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{{short description|Video game franchise}}
{{About|the video game series|the act of tomb raiding|Grave robbery}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox video game series
| title = Tomb Raider
| image = Tomb Raider Logo 2022.png
| caption = The ''Tomb Raider'' logo from 2022 onwards
| developer = {{plainlist|
* [[Core Design]] (1994–2006)<!-- First work on original title through to the cancellation of TR 10th Anniversary in 2006.-->
* [[Aspyr]] (1998–2003, 2022–2025)<!-- Mac ports for the classic series, Work on remasters-->
* [[Crystal Dynamics]] (2003–2017, 2021–present)<!-- Start of development cycle on TRL through to RotTR 20th Anniversary VR updates in 2017. Resumption in 2021-->
* [[Eidos-Montréal]] (2015–2019)<!-- Full development cycle of SotTR, which began in 2015 and went through to 2019 for DLCs.-->
* [[Square Enix Montréal]] (2015–2016)<!-- Lara Croft Go and the later ports on PS4 & Vita.-->
}}
| publisher = {{plainlist|
* [[Eidos Interactive]] (1996–2009)
* [[Square Enix]] (2010–2021)<!--Extends to 2021 to cover Definitive Survivor Trilogy bundle-->
* [[Microsoft Studios]] (2015–2016)
* Aspyr (2024–2025)
* [[Amazon Games]] (TBA)
}}
| genre = [[Action-adventure game|Action-adventure]]
| platforms = {{collapsible list|title=Various|titlestyle=font-weight:normal;font-size:12px;background:transparent;text-align:left||[[Android (operating system)|Android]]|[[Arcade game|Arcade]]|[[Dreamcast]]|[[Evercade]]|[[Game Boy Color]]|[[Game Boy Advance]]|[[GameCube]]|[[iOS]]|[[Linux]]|[[macOS]]| [[Microsoft Windows]]|[[Mobile game|Mobile phone]]|[[J2ME]]|[[MS-DOS]]|[[N-Gage (device)|N-Gage]]|[[N-Gage (service)|N-Gage 2.0]]|[[Nintendo DS]]|[[Nintendo Switch]] | [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]]|[[PlayStation 2]]|[[PlayStation 3]]|[[PlayStation 4]]|[[PlayStation 5]] |[[PlayStation Portable]]|[[Sega Saturn]]|[[Google Stadia|Stadia]]|[[Wii]]|[[Windows Mobile]]|[[Xbox (console)|Xbox]]|[[Xbox 360]]|[[Xbox One]]|[[Xbox Series S]]|[[Xbox Series X]]}}
| first release version = ''[[Tomb Raider (1996 video game)|Tomb Raider]]''
| first release date = 25 October 1996
| latest release version = ''[[Tomb Raider IV–VI Remastered]]''
| latest release date = 14 February 2025
}}
'''''Tomb Raider''''', known as '''''Lara Croft: Tomb Raider''''' from 2001 to 2008, is a [[media franchise]] that originated with an [[Action-adventure game|action-adventure]] video game series created by British video game developer [[Core Design]]. The franchise is currently owned by [[CDE Entertainment]]; it was formerly owned by [[Eidos Interactive]], then by [[Square Enix]] Europe after Square Enix's acquisition of Eidos in 2009 until [[Embracer Group]] purchased the intellectual property alongside Eidos in 2022. The franchise focuses on the fictional British archaeologist [[Lara Croft]], who travels around the world searching for lost artefacts and infiltrating dangerous tombs and ruins. Gameplay generally focuses on exploration, solving puzzles, navigating hostile environments filled with traps, and fighting enemies. Additional media has been developed for the franchise in the form of [[Lara Croft: Tomb Raider|film adaptation]]s, [[comic]]s and [[novel]]s.
Development of the first [[Tomb Raider (1996 video game)|''Tomb Raider'']] video game began in 1994; it was released two years later. Its critical and commercial success prompted Core Design to develop a new game annually for the next four years, which put a strain on staff. The sixth game, ''[[Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness]]'', faced difficulties during development and was considered a failure at release. This prompted Eidos to switch development duties to [[Crystal Dynamics]], which has been the series' primary developer since. Other developers have contributed to spin-off titles and [[porting|ports]] of mainline entries.
The ''Tomb Raider'' series had sold over 100 million units worldwide by 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2024 |title=Tomb Raider IV-VI Remastered Reveal, 100 Million Games Sold & More! |url=https://www.tombraider.com/news/video-games/tomb-raider-iv-vi-remastered-reveal-100-million-games-sold-and-more |access-date=11 October 2024 |website=Tomb Raider}}</ref> while the entire franchise generated close to $1.2 billion in revenue by 2002.<ref>{{cite web|first=Alex|last=Pham|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/88925532/the-los-angeles-times/|title=Deal Seals Star's Power|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|page=22|date=20 May 2002|accessdate=31 January 2023|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> The series has received generally positive reviews from critics, and Lara Croft became one of the most recognisable video game characters, winning accolades and earning places on the [[Walk of Game]] and ''[[Guinness World Records]]''.
==Titles==
[[
{{VG timeline
| compressempty = yes
| 1996 = '''''[[Tomb Raider (1996 video game)|Tomb Raider]]'''''
| 1997 = '''''[[Tomb Raider II]]'''''
| 1998 = '''''[[Tomb Raider III]]'''''
| 1999 = '''''[[Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation]]'''''
| 2000a = ''[[Tomb Raider (Game Boy Color video game)|Tomb Raider]]''
| 2000b = '''''[[Tomb Raider: Chronicles]]'''''
| 2001 = ''[[Tomb Raider: Curse of the Sword]]''
| 2002 = ''[[Tomb Raider: The Prophecy]]''
| 2003 = '''''[[Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness]]'''''
| 2006 = '''''[[Tomb Raider: Legend]]'''''
| 2007 = '''''[[Tomb Raider: Anniversary]]'''''
| 2008 = '''''[[Tomb Raider: Underworld]]'''''
| 2010 = ''[[Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light]]''
| 2013 = '''''[[Tomb Raider (2013 video game)|Tomb Raider]]'''''
| 2014 = ''[[Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris]]''
| 2015a = ''[[Lara Croft: Relic Run]]''
| 2015b = ''[[Lara Croft Go]]''
| 2015c = '''''[[Rise of the Tomb Raider]]'''''
| 2018 = '''''[[Shadow of the Tomb Raider]]'''''
| 2023 = ''[[Tomb Raider Reloaded]]''
| 2023b = ''[[The Lara Croft Collection]]''
| 2024 = ''[[Tomb Raider I–III Remastered]]''
| 2025 = ''[[Tomb Raider IV–VI Remastered]]''
}}
{{Further|List of Tomb Raider media}}
The first six ''Tomb Raider'' games were developed by Core Design, a British video game development company owned by [[Eidos Interactive]]. After the sixth game in the series was released to a mixed reception in 2003, development was transferred to American studio [[Crystal Dynamics]], who have handled the main series since.<ref name="IGNretro"/> Since 2001, other developers have contributed either to ports of mainline games or with the development of spin-off titles.<ref name="IGNretro"/><ref name="Nixxes1"/><ref name="Nixxes2"/><ref name="EidosTR"/><ref name="GamaCompanies"/><ref name="TRLds"/>
===Main series===
==== Original series ====
''[[Tomb Raider (1996 video game)|Tomb Raider]]'', the first entry in the series, was released in 1996 for [[personal computer]]s (PC), [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]] and [[Sega Saturn]] consoles.<ref name="TRLguideGames" /><ref name="GTretroA" /> The Saturn and PlayStation versions were released in Japan in 1997.<ref name="TRfamSS" /><ref name="TRfamPS" /> Its sequel, ''[[Tomb Raider II]]'', launched in 1997, again for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation. A month before release, Eidos finalised a deal with Sony Computer Entertainment to keep the console version of ''Tomb Raider II'' and future games exclusive to PlayStation until the year 2000.<ref name="TRLguideGames" /><ref name="GTretroA" /> The PlayStation version was released in Japan in 1998.<ref name="TR2famPS" /> ''[[Tomb Raider III]]'' launched in 1998.<ref name="GTretroA" /> As with ''Tomb Raider II'', the PlayStation version released in Japan the following year.<ref name="-TR3famPS" />
The fourth consecutive title in the series, ''[[Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation]]'', released in 1999. In 2000, with the end of the PlayStation exclusivity deal, the game also released on the [[Dreamcast]].<ref name="TRLguideGames" /><ref name="GTretroB" /> In Japan, both console versions released the following year.<ref name="TR4famPS" /><ref name="TR4famDC" /> ''[[Tomb Raider: Chronicles]]'' released in 2000 on the same platforms as ''The Last Revelation'', with the PlayStation version's Japanese release as before coming the following year.<ref name="TRLguideGames" /><ref name="GTretroB" /><ref name="TR5famPS" /> After a three-year gap, ''[[Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness]]'' was released on Microsoft Windows and [[PlayStation 2]] (PS2) in 2003. The PlayStation 2 version was released in Japan that same year.<ref name="GTretroB" /><ref name="TR6famPS2" />
==== ''Legend'' trilogy ====
The next entry, ''[[Tomb Raider: Legend]]'', was released worldwide in 2006 for the Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, [[Xbox (console)|Xbox]], [[Xbox 360]], [[PlayStation Portable]] (PSP), [[GameCube]], [[Game Boy Advance]] (GBA) and [[Nintendo DS]].<ref name="TRLds" /><ref name="GDMpostmortem" /><ref name="TRLgba" /> The Xbox 360, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable versions were released in Japan the same year.<ref name="TRjapan" /> A year later, a remake of the first game titled ''[[Tomb Raider: Anniversary]]'' was released worldwide in 2007 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, Xbox 360 and the [[Wii]].<ref name="TRArelease" /> The next entry, ''[[Tomb Raider: Underworld]]'', was released in 2008 on Microsoft Windows, [[PlayStation 3]] (PS3), PlayStation 2, Xbox 360, Wii and DS.<ref name="TRUeuro" /><ref name="TRUign" /><ref name="TRUninDS" /> The PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2, Xbox 360 and Wii versions were released in Japan in 2009.<ref name="TR8famPS3" /><ref name="TR8famWii" /><ref name="TR8famPS2" /><ref name="TR8fam360" />
In 2011, ''[[List of Tomb Raider media#The Tomb Raider Trilogy|The Tomb Raider Trilogy]]'' was released for PlayStation 3 as a compilation release that included ''Anniversary'' and ''Legend'' remastered in HD resolution, along with the PlayStation 3 version of ''Underworld''. The disc includes avatars for PlayStation Home, a Theme Pack, new Trophies, Developer's Diary videos for the three games, and trailers for ''[[Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light]]'' as bonus content.
==== ''Survivor'' trilogy ====
A reboot of the series, titled ''[[Tomb Raider (2013 video game)|Tomb Raider]]'', was released worldwide in 2013 for [[Microsoft Windows]], PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.<ref name="DevSeriesSummery"/><ref name="TR9jp"/> Its sequel, ''[[Rise of the Tomb Raider]]'', was released in 2015 on the Xbox 360 and [[Xbox One]].<ref name="RTRrelease1"/><ref name="RTRrelease2"/> The game was part of a timed exclusivity deal with Microsoft.<ref name="RTRxbox"/> Versions for the [[PlayStation 4]] and [[Microsoft Windows]] were released in 2016.<ref name="RTRps4pc"/> Another sequel, ''[[Shadow of the Tomb Raider]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://segmentnext.com/2017/08/21/shadow-tomb-raider-announcement-coming-soon/|title=Shadow of the Tomb Raider Announcement Coming Soon|date=21 August 2017|website=SegmentNext|access-date=21 August 2017}}</ref> was released worldwide on [[PlayStation 4]], [[Xbox One]], and [[Microsoft Windows]] in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/3/15/17123806/shadow-of-the-tomb-raider-teaser-trailer-xbox-one-ps4-pc |title=Shadow of the Tomb Raider Teaser Trailer |date=15 March 2018 |website=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref> An arcade game based on this incarnation was released by [[Bandai Namco Holdings|Bandai Namco Amusement]] in Europe in 2018.<ref name="TRarcade" />
=== Spin-offs ===
===
Core Design developed two Game Boy Color titles in the early 2000s. The first, a side-scrolling game simply titled ''[[Tomb Raider (Game Boy Color video game)|Tomb Raider]]'' was released in 2000.<ref name="GamaCompanies"/><ref name="TRgbcGS"/> The second, its sequel, ''[[Tomb Raider: Curse of the Sword]]'', was released in 2001.<ref name="GamaCompanies"/><ref name="TRcurse"/> A Game Boy Advance title called ''[[Tomb Raider: The Prophecy]]'' was released in 2002. Unlike the first two Game Boy titles, this was developed by [[Ubi Soft Milan]] and published by [[Ubisoft|Ubi Soft]], adopting an isometric perspective and moving away from the side-scrolling platform-based gameplay.<ref name="GamaCompanies"/><ref name="TRLPfam"/>
==== ''Lara Croft'' spin-offs ====
From 2010 to 2015, a subseries simply titled ''Lara Croft'' was in development at Crystal Dynamics, with different gameplay than the main series and existing in its own continuity.<ref name="EuroGuardian"/><ref name="SQEXcroft"/> The first game, ''[[Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light]]'', was released in 2010 as a downloadable title for PC, PS3 and Xbox 360.<ref name="EuroGuardian"/> It was followed by ''[[Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris]]'', released for retail and download in 2014 for PC, PS4 and Xbox One.<ref name="BlogOsiris"/> Both titles were released in a compilation entitled ''The Lara Croft Collection'' for [[Nintendo Switch]] in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Lara Croft Collection |url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Nintendo-Switch-download-software/The-Lara-Croft-Collection-2402097.html |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=Nintendo of Europe GmbH |language=en-GB}}</ref> An entry for mobile devices, an [[Endless running games|endless runner platformer]] titled ''[[Lara Croft: Relic Run]]'', was released in 2015.<ref name="SQEXcroft"/> Square Enix Montreal also released a platform-puzzler for mobile devices, ''[[Lara Croft Go]]'' in 2015.<ref name="LaraGoRelease"/>
==== Other spin-offs ====
In 2003, four ''Tomb Raider'' titles for mobile phones were released.<ref name="GTretroC"/> Developed by Emerald City Games for iOS and Android devices, ''[[Tomb Raider Reloaded]]'' is an action arcade and [[free-to-play]] game released by [[CDE Entertainment]] in 2022.<ref name="TRReloadedRelease" >{{cite web|url= https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-11-23-theres-a-new-tomb-raider-game-launching-next-year|title=Eurogamer: There's a new Tomb Raider game launching next year |first=Matt|last=Wales|website=www.eurogamer.net/|date=23 November 2020}}</ref> A ''Tomb Raider'' themed downloadable content expansion for ''[[PowerWash Simulator]]'' was released for free on 31 January 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ign.com/articles/tomb-raider-powerwash-simulator-dlc-launches-for-free | title=Tomb Raider Reemerges as PowerWash Simulator DLC That Lets You Clean Lara Croft's Mansion | first=Andrea | last=Shearon | website=IGN | date=19 January 2023 | access-date=1 September 2023 | archive-date=29 August 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829142917/https://www.ign.com/articles/tomb-raider-powerwash-simulator-dlc-launches-for-free | url-status=live }}</ref>
===Cancelled games===
The plans for the franchise following the release of ''Tomb Raider II'' in 1997 were heavily revised. Initially, an expansion disk was planned for ''II'' entitled ''The Further Adventures of Lara Croft'', which would have been set in India. Some engineering work was conducted for the PlayStation version to allow for a disk swap after launching the base game. A segment from issue 64 of ''GamesMaster'' informally referred to the expansion as ''Tomb Raider 2.5'' and stated that it would have seven levels. A full sequel, then billed as ''Tomb Raider III'' was planned to have a two-year development period and release on the PlayStation 2. This game would have had a remote island setting and a focus on survival, including a need to find food and water. Core Design developer Gavin Rummery has stated that the island setting would not have resembled the 2013 reboot, but rather have been "self-contained". Eidos was initially behind the plan but intended to maintain an annual release schedule, and therefore brought in a new team to handle ''The Further Adventures of Lara Croft''. Rummery objected on the grounds that splitting ''Tomb Raider'' out across multiple teams could lead to conflict between the projects, and has stated that it led him to "eventually throw in the towel." Eidos pursued annual releases with the new team. The India setting from the expansion disk was adopted for ''Tomb Raider III'', a sequel for the original PlayStation, and the PlayStation 2 title was dropped. Rummery credits the failure of ''The Angel of Darkness'' in 2003 to burnout of the second team from annual releases, which stemmed from those directional changes in the late 1990s. The details were ultimately revealed by interviews with former staffers conducted for ''The Making of Tomb Raider'' in 2021.<ref name="Baxter"/>
After the release of ''The Angel of Darkness'' in 2003, Core Design continued working on the franchise for another three years, but both of the projects under development in that period were cancelled. A sequel titled ''The Lost Dominion'' was undergoing preliminary development that year, but the negative reception of ''The Angel of Darkness'' caused it and a wider trilogy to be scrapped.<ref name="TRLguideGames"/><ref name="EdgeMakingof"/> With Eidos's approval, Core Design then began development of an updated edition of the first game for the PSP called ''Tomb Raider: 10th Anniversary'' in late 2005, with a projected release date of Christmas 2006. Development continued while other Core Design staff were working on the platformer ''[[Free Running (video game)|Free Running]]''. When Core Design was sold to [[Rebellion Developments]] in June 2006,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/rebellion-acquires-core-design-staff-and-assets | title=Rebellion acquires Core Design staff and assets | date=16 June 2006}}</ref> Eidos requested the project's cancellation. It was suggested by staff that Eidos did not want to let outside developers handle the franchise.<ref name="PLinterview1"/><ref name="PLinterview2"/> An ''[[Indiana Jones]]'' "reskin" of the game was never completed, and ''Free Running'' was ultimately the studio's final title in 2007. Core Design—by then named Rebellion Derby—shut down in 2010. A January 2006 build of ''10th Anniversary'' was leaked online in 2020, and remains available on the [[Internet Archive]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/rebellion-confirms-derby-closure-cuts-at-oxford-studio | title=Rebellion confirms Derby closure, cuts at Oxford studio | date=17 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.techradar.com/news/how-to-play-the-newly-resurfaced-tomb-raider-remake | title=How to play the newly-resurfaced Tomb Raider remake | date=7 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/IndyTRAEbuild | title=Cancelled Indiana Jones / TRAE PSP Build: Core Design: Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming}}</ref>
==Common elements==
===Lara Croft===
{{Main|Lara Croft}}
[[File:ClassicLaraCroft.jpg|alt=A computer generated image of a brown haired woman whose body faces to the right while her head is turned down towards the ground, and left hand is placed on her wounded shoulder. She wears a dirty white shirt, ripped green pants and black boots. She has several abrasions covered by cloth. The woman holds a bow in her right hand.|thumb|Various incarnations of Lara Croft in the video game series. Despite multiple revisions to her clothing and general physique, her face and hair have remained generally consistent.<ref name="GI-213"/><ref name="IGN-ManyLooks"/>]]
Lara Croft is the main protagonist and playable character of the video game series. She travels around the world in search of many forgotten artefacts and locations, frequently connected to supernatural powers.<ref name="TRLguide2"/><ref name="VirtSed-Games"/><ref name="GIstory"/> While her biography has changed throughout the series, her shared traits are her origins as the only daughter and heir of the aristocratic Croft family.<ref name="TRLguide2"/><ref name="TRIIIguide"/><ref name="TRrebootGuide"/> She is portrayed as intelligent, athletic, elegant, fluent in multiple languages, and determined to fulfil her own goals at any cost. She has brown eyes and brown hair worn in a [[Braid (hairstyle)|braid]] or [[ponytail]]. The character's classic outfit consists of a turquoise singlet, light brown shorts, calf-high boots, and tall white socks. Recurring accessories include fingerless gloves, a backpack, a utility belt with holsters on either side, and twin pistols. Later games have multiple new outfits for her.<ref name="IGN-ManyLooks"/><ref name="PCGamer-166"/><ref name="CVG-2008"/><ref name="AnniversaryDev3"/>
Lara Croft has been voiced by five actresses in the video game series: [[Shelley Blond]], Judith Gibbins, Jonell Elliott, [[Keeley Hawes]], and [[Camilla Luddington]]. In other media, Croft was also voiced by [[Minnie Driver]] in the animated series and portrayed by [[Angelina Jolie]] and [[Alicia Vikander]] in feature films. Multiple models and body doubles have portrayed Croft in promotional material until the [[Tomb Raider (2013 video game)|reboot]] in 2013. Eight different real-life models have portrayed her at promotional events.<ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="IndeHawes"/>
In January 2023, ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' reported that [[Phoebe Waller-Bridge]] was set to write a TV show adaptation<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=27 January 2023 |title=Phoebe Waller-Bridge Prepping 'Tomb Raider' TV Series for Amazon (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/tomb-raider-tv-show-amazon-phoebe-waller-bridge-1235311582/ |access-date=29 January 2023 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref> of the video game franchise for [[Amazon Studios|Amazon]]. It was also reported that this would involve a tie-in video game and film in an interconnected universe, likened to the [[Marvel Cinematic Universe]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=27 January 2023 |title='Tomb Raider' Film in the Works as Amazon Makes Rich Rights Deal for Marvel-Like Franchise (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/tomb-raider-film-series-deal-amazon-1235311847/ |access-date=29 January 2023 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref>
====Continuity====
The circumstances of her first adventures, along with the drive behind her adventures, differ depending on the continuity. In the original continuities, she is on a plane that crashes in the Himalayas: her journey back to civilization against the odds help to begin her journey towards her adult life as an adventuress and treasure hunter.<ref name="TRLguide2"/><ref name="TRIIIguide"/> In the original continuity, after her ordeal in the Himalayas, she left behind her privileged life and made a living writing about her exploits as an adventurer, mercenary, and cat burglar. Shortly after these books she was disowned by her family.<ref name="Arcade-1"/><ref name="GS-History"/> In ''The Last Revelation'', Lara was caught in a collapsing pyramid at the game's end, leaving her fate unknown: this was because the staff, exhausted from four years of non-stop development, wanted to move on from the character.<ref name="dvd-doc"/> ''Chronicles'' was told through a series of flashbacks at a wake for Lara, while ''The Angel of Darkness'' was set an unspecified time after ''The Last Revelation'', with Lara revealed to have survived. The circumstances of her survival were originally part of the game but were cut due to time constraints and the pushing of the publisher Eidos.<ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="OPM-93"/>
In the ''Legend'' continuity, her mother Amelia was involved in the crash, and she is partially driven by the need to discover the truth behind her mother's disappearance and vindicate her father's theories about Amelia's disappearance.<ref name="OPM-106"/> This obsession with the truth is present in ''Anniversary'', and ends up bringing the world to the brink of destruction during the events of ''Underworld''.<ref name="TRAguide"/><ref name="TRUguide"/> Her father is referred to as Lord Henshingly Croft in the original games and Lord Richard Croft in the ''Legend'' continuity.<ref name="TRLguide2"/><ref name="TRIIIguide"/> The ''Lara Croft'' subseries take place within their own separate continuity, devoting itself to adventures similar to earlier games while the main series goes in a different stylistic direction.<ref name="SQEXcroft"/>
In the 2013 reboot continuity, Lara's mother vanished at an early age, and her father became obsessed with finding the secrets of immortality, eventually resulting in an apparent suicide. Lara distanced herself from her father's memory, believing like many others that his obsession had caused him to go mad. After studying at university, Lara gets an opportunity to work on an archaeology program, in the search for the mythic kingdom of [[Yamatai]]. The voyage to find the kingdom results in a shipwreck on an island, which is later discovered to be Yamatai, but the island is also home to savage bandits, who were victims of previous wrecks. Lara's attempts to find a way off the island lead her to discover that the island itself is stopping them from leaving, which she discovered is linked to the still-living soul of the Sun Queen [[Himiko]]. Lara tries to find a way to banish the spirit of the sun queen in order to get home. The aftermath of the events of the game causes Lara to see that her father was right, and that she had needlessly distanced herself from him. She decides to finish his work, and uncover the mysteries of the world. The game's sequels portray Lara Croft in conflict with an ancient organization Trinity, in their quest to obtain supernatural items for their world domination.
===Gameplay===
[[File:TR Anniversary gameplay.jpg|left|thumb|250px|A gameplay screenshot from ''Tomb Raider: Anniversary'', showing Lara jumping for a ledge below a door switch. While many mechanics within the ''Tomb Raider'' series have undergone changes, platforming and puzzle solving linked to this are recurring, standard elements within the series.]]
The gameplay of ''Tomb Raider'' is primarily based around an [[Action-adventure game|action-adventure]] framework, with Lara navigating environments and solving mechanical and environmental puzzles, in addition to fighting enemies and avoiding traps. These puzzles, primarily set within ancient tombs and temples, can extend across multiple rooms and areas within a level. Lara can swim through water, a rarity in games at the time that has continued through the series.<ref name="GDMpostmortem"/><ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="GamaGameplay"/><ref name="DigiHistory"/> According to original software engineer and later studio manager Gavin Rummery, the original set-up of interlinking rooms was inspired by Egyptian multi-roomed tombs, particularly the [[KV62|tomb of Tutankhamun]].<ref name="dvd-doc"/> The feel of the gameplay was intended to evoke that of the 1989 video game ''[[Prince of Persia (1989 video game)|Prince of Persia]]''.<ref name="TRsecrets"/> In the original games, Lara utilised a "bulldozer" steering set-up, with two buttons pushing her forward and back and two buttons steering her left and right, and in combat Lara automatically locked onto enemies when they came within range. The camera automatically adjusts depending on Lara's action, but defaults to a third-person perspective in most instances. This basic formula remained unchanged through the first series of games. ''Angel of Darkness'' added stealth elements.<ref name="GamaGameplay"/><ref name="DigiHistory"/><ref name="TRAODguide"/><ref name="EGMtr2"/>
For ''Legend'', the control scheme and character movement was redesigned to provide a smooth and fluid experience. One of the key elements present was how buttons for different actions cleanly transitioned into different actions, along with these moves being incorporated into combat to create effects such as stunning or knocking down enemies. Quick-time events were added into certain segments within each level, and many of the puzzles were based around sophisticated in-game physics.<ref name="GDMpostmortem"/><ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="1UPlegend"/><ref name="TRLguide3"/> ''Anniversary'', while going through the same locales of the original game, was rebuilt using the gameplay and environmental puzzles of ''Legend''.<ref name="GRanniversary"/> For ''Underworld'', the gameplay was redesigned around a phrase the staff had put to themselves: "What Could Lara Do?". Using this set-up, they created a greater variety of moves and greater interaction with the environment, along with expanding and improving combat.<ref name="Under-dvd-doc"/>
The gameplay underwent another major change for the 2013 reboot. Gameplay altered from progression through linear levels to navigating an open world, with hunting for supplies and upgrading equipment and weapons becoming a key part of gameplay, yet tombs were mostly optional, and platforming was less present in comparison to combat. The combat was redesigned to be similar to the ''[[Uncharted]]'' series: the previous reticle-based lock-on mechanics were replaced by a free-roaming aim.<ref name="TombUncharted" /> ''Rise of the Tomb Raider'' built on the 2013 reboot's foundation, adding dynamic weather systems, reintroducing swimming, and increasing the prevalence of non-optional tombs with more platforming elements.<ref name="RoTgameplay" />
==History==
===Original series at Core Design (1994–2006)===
[[File:Toby Gard - E3 2005.jpg|thumb|left|Toby Gard, a key creative figure for the series, at the 2005 [[Electronic Entertainment Expo]]]]The concept for ''Tomb Raider'' originated in 1994 at Core Design, a British game development studio.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-10-27-20-years-on-the-tomb-raider-story-told-by-the-people-who-were-there|title=20 years on, the Tomb Raider story told by the people who were there|last=Yin-Poole|first=Wesley|date=30 October 2016|website=Eurogamer|language=en|access-date=7 February 2020}}</ref> One of the people involved in its creation was [[Toby Gard]], who was mostly responsible for creating the character of Lara Croft. Gard originally envisioned the character as a man: company co-founder Jeremy Heath-Smith was worried the character would be seen as derivative of [[Indiana Jones (character)|Indiana Jones]], so Gard changed the character's gender. Her design underwent multiple revisions and redrafts during early development.<ref name="IGNretro" /><ref name="dvd-doc" /> The game proved an unexpected commercial success, reversing Eidos' then-bleak financial situation.<ref name="GTretroA" /> After the success of ''Tomb Raider'', work began on a sequel. Gard was no longer given creative control of the character, and it was stated by development staff that he was both saddened and disappointed by the use of Lara Croft's sex appeal in marketing. Gard left Core Design in 1997, alongside ''Tomb Raider'' co-creator Paul Douglas, to found their own gaming company [[Confounding Factor (games company)|Confounding Factor]].<ref name="GTretroA" /><ref name="dvd-doc" /><ref name="GamaInterview" />
The remaining team members, alongside new arrivals, would work on the sequel ''Tomb Raider II'' which released a year after the original game and proved as big a commercial success.<ref name="Retro163" /> The development team were burned out by release due to the [[Crunch (video games)|extreme crunch policy]] at Core Design.<ref name="Baxter">{{cite book |last1=Baxter |first1=Daryl |title=The Making of Tomb Raider |date=2021 |publisher=White Owl |chapter= Chapter 11, Home Sweet Home |isbn=978-1399002059}}</ref> The vision for the franchise in late 1997 involved an expansion pack for ''Tomb Raider II'', entitled ''The Further Adventures of Lara Croft'', followed by a [[Tomb Raider III#PlayStation 2 version|survival game called ''Tomb Raider III'']] to be released two or three years later for the [[PlayStation 2]]. Eidos were initially behind this direction, but later were driven by a desire to have annual releases for the Christmas window. This led them to request that a second team be created to develop an expanded version of ''The Further Adventures'' and release that as ''Tomb Raider III'' in the interim. The decision was not communicated to the original team, which learned of the move only when ''Tomb Raider III'' was publicly announced as a 1998 title for the original PlayStation. They were exhausted and withdrew from the PlayStation 2 project in response, which was soon cancelled. The ''Tomb Raider II'' team did not work on the franchise again, with some team members going on to work on ''[[Project Eden (video game)|Project Eden]]''.<ref name =Baxter/>
Going forwards the franchise would be worked on by a new team. With Eidos' new vision for the franchise they would aim for annual releases. Core Design's policy at the time involved years-long crunch periods, which placed strain on them and ultimately led to similar burnout.<ref name =Baxter/><ref name="Retro163">{{cite magazine |last1=Thorpe|first1=Nick |last2=Jones|first2=Darran |date=December 2016 |title=20 Years of an Icon: Tomb Raider|magazine=[[Retro Gamer]] |issue=163|publisher=[[Future Publishing]]|pages=16–29}}</ref> For this reason, and the feeling that they had exhausted the series' potential, the team tried to kill off Lara at the end of the fourth game, ''The Last Revelation''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/03/it-felt-like-robbery-tomb-raider-and-the-fall-of-core-design/|title = "It felt like robbery": Tomb Raider and the fall of Core Design|date = 31 March 2015}}</ref> Eidos insisted that the series continue,<ref name="Retro163"/> and so ''Chronicles'' was developed by the Tomb Raider team while an additional group made preparations for the transition to PlayStation 2 with ''The Angel of Darkness''.<ref name="EdgeMakingof" /> The ''Chronicles'' team strongly disliked being forced to continue the franchise, with the lead animator enjoying creating new death animations for Lara on that basis.<ref name="GSinterview">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.co.uk/interviews/2000/09/165-asmith.html |title=Adrian Smith On The Tomb Raider Chronicles |date=12 September 2000 |website=[[GameSpot|GameSpot UK]] |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=15 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001209162000/http://www.gamespot.co.uk/interviews/2000/09/165-asmith.html |archive-date=9 December 2000 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The game was poorly received, with reviewers suggesting the series was growing stale.<ref name="GIpc">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.gameinformer.com/Games/Review/200102/R03.0806.1210.36520.htm |title=Tomb Raider Chronicles (PC) |last=Brogger|first=Kristian |magazine=[[Game Informer]] |publisher=[[FuncoLand]] |issue=94 |date=February 2001 |access-date=11 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080131093451/http://www.gameinformer.com/Games/Review/200102/R03.0806.1210.36520.htm |archive-date=31 January 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> During this period, multiple handheld titles were developed by both Core Design and third-party developers.<ref name="GamaCompanies" /><ref name="GTretroB" />
The production of ''The Angel of Darkness'' was beset by problems from an early stage, with the team wanting to create a grander game to compete with contemporary action-adventure games. When the ''Chronicles'' team came back over to work on ''The Angel of Darkness'', they found that production had completely "gone off the rails", with the entire project having been scrapped and restarted once already.<ref name="EdgeMakingof"/> Under pressure from Eidos, key sections of the game needed to be cut, and it was released before the team felt it was ready.<ref name="EdgeMakingof"/><ref name="dvd-doc"/> It also suffered from crunch and burnout.<ref name =Baxter/> The game received negative reactions from critics, and was cited by [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]] as the reason for the [[Lara Croft: Tomb Raider – The Cradle of Life|second ''Tomb Raider'' film]] underperforming.<ref name="EdgeMakingof"/><ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="DigiHistory"/><ref name="ParaLara"/>
While development of the next title ''Legend'' moved to Crystal Dynamics, Core Design continued to work on the franchise. A remake of the original game for [[PlayStation Portable]] was in development there, entitled ''10th Anniversary''. While Eidos had been averse to further ''Tomb Raider'' titles from the group, their recent purchase by SCi meant that the decision would now be made by the new parent company, and they were in favour. By 2006 the title was nearly finished, but after Crystal Dynamics sent a demo to SCi showing the first level of ''Legend'' running on PSP, ''10th Anniversary'' was cancelled and Crystal Dynamics were charged with making a remake of the original instead. One of the key reasons for this was the fact that Crystal Dynamics had stronger capabilities to do a cross-platform launch. The decision "went down like a cup of cold sick" at Core Design. The studio attempted to reskin the title as a ''[[National Treasure (franchise)|National Treasure]]'' or ''[[Indiana Jones]]'' game in the wake of the decision, but these did not come to fruition. The loss of the ''Tomb Raider'' IP was a factor in the studio's closure several years later.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 January 2021 |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian Carlos |title=Play this long-lost Tomb Raider remake |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/7/22219080/tom-raider-10th-anniversary-remake-lost-playable-internet-archive |website=The Verge}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Original developer of Tomb Raider tried to salvage cancelled 10th Anniversary Edition with Indiana Jones and National Treasure pitches |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/original-developer-of-tomb-raider-tried-to-salvage-cancelled-10th-anniversary-edition-with-indiana-jones-and-national-treasure-pitches |website=Eurogamer.net |language=en |date=7 January 2021}}</ref>
===Crystal Dynamics and ''Legend'' trilogy (2003–2008)===
After the critical backlash against ''The Angel of Darkness'', Eidos decided to take production of the ''Tomb Raider'' series out of Core Design's hands and give it to another subsidiary studio. Production of the next game was given to Crystal Dynamics in 2003, a studio that had made its name with the ''[[Legacy of Kain]]'' series.<ref name="DigiHistory"/><ref name="BBCcroft"/><ref name="PSM-77"/> Eidos CEO [[Ian Livingstone]] stated that while the critical failure of ''The Angel of Darkness'' was a major reason for taking the series away from Core Design, the decision was motivated by their inordinate struggles with developing for the PlayStation 2, and by how many members of the Core team had complained that they were "burnt out" on ''Tomb Raider''. He added that "for a UK company, moving the development of its prized asset from Derby to California was a big decision to make but, as it turned out, absolutely the right one to make".<ref name="Retro163"/> One of the main priorities for both Eidos and Crystal Dynamics was to regain the fanbase's trust in the brand, along with helping the series reclaim the status and selling power it had before ''The Angel of Darkness''{{'}} release.<ref name="GSlegends"/> Their main goal was to put Lara back inside tombs, with their physics-based engine enabling more intricate puzzles.<ref name="1UPlegend"/> ''Legend'' was well received, and was the first game in a rebooted trilogy.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.pcgamer.com/uk/tomb-raider-every-version-of-lara-croft-ranked-by-lara-ness/|title=Tomb Raider: Every version of Lara Croft, ranked by Lara-ness|magazine=Pc Gamer|date=28 September 2020|last1=Henley|first1=Stacey}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2011/03/29/tomb-raider-trilogy-review|title=Tomb Raider Trilogy Review - IGN|date=29 March 2011}}</ref> After ''Legend'' was finished, the team decided to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the series by remaking the original game, rebuilding the environments and redesigning the story to fit in with the events and gameplay of ''Legend''.<ref name="AnniversaryDev3"/><ref name="dvd-doc"/> Alongside the development of ''Anniversary'', an entry for [[Seventh generation of video game consoles|seventh-generation hardware]] was in development, although it used established gaming architecture from ''Legend'' and this caused problems for the development team.<ref name="GamaUnderPost"/> This released as ''[[Tomb Raider: Underworld]]'' in 2008.
===Square Enix acquisition and ''Survivor'' trilogy (2009–2019)===
In 2009, the year after the release of ''Underworld'', Eidos was bought by Square Enix and later renamed [[Square Enix Europe]], giving Square Enix ownership of the ''Tomb Raider'' franchise.<ref name="MCVeidos"/><ref name="JoySQEXeurope"/> Development of Tomb Raider remained with Crystal Dynamics, now under the new structure. A new subseries began in 2010, billed simply as ''Lara Croft'' rather than ''Tomb Raider'' while using the aesthetics of the ''Legend'' continuity.<ref name="EuroGuardian"/> The first of these was ''[[Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light]]'', followed by ''[[Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris]]'' in 2014. From 2015 the subseries aimed at the mobile format with ''[[Lara Croft: Relic Run|Relic Run]]'',<ref name="BlogOsiris"/><ref name="AdInterview"/> and later ''[[Lara Croft Go]]'' which received critical acclaim.<ref name="DevGo"/>
During this period, a second development team was working on a second reboot of the series and character, which put emphasis on a darker and grittier interpretation of the character.<ref name="GI-213"/><ref name="GSreboot"/> Another priority was presenting Lara as a more human character, putting her in vulnerable situations, and showing how she begins her journey to becoming a "tomb raider" through both narrative and gameplay.<ref name="DailyLara"/> The reboot, simply entitled ''[[Tomb Raider (2013 video game)|Tomb Raider]]'', was met with critical acclaim at launch in 2013, and became the start of the "Survivor Trilogy".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://store.playstation.com/en-gb/product/EP0082-CUSA27688_00-0299001029018095|title = Tomb Raider: Definitive Survivor Trilogy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.psu.com/a018479/Tomb-Raider-review-scores-90----Lara-is-back|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130226084940/http://www.psu.com/a018479/Tomb-Raider-review-scores-90----Lara-is-back|archive-date=26 February 2013|title=Tomb Raider review scores 90% - 'Lara is back'|date=24 February 2013}}</ref> A sequel, eventually revealed as ''[[Rise of the Tomb Raider]]'', was in development a few months after the reboot's release.<ref name="RTRrelease1"/><ref name="EuroSequel"/> In response to criticisms about a lack of classic tombs, more optional and story-based tombs were incorporated into the game.<ref name="EuroTombs"/> It continued the team's new portrayal of Lara, showing more sides to her character and her growing obsession with discovering the truth.<ref name="GIstory"/> In 2018, ''[[Shadow of the Tomb Raider]]'' was released to coincide with a new film starring [[Alicia Vikander]] as Lara Croft, simply titled ''[[Tomb Raider (film)|Tomb Raider]]'', taking heavy inspiration from the 2013 game of the same name.<ref>{{Citation|title=Shadow of the Tomb Raider Officially Announced - IGN|date=15 March 2018 |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2018/03/15/shadow-of-the-tomb-raider-officially-announced |access-date=3 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=14 March 2018|title=Tomb Raider 2018 Is A Prequel-Reboot-Adaptation: A Brief Guide To Lara Croft's History|url=https://screenrant.com/tomb-raider-movie-2018-remake-prequel-reboot/|access-date=3 August 2021|website=ScreenRant}}</ref> ''Shadow'' was developed by [[Eidos-Montréal]] as Crystal Dynamics completed ''[[Marvel's Avengers (video game)|Marvel's Avengers]]'', though Crystal would provide secondary support. The game concluded Lara's origin story. A "Definitive Edition", featuring all 7 DLCs for ''Shadow'' was released in November 2019.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.square-enix-games.com/en_GB/news/shadow-tomb-raider-definitive-edition | title=Shadow of the Tomb Raider: Definitive Edition out now | Square Enix Blog}}</ref>
===Embracer Group acquisition and diversification (2020–present)===
Following the conclusion of the Survivor trilogy, both Crystal Dynamics and Eidos-Montréal were busy with Marvel properties, and so there were no further ''Tomb Raider'' games for several years. In Crystal Dynamics' case, continued support for ''Marvel's Avengers'' lasted until 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://metro.co.uk/2023/01/23/avengers-to-disassemble-this-year-as-staff-move-onto-tomb-raider-18148562/ | title=Avengers to disassemble this year as staff move onto Tomb Raider | date=23 January 2023}}</ref> The mobile game ''[[Tomb Raider Reloaded]]'' was published by [[Square Enix London Mobile]] in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Forde |first=Matthew |title=Tomb Raider Reloaded unearths a soft launch|url=https://www.pocketgamer.biz/news/76040/tomb-raider-reloaded-unearths-a-soft-launch/|access-date=3 August 2021|website=pocketgamer.biz|date=15 March 2021}}</ref> A great many crossovers with other video game franchises were also developed in the early 2020s, with an article from ''Fandom Wire'' identifying 14 franchises that received crossovers, ranging from ''[[Fall Guys]]'' to ''[[Dead by Daylight]]''. These were generally in the form of cosmetic additions or through Lara appearing as a playable character.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-26 |title="Lara really is everywhere": Tomb Raider Isn't Just Hitting Dead by Daylight, as Lara Croft Jumps into Battle Royale Mode |url=https://fandomwire.com/lara-croft-tomb-raider-naraka-bladepoint-dead-by-daylight/ |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=fandomwire.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
In 2021, [[Legendary Television]] and DJ2 Entertainment announced an [[anime series]] set after the events of ''Shadow of the Tomb Raider'' for [[Netflix]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zorrilla |first=Mónica Marie |date=27 January 2021 |title=Netflix Expands its Growing Anime Repertoire With 'Skull Island' and 'Tomb Raider' Adaptations |url=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/netflix-anime-skull-island-tomb-raider-video-game-1234893288/ |access-date=3 August 2021 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> The series' title was revealed as ''[[Tomb Raider: The Legend of Lara Croft]]'' and it was released in October 2024.<ref>{{cite web|title=Netflix Unveils First Look At Tomb Raider: The Legend Of Lara Croft In New Teaser Trailer|url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/netflix-unveils-first-look-at-tomb-raider-the-legend-of-lara-croft-in-new-teaser-trailer/1100-6518005/|website=[[GameSpot]]|last=Wolinksy|first=David|date=September 27, 2023|accessdate=September 27, 2023|quote=The animated series is set to debut in 2024.}}</ref> A live action series was also in development at Amazon in the early 2020s. The project has seen two writers rooms and tens of millions of dollars in development costs but is reportedly "not going ahead", with no script written as of April 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amazon's Tomb Raider series reportedly 'dead' after tens of millions in development costs resulted in no script {{!}} PC Gamer |website=[[PC Gamer]] |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/movies-tv/amazons-tomb-raider-series-reportedly-dead-after-tens-of-millions-in-development-costs-resulted-in-no-script/ |date=10 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250410231705/https://www.pcgamer.com/movies-tv/amazons-tomb-raider-series-reportedly-dead-after-tens-of-millions-in-development-costs-resulted-in-no-script/ |archive-date=10 April 2025 }}</ref>
[[Embracer Group]] purchased a number of [[Square Enix Europe]] assets in May 2022 for {{USD|300 million|long=no}}, including Crystal Dynamics and the ''Tomb Raider'' franchise.<ref name="SquareIGN">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/embracer-group-enters-agreement-to-acquire-eidos-crystal-dynamics-square-enix-montreal-and-more-tomb-raider-deus-ex|title=Embracer Group Enters Agreement to Acquire Eidos, Crystal Dynamics, and Square Enix Montreal for $300 Million|first=Adam|last=Bankhurst|date=2 May 2022|website=IGN}}</ref><ref name="SquareEmbracer">{{Cite web |date=2 May 2022 |title=Embracer Group enters into an agreement to acquire Eidos, Crystal Dynamics, and Square Enix Montréal amongst other assets |url=https://embracer.com/release/embracer-group-enters-into-an-agreement-to-acquire-eidos-crystal-dynamics-and-square-enix-montreal-amongst-other-assets/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Embracer}}</ref> The studio announced the next main ''Tomb Raider'' title in 2022 as a game that would "unify the timelines", and combine elements from all three series, including the work of Core Design. In this timeline, Lara would be a seasoned adventurer.<ref>{{Citation|title=Community Update: Tomb Raider 25 Year Celebration| date=27 January 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_gO4xj5u9k |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/m_gO4xj5u9k| archive-date=11 December 2021 |url-status=live|language=en|access-date=3 August 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> This instalment will use [[Unreal Engine 5]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=McWhertor |first=Michael |date=5 April 2021|title=A new Tomb Raider is coming, built on Unreal Engine 5|url=https://www.polygon.com/23011809/tomb-raider-new-game-unreal-engine-5|access-date=6 April 2021|website=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]}}</ref> and will be published by [[Amazon Games]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cabello |first=Marcos |title=Amazon Will Publish the Tomb Raider Game |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/gaming/amazon-will-publish-the-tomb-raider-game/ |access-date=15 December 2022 |website=[[CNET]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215213342/https://www.cnet.com/tech/gaming/amazon-will-publish-the-tomb-raider-game/ |archive-date=15 December 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> ''Tomb Raider'' was only briefly under Embracer Group, as the company [[2022–2025 video game industry layoffs#Embracer Group|suffered from over-expansion]] and announced in 2024 that it was to split into three companies; the IP is to be held by [[Middle-earth Enterprises]], under Fellowship Entertainment after the separation is completed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Batchelor |first=James |date=2024-04-22 |title=Embracer Group splits into three: Everything you need to know |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/embracer-group-splits-into-three-everything-you-need-to-know |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=GamesIndustry.biz |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-13 |title=Embracer Group To Make Severe Cutbacks After Absurd Spending Spree |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2023/06/embracer-group-to-make-severe-cutbacks-after-absurd-spending-spree |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=Nintendo Life |language=en-GB}}</ref>
The period also saw a number of re-releases in the form of collected editions and remasters. [[Feral Interactive]]'s Lara Croft spin-offs were re-released as ''The Lara Croft Collection'' for Nintendo Switch in 2023.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kennedy |first1=Victoria |title=Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light, Temple of Osiris finally get Switch release date |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/lara-croft-and-the-guardian-of-light-temple-of-osiris-finally-get-switch-release-date |website=Eurogamer.net |language=en |date=15 June 2023}}</ref> [[Aspyr]] released remasters of all six Core Design titles across two collections as ''[[Tomb Raider I–III Remastered]]'' and ''[[Tomb Raider IV–VI Remastered]]'' in 2024 and 2025. The remasters were made available for [[Nintendo Switch]], [[PlayStation 4]], [[PlayStation 5]], [[Windows]], [[Xbox One]], and [[Xbox Series X and Series S|Xbox Series X/S]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tomb Raider IV-VI Remastered Reveal, 100 Million Games Sold & More! |url=https://www.tombraider.com/news/video-games/tomb-raider-iv-vi-remastered-reveal-100-million-games-sold-and-more |website=Tomb Raider |access-date=11 October 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aspyr & Crystal Dynamics Reveal Tomb Raider I-III Remastered Starring Lara Croft, Coming to PC & Consoles Feb. 14, 2024 – Crystal Dynamics |url=https://www.crystald.com/aspyr-crystal-dynamics-reveal-tomb-raider-i-iii-remastered-starring-lara-croft-coming-to-pc-consoles-feb-14-2024/ |website=[[Crystal Dynamics]] |date=14 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023}}</ref> The Core Design games were also re-released in their original form for [[Evercade]] across two cartridges, with ''Tomb Raider Collection 1'' covering the first three games, and ''Tomb Raider Collection 2'' covering the fourth and fifth. The Evercade re-releases did not include ''The Angel of Darkness''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://evercade.co.uk/press-release/evercade-announces-tomb-raider-cartridge-collection-with-crystal-dynamics-featuring-the-first-three-tomb-raider-games/ |title=Evercade Announces Tomb Raider Cartridge Collection with Crystal Dynamics, featuring the first three Tomb Raider games - Evercade |work=Evercade }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Sheehan |first1=Gavin |title=Evercade Has Announced The Tomb Raider Collection 2 |url=https://bleedingcool.com/games/evercade-has-announced-the-tomb-raider-collection-2/ |website=bleedingcool.com |language=en |date=22 February 2025}}</ref>
==Music==
The original ''Tomb Raider'' theme was composed by [[Nathan McCree]]. He created the original theme music after having discussions with Gard about the character of Lara Croft. Having decided to use Classical English music as an inspiration, he decided to create something simple for the theme song. Its simplicity made rearrangements and orchestrations easy. For his work on the first three ''Tomb Raider'' games, he was given fairly minimal briefs, and for ''Tomb Raider III'' he was working on the game as a freelancer as he had left the company.<ref name="PlatformMcCree"/><ref name="VGMmccree"/> For ''The Last Revelation'', [[Peter Connelly]] replaced Nathan McCree as the main composer, using McCree's music as a basis for his work. He composed the opening theme for ''The Last Revelation'', saying that the opening melody came to him out of the blue, and added Egyptian motifs to fit in with the game's setting. ''Chronicles'' was originally going to have a sizeable original opening theme, but due to time constraints the majority of it ended up being discarded, much to Connelly's later regret. Only the opening segment survived.<ref name="VGMOconnelly"/> The music for ''The Angel of Darkness'', composed by Connelly and Martin Iveson, was the one element of production that did not encounter problems, as recording was finished before the major content cuts happened. Scored using a full orchestra as opposed to the synthesised instruments of previous titles, it was performed by the [[London Symphony Orchestra]].<ref name="EdgeMakingof"/><ref name="VGMOconnelly"/>
For ''Legend'', [[Troels Brun Folmann]] composed the music and managed the sound effects. Alongside composing a large amount of music for the game, he created micro-scores for small segments within gameplay.<ref name="TRLguideMusic"/> Folmann returned to score ''Anniversary'', doing re-orchestrations of the original score, along with expanding them.<ref name="dvd-doc"/> For ''Underworld'', Folmann handled the main theme while [[Colin O'Malley]] handled the rest of the soundtrack, which featured far less looping music than ''Legend''.<ref name="TRUmusic"/> The 2013 reboot was scored by [[Jason Graves]], who had become known through his work on the ''[[Dead Space (series)|Dead Space]]'' franchise. Along with his orchestral style, he created a special instrument to create discordant sounds within the music, and musical elements from around the globe to represent the inhabitants of the game's island ___location.<ref name="GravesInfo1"/><ref name="GravesInfo2"/> For ''Rise of the Tomb Raider'', the composer was [[Bobby Tahouri]], who had previously worked as assistant composer on video games and theatrical films.<ref name="RoTmusic"/> ''Guardian of Light'' used no original music, instead using extracts from the music of ''Legend'', ''Anniversary'' and ''Underworld''.<ref name="LCgolMusic"/> The music for ''Temple of Osiris'' was written by Will Roget II, who had originally worked on licensed video games including ''[[Star Wars: The Old Republic]]''. ''Temple of Osiris'' was the first title in the ''Lara Croft'' subseries to have an original score, using Egyptian and Middle Eastern musical elements while creating a new main theme that could be used in future ''Lara Croft'' games.<ref name="LRosirisMusic"/>
==Technology==
Over the lifetime of the franchise, four custom proprietary game engines have been built to support the main titles. ''Shadow of the Tomb Raider'' (2018) was the final main series title to use a proprietary engine, as the franchise is now moving to [[Unreal Engine 5]]. The change reflects a wider industry shift in recent years away from proprietary engines.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McWhertor |first1=Michael |title=A new Tomb Raider is coming, built on Unreal Engine 5 |url=https://www.polygon.com/23011809/tomb-raider-new-game-unreal-engine-5 |website=Polygon |date=5 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Skilled Unreal Engine Developers are the Most Demanded in 2022 |url=https://gamestudio.n-ix.com/skilled-unreal-engine-developers-are-the-most-demanded-in-2022/ |website=N-iX Game & VR Studio |date=20 May 2022}}</ref>
===Tomb Raider Engine (1994–2000)===
The first ''Tomb Raider'' used a custom-built game engine, as other equivalent engines available to Core Design at the time were not versatile enough to realise the team's vision. The engine was designed by Paul Douglas, who handled the game's [[Artificial intelligence (video games)|artificial intelligence]] (AI) and the three-dimensional (3D) graphics. The choice of a 3D game was influenced by the team's opinion that the game type was under-represented when compared to [[first-person shooter]]s such as ''[[Doom (1993 video game)|Doom]]''. Its 3D style meant multiple elements were difficult to implement, including the AI and camera control. Another noted aspect was the multi-layered levels, as compared to equivalent 3D action-adventure games of the time which were limited to a flat-floor system. Lara's movements were hand-animated and coordinated rather than created using [[motion capture]]. The reason for this was that the team wanted uniformity in her movement, which was not possible with motion capture technology of the time.<ref name="TRsecrets"/> For ''Tomb Raider II'', minor upgrades were made to the engine, with the main improvements being to the AI and smoothing out Lara's model.<ref name="EGMtr2"/> ''Tomb Raider III'' underwent major revisions, including rewrites to the graphics engine and improvements in the lighting and AI systems.<ref name="TR3engine"/> The engine was given a major overhaul for ''The Last Revelation''. The first five games make use of full-motion video cutscenes. For the first three games, they were primarily used as transitional periods depicting Lara moving from one level to another or one ___location to another.<ref name="GSlastrev1"/><ref name="GSlastrev2"/> For ''Chronicles'', fairly minor revisions were made.<ref name="GTretroC"/><ref name="GSchronicles"/>
===Angel of Darkness Engine (2000–2003)===
For ''The Angel of Darkness'', a new engine was built from scratch, but due to being unfamiliar and unused to the technology of the PS2, the team encountered multiple problems such as needing to remove areas and characters due to polygon restrictions. Due to the deadlines imposed, the team were forced to cut corners, meaning that the game reached store shelves in a poor condition.<ref name="EdgeMakingof"/>
===Crystal Engine (2003–2008)===
For ''Legend'', the staff at Crystal Dynamics created a proprietary engine from the ground up, named the Crystal Engine.<ref name="GDMpostmortem"/><ref name="ShackEngine"/> The engine and the game's content were developed in parallel, leading to scheduling and workload difficulties.<ref name="GDMpostmortem"/> ''Anniversary'' used the same engine as ''Legend''.<ref name="AnniversaryEngine"/> ''Underworld'' used a new engine built specifically for the game, although its basic codebase was shared with ''Legend''. The group of developers who were working on this new engine were not tied specifically to the ''Underworld'' project, but rather shared by other projects, and this led to issues of prioritisation and communication. There were also problems with complicated [[Coupling (computer programming)|dependencies]] and over-ambition.<ref name="GamaUnderPost"/><ref name="UnderEngine"/> In ''Underworld'', Lara's movements were animated using full motion capture, with Olympic gymnast Heidi Moneymaker providing the character's animations.<ref name="GuardMotion"/>
===Foundation Engine (2013–2019)===
For the 2013 reboot, an updated version of the Crystal engine called Foundation was created for the game.<ref name="RebootEngine"/>{{Failed verification|date=May 2024}} Motion capture was again used for this title.<ref name="GImotion"/> An updated version of the Foundation engine was used again for ''Rise of the Tomb Raider''.<ref name="RoTengine"/> Lara's hair movements were made more realistic using [[TressFX]] in ''Tomb Raider'' and PureHair in ''Rise of the Tomb Raider''.<ref name="TombHair"/> The Foundation engine remained in use for the third entry in the reboot series, ''Shadow of the Tomb Raider'', and featured new graphical enhancements from developer [[Eidos-Montréal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2018-shadow-of-the-tomb-raider-tech-analysis |title=Shadow of the Tomb Raider is a beautiful tech showcase |website=[[Eurogamer]] |date=11 September 2018 |access-date=8 September 2020}}</ref>
==
{{see also|List of Tomb Raider media}}
Both the character of Lara Croft and the concepts behind the ''Tomb Raider'' franchise have evolved thematically and in popularity since the first game's release in 1996.<ref name="RollingStone"/> The success of the game series led to several commercial tie-ins that further catapulted to cultural icon status,<ref name="WOW247"/> including feature spin-off games, feature films, and comics.<ref name="EW"/>
The much anticipated album 'The Fat of the Land' by [[The Prodigy]] was apparently delayed by several months due to the band playing the game constantly over late 1996 and early 1997. The album would eventually be released in June 1997.<ref name="ProdigyInfo">{{cite web |title=The Fat of the Land |url=https://theprodigy.info/discography/official/the-fat-of-the-land/ |website=The Prodigy Official Discography |access-date=22 August 2025}}</ref><ref name="ElectronicSound">{{cite web |last=James |first=Martin |title=The Sound And The Fury |url=https://www.electronicsound.co.uk/features/long-reads/the-prodigy-the-sound-and-the-fury/ |website=Electronic Sound |publisher=Electronic Sound Ltd |date=19 April 2019 |access-date=22 August 2025}}</ref><ref name="MobyGames">{{cite web |title=Tomb Raider II (1997) Trivia |url=https://www.mobygames.com/game/487/tomb-raider-ii/ |website=MobyGames |access-date=22 August 2025}}</ref>
==Reception==
Upon release, ''Tomb Raider'' became an unexpected success, reaching the top of sales charts and remaining for a time. It went on to sell over 7 million units worldwide.<ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="DigiHistory"/> ''Tomb Raider II'' was a greater commercial success, with debut sales higher than the first game and total worldwide sales of 8 million units.<ref name="GTretroA"/><ref name="DigiHistory"/> Despite varying critical receptions, series sales continued to be strong until the release of ''Chronicles'', which sold 1.5 million units.<ref name="DigiHistory"/> While ''The Angel of Darkness'' met with initial strong sales, it failed to meet expectations. Since the release of ''Legend'', the series has picked up in terms of sales, popularity,<ref name="DevSeriesSummery"/> and critical acclaim.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keeley |first=Pete |date=2016-11-14 |title='Tomb Raider' Turns 20: The Complex Legacy of Lara Croft |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/tomb-raider-turns-20-complex-legacy-lara-croft-946939/ |access-date=2023-11-14 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref> The 2013 [[Tomb Raider (2013 video game)|reboot]] sold 11 million units, becoming the most commercially successful ''Tomb Raider'' title to date.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=East meets West: Yosuke Matsuda on growing Square Enix's global empire |url=http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-11-27-east-meets-west-yosuke-matsuda-on-growing-square-enixs-global-empire |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129232157/http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-11-27-east-meets-west-yosuke-matsuda-on-growing-square-enixs-global-empire |archive-date=29 November 2017 |access-date=30 November 2017 |website=[[Eurogamer|GamesIndustry.biz]]}}</ref><ref name="TR2013sales"/> As of 2021, the series has sold over 85 million units worldwide.<ref name="sales21">{{Cite web |date=28 October 2021 |title=Rise of the Tomb Raider will be free for Prime members |url=https://www.vg247.com/rise-of-the-tomb-raider-pc-free-with-prime-november-1-14}}</ref> In addition to the games' success, the [[Lara Croft: Tomb Raider|2001 film adaptation]] grossed $275 million, making it the highest-grossing video game adaptation until being overtaken in 2010 by ''[[Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time (film)|Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time]]''.<ref name="LaraBoxoffice"/> Additionally, the first ''Tomb Raider'' comic book issue was the best-selling comic book of 1999<ref>{{cite web |title=Monthly Comics Sales > 1999 |url=https://www.comichron.com/monthlycomicssales/1999.html |website=Comichron}}</ref> and the 2001 film adaptation had the biggest opening weekend (US$47.7m) for an action film with a female lead since ''[[Aliens (film)|Aliens]]'' in 1986.<ref name="LaraBoxoffice"/>
Multiple video game journalists, including ''[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]''{{'}}s Crispin Boyer in 1997 and [[Eurogamer]]'s Martyn Carroll in 2008, have cited the series as a pioneer in the medium, both laying the foundations for and popularising action-adventure and platforming games. Carrol credited the series for bringing video gaming out into the cultural mainstream.<ref name="DigiHistory"/><ref name="EGMtr2"/><ref name="EuroRetro"/><ref name="1UPlara"/> In a different article, Eurogamer cited ''The Angel of Darkness'' as a pioneer of mixing different video game genres.<ref name="EuroPost"/> The public's reactions to the series over the years have conversely had a profound effect upon the series' direction and identity, as noted in a 2008 review of the series' history by ''[[Develop (UK magazine)|Develop]]''.<ref name="DevSeriesSummery"/> In 2006, ''Tomb Raider'' was voted one of Britain's top 10 designs in the Great British Design Quest organised by the [[BBC]] and the [[Design Museum]]. The game appeared in a list of British design icons which included [[Concorde]], [[Mini]], [[World Wide Web]], ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'', [[Red telephone box|K2 telephone box]], [[Tube map|London tube map]], [[AEC Routemaster]] bus, and the [[Supermarine Spitfire]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Long list unveiled for national vote on public's favourite example of Great British Design|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2006/01_january/27/culture.shtml|agency=BBC|date=18 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Concorde voted the UK's top icon|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/4814088.stm|agency=BBC|date=18 November 2016}}</ref> In 2020, ''Tomb Raider'' featured on a [[Great Britain commemorative stamps 2020–2029#2020|series of UK postage stamps]] issued by the [[Royal Mail]] to celebrate classic UK video games.<ref>{{cite news |title=From Worms to Tomb Raider: classic UK video games celebrated in new stamps |url=https://www.theguardian.com/games/2020/jan/07/worms-tomb-raider-classic-uk-video-games-stamps |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107131113/https://www.theguardian.com/games/2020/jan/07/worms-tomb-raider-classic-uk-video-games-stamps |archive-date=7 January 2020 |access-date=23 September 2022 |work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/51012498|title=Royal Mail stamps celebrate Tomb Raider and other classic video games|website=[[BBC]]|date=7 January 2020|accessdate=23 September 2022}}</ref>
The character of Lara Croft has similarly enjoyed popularity, standing out during her initial appearance in the male-dominated video game market, and continuing to stand out throughout the series' history.<ref name="DevSeriesSummery"/><ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="DigiHistory"/><ref name="EuroRetro"/><ref name="1UPlara"/><ref name="BBClara"/> After her debut in 1996, Lara Croft was featured on the front cover of British culture magazine ''[[The Face (magazine)|The Face]]'', a position previously held by real-life celebrities. She similarly was featured in Irish rock band [[U2]]'s [[PopMart Tour]].<ref name="dvd-doc"/><ref name="1UPlara"/> The character was inducted onto the [[Walk of Game]] in 2006,<ref name="WoGlara"/> and earned multiple mentions in the ''[[Guinness World Records]]'': she was recognised as the "most successful human video game heroine" in 2006, and earned six awards in 2010. As part of the latter honours, ''Guinness World Records'' editor Gaz Deaves said that the character "epitomises all that's great about video gaming".<ref name="GSguinness"/><ref name="TelGuinness"/> In an article for [[1UP.com]], Jeremy Parish said that Lara's sex appeal was the main draw for early fans, a facet Eidos exploited for marketing and attempted to emulate in other products. He cited other writers' statements that her popularity stemmed from player empathy with her ability to survive tough situations, alongside contrasting against weaker female characters such as [[Princess Peach]].<ref name="1UPlara"/> However, alongside this praise, she has divided opinion as to her character design and consequent sexuality: she is both hailed as an empowering figure for women and a negative role model due to her hyper-sexualized and unrealistic appearance.<ref name="dvd-doc"/>
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<ref name="TR8famPS3">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=10177|script-title=ja:トゥームレイダー：アンダーワールド (PS3)|magazine=[[Famitsu]]|access-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007000410/http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=10177|archive-date=7 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TR8famWii">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=659|script-title=ja:トゥームレイダー：アンダーワールド (Wii)|magazine=[[Famitsu]]|access-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211160122/http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=659|archive-date=11 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TR8famPS2">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=660|script-title=ja:トゥームレイダー：アンダーワールド (PS2)|magazine=[[Famitsu]]|access-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211232123/http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=660|archive-date=11 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TR8fam360">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=657|script-title=ja:トゥームレイダー：アンダーワールド (Xbox 360)|magazine=[[Famitsu]]|access-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211153007/http://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=657|archive-date=11 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TRjapan">{{cite web|url=http://dengekionline.com/pr/spike/tra/info.html|script-title=ja:電撃スパイク『トゥームレイダー: アニバーサリー』製品情報|website=[[ASCII Media Works|Dengeki Online]]|date=2007|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728194113/http://dengekionline.com/pr/spike/tra/info.html|archive-date=28 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TR9jp">{{cite web|url=http://www.jp.square-enix.com/company/ja/news/2013/html/e9dde3a043887bc5a16b5e59f7578184.html|script-title=ja:PlayStation 3/Xbox 360/Windows 対応「トゥームレイダー」 発売日・価格決定のお知らせ|website=[[Square Enix]]|date=4 February 2013|access-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808095624/http://www.jp.square-enix.com/company/ja/news/2013/html/e9dde3a043887bc5a16b5e59f7578184.html|archive-date=8 August 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="EuroGuardian">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/lara-croft-and-the-guardian-of-light-hands-on|title=Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light|author=Gibson, Ellie|website=[[Eurogamer]]|date=18 March 2010|access-date=9 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100604020513/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/lara-croft-and-the-guardian-of-light-hands-on|archive-date=4 June 2010|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="BlogOsiris">{{cite web|url=http://tombraider.tumblr.com/post/102970824095/lara-croft-and-the-temple-of-osiris-has-gone-gold|title=Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris Has Gone Gold|author=Gallagher, Darrell|work=Tomb Raider Blog on Tumblr|date=19 November 2014|access-date=11 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212000333/http://tombraider.tumblr.com/post/102970824095/lara-croft-and-the-temple-of-osiris-has-gone-gold|archive-date=12 February 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamaCompanies">{{cite web|url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/tomb-raider-and-the-genre-of-stealth|title=Tomb Raider and the Genre of Stealth|website=[[Gamasutra]]|date=11 October 2006|access-date=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919105727/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/130223/tomb_raider_and_the_genre_of_.php|archive-date=19 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TRLds">{{cite web|url=http://uk.ign.com/articles/2006/05/12/e3-2006-tomb-raider-legend|title=E3 2006: Tomb Raider: Legend|website=IGN|date=12 May 2006|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128212005/http://www.ign.com/articles/2006/05/12/e3-2006-tomb-raider-legend|archive-date=28 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="SQEXcroft">{{cite AV media|date=27 July 2015|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oY23IHKc8jA |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/oY23IHKc8jA| archive-date=11 December 2021 |url-status=live|title=Square Enix Presents E3 2015 Lara Croft: Relic Run – SEP E3 2015 Day 2 [#03]|medium=Video|access-date=29 July 2015|format=[[YouTube]]|publisher=[[Square Enix]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
<ref name="TRgbcGS">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/first-look-tomb-raider-on-gbc/1100-2440305/|title=First Look: Tomb Raider on GBC|author=Kennedy, Sam|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=22 December 1999|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128221551/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/first-look-tomb-raider-on-gbc/1100-2440305/|archive-date=28 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TRcurse">{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Game-Boy/Tomb-Raider-Curse-of-the-Sword-266285.html|title=Tomb Raider: Curse of the Sword|website=nintendo.com |publisher=[[Nintendo]]|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240527151035/https://www.webcitation.org/6dO2KF4u2?url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Game-Boy/Tomb-Raider-Curse-of-the-Sword-266285.html|archive-date=27 May 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LaraGoRelease">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/lara-croft-go-release-date-announced/1100-6429542/|title=Lara Croft Go Release Date Announced|author=Makuch, Eddie|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=6 August 2015|access-date=3 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203210308/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/lara-croft-go-release-date-announced/1100-6429542/|archive-date=3 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TRarcade">{{cite web|url=http://www.bandainamco-am.co.uk/machine-sales/video-games/tomb-raider/|title=Tomb Raider 120" – Bandai Namco Amusements UK|website=[[Bandai Namco Holdings|Bandai Namco Amusements]] UK|access-date=30 November 2018}}</ref>
<!-- Common elements -->
<ref name="DigiHistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/the-history-of-tomb-raider/|title=History of Tomb Raider: Shaking the Dust Off 17 Years of Lara Croft|author=Marshall, Rick|website=[[Digital Spy]]|date=9 March 2013|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626112009/http://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/the-history-of-tomb-raider/|archive-date=26 June 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GI-213">{{cite magazine | magazine = [[Game Informer]] | publisher = GameStop | title = Tomb Raider | author =Marie, Meagan | issue = 213 | date=January 2011 | pages = 42–51}}</ref>
<ref name="dvd-doc">{{cite video |people=[[Toby Gard|Gard, Toby]]; Smith, Jeremy Heath; [[Ian Livingstone|Livingstone, Ian]] (interviews); [[Keeley Hawes|Hawes, Keeley]] (narrator) |title=Unlock the Past: A Retrospective Tomb Raider Documentary |medium=Tomb Raider Anniversary Bonus DVD |publisher=[[Eidos Interactive]] / [[GameTap#GameTap TV|GameTap]] |date=2007}} Also known as ''Ten Years of Tomb Raider: A GameTap Retrospective''</ref>
<ref name="IGN-ManyLooks">{{cite web|url = http://uk.ign.com/articles/2008/11/17/the-many-looks-of-lara-croft-videogames|title = The Many Looks of Lara Croft: Videogames| website= IGN|date = 17 November 2008|author = Schedeen, Jesse|access-date = 17 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129100730/http://www.ign.com/articles/2008/11/17/the-many-looks-of-lara-croft-videogames|archive-date=29 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="PCGamer-166">{{Cite magazine | magazine = [[PC Gamer]] | publisher = [[Future plc|Future US]] | author = Staff | title = She's Had Work Done | page = 53 | issue = 166 | date=October 2007}}</ref>
<ref name="CVG-2008">{{Cite journal | journal = Computer and Video Games Presents | publisher = [[Future plc|Future Publishing]] | title = Is Tomb Raider in Deep Water? | pages = 20–29 | author = Staff | year = 2008 | issue = 3}}</ref>
<ref name="OPM-106">{{Cite magazine | magazine = [[Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine]] | publisher = [[Ziff Davis]] | title = Tomb Raider: Legend Review | page = 80 | issue = 106 | date=July 2006 | author = Nguyen, Thierry}}</ref>
<ref name="TRIIIguide">{{cite book |title=Tomb Raider III: The Adventures of Lara Croft Prima Strategy Guide |chapter= Introduction |author=Ward, Kip|publisher=Prima Games|page=2 |isbn=0-7615-1858-4 |date=October 1998}}</ref>
<ref name="TRLguide2">{{cite book |title=Lara Croft Tomb Raider Legend Complete Guide |chapter= Cast |author1=Daujam, Mathieu |author2=Price, James |publisher=Piggyback Interactive|page=171 |isbn=1-9035-1181-X |date=11 April 2006}}</ref>
<ref name="TRLguide3">{{cite book |title=Lara Croft Tomb Raider Legend Complete Guide |chapter= Cast |author1=Daujam, Mathieu |author2=Price, James |publisher=Piggyback Interactive|pages=180–181 |isbn=1-9035-1181-X |date=11 April 2006}}</ref>
<ref name="TRAguide">{{cite book |title=Lara Croft Tomb Raider: Anniversary Prima Strategy Guide |chapter= Introduction: Preparing for Tomb Raiding |author=Hodgeson, David|publisher=Prima Games|page=9 |isbn=978-0-7615-5886-6 |date=25 May 2007}}</ref>
<ref name="TRUguide">{{cite book |title=Tomb Raider: Underworld Complete Official Strategy Guide |chapter= Reconstruction |author=Hodgeson, David|publisher=Piggyback Interactive|pages=162–163 |isbn=978-0-7615-5886-6 |date=10 November 2008}}</ref>
<ref name="TRrebootGuide">{{cite book |title=Tomb Raider 2013 BradyGAMES Strategy Guide |chapter= Introduction |author1=Owen, Michael |author2=Sims, Kenny |publisher=BradyGAMES |pages=28–29 |isbn=978-0-7440-1453-2 |date=5 March 2013}}</ref>
<ref name="VirtSed-Games">{{Cite book| title = Lara Croft: The Art of Virtual Seduction| author = Cohen, Mark| publisher = [[Crown Publishing Group|Prima Publishing]]| isbn = 978-0-7615-2696-4| date = 24 April 2000| chapter = Tomb Raider| pages = [https://archive.org/details/laracroftartofvi00mark/page/122 122–123]| chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/laracroftartofvi00mark/page/122}}</ref>
<ref name="GIstory">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2015/02/09/raiders-of-the-lost-city-laras-search-for-immortality-.aspx|title=Raiders of the Lost Cities – Lara's Search for Immortality|author=Reeves, Ben|magazine=[[Game Informer]] |date=9 February 2015|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315041811/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2015/02/09/raiders-of-the-lost-city-laras-search-for-immortality-.aspx|archive-date=15 March 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Arcade-1">{{Cite journal | title = Lara Swings Again | journal = Arcade: The Videogame Magazine | issue = 1 | publisher = [[Future plc|Future Publishing]] | date=December 1998 | pages = 46–55 | author = Smith, Jonathan}}</ref>
<ref name="GS-History">{{cite web | url = http://www.gamespot.com/features/tombraider_hist/index.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090306100124/http://www.gamespot.com/features/tombraider_hist/index.html | archive-date = 6 March 2009 | title = GameSpot's History of Tomb Raider | website= [[GameSpot]] | author1=Blache, Fabian | author2=Fielder, Lauren | date = 31 October 2000 | access-date = 1 June 2010 | url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="IndeHawes">{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/gaming/keeley-hawes-on-playing-lara-croft-fans-of-the-game-are-some-of-the-nicest-people-ive-ever-met-9912209.html|title=Keeley Hawes on playing Lara Croft: 'fans of the game are some of the nicest people I've ever met'|author=Crookes, David|work=[[The Independent]] |date=9 December 2014|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419013539/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/gaming/keeley-hawes-on-playing-lara-croft-fans-of-the-game-are-some-of-the-nicest-people-ive-ever-met-9912209.html|archive-date=19 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamaGameplay">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/187601/untold_riches_the_intricate_.php|title=Untold Riches: The Intricate Platforming of Tomb Raider|author=Todd, Hamish|website=[[Gamasutra]]|date=1 March 2013|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909012757/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/187601/untold_riches_the_intricate_.php|archive-date=9 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="TRAODguide">{{cite web|url=http://cdn.akamai.steamstatic.com/steam/apps/225020/manuals/manual.pdf?t=1447081238|title=Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness PC Manual |website=cdn.akamai.steamstatic.com |publisher=[[Steam (service)|Steam]]|date=2003|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128191426/http://cdn.akamai.steamstatic.com/steam/apps/225020/manuals/manual.pdf?t=1447081238|archive-date=28 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Under-dvd-doc">{{cite video|title=Beneath the Surface: Tomb Raider Underworld|medium=Tomb Raider Underworld Limited Edition Bonus DVD |publisher=[[Eidos Interactive]]|date=2008}}</ref>
<ref name="GRanniversary">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamesradar.com/tomb-raider-anniversary-exclusive-look/|title=Tomb Raider: Anniversary – exclusive look|author=Towell, Justin|website=[[GamesRadar]]|date=12 March 2007|access-date=2 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208161403/http://www.gamesradar.com/tomb-raider-anniversary-exclusive-look/|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TombUncharted">{{cite web|url=http://www.vg247.com/2013/02/26/on-tomb-raider-and-appealing-to-the-uncharted-crowd/|title=On Tomb Raider and appealing to the Uncharted crowd |author=Cullen, Johnny |website=[[VG247]] |date=26 February 2013 |access-date=20 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929112856/http://www.vg247.com/2013/02/26/on-tomb-raider-and-appealing-to-the-uncharted-crowd/|archive-date=29 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="RoTgameplay">{{cite web|url=http://www.vg247.com/2015/02/03/rise-of-the-tomb-raider-xbox-one-xbox-360-3/|title=Rise of the Tomb Raider: more puzzles, weapon variety, environmental dangers|author=Nunneley, Stephany|website=[[VG247]]|date=3 February 2015|access-date=2 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923013552/http://www.vg247.com/2015/02/03/rise-of-the-tomb-raider-xbox-one-xbox-360-3/|archive-date=23 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<!-- Development -->
<ref name="EGMtr2">{{Cite magazine|magazine = [[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|publisher = EGM Media, LLC|author = Boyer, Crispin|title = Reinventing the Raider: The Evolution of Tomb Raider 2|pages = 82–96|issue = 98|date=September 1997}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20120220050716/http://www.laracroft.name/archive/97-12.php Transcript]</ref>
<ref name="EdgeMakingof">{{cite web|url=http://www.edge-online.com/features/making-tomb-raider-angel-darkness/|title=Making Of: Tomb Raider: The Angel Of Darkness|author=Edge Staff|website=[[Edge Online]]|date=17 January 2011|access-date=16 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531052922/http://www.edge-online.com/features/making-tomb-raider-angel-darkness/|archive-date=31 May 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="OPM-93">{{Cite magazine | magazine = [[Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine]] | publisher = [[Ziff Davis]] | author = Staff | title = Hype – Tomb Raider: Legend | pages = 54–55 | issue = 93 | date=June 2005}}</ref>
<ref name="GSlegends">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/spot-on-reviving-a-brand/1100-6147990/|title=Spot On: Reviving a Brand|author=Sinclair, Brendan|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=20 April 2006|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119075929/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/spot-on-reviving-a-brand/1100-6147990/|archive-date=19 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamaInterview">{{cite web | url = https://www.gamedeveloper.com/design/interview-with-toby-gard | title = Interview with Toby Gard | author = Jenkins, David | website= Gamasutra | date = 23 October 1998 | access-date = 11 February 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511164426/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/131700/interview_with_toby_gard.php | archive-date=11 May 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="BBCcroft">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/derbyshire/3112271.stm |title=Lara leaves UK |website=bbc.co.uk |publisher=BBC News |date=31 July 2003 |access-date=6 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118222623/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/derbyshire/3112271.stm|archive-date=18 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="PSM-77">{{Cite magazine | magazine = [[PlayStation: The Official Magazine|PlayStation Magazine]] | publisher = [[Future plc|US Imagine Publishing]] | author = Staff | title = The Next Tomb Raider | pages = 57–60 | issue = 77 | date=November 2003}}</ref>
<ref name="IGNretro">{{cite web|url=http://uk.ign.com/articles/2011/11/04/the-redemption-of-lara-croft|title=The Redemption of Lara Croft|first=Lauren|last=Wainwright|website=IGN|date= 4 November 2011|access-date=26 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510163937/http://retro.ign.com/articles/856/856183p1.html|archive-date=10 May 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ParaLara">{{cite magazine |author=Susman, Gary |url=https://ew.com/article/2003/07/29/game-blame-tomb-raider-2s-poor-opening/ |title=Blame Game |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=29 July 2003 |access-date=6 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921131320/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,471520,00.html|archive-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="AdInterview">{{cite web|url=http://www.adweek.com/socialtimes/lara-croft-relic-run-races-onto-mobile-interview/621025|title=Lara Croft: Relic Run Races onto Mobile [Interview]|author=Shaul, Brandy|work=[[Adweek]] |date=29 May 2015|access-date=29 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150718032324/http://www.adweek.com/socialtimes/lara-croft-relic-run-races-onto-mobile-interview/621025|archive-date=18 July 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="1UPlegend">{{cite web|url=http://www.1up.com/features/tomb-raider-legend|title=Tomb Raider: Legend – The Secrets Behind Lara's Triumphant Return|author=Sewart, Greg|website=[[1UP.com]]|date=12 September 2006|access-date=2 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208064127/http://www.1up.com/features/tomb-raider-legend|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="AnniversaryDev3">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/videos/tomb-raider-anniversary_dev-diary-5|title=Tomb Raider Anniversary – Dev Diary 5|website=[[Eurogamer]]|date=5 June 2007|access-date=3 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203123504/http://www.eurogamer.net/videos/tomb-raider-anniversary_dev-diary-5|archive-date=3 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GSreboot">{{cite news|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/tomb-raider-sales-fall-short-eidos-shares-plummet/1100-6202953/|title=Tomb Raider sales fall short, Eidos shares plummet|author=Walton, Mark|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=9 January 2009|access-date=6 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208143332/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/tomb-raider-sales-fall-short-eidos-shares-plummet/1100-6202953/|archive-date=8 December 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="DailyLara">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/video-game-news/9892998/Tomb-Raider-interview-The-rebirth-of-Lara-Croft.html|title=Tomb Raider interview: The rebirth of Lara Croft|author=Hoggins, Tom|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=25 February 2013|access-date=3 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306213320/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/video-game-news/9892998/Tomb-Raider-interview-The-rebirth-of-Lara-Croft.html|archive-date=6 March 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="EuroSequel">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-08-01-square-enix-confirms-next-gen-tomb-raider-sequel|title=Square Enix confirms next-gen Tomb Raider sequel|author=Phillips, Tom|website=[[Eurogamer]]|date=1 August 2013|access-date=2 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929095304/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-08-01-square-enix-confirms-next-gen-tomb-raider-sequel|archive-date=29 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="EuroTombs">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2015-02-17-rise-of-the-tomb-raider-puzzles-will-take-you-longer-to-solve-crystal-dynamics-promises|title=Rise of the Tomb Raider puzzles "will take you longer to solve", Crystal Dynamics promises|author=Phillips, Tom|website=[[Eurogamer]]|date=17 February 2015|access-date=3 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151101021424/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2015-02-17-rise-of-the-tomb-raider-puzzles-will-take-you-longer-to-solve-crystal-dynamics-promises|archive-date=1 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="DevGo">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.develop-online.net/interview/the-develop-post-mortem-lara-croft-go/0214095|title=The Develop Post-Mortem: Lara Croft GO|author=Batchelor, James|magazine=[[Develop (UK magazine)|Develop]] |date=24 November 2015|access-date=3 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125155613/http://www.develop-online.net/interview/the-develop-post-mortem-lara-croft-go/0214095|archive-date=25 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MCVeidos">{{cite web|url=http://www.mcvuk.com/news/read/square-completes-eidos-swoop|title=Square completes Eidos swoop|author=Parfitt, Ben|website=[[MCV (magazine)|MCV]] |date=27 March 2009|access-date=4 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204130824/http://www.mcvuk.com/news/read/square-completes-eidos-swoop|archive-date=4 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="JoySQEXeurope">{{cite web|url=http://www.joystiq.com/2009/11/10/goodbye-eidos-hello-square-enix-europe/|title=Goodbye Eidos, hello Square Enix Europe|author=Sliwinski, Alexander|website=Joystiq|date=10 November 2009|access-date=4 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127190624/http://www.joystiq.com/2009/11/10/goodbye-eidos-hello-square-enix-europe/|archive-date=27 January 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<!-- Music -->
<ref name="PlatformMcCree">{{cite web|url=http://platform-online.net/2013/11/interview-with-nathan-mccree/|title=Interview with: Nathan McCree|website=Platform Online|date=27 November 2013|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723235734/http://platform-online.net/2013/11/interview-with-nathan-mccree/|archive-date=23 July 2015|url-status=usurped}}</ref>
<ref name="VGMmccree">{{cite web|url=http://www.vgmonline.net/nathanmccreeinterview/|title=Nathan McCree Interview: 21 Years of Pioneering Game Audio|author=Greening, Chris|website=Video Game Music Online|date=7 December 2014|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714145035/http://www.vgmonline.net/nathanmccreeinterview/|archive-date=14 July 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="VGMOconnelly">{{cite web|url=http://www.vgmonline.net/peterconnellyinterview/|title=Interview with Peter Connelly|author=Greening, Chris|website=Video Game Music Online|date=October 2010|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903042853/http://www.squareenixmusic.com/features/interviews/peterconnelly.shtml|archive-date=3 September 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TRLguideMusic">{{cite book |title=Lara Croft Tomb Raider Legend Complete Guide |chapter=Behind the Scenes: Focus on: Music & Sound Effects |author1=Daujam, Mathieu |author2=Price, James |publisher=Piggyback Interactive|page=118 |isbn=1-9035-1181-X |date=11 April 2006}}</ref>
<ref name="TRUmusic">{{cite web|url=http://laracroft.name/archive/2008/crystal/TRU_podcast3.mp3|title=Tomb Raider Underworld: Podcast 3|website=laracroft.name |publisher=[[Crystal Dynamics]]|date=2008|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216022739/http://laracroft.name/archive/2008/crystal/TRU_podcast3.mp3|archive-date=16 December 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="GravesInfo1">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferbosier/2013/02/04/from-dead-space-3-to-tomb-raider-an-interview-with-jason-graves/|title=From 'Dead Space 3' to 'Tomb Raider:' An Interview with Jason Graves|author=Bosier, Jen|work=[[Forbes]] |date=4 February 2013|access-date=21 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629144759/http://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferbosier/2013/02/04/from-dead-space-3-to-tomb-raider-an-interview-with-jason-graves/|archive-date=29 June 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GravesInfo2">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamezone.com/originals/interview-talking-tomb-raider-s-soundtrack-with-jason-graves|title=Interview: Talking Tomb Raider's Soundtrack With Jason Graves|author=Workman, Robert|website=GameZone|date=9 March 2013|access-date=21 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121210755/http://www.gamezone.com/originals/interview-talking-tomb-raider-s-soundtrack-with-jason-graves|archive-date=21 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="RoTmusic">{{cite web|author=Greening, Chris|title=Assistant film composer promoted to lead role for Rise of the Tomb Raider|url=http://www.vgmonline.net/assistant-film-composer-promoted-to-lead-role-for-rise-of-the-tomb-raider/|website=Video Game Music Online|date=10 October 2015|access-date=12 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121175342/http://www.vgmonline.net/assistant-film-composer-promoted-to-lead-role-for-rise-of-the-tomb-raider/|archive-date=21 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LCgolMusic">{{cite web|url=http://forums.eidosgames.com/LCGoLpodcasts/Podcast2_Audio.mp3|title=Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light Podcast #2|date=2010|access-date=3 October 2010|format=mp3 |website=forums.eidosgames.com |publisher=[[Eidos Interactive]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418180020/http://forums.eidosgames.com/LCGoLpodcasts/Podcast2_Audio.mp3|archive-date=18 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LRosirisMusic">{{cite web|url=http://www.vgmonline.net/willrogetinterview/|title=Will Roget Interview: From Transcribing MIDIs to Scoring AAA Titles|author=Greening, Chris|website=Video Game Music Online|date=15 September 2014|access-date=30 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316202834/http://www.vgmonline.net/willrogetinterview/|archive-date=16 March 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<!-- Tech -->
<ref name="TRsecrets">{{cite book |title=Tomb Raider: Official Game Secrets |chapter=The Making of Tomb Raider |publisher=Prima Games |isbn=0-7615-0931-3 |date=December 1996 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/tombraidergamese00robe/page/105 105–106] |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/tombraidergamese00robe/page/105}} [http://www.tombraiderforums.com/showthread.php?t=82110 Translation]</ref>
<ref name="GDMpostmortem">{{cite magazine|author=Cooper, Riley|url=http://twvideo01.ubm-us.net/o1/vault/GD_Mag_Archives/GDM_August_2006.pdf|date=August 2006|title=Reestablishing an Icon: The Peaks and Pitfalls of Tomb Raider: Legend|magazine=[[Game Developer (magazine)|Game Developer]]|volume=13|number=7|pages=24–28|publisher=[[UBM TechWeb]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315102726/http://twvideo01.ubm-us.net/o1/vault/GD_Mag_Archives/GDM_August_2006.pdf|archive-date=15 March 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamaUnderPost">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/132511/postmortem_crystal_dynamics_tomb_.php|title=Postmortem: Crystal Dynamics' Tomb Raider: Underworld|author=Lindstrom, Eric|website=[[Gamasutra]]|date=2 September 2009|access-date=22 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119142057/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/132511/postmortem_crystal_dynamics_tomb_.php|archive-date=19 November 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="GSlastrev1">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.co.uk/pc.gamespot/features/tlr_uk/|title=Preview: Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=12 November 1999|access-date=23 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000823051723/http://www.gamespot.co.uk/pc.gamespot/features/tlr_uk/|archive-date=23 August 2000|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="GSlastrev2">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.co.uk/pc.gamespot/features/tlr_uk/06.html|title=PC Gaming World Interview: Adrian Smith|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=12 November 1999|access-date=23 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001001163228/http://www.gamespot.co.uk/pc.gamespot/features/tlr_uk/06.html|archive-date=1 October 2000|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="TR3engine">{{cite web|url=http://uk.ign.com/articles/1998/11/04/tomb-talk|title=Tomb Talk|website=IGN|date=3 November 1998|access-date=25 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990505211408/http://pc.ign.com/news/5553.html|archive-date=5 May 1999|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GSchronicles">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.co.uk/interviews/2000/09/165-asmith.html|title=Adrian Smith On The Tomb Raider Chronicles|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=12 September 2000|access-date=25 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001209162000/http://www.gamespot.co.uk/interviews/2000/09/165-asmith.html|archive-date=9 December 2000|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="ShackEngine">{{cite web|url=http://www.shacknews.com/article/50146/deus-ex-3-uses-tomb|title=Deus Ex 3 Uses Tomb Raider Engine; Next Tomb Raider Game Rumored|author=Faylor, Chris|website=[[Shacknews]]|date=30 November 2007|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108204742/http://www.shacknews.com/article/50146/deus-ex-3-uses-tomb|archive-date=8 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="AnniversaryEngine">{{cite web|url=http://uk.pc.gamespy.com/pc/tomb-raider-10th-anniversary-edition-/742598p1.html|title=A New Tomb Raider is Due Next Year|website=[[GameSpy]]|date=30 October 2006|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131011014559/http://uk.pc.gamespy.com/pc/tomb-raider-10th-anniversary-edition-/742598p1.html|archive-date=11 October 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="UnderEngine">{{cite web|url=http://www.videogamer.com/xbox360/tomb_raider_underworld/preview-745.html|title=Tomb Raider: Underworld Interview|author=Orry, Tom|date=1 February 2008|website=VideoGamer.com|access-date=26 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017103611/http://www.videogamer.com/xbox360/tomb_raider_underworld/preview-745.html|archive-date=17 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="GuardMotion">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/23/tomb.raider.underworld.lara.croft|title=Tomb Raider Underworld: Lara Croft is looking and moving better than ever|author=Boxer, Steve|work=[[The Guardian]] |date=23 September 2008|access-date=1 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201211026/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/23/tomb.raider.underworld.lara.croft|archive-date=1 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GImotion">{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Game Informer]]|title=Tomb Raider: Lara Croft Reborn|author=Marie, Meagan|page=42|publisher=[[GameStop]]|issue=213|date=January 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="RebootEngine">{{cite web|url=http://tombraider.tumblr.com/post/48395861416/gdc-recap-horizon-and-beyond-a-look-into-tomb|title=[GDC RECAP] Horizon and Beyond: A Look into Tomb Raider's Tools|work=Tomb Raider Blog on Tumblr|author=Yao, Jason|date=19 April 2013|access-date=1 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123035013/http://tombraider.tumblr.com/post/48395861416/gdc-recap-horizon-and-beyond-a-look-into-tomb|archive-date=23 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="RoTengine">{{cite web|url=http://segmentnext.com/2015/10/21/rise-of-the-tomb-raider-engine-is-called-foundation-not-horizon/|title=Rise of the Tomb Raider Engine is Called Foundation, Not Horizon|author=Mahmood, Sikandar|website=SegmentNext|date=21 October 2015|access-date=1 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201212537/http://segmentnext.com/2015/10/21/rise-of-the-tomb-raider-engine-is-called-foundation-not-horizon/|archive-date=1 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TombHair">{{cite web |url=http://www.videogamer.com/xboxone/rise_of_the_tomb_raider/news/crystal_dynamics_talks_improved_hair_tech_in_rise_of_the_tomb_raider.html|title=Crystal Dynamics talks improved hair tech in Rise of the Tomb Raider|author=Scammell, David|website=VideoGamer.com|date=8 July 2015|access-date=1 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908080055/http://www.videogamer.com/xboxone/rise_of_the_tomb_raider/news/crystal_dynamics_talks_improved_hair_tech_in_rise_of_the_tomb_raider.html|archive-date=8 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<!-- Cultural impact -->
<ref name="RollingStone">{{cite magazine|last1=Weber|first1=Rachel|title=Why Lara Croft, 'Tomb Raider' Heroine and Gaming Icon, Matters More Than Ever|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/lara-croft-turns-20-why-tomb-raider-gaming-icon-matters-w446693|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=13 March 2018|date=25 October 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="WOW247">{{cite web|last1=Nelson|first1=Alex|title=Rise of the Tomb Raider: How Lara Croft Redefined the Gaming Landscape|url=http://www.wow247.co.uk/2015/11/05/tomb-raider-how-lara-croft-redefined-gaming/|website=WOW247|publisher=[[Johnston Press]]|access-date=13 March 2018|date=5 November 2015}}</ref>
<ref name="EW">{{cite magazine|last1=Morales|first1=Aaron|title=20 Years of 'Tomb Raider'|url=http://ew.com/gallery/tomb-raider-anniversary/the-best-of-tomb-raider|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|access-date=13 March 2018|date=14 October 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="TR2013sales">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2015-04-06-tomb-raider-reboot-has-sold-8-5m-copies|title=Tomb Raider reboot has sold 8.5m copies|author=Matulef, Jeffrey|website=[[Eurogamer]]|date=6 April 2015|access-date=6 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023237/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2015-04-06-tomb-raider-reboot-has-sold-8-5m-copies|archive-date=17 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="1UPlara">{{cite web|url=http://www.1up.com/features/lara-croft-reinvention-video-game|title=Lara Croft and the Reinvention of Game Heroes|author=Parish, Jeremy|website=[[1UP.com]]|date=22 October 2011|access-date=2 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208052758/http://www.1up.com/features/lara-croft-reinvention-video-game|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="WoGlara">{{cite web|url=http://www.walkofgame.com/inductees/inductees.html|title=2006 Walk of Game Inductees|website=[[Walk of Game]]|date=2006|access-date = 20 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080702165340/http://www.walkofgame.com/inductees/inductees.html|archive-date=2 July 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="EuroPost">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2014-10-12-the-fans-who-would-fix-tomb-raiders-most-broken-adventure|title=The fans who would fix Tomb Raider's most broken adventure|author=Moss, Richard|website=[[Eurogamer]]|date=12 October 2014|access-date=13 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203220243/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2014-10-12-the-fans-who-would-fix-tomb-raiders-most-broken-adventure|archive-date=3 February 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LaraBoxoffice">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/prince-of-persia-surpasses-lara-croft-2010650.html|title='Prince of Persia' surpasses 'Lara Croft'|work=[[The Independent]] |date=18 September 2011|access-date=5 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226021150/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/prince-of-persia-surpasses-lara-croft-2010650.html|archive-date=26 February 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GSguinness">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/lara-croft-earns-guinness-world-record/1100-6147291/|title=Lara Croft earns Guinness World Record|author=Cocker, Guy|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=7 April 2006|access-date=5 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151205193059/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/lara-croft-earns-guinness-world-record/1100-6147291/|archive-date=5 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TelGuinness">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/7037574/Lara-Croft-picks-up-six-Guinness-world-records.html|title=Lara Croft picks up six Guinness world records|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=21 June 2010|access-date=5 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929070446/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/7037574/Lara-Croft-picks-up-six-Guinness-world-records.html|archive-date=29 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="EuroRetro">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/tomb-raider-retrospective-article|title=Tomb Raider Retrospective|author=Carrol, Martyn|website=[[Eurogamer]]|date=19 November 2008|access-date=5 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208072757/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/tomb-raider-retrospective-article|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="BBClara">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-27824701|title=Why does sexism persist in the video games industry?|author=Gittleson, Kim |work=BBC News|date=13 June 2014|access-date=5 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227130152/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-27824701|archive-date=27 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
== Further reading ==
* {{Cite web |last=Stafford |first=Patrick |date=19 July 2017 |title=Why the man who oversaw Tomb Raider turned his back on games |url=https://www.polygon.com/features/2017/7/19/15924004/why-the-man-who-oversaw-tomb-raider-turned-his-back-on-games |website=Polygon}}
==External links==
{{Wikiquote|Tomb Raider (series)|Tomb Raider}}
{{Commons category}}
* {{official website|http://tombraider.com/}}
{{Core Design}}
{{Embracer Group}}
{{Visual Works}}
{{Authority control}}
[[
[[Category:Video game franchises]]
[[Category:Novels based on video games]]
[[Category:Embracer Group franchises]]
[[Category:Lost world video games]]
[[Category:Video games featuring female protagonists]]
[[Category:Video games adapted into films]]
[[Category:Video games adapted into novels]]
[[Category:Video games adapted into comics]]
[[Category:Video games adapted into television shows]]
[[Category:Video game franchises introduced in 1996]]
[[Category:Video game trilogies]]
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