the classroom"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813143640/http://ingenia.org.uk/Ingenia/Articles/1107/ |date=13 August 2018}} Ingenia, September 2017</ref> The citation for the award to the Raspberry Pi said it was "for its inexpensive credit card-sized microcomputers, which are redefining how people engage with computing, inspiring students to learn coding and computer science and providing innovative control solutions for industry."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.raeng.org.uk/news/news-releases/2017/june/the-coding-revolution-marches-on-raspberry-pi-wins/|title=The coding revolution marches on: Raspberry Pi wins UK's top engineering innovation prize|publisher=[[Royal Academy of Engineering]]|access-date=2 March 2022|archive-date=10 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310202955/https://www.raeng.org.uk/news/news-releases/2017/june/the-coding-revolution-marches-on-raspberry-pi-wins|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Clusters of hundreds of Raspberry Pis have been used for testing programs destined for supercomputers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/750-raspberry-pi-boards-supercomputing-testbed/|title=750 Raspberry Pi Boards Used To Create Supercomputer Testbed|date=28 November 2017|website=Digital Trends}}</ref>
=== Community ===
The Raspberry Pi community was described by Jamie Ayre of [[FOSS]] software company [[AdaCore]] as one of the most exciting parts of the project.<ref name="Bridgwater, Adrian 2012" /> Community blogger Russell Davis said that the community strength allows the Foundation to concentrate on documentation and teaching.<ref name="Bridgwater, Adrian 2012" /> The community developed a [[fanzine]] around the platform called ''[[The MagPi]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thedigitallifestyle.com/w/index.php/2012/05/06/the-magpi-raspberry-pi-online-magazine-launched/|title=The MagPi – Raspberry Pi online magazine launched|work=The Digital Lifestyle.com|date=6 May 2012 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> which in 2015, was handed over to Raspberry Pi (Trading) Ltd by its volunteers to be continued in-house.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/all-change-meet-the-new-magpi/|title=All change – meet the new MagPi|work=Raspberry Pi|date=27 February 2015|access-date=15 March 2015|archive-date=12 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312172339/http://www.raspberrypi.org/all-change-meet-the-new-magpi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A series of community ''Raspberry Jam'' events have been held across the UK and around the world.<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Jam|url=https://raspberrypi.org.uk/jam/|work=Raspberry Pi web|access-date=15 March 2015}}{{dead link|date=June 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
=== Education ===
{{As of|January 2012}}, enquiries about the board in the United Kingdom have been received from schools in both the [[state school|state]] and [[Private school (United Kingdom)|private]] sectors, with around five times as much interest from the latter. It is hoped that businesses will sponsor purchases for less advantaged schools.<ref>{{cite news |author=Moorhead, Joanna |date=9 January 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi device will 'reboot computing in schools' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2012/jan/09/raspberry-pi-computer-revolutionise-computing-schools?newsfeed=true |access-date=20 January 2012 |work=The Guardian |___location=London}}</ref> The CEO of [[Premier Farnell]] said that the government of a country in the Middle East has expressed interest in providing a board to every schoolgirl, to enhance her employment prospects.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/mar/05/raspberry-pi-demand |title=Raspberry Pi demand running at '700 per second' |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=5 March 2012 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=Arthur, Charles |___location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Raspberry Pi mini computer sells out after taking 700 orders per second|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/raspberry-pi-mini-computer-sells-out-after-taking-700-orders-per-second/|access-date=9 June 2012|newspaper=Digital Trends}}</ref>
In 2014, the Raspberry Pi Foundation hired a number of its community members including ex-teachers and software developers to launch a set of free learning resources for its website.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/welcome-to-our-new-website/ |title=Welcome to our new website |publisher=[[Raspberry Pi Foundation]] |date=2 April 2014 |access-date=15 March 2015 |author=Upton, Liz |___location=Cambridge |archive-date=7 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407054317/http://www.raspberrypi.org/welcome-to-our-new-website/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> The Foundation also started a teacher training course called Picademy with the aim of helping teachers prepare for teaching the new computing curriculum using the Raspberry Pi in the classroom.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/picademy-free-cpd-for-teachers/ |title=Picademy – free CPD for teachers |publisher=[[Raspberry Pi Foundation]] |date=17 March 2014 |access-date=15 March 2015 |author=Philbin, Carrie Anne |___location=Cambridge}}</ref>
In 2018, [[NASA]] launched the ''JPL Open Source Rover Project'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Open Source Rover V1 - Legacy |url=https://github.com/nasa-jpl/osr-rover-code/releases/tag/v1.0 |last=Junkins |first=Eric |date=2018-12-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025214558/https://github.com/nasa-jpl/osr-rover-code/releases/tag/v1.0 |archive-date=2020-10-25 |access-date=2025-07-02 |website=[[GitHub]]}}</ref> which is a scaled down version of [[Curiosity (rover)|Curiosity rover]] and uses a Raspberry Pi as the control module, to encourage students and hobbyists to get involved in mechanical, software, electronics, and robotics engineering.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/nasa-jpl/open-source-rover|title=nasa-jpl/open-source-rover|website=GitHub|date=3 November 2021}}</ref>
=== Home automation ===
There are a number of developers and applications that are using the Raspberry Pi for [[home automation]]. These programmers are making an effort to modify the Raspberry Pi into a cost-affordable solution in energy monitoring and power consumption. Because of the relatively low cost of the Raspberry Pi, this has become a popular and economical alternative to the more expensive commercial solutions.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}
=== Industrial automation ===
[[File:Raspberry Pi Compute Module v1 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Compute Module 1]]
[[File:Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3+ Development Kit - 50641587998 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Compute Module 3+]]
In June 2014, Polish industrial automation manufacturer TECHBASE released ModBerry, an industrial computer based on the Raspberry Pi Compute Module. The device has a number of interfaces, most notably RS-485/232 serial ports, digital and analogue inputs/outputs, CAN and economical 1-Wire buses, all of which are widely used in the automation industry. The design allows the use of the Compute Module in harsh industrial environments, leading to the conclusion that the Raspberry Pi is no longer limited to home and science projects, but can be widely used as an [[Internet of things|Industrial IoT]] solution and achieve goals of [[Industry 4.0]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://linuxgizmos.com/automation-controller-taps-raspberry-pi-compute-module/ |title=Automation controller taps Raspberry Pi Compute Module|date=25 June 2014|work=LinuxGizmos.com|access-date=10 March 2017}}</ref>
In March 2018, SUSE announced commercial support for SUSE Linux Enterprise on the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B to support a number of undisclosed customers implementing industrial monitoring with the Raspberry Pi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.suse.com/c/small-server-big-companies-new-raspberry-pi-support-sles-arm/|title=A small server for big companies – New Raspberry Pi support in SLES for ARM|first=Jay|last=Kruemcke|date=26 March 2018|website=SUSE Communities|access-date=2 March 2022|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308130341/https://www.suse.com/c/small-server-big-companies-new-raspberry-pi-support-sles-arm/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In January 2021, TECHBASE announced a Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 cluster for [[AI accelerator]], [[routing]] and [[Network File System|file server]] use. The device contains one or more standard Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4s in an industrial [[DIN rail]] housing, with some versions containing one or more [[Tensor Processing Unit|Coral Edge tensor processing units]].<ref>{{cite web|title=ClusBerry 9500-CM4 – A Raspberry Pi CM4 cluster, industrial style|url=https://www.cnx-software.com/2021/01/18/clusberry-9500-cm4-a-raspberry-pi-cm4-cluster-industrial-style/|access-date=27 January 2021|website=www.cnx-software.com|date=18 January 2021}}</ref>
=== Commercial products ===
The Organelle is a portable synthesiser, a sampler, a sequencer, and an effects processor designed and assembled by Critter & Guitari. It incorporates a Raspberry Pi computer module running Linux.<ref>{{cite web |last1=O'Brien |first1=Terrence |title=The Organelle is a music computer that can do almost anything |url=https://www.engadget.com/2019-11-08-critter-and-guitari-organelle-music-computer-review-jack-of-all-trades.html |website=Engadget |date=8 November 2019 |access-date=12 December 2020}}</ref>
OTTO is a digital camera created by Next Thing Co. It incorporates a Raspberry Pi Compute Module. It was successfully crowd-funded in a May 2014 Kickstarter campaign.<ref>{{cite web|title=Meet OTTO – The Hackable GIF Camera|url=https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1598272670/meet-otto-the-hackable-gif-camera|website=Kickstarter|date=6 October 2015 |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref>
Slice is a [[digital media player]] which also uses a Compute Module as its heart. It was crowd-funded in an August 2014 Kickstarter campaign. The software running on Slice is based on [[Kodi (software)|Kodi]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Slice : A media player and more by Five Ninjas|url=https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/fiveninjas/slice-a-media-player-and-more|website=Kickstarter|date=4 December 2015 |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref>
Numerous commercial [[thin client]] computer terminals use the Raspberry Pi.<ref>{{cite web |title=How good is the new Raspberry Pi 4 as a thin client? |date=8 July 2019 |url=https://www.citrix.com/blogs/2019/07/08/how-good-is-the-new-raspberry-pi-4-as-a-thin-client/ |publisher=Citrix Systems |access-date=27 March 2021}}</ref>
=== COVID-19 pandemic ===
During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], demand increased primarily due to the increase in [[remote work]], but also because of the use of many Raspberry Pi Zeros in [[ventilator]]s for [[COVID-19]] patients in countries such as [[Colombia]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/raspberry-pi-ventilators-covid-19-163729140.html|title=Raspberry Pi will power ventilators for COVID-19 patients|website=Engadget|date=13 April 2020 |language=en|access-date=22 April 2020}}</ref> which were used to combat strain on the healthcare system. In March 2020, Raspberry Pi sales reached 640,000 units, the second largest month of sales in the company's history.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.techrepublic.com/article/raspberry-pi-why-sales-have-rocketed-in-the-middle-of-the-coronavirus-outbreak/ |title=Raspberry Pi sales are rocketing in the middle of the coronavirus outbreak: Here's why | first=Owen | last=Hughes | website=[[TechRepublic]] | date=17 April 2020}}</ref>
=== In space ===
A project was launched in December 2014 at an event held by the UK Space Agency. The Astro Pi was an augmented Raspberry Pi that included a sensor hat with a visible light or infrared camera. The Astro Pi competition, called Principia, was officially opened in January and was opened to all primary and secondary school aged children who were residents of the United Kingdom. During his mission, British ESA astronaut [[Tim Peake]] deployed the computers on board the [[International Space Station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/watch-tim-peake-astro-pi-flight-units-in-space/|title=Watch Tim Peake with the Astro Pi flight units in space!|date=7 March 2016|publisher= Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> He loaded the winning code while in orbit, collected the data generated and then sent this to Earth where it was distributed to the winning teams. Covered themes during the competition included spacecraft sensors, satellite imaging, space measurements, data fusion and space radiation.
The organisations involved in the Astro Pi competition include the [[UK Space Agency]], UKspace, Raspberry Pi, ESERO-UK and [[ESA]].
In 2017, the European Space Agency ran another competition open to all students in the European Union called Proxima. The winning programs were run on the ISS by Thomas Pesquet, a French astronaut.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://astro-pi.org/proxima/|title=Proxima – AstroPi!|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=1 March 2020|archive-date=1 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301013938/https://astro-pi.org/proxima/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In December 2021, the Dragon 2 spacecraft launched by NASA had a pair of Astro Pi in it.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Xavier|first=John|date=3 January 2022|title=Bridging the learning gap with a Pi|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/bridging-the-learning-gap-with-a-pi/article38097063.ece|access-date=6 January 2022|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
== See also ==
{{Portal|
* [[Arduino]]
* [[Micro Bit|BBC micro:bit]]
* [[Calliope mini]]
* [[Plug computer]]
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="A-Announcement">{{cite web| url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/model-a-now-for-sale-in-europe-buy-one-today/ |title=Model A now for sale in Europe – buy one today! |date=4 February 2013 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=25 February 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="A-Plus-Announcement">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/#raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-on-sale |title=RASPBERRY PI MODEL A+ ON SALE NOW AT $20 |date=10 November 2014 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=10 November 2014 |archive-date=10 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110233834/https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/#raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-on-sale/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="B-Plus-Announcement">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-raspberry-pi-model-b-plus/ |title=Introducing Raspberry Pi Model B+ |date=14 July 2014 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=14 July 2014 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714173900/http://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-raspberry-pi-model-b-plus/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="2-B-Announcement">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-2-on-sale/|title=Raspberry Pi 2 on sale now at $35|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|date=2 February 2015|first=Eben|last=Upton|access-date=5 August 2015}}</ref>
<ref name="Lawler 2012">Richard Lawler, 29 February 2012, [https://www.engadget.com/2012/02/29/raspberry-pi-credit-card-sized-linux-pcs-are-on-sale-now-25-mo/ Raspberry Pi credit-card sized Linux PCs are on sale now, $25 Model A gets a RAM bump], ''Engadget''</ref>
<ref name="Companies House">{{Cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Ltd |url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/08207441 |access-date=18 June 2024 |website=Companies House}}</ref>
<ref name="Ars Technica 2012">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2012 |title=Raspberry Pi maker says code for ARM chip is now open source |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/10/all-code-on-raspberry-pis-arm-chip-now-open-source/ |access-date=3 November 2012 |website=Ars Technica}}</ref>
<ref name="Upton 2016">{{cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=29 February 2016 |title=Raspberry Pi 3 on sale now at $35 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-on-sale/ |access-date=29 February 2016 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
<ref name="Upton 2021">{{Cite web|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=28 October 2021|title=New product: Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W on sale now at $15|publisher=Raspberry Pi Trading|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-2/|access-date=2 December 2021|quote=Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W uses the same Broadcom BCM2710A1 SoC die as the launch version of Raspberry Pi 3}}</ref>
<ref name="Upton 2023">{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=28 September 2023 |title=Introducing: Raspberry Pi 5! |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/introducing-raspberry-pi-5/ |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
<ref name="Upton 2020">{{Cite news|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=28 May 2020|title=8GB Raspberry Pi 4 on sale now at $75|work=Raspberry Pi Blog|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/8gb-raspberry-pi-4-on-sale-now-at-75/|access-date=28 May 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Bridgwater, Adrian 2012">{{cite news |author=Bridgwater, Adrian |date=15 March 2012 |title=Community strength blossoms for Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.computerweekly.com/blogs/open-source-insider/2012/03/community-strength-blossoms-for-raspberry-pi.html |access-date=15 March 2012 |work=[[Computer Weekly]]}}</ref>
<ref name="Dillet 2024">{{cite web |last=Dillet |first=Romain |date=9 December 2024 |title=It's a Raspberry Pi 5 in a keyboard, and it's called the Raspberry Pi 500 |url=https://techcrunch.com/2024/12/09/its-a-raspberry-pi-5-in-a-keyboard-and-its-called-the-raspberry-pi-500/ |access-date=9 December 2024 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref>
<ref name="Cooban 2024">{{Cite web |last=Cooban |first=Anna |date=11 June 2024 |title=Why investors are going gaga over a tiny, $35 computer |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/06/11/tech/raspberry-pi-ipo-london-stock-exchange/index.html |access-date=9 March 2025 |website=CNN Business |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Adams 2021">{{Cite web |last=Adams |first=James |date=21 January 2021 |title=Meet Raspberry Silicon: Raspberry Pi Pico now on sale at $4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-silicon-pico-now-on-sale/}}</ref>
<ref name="Upton 2024">{{cite press release |last1=Upton |first1=Eben |title=Raspberry Pi Pico 2, our new $5 microcontroller board, on sale now |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-pico-2-our-new-5-microcontroller-board-on-sale-now/ |website=Raspberry Pi |access-date=8 August 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="CM hardware">{{Cite web |title=Compute Module hardware |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/compute-module.html |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=Raspberry Pi Documentation}}</ref>
<ref name="Watson 2021">{{Cite news |last=Watson |first=J.A. |date=4 January 2021 |title=Booting my Raspberry Pi 4 from a USB device |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/booting-my-raspberry-pi-4-from-a-usb-device/ |access-date=2025-06-16 |work=[[ZDNET]] |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Pounder 2024">{{Cite news |last=Pounder |first=Les |date=2024-10-23 |title=Raspberry Pi announce branded range of NVMe SSDs and SSD kit |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-announce-branded-range-of-nvme-ssds-and-ssd-kit |access-date=2025-06-16 |work=[[Tom's Hardware]] |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="composite video out">{{Cite magazine |date=December 2015 |title=Interview |url=https://magazine.raspberrypi.com/downloads/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTM3NCwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--019e2f11232d2aaf6a9cca6954384fde9acbdd57/MagPi40.pdf |magazine=[[The MagPi]] |pages=15-16 |quote=WHAT IS THE RCA VIDEO OUT CONNECTOR FOR?" "The final product has the composite signal brought out to a 0.1-inch pad, so if you want to solder an RCA cable onto it, you can. We're psyched about the idea of people being able to take it and solder it inside an old television – you know, get an old television and crack it open. Turn your television into a computer. We think that's really good for developing world applications." / "You'll need a mobile phone charger, or one of the official Raspberry Pi power supplies}}</ref>
<ref name="pi4-specs">{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 4 Product Brief |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/specifications/ |access-date=11 June 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
<ref name="OS">{{Cite web |last=Bret |date=2025-05-24 |title=Raspberry Pi 5 Operating Systems: Complete Guide to All OS Options |url=https://bret.dk/raspberry-pi-5-operating-systems/ |access-date=2025-06-16 |website=bret.dk |language=en-GB}}</ref>
<ref name="Accessories Documentation">{{Cite web |title=Accessories |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/accessories |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=Raspberry Pi Documentation}}</ref>
}}
== Further reading ==
* ''Raspberry Pi For Dummies''; Sean McManus and Mike Cook; 2013; {{ISBN|978-1118554210}}.
* ''Getting Started with Raspberry Pi''; Matt Richardson and Shawn Wallace; 2013; {{ISBN|978-1449344214}}.
* ''Raspberry Pi User Guide''; Eben Upton and Gareth Halfacree; 2014; {{ISBN|978-1118921661}}.
* ''Hello Raspberry Pi!''; Ryan Heitz; 2016; {{ISBN|978-1617292453}}.
* ''The Official Raspberry Pi Beginner's Guide''; Gareth Halfacree; 2023; {{ISBN|978-1912047260}}.
== External links ==
{{Prone to spam|date=October 2012}}
Wikipedia is not a collection of links and should not be used for advertising.
If there are already suitable links, propose additions or replacements on
the article's talk page, or submit your link to the relevant category at
the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) and link there
-->
{{Commons category
{{Wikibooks|Wikijunior:Raspberry Pi}}
* {{Official website}}
* [https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/projects/raspberrypi/ Raspberry Pi, Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge]
* [
* [https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/ ''The MagPi Magazine'']
* [https://www.panu.it/raspberry/ "Raspberry Pi pinout"]{{snd}} board GPIO pinout
* [https://raspmap.everpi.net/ "Raspberry Pi component map"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607084123/https://raspmap.everpi.net/ |date=7 June 2019 }}
* [https://elinux.org/RaspberryPi_Boards "RaspberryPi Boards: Hardware versions/revisions"]
* [https://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0301h/DDI0301H_arm1176jzfs_r0p7_trm.pdf ''ARM1176JZF-S (ARM11 CPU Core) Technical Reference Manual''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619185015/http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0301h/DDI0301H_arm1176jzfs_r0p7_trm.pdf |date=19 June 2020 }}, ARM Ltd.
{{Single-board computer}}
{{Linux devices}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:
[[Category:
[[Category:Computers designed in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:British inventions]]
[[Category:Computer science education in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Educational hardware]]
[[Category:Linux-based devices]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 2012]]
| |||