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Riga 1:
<!----Am-francoSilvia Rovere---->
{{Bio
|Nome = Silvia Maria
|Cognome = Rovere
|Sesso = F
|LuogoNascita = Caraglio
|GiornoMeseNascita = 26 luglio
|AnnoNascita = 1971
|LuogoMorte =
|GiornoMeseMorte =
|AnnoMorte =
|Epoca =
|Attività = dirigente d'azienda
|Attività2 = dirigente pubblico
|Nazionalità = italiana
|PostNazionalità =
|FineIncipit = è una [[dirigente pubblica]] e [[dirigente d'azienda|privata]] [[italia]]na
|Immagine =
}}
 
Da aprile [[2023]] è [[presidente]] del gruppo [[Poste italiane|Poste Italiane S.p.A.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://forbes.it/2023/04/13/da-morgan-stanley-sgr-a-presidente-di-poste-italiane-chi-e-silvia-rovere-la-primogenita-che-non-si-e-mai-posta-limiti|titolo=Da Morgan Stanley Sgr a presidente di Poste Italiane: chi è Silvia Rovere, la "primogenita che non si è mai posta limiti"|autore=Matteo Chiamenti|sito=forbes.it|data=13 aprile 2023|accesso=13 aprile 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cita news|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/economia/2023/04/12/silvia-rovere-dai-fondi-immobiliari-alle-poste_18ec2e9f-dae1-4cce-bbbb-e66de35ce7a7.html|titolo=Silvia Rovere, dai fondi immobiliari alle Poste|editore=[[ANSA]]|data=12 aprile 2023|accesso=17 aprile 2023}}</ref>
<!---{{Tradotto da|en|AM-Franc|9 febbraio 2013|537452456}}------------->
 
==Formazione==
Si è laureata in economia con lode presso l'[[Università degli Studi di Torino]].
 
==Carriera==
Ha iniziato la sua carriera nel [[1997]] come analista finanziario da So.Fi.Pa., dedicandosi successivamente soprattutto al settore della finanza immobiliare.
 
Dal [[2003]] al [[2005]] ha ricoperto la carica di [[Direttore finanziario|CFO]] in [[Patrimonio dello Stato]], società controllata dal [[Ministero dell'economia e delle finanze|MEF]] destinata a gestire e valorizzare il patrimonio pubblico.
 
Succssivamente è stata head of business development del gruppo [[Aedes (azienda)|Aedes]] a [[Londra]], nonché [[direttore generale]] di Ream SGR (dal [[2009] al [[2013]]) e [[amministratore delegato]] di Morgan Stanley SGR dal [[2014]] al [[2020]].
 
Dal giugno [[2017]] è presidente di [[Confindustria]] Assoimmobiliare; è inoltre fellow member di [[Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors|Rics]], membro del comitato esecutivo di [[Urban Land Institute|ULI]] Italia e del comitato direttivo di Fondazione Res Pubblica.
 
Nel [[2020]] ha fondato Sensible Capital Srl, di cui è attualmente [[CEO]], realtà che fornisce servizi di consulenza per investimenti in asset illiquidi, con uno specifico focus [[Environmental, Social and corporate Governance|ESG]].
 
==Vita privata==
Ha due figlie ed è sposata con [[Andrea Munari]], presidente di [[Banca Nazionale del Lavoro|BNL]], banca del gruppo [[BNP Paribas]].
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<!----Real brasiliano (1790)---->
 
<!---{{Tradotto da|pt|Réis|17 marzo 2014|38428970}}------------->
<!---{{Tradotto da|en|Brazilian real (old)|14 gennaio 2014|590713870}}------------->
 
{{F|numismatica|febbraio 2013}}
{{Valuta
|tipo = 2
|nomelocale =Billet drapeaureal <small>{{pt icon}}</small> (pl. réis)
|imm1 =
|imm1=Billet drapeau de 5 francs recto.jpg
|imm2 =
|imm2=Billet drapeau de 5 francs verso.jpg
|desc1 =
|desc1=Biglietto da 5 franchi - fronte (1944)
|desc2 =
|desc2=Biglietto da 5 franchi - retro (1944)
|codiceISO = n.d.
|paesi = [[File:Flag Portugal sea (1500).svg|20px|border|bandiera]] [[Impero portoghese#Americhe|Vice-reame del Brasile]]<br>[[File:Flag Kingdom of Brazil.svg|20px|border|bandiera]] [[Regno Unito di Portogallo, Brasile e Algarve|Regno del Brasile]]<br>{{BRA 1870-1889}}<br>{{BRA 1889}}<br>{{BRA 1889-1960}}
|paesi={{FRA}} occupata dagli [[Alleati della seconda guerra mondiale|alleati]]
|simbolo = Rs[[Cifrão|$]]
|frazioni=
|monete = 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, 300, 400, 1&nbsp;000, 2&nbsp;000 Rs$
|monete=
|banconote = 500, 1&nbsp;000, 2&nbsp;000, 5&nbsp;000, 10&nbsp;000, 20&nbsp;000, 50&nbsp;000, 100&nbsp;000, 200&nbsp;000, 500&nbsp;000, 1&nbsp;000&nbsp;000 Rs$
|banconote=
|emittente = n.d.
|emittente=[[Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories|Amministrazione militare alleata dei territori occupati]]
|emittente_website =
|iniz_circ = 1790
|fine_circ = 31 ottobre 1942
|sost_da = Cruzeiro brasiliano (1942)
|data_sost = 1º novembre 1942
|datacambio = 1º novembre 1942
|cambio = 1&nbsp;000 real = 1 cruzeiro
|agganciata =
|nota = Stampa e conio: Perkins, Bacon & Petch
|nota=
}}
[[Image:Campos Sales na nota de 10 mil réis de 1925.jpg|thumb|250px|Treasury note da 10 mil réis (1925)]]
<!-------------------The '''"ticket flag" franc''' ({{lang-fr|Billet drapeau}}) was a [[currency]] issued by the [[United States]] for use in [[Allies of World War II|Allied]]-occupied [[France]] in the wake of the [[Operation Overlord|Battle of Normandy]]. With the swift take-over of [[sovereignty]] by General [[Charles de Gaulle]], who considered the US occupation franc as “[[counterfeit]] money”, the currency rapidly faded out of use in favour of the pre-war [[French franc]].
[[Image:Brazil_500_Mil_Reis_Banknote_of_1931.jpg|thumb|250px|Treasury note da 500 mil réis (1931)]]
Il '''real''' è stato la prima [[valuta]] ufficiale del [[Brasile]], tra il [[1790]] e il [[1942]]. Il suo simbolo era Rs[[Cifrão|$]].
 
<!------------------The name '''real''' was resurrected in 1994 for a [[Brazilian real|new currency unit]], which is still in use. One modern real is equivalent to 2.75 × 10<sup>18</sup> (2.75 [[quintillion]]) of the old ''réis''.---->
 
Il nome della valuta viene dalla parola [[Lingua portoghese|portoghese]] ''real'' <!----(in the sense of "royal") ---->e fu mutuato da una [[Real portoghese|valuta portoghese]] precedentemente utilizzata in Brasile.
 
<!----------The [[dollar sign|dollar-like sign]] in the currency's symbol (and in the symbols of all other Brazilian currencies), called ''[[cifrão]]'' in Portuguese, was always written with two vertical strokes (<math>\mathrm{S}\!\!\!\Vert</math>) rather than one.----------->
 
== Storia ==
Il ''[[real portoghese]]'' è stata la valuta utilizzata dai primi [[Impero portoghese|coloni portoghesi]] arrivati in [[America]], ma la prima moneta ufficiale a circolare con il nome "real" è stata in realtà stampata nel 1654 dagli [[Paesi Bassi|olandesi]], durante la loro occupazione di una parte del [[Regione Nordest del Brasile|nordest brasiliano]].
 
Il real divenne la valuta ufficiale del Brasile nel 1790, quando ancora era una colonia portoghese. <!----------It was retained when Brazil became independent in 1822. It was not sub-divided in smaller units, even though it was affected by significant [[inflation]] during its long lifespan. The practical currency unit shifted from the real to the ''mil réis'' ("one thousand réis") and then to the ''conto de réis'' (one million réis, literally "one count of réis") in the final years of the [[República Velha]] era.
 
Amounts under 1,000 réis were typically written prefixed by "Rs", as in "Rs 350". In amounts of 1,000 réis and over, the "Rs" remained as the prefix, but the ''cifrão'' "<math>\mathrm{S}\!\!\!\Vert</math>, a doubly stroked dollar sign, was inserted just after the thousands digit — as in "Rs 1$712" for 1,712 réis. For amounts of one million reais and over, a colon ":" was also inserted just after the millions digit, as in "Rs 1:020$800" for 1,020,800 réis.--------->
 
Nel XVIII secolo e all'inizio del XIX, <!------------the gold currency was based on the 22 [[carat (purity)|carat]] gold piece which weighed ½ ounce (14.34 [[gram]]s). The standard for the silver currency varied during this period, with the 640 real coin fixed at {{frac|5|8}} onça (17.92&nbsp;grams) of .917 silver in 1806. In 1834, the ''peça'' was revalued at 10$000 réis and the silver 1$200 real coin was set at 415 grains (26.89&nbsp;grams) of .917 silver. In 1846, a [[gold standard]] was established with the ''mil réis'' set at 822.076&nbsp;mg gold, a 37.5% debasement from the previous standard.---------->
 
Dopo la costituzione della Repubblica nel 1889, il valore della valuta crollò, <!-------------with a peg of 180&nbsp;mg of gold for the one thousand réis set in 1926. This was abandoned in 1933 when the mil réis was pegged to the [[U.S. dollar]] at a rate of 12$500 réis = 1 dollar. A further devaluation occurred in 1939, when it was pegged to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 22$500 réis = 1 USD. In 1942, the real was replaced by the [[Cruzeiro brasiliano (1942)|cruzeiro]], at a rate of 1$000 réis = 1 cruzeiro.
 
=== Monete ===
In the 1750s, copper coins were in circulation in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 40 réis, silver coins for 75, 150, 300 and 600 réis, and gold coins for 1000, 2000, 4000 and 6400 réis. The silver coinage was reformed in 1778, with the introduction of 80, 160, 320 and 640 real coins. Between 1780 and 1782, gold 800, 1600 and 3200 réis were added. In 1809, older copper and silver coins were counterstamped with the [[coat of arms of Portugal|Portuguese arms]], doubling the value of 5, 10, 20 and 40 real pieces and increasing the value of 75, 150, 300 and 600 real coins to 80, 160, 320 and 640 réis. From 1810, Spanish 8 [[Spanish real|real]] coins ("[[Spanish dollar]]s") were overstruck to produce 960 real coins. Copper 80 réis ----------->furono introdotte nel 1811.
 
Tra il 1823 e il 1833 <!----------the copper coinage of Brazil varied across the country, with denominations of 10, 20, 37½, 40, 75 and 80 réis being produced. Silver coins continued in denominations of 80, 160, 320, 640 and 960 réis, along with gold 4000 and 6400 réis.---->
 
Tra il 1833 e il 1835 ci fu una riforma della monetazione. Le monete in rame furono standardizzate <!-----------across the country, with the introduction of countermarked coins for 10, 20 and 40 réis. Silver coins were introduced in denominations of 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 réis, along with gold 10,000 réis.--------------->
 
Un'ulteriore riforma tra il 1848 e il 1854 ridusse il contenuto di argento e oro delle monete, con nuove monete da 200, 500, 1&nbsp;000 e 2&nbsp;000 real in argento, e da 5&nbsp;000, 10&nbsp;000 e 20&nbsp;000 real in oro. <!--------------Bronze 10 and 20 réis were introduced in 1868, followed by cupro-nickel 100 and 200 réis in 1871, bronze 40 réis in 1873 and cupro-nickel 50 réis in 1886. The 10 réis was discontinued in 1870.--------->
 
Nel 1901 fu introdotto il conio da 400 réis in [[cupronichel]], seguito da quello da 20 réis in cupronichel nel 1918. <!---------------Aluminium-bronze 500 and 1000 réis were introduced in 1922, followed by cupro-nickel 200 réis, aluminium-bronze 2000 réis and silver 5000 réis in 1936.------------>
 
=== Banconote ===
Le prime banconote brasiliane furono emesse tra il 1770 e il 1793 dalla ''Administração Geral dos Diamantes'' (Amministrazione Generale dei Diamanti) per pagare i cercatori di diamanti. <!----------------------------Various denominations were issued with the value written on at the time of issue. They circulated at face value and were convertible into coins. Notes were issued by various provinces between 1808 and 1857, in denominations of 37½, 75, 150, 300, 450, 500, 600, 10,000, 25,000, 50,000 and 100,000 réis.
 
The first ''Banco do Brazil'' was founded in 1808 and began issuing notes in 1810, in denominations of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 20, 300 and 400 mil réis, with 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 20 mil réis added in 1813 and 1 and 2 mil réis in 1828. This bank closed in 1829.
 
In 1833, the government issued copper exchange notes in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 mil réis. These were followed, in 1835, by Treasury notes in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mil réis. 500 mil réis notes were added in 1874, with 1000 mil réis introduced in 1921. Treasury notes continued to be produced throughout the remaining period the real circulated and the final issues were overstamped to produce the first cruzeiro notes.
 
Between 1850 and 1893, a number of private banks issued paper money in denominations between 10 and 500 mil réis. They included a later Banco do Brazil (1853–1890), the ''Banco do Maranhão'' (1857–1885) and the ''Banco da República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil'' (1890–1892).
First Series-Supplemental French Franc Currency
Second Series-Provisional French Franc Currency--------->
 
Regional governments issued paper money between 1892 and 1897. Denominations included 100, 200 and 500 réis and 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mil réis, with issues from [[Alagoas]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]], [[Maranhão]], [[Pernambuco]], [[Rio Grande do Norte]] and [[Sergipe]].
==Monete==
<!----------Sólo se acuñaron monedas de 2 francos en el año 1944 en [[Latón]].
 
Between 1906 and 1910, the ''Caixa de Conversão'' issued notes in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mil réis (1 conto de réis). In 1905, another Banco do Brazil was founded, which issued paper money between 1923 and 1942 in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mil réis. From 1923, the name of the bank was altered to ''Banco do Bra'''s'''il''. In 1926, the ''Caixa de Estabilização'' issued gold notes in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mil réis.
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="text-align:center;
! Denominación
! Emisión
! Material<ref>[http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine.php?image=img9/69-905&desc=France%20km905%202%20Francs%20%281944%29%20Allied%20Occupation%20Issue&query=France%20km%20905 Moneda]</ref>
! Forma
|-
| '''2 Francos'''
| 1944
| align="center" bgcolor="#FFCC00" | [[Latón]]
| Circular
|}---------------->
 
Regional governments again issued paper money between 1924 and 1942. Denominations included 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mil réis, with issues from [[Minas Gerais]], [[Rio Grande do Sul]] and [[São Paulo]]. The last "réis" banknotes were replaced by [[Brazilian cruzeiro|cruzeiro]] banknotes and withdrawn in 1955.
==Banconote==
<!---------Se han emitido billetes de 2, 5, 10, 50 y 100 francos durante 1944.<ref>[http://www.banque-france.fr/fr/instit/billets/bilfranc/pdf/note128.pdf Billetes]</ref><ref>[http://www.rall.com/longarticle_011.htm Billetes 2]</ref> --------------->
 
{{commons category|Money of Brazil|Real}}
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
---------->
!colspan="12"| Supplemental Allied Military Currency (Prima serie)
|-
! colspan="2" | Immagine !! rowspan="2" | Valore !! rowspan="2" | Dimensioni !! rowspan="2" | Colore principale !! colspan="3" | Descrizione !! colspan="3" | Data di !! rowspan="2" | Note
|-
! Fronte !! Retro !! Fronte !! Retro !! Filigrana !! stampa !! emissione !! ritiro
|-
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 2 francs recto.jpg|80px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 2 francs verso.jpg|80px]]
| 2 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 5 francs recto.jpg|80px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 5 francs verso.jpg|80px]]
| 5 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 10 francs recto.jpg|80px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 10 francs verso.jpg|80px]]
| 10 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:AMC france 50 franc-1.jpg|160px]]
| 50 franchi
|
|
|
|
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|-
| colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:AMC france 100 franc-1.jpg|160px]]
| 100 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:AMC france 500 franc-1.jpg|160px]]
| 500 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!colspan="12"| Provisional Allied Military Currency (Seconda serie)
|-
| colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:AMC france 50 franc-2.jpg|160px]]
| 50 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 100 francs recto.jpg|80px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:Billet drapeau de 100 francs verso.jpg|80px]]
| 100 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:AMC france 1000 franc-2.jpg|160px]]
| 1&nbsp;000 franchi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|}
 
== Voci correlate ==
==Note==
* [[Real portoghese]]
<references/>
* [[Economia del Brasile]]
 
==Altri progettiNote ==
<references />
{{interprogetto|commons=Category:Franc of the Allied occupation Zone „Billet drapeau“ (1944-1948)}}
 
== Collegamenti esterni ==
* [http://www.tonon.altervista.org/mondo/brasile.htm Immagini delle monete brasiliane]
* {{cita web|url=http://www.rall.com/longarticle_011.htm|lingua=en|titolo=Dubious Liberators: Allied Plans to Occupy France, 1942-1944|autore=Ted Rall|anno=1991|accesso=24 febbraio 2013}}
* [http://descubracastelo.com.br/cedulas-do-brasil/ Immagini delle banconote brasiliane]
<!----------------------------* [http://monedas.awardspace.com/en/ver_pais.php?p=3 Coins of Brazil with Pictures]
* [http://colnect.com/en/banknotes/list/country/3981/ Images of historic and modern Brazilian bank notes]---------------------->
 
{{Valute storiche del Brasile}}
{{franco}}
<nowiki>{{Simboli di valuta}}</nowiki>
 
{{Portale|Brasile|numismatica}}
[[Categoria:Franco]]
<!--
[[Categoria:Valute del Brasile]] -->
 
<!---www.wikidata.org [[NOME VOCE IN INGLESE]]---->
<!-----------[[en:AM-Franc]]
[[es:Franco de ocupación franco-estadounidense]]
[[fr:Billet drapeau]]
[[ru:Военный франк]]
----------->