Edward Ord: differenze tra le versioni

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{{Infobox militare

{{WIP open|Jalo|traducendo questa voce}}

{{Infobox militare

|Nome = Edward Otho Cresap Ord

|Immagine = Eord.jpg

Riga 10 ⟶ 9:

|Morto_a = [[L'Avana]]

|Cause_della_morte =

|Luogo_di_sepoltura = [[Cimitero nazionale di Arlington]]

|Etnia = <!-- solo se enciclopedica -->

|Religione = <!-- solo se enciclopedica -->

|Nazione_servita = [[Stati{{USA}} Uniti d'America]]<br/>([[Unione (guerra di secessione americana)|Unione]])

|Forza_armata = [[Union Army]]

|Arma =

Riga 21 ⟶ 20:

|Reparto =

|Anni_di_servizio = 1839 - 1881

|Grado = [[File:Union army maj gen rank insignia.jpg|35px]] [[Maggior generale]]

|Ferite =

|Comandanti =

|Guerre = [[Guerre Seminole]]<br />[[Guerra di secessione americana]]<br />[[Guerre indiane]]

|Campagne =

|Battaglie =

|Comandante_di = XIII Corpo<br />XVIII Corpo<br />XXIV Corpo<br />[[Armata del James]]

|Decorazioni =

|Studi_militari =

Riga 39 ⟶ 38:

}}

{{Bio

|Nome = Edward Otho Cresap

|Titolo =

|Nome = Edward Otho Cresap

|Cognome = Ord

|PostCognome =

|ForzaOrdinamento =

|Sesso = M

|LuogoNascita = Cumberland

|LuogoNascitaLink = Cumberland (Maryland)

|GiornoMeseNascita = 18 ottobre

|AnnoNascita = 1818

|LuogoMorte = L'Avana

|GiornoMeseMorte = 22 luglio

|LuogoMorteLink =

|GiornoMeseMorte = 22 luglio

|AnnoMorte = 1883

|Attività = generale

|Nazionalità = statunitense

|PostNazionalità = che partecipò alle [[guerre Seminole]], alle [[guerre indiane]] ed alla [[guerra di secessione americana]]

|Immagine =

|Didascalia =

|FineIncipit =

|Categorie =

}}

Comandò un esrcitoesercito nella fase finale della guerra di secessione, americana e fu fondamentale nella resa del generale [[Confederate States Army|Confederatoconfederato]] [[Robert Edward Lee]]. Progettò la costruzione di [[Fort Sam Houston]]. Morì a [[L'Avana]], Cuba, a causa della [[febbre gialla]].

== Gioventù e carriera ==

Ord wasnacque born ina [[Cumberland, (Maryland)]], the son ofda James ande Rebecca Ord. FamilySecondo traditionla madetradizione familiare James Ord thesarebbe illegitimateun sonfiglio ofillegittimo di [[GeorgeGiorgio IV ofdel EnglandRegno Unito]] ande di [[Maria Fitzherbert]],<ref>I Georgetown University Archives includingcontengono a Xerox copy of aun manuscriptmanoscritto entitledintitolato "History of James Ord as related by himself with other facts collected by his sons" anded auna copycopia ofdi aun privately[[pamphlet]] printedprivato pamphlet entitled,intitolato "Memoranda Concerning James Ord who died January 25, 1873 by his granddaughter Mary Ord Preston 1896", originalpubblicazione publicationoriginale innella biblioteca della Georgetown University Library, Special Collections, call numbernumero 90A469.</ref> butma heè seemspiù likelyprobabile toche havefosse beenfiglio the son ofdi Ralph Ord, whobattezzato was baptised ata Wapping, Middlesex, innel 1757, thefiglio son ofdi John Ord, a [[factor (agent)]] fromdi Berwick-upon-Tweed.<ref>Anthony J. Camp, ''Royal mistresses and bastards: fact and fiction 1714-1936'' (LondonLondra, 2007) ISBN 978-0-9503308-2-2, pp. 149-153.</ref> HeFu wasconsiderato consideredun agenio mathematicalmatematico geniuse andfu wasiscritto appointed to thealla [[United States Military Academy]] bydal [[PresidentPresidente ofdegli theStati UnitedUniti Statesd'America|Presidentpresidente]] [[Andrew Jackson]]. HisIl roommatesuo atcompagno di stanza a [[United States Military Academy|West Point]] wasfu il futurefuturo generalgenerale [[William T.Tecumseh Sherman]]. HeSi graduatedlaureò innel 1839 ande wasfu commissionedassegnato acome [[second lieutenant#United States|second lieutenantsottotenente]] inal the3º 3rd U.Sartiglieria. Artillery.Combatté la He[[Guerra foughtseminole in(1835-1842)|seconda the [[Secondguerra Seminole War]] in Florida ande wasfu promoted topromosso [[first lieutenant#United States|first lieutenanttenente]].

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Ord was born in [[Cumberland, Maryland]], the son of James and Rebecca Ord. Family tradition made James Ord the illegitimate son of [[George IV of England]] and [[Maria Fitzherbert]]<ref>Georgetown University Archives including a Xerox copy of a manuscript entitled "History of James Ord as related by himself with other facts collected by his sons" and a copy of a privately printed pamphlet entitled, "Memoranda Concerning James Ord who died January 25, 1873 by his granddaughter Mary Ord Preston 1896" original publication in Georgetown University Library, Special Collections, call number 90A469.</ref> but he seems likely to have been the son of Ralph Ord, who was baptised at Wapping, Middlesex, in 1757, the son of John Ord, a [[factor (agent)]] from Berwick-upon-Tweed.<ref>Anthony J. Camp, ''Royal mistresses and bastards: fact and fiction 1714-1936'' (London, 2007) ISBN 978-0-9503308-2-2, pp. 149-153.</ref> He was considered a mathematical genius and was appointed to the [[United States Military Academy]] by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Andrew Jackson]]. His roommate at [[United States Military Academy|West Point]] was future general [[William T. Sherman]]. He graduated in 1839 and was commissioned a [[second lieutenant#United States|second lieutenant]] in the 3rd U.S. Artillery. He fought in the [[Second Seminole War]] in Florida and was promoted to [[first lieutenant#United States|first lieutenant]].

InNel Januarygennaio 1847, hesalpò sailed on the steamshipsulla ''Lexington'' arounde circumnavigò [[Capecapo Horn]] withcon [[Henry Halleck]] ande William Sherman. Giunse He arrived ina [[Monterey, California]], anded assumedassunse commandil ofcomando Batterydella batteria F, 3rd3º U.S. Artilleryartiglieria, withcon ordersl'ordine todi completecompletare la costruzione di Fort Mervine (atnel thepunto sitein ofcui thegli formerspagnoli Spanishavevano un ''presidio''), whichpoi wasrinominato renamedin Fort Halleck. ItsLa constructionsua wascostruzione superintendedfu bycomandata Lieutenantdal tenente Ord ande hisdal secondsuo secondo in commandcomando, Lieutenantil tenente Sherman. On FebruaryIl 17, febbraio 1865, thela fortezza prese fortil wasnome renameddi Ord Barracks. (ItOggi isè nowconosciuta knowncol againnome byoriginale its original name,thedi [[Presidio ofdi Monterey]].)

[[File:General Edward O C Ord and His Family.png|thumb|right|Edward O. C. Ord ande hisla family.sua famiglia]]

Ord wassi trovava in [[California]] whenquando theiniziò la [[CaliforniaCorsa Goldall'oro Rushcaliforniana|goldcorsa rushall'oro]] began, withcon la itsconseguente resultantesplosione skyrocketingdei pricesprezzi. SinceDato theirche militaryil salariessalario nomilitare longernon coveredpermetteva livingdi expensesvivere, Ord'sil commandercomandante suggesteddi thatOrd thesuggerì youngeragli officersufficiali takepiù ongiovani otherdi jobsassumersi toaltri supplementlavori theirper income.aumentarsi lo Instipendio. theNell'autunno fall ofdel 1848, Ord ande Sherman, in the employimpiegati ofdi [[John Augustus Sutter, Jr.Junior]], assistedaiutarono Captainil capitano William H. Warner ofnel thesopralluogo U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the survey ofdi [[Sacramento, (California)|Sacramento]], helpingaiutando toa producedisegnare thela mapmappa thatche establisheddefinì theil futuresistema capitalstradale city's extensivedella downtownfutura streetcapitale gridstatale. Ord alsodisegnò producedanche auna mapmappa ofdel thedistretto Gold and Quicksilver district ofdella California dateddatata July25 25,luglio 1848. In Later,seguito gli ufficiali di [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] officialsebbero neededbisogno todi haveun asopralluogo surveysu ofterre thepubbliche publicper landspoterle in order to sell themvendere, anded Ord wasfu hired as the surveyorassunto. He choseScelse [[William Rich Hutton]] as his assistant, andcome togetherassistente theed twoinsieme mappedmapparono Los Angeles ina Julyluglio ande Augustagosto del 1849. ThanksGrazie toai theloro effortssforzi ofgli thesestorici twohanno men,un'ottima historiansvisuale havedi acome fairlyappariva good view of what theil [[Pueblo de Los Angeles]] lookeda likemetà atdel theXIX middlesecolo. ofIl the 19th century. Lieutenanttenente Ord surveyedcontrollò theil pueblo anded hisil assistantsuo aiutante Hutton sketchedfece manymolti scenesschizzi ofe thedisegnò pueblola andprima drewmappa thea firstpartire mapdal fromsopralluogo di Ord's survey.<ref>Marschner 2000, p. 49</ref> TheI Los Angeles City Archives hascontengono thela originalmappa maporiginale produceddisegnata byda Hutton fromsu Ord'sindicazioni surveydi Ord. Ord wasvenne paidpagato $3000 for hisdollari workper onil thissuo surveylavoro.

Ord wasfu promotedpromosso tocapitano [[Captainnel (United1850 States)|captain]]mentre inera 1850,al whileservizio servingnel inPacifico the [[Pacific Northwest]]nordoccidentale. He marriedSposò Mary Mercer Thompson on Octoberil 14, ottobre 1854, ande theyda eventuallylei hadebbe thirteentredici childrenfigli. OneUno ofdei theirfigli notablepiù childrenfamosi wasfu [[Jules Garesche Ord]], whoucciso wasin killedbattaglia indopo actionaver afterraggiunto reachingla thecima top ofdi [[San Juan Hill (Cuba)|San Juan Hill]] ina Cuba. HeFu wasl'ufficiale theche officerordinò whoe startedguidò andla ledcarica the charge whichcon Teddy Roosevelt followedal seguito. AnotherUn altro wasfu [[Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II]], whoanch'egli wasmaggiore also adello [[United States Army]] [[Majorche (Unitedfece States)|Major]]parte whodel served22º withfanteria thedurante [[22nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|22nd Infantry Regiment]] during thele [[Indianguerre Warsindiane]], thela [[Spanish–Americanguerra Warispano-americana]] ande thela [[Philippine-Americanguerra Warfilippino-americana]]. HeFu wasanche also a painterpittore, inventorinventore ande poetpoeta. Il The sonfiglio ofdi Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II ande grandsonnipote ofdi Edward Ord wasfu [[James Garesche Ord]], whocomandante commandeddel the28º [[28thfanteria Infantrye Divisionpresidente (Uniteddella States)|28thdifesa Infantrycongiunta Division]] and was Chairman of the Joint U.S.statunitense-Brazilbrasiliana Defense Commission innella [[Worldseconda Warguerra IImondiale]].

InNel 1859, whilementre attendingfrequentava artilleryla schoolscuola atdi artiglieria di [[Fort Monroe, Virginia]], Ord wasfu summonedconvocato bydal [[UnitedSegretario Statesalla SecretaryGuerra ofdegli WarStati Uniti d'America|SecretarySegretario ofalla WarGuerra]] [[John B.Buchanan Floyd]] toper calmare le razzie quelldi [[John Brown (abolitionistattivista)|John Brown]]'s raidnei onconfronti thedell'arsenale federale di [[HarpersHarper's Ferry]] Federal arsenal. However,Il [[Colonel (United States)|Col.]]colonnello [[Robert E.Edward Lee]] reachedraggiunse Harpersper Ferryprimo first,Harper's andFerry Colonel Leee telegraphedtelegrafò toal Captaincapitano Ord thatche thela situationsituazione wasera undersotto controlcontrollo, andper cui Ord anded hisi mensuoi woulduomini notnon beerano needed at Harpers Ferrynecessari. TheyGli werefu instructedchiesto todi haltfermarsi ata [[Fort McHenry]] ina [[Baltimore, Maryland|BaltimoreBaltimora]].

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== Guerra di secessione ==

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[[File:Edward Ord - Brady-Handy.jpg|thumb|Edward Ord]]

AtAllo thescoppio outbreakdella ofguerra thedi Civilsecessione War in Aprilnell'aprile 1861, Ord wasera in servingservizio ascome Captaincapitano ofdella Batterybatteria C, 3rd3º U.S. Artilleryartiglieria, anded alsoera asa postcapo commander at the U.S. Army'sdi [[Fort Vancouver]] innel Washington[[territorio Territorydi Washington]]. On MayIl 7, maggio 1861, Ord ledguidò twodue companiescompagnie ofdel the3º 3rdartiglieria Artillery fromda Fort Vancouver toa San Francisco. AfterDopo relocatingessersi totrasferito thead eastest, il primo incarico di Ord's firstfu assignmentda wascomandante as adi [[brigadebrigata]] commandernelle in[[riserve thedella [[Pennsylvania Reserves]]. InCon thisloro capacity,partecipò he figured prominently in thealla [[Battlebattaglia ofdi Dranesville]] in the fall ofnell'autunno 1861.

OnIl May3 3,maggio 1862, Ord wasfu promotedpromosso toal thegrado rankdi ofmaggior [[Majorgenerale generaldei (United States)|major general]] of volunteersvolontari ande, afterdopo brieflyun serving inbreve theservizio Departmentdel ofdipartimento thedi Rappahannock, wasfu assignedmeso commandal ofcomando thedella 2nd2ª Division of thedivisione dell'[[ArmyArmata of thedel Tennessee]]. Maj.Il Gen.maggior generale [[Ulysses S.Simpson Grant]] sentmandò Ord withcon aun detachmentdistaccamento ofdi twodue divisionsdivisioni alonged withil Maj.maggior Gen.generale [[William S.Starke Rosecrans]]'s forces toad interceptintercettare [[Sterling Price]] atnella thecittà town ofdi [[Iuka, (Mississippi)|Iuka]]. DueA tocausa adi possibleuna possibile [[acousticombra shadowacustica]] le forze di Ord's forcesnon werefurono nevermai engagedimpiegate andin battaglia e Rosecrans foughtcombatté alone.da solo. Ord likewisesi missedperse theanche fightingil atcombattimento a [[SecondSeconda Battlebattaglia ofdi Corinth|Corinth]] butma engagedaffrontò thei ConfederateConfederati forcesdurante inla theirloro retreatritirata at thenella [[Battlebattaglia ofdi Hatchie's Bridge]]. ThereQui hefu wasgravemente seriouslyferito woundede anddovette hadlasciare toil leavecomando field command only for aper shortbreve timetempo. WhenQuando Grant relievedprese Maj.il Gen.posto di [[John A.Alexander McClernand]] fromal his commandcomando, Ord wasfu convenientlymesso situateda tocapo assumedel command of the [[XIII Corps (ACW)|XIII Corps]] during theCorpo finalnegli daysultimi ofgiorni thedella [[Siegebattaglia ofdi Vicksburg]].

AfterDopo thela fallcaduta ofdi Vicksburg, Ord remainedrimase inal commandcomando of thedel XIII CorpsCorpo in thenel [[Department ofdipartimento thedel GulfGolfo]]. InNel 1864, hefu wastrasferito transferreddi backnuovo to thenel [[Easternteatro Theaterorientale ofdella theguerra Americandi Civilsecessione Waramericana|Easternteatro Theaterorientale]] toal assumecomando commanddel of the [[XVIII Corps (ACW)|XVIII Corps]]Corpo. His forces were present duringPartecipò thealla [[Battlebattaglia ofdel the Cratercratere]] butma didsenza notprendere activelyattivamente participateparte in theal fightingconflitto. InNell'autunno the fall ofdel 1864 hefu wasgravemente seriouslyferito woundednell'assalto in the attack ona [[Battlebattaglia ofdi Chaffin's Farm|Fort Harrison]] ande didnon nottornò returnin toazione actionprima untildel Januarygennaio 1865.

InNel Marchmarzo 1865, duringdurante auno prisonerscambio exchangeprigionieri in Virginia, Ord spokeparlò con withil Confederategenerale GeneralConfederato [[James Longstreet]]. Durante Duringla theirconversazione conversation,uscì thel'argomento subjectdei ofnegoziati peacedi talks came uppace. Ord suggestedsuggerì that acome firstprimo steppasso mightun beincontro fortra Lee ande Grant to have a meeting. General Longstreet carriedne thisparlò ideaal back to Generalgenerale Lee, whoil wrotequale toscrisse a Grant aboutriguardo thealla possibilitypossibilità ofdi auna "militaryconvenzione conventionmilitare" inper thepoter interesttrovare ofquella finding whatche Lee calleddefinì "a satisfactoryuna adjustmentsoddisfacente ofsistemazione thedelle presentattuali unhappyinfelici difficultiesdifficoltà". Grant forwardedgirò la proposta di Lee's proposalal to Presidentpresidente [[Abraham Lincoln]], with a request forchiedendo instructionsistruzioni. InAlla the end,fine Lincoln directedconvinse Grant toa declinerinunciare allad suchogni offersofferta unlessdiversa itdalla wasresa fordell'esercito the explicit purpose of accepting the surrender ofdi Lee's army.<ref>TheLe carte di Abraham Lincoln Papersnella atBiblioteca thedel Library of CongressCongresso - Da Ulysses S. Grant toa Edwin M. Stanton, March 3, marzo 1865 (Telegramtelegramma concerningriguardante negotiationsi negoziati con Lee)</ref>

with Lee)</ref>

ItFu wasallora, atnella thisprimavera timedel 1865, duringche thela springcarriera ofdi 1865,Ord thatraggiunse Ordl's career peakedapice. HeFu wasmesso assigned commanda of thecapo dell'[[ArmyArmata of thedel James]] duringdurante thela [[campagna di Appomattox Campaign]]. Maj.Gli Gen.uomini del maggior generale [[John Gibbon]]'s corpscomandati ofda Ord's armygiocarono playedun aruolo significantimportante role in thenello [[Battleterza ofbattaglia di Petersburg III|breakthroughsfondamento ata Petersburg]]. On AprilIl 9, heaprile ledguidò auna forcedmarcia marchforzata toalla [[Appomattox Court House]] toper relievesostituire Maj.la Gen.cavalleria del generale [[Philip H.Henry Sheridan]]'s [[cavalry]] anded forceobbligare Lee's surrenderalla resa. GeneralIl generale Sherman saiddisse that heche "hadaveva alwayssempre understoodcapito thatle capacità [di Ord's] skillful, hardla marchdura themarcia nightdella beforenotte wasprima onefu ofuna thedelle chiefcause causesprincipali ofdella resa di Lee's surrender"."<ref name=ANC>[http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/ecoord.htm Arlington National Cemetery]</ref>

GeneralIl generale Ord wasfu presente presentalla atcasa thedi McLean house whenquando Lee surrenderedsi arrese, ande isviene oftenspesso picturedraffigurato innei paintingsdipinti ofdi this eventquell'evento. WhenQuando thela surrendercerimonia ceremonydi wasresa completefu completata, Ord purchasedacquistò as aun souvenir, forper $40 dollari, theil marble-toppedtavolo tablecon atpiano whichin Leemarmo hada satcui sedeva Lee. ItSi nowtrova residesoggi innella thesala Chicagodella Historicalguerra Society'scivile Civildella WarChicago RoomHistorical Society.

AfterDopo l'assassinio di [[Abraham Lincoln]]'s assassinationil on14 April 14,aprile 1865, manymolti in the Northnordisti, includingcompreso [[Ulysses S.Simpson Grant]], wantedvolevano strongpunire retributiongli onstati the Southern statesmeridionali. Grant called uponconvocò Ord toper findcapire outse ifla thecospirazione assassinationsi conspiracyestendesse extended beyondoltre [[Washington, D.C.]]. Ord'sLe investigationricerche determineddi theOrd Confederateportarono governmenta wascapire notche involvedil withgoverno theConfederato assassinationnon plot.era Thiscoinvolto helpedcon greatlyil topiano quench the call foromicida. revengeQuesto onpermise thedi formersmorzare Confederatele statesrichieste anddi peoplevendetta.<ref>{{cite bookCita libro|lastcognome=Catton|firstnome=Bruce|titletitolo=Grant Takes Command|pagesurl=475–480https://archive.org/details/granttakescomman00catt|pp=[https://archive.org/details/granttakescomman00catt/page/475 475]–480|yearanno=1969}}</ref>

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==Dopo la guerra==

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[[File:Grave of Brigadier General Edward Ord - Arlington National Cemetery - 2012-05-19.jpg|thumb|left|Grave of Edward Ord in [[Arlington National Cemetery]].]]

During [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]], Ord was assigned by [[Lieutenant general (United States)|Lt. Gen.]] [[Ulysses S. Grant]] to command the Army of Occupation, headquartered at [[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]]. Subsequently, he was assigned to the [[Department of the Ohio]] until he was mustered out of the volunteers in September 1866. On December 11, 1865, he received the commissions of [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|lieutenant colonel]] and [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general]] in the [[Regular Army (United States)|regular army]] for the Battle of Hatchie's Bridge and brevet [[Major general (United States)|major general]] of volunteers for the assault of Fort Harrison, all dating from March 13, 1865. Subsequently, he commanded the [[Department of Arkansas]] (1866–67), the [[Fourth Military District]] (1867-68), and the [[Department of California]] (1868–71).

== Dopo la guerra ==

Ord commanded the [[Department of the Platte]] from December 11, 1871, until April 11, 1875, when he was reassigned as the commander of the [[Department of Texas]]. He served in that role until his retirement on December 6, 1880. While he was stationed in Texas, he supervised the construction of [[Fort Sam Houston]].

[[File:Grave of Brigadier General Edward Ord - Arlington National Cemetery - 2012-05-19.jpg|thumb|left|GraveTomba ofdi Edward Ord innel [[Arlingtoncimitero Nationalnazionale Cemeterydi Arlington]].]]

Durante la [[Era della Ricostruzione|Ricostruzione]] Ord fu messo da Ulysses S. Grant a capo dell'Armata d'Occupazione, acquartierata a [[Richmond (Virginia)|Richmond]]. In seguito fece parte del [[dipartimento dell'Ohio]] finché non uscì dai volontari nel settembre 1866. L'11 dicembre 1865 divenne [[tenente colonnello]] e [[generale di brigata]] dell'[[esercito regolare]] per la battaglia di Hatchie's Bridge e brevetto [[maggior generale]] dei volontari nell'assalto a Fort Harrison, entrambi del 13 marzo 1865. In seguito comandò il [[dipartimento dell'Arkansas]] (1866–1867), il [[quarto distretto militare]] (1867-1868) ed il [[dipartimento della California]] (1868–1871).

In January 1872, Ord was a member of the buffalo hunting excursion with the [[Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia]] on the plains of southwest [[Nebraska]] with American celebrities of the day. They included [[Philip Sheridan]] (second in command of the United States Army), Lt. Col. [[George Armstrong Custer]], [[Buffalo Bill Cody]], [[Wild Bill Hickock]], and [[Texas Jack Omohundro]].

Ord comandò [[dipartimento del Platte]] dall'11 dicembre 1871 all'11 aprile 1875, quando diede le dimissioni e divenne comandante del [[dipartimento del Texas]]. Vi rimase fino al congedo nel 6 dicembre 1880. Mentre si trovava in Texas supervisionò la costruzione di [[Fort Sam Houston]].

Ord retired from the army in 1881 with the rank of brevet major general, and at this time, General Sherman wrote of him, "He has had all the hard knocks of service, and never was on soft or fancy duty. He has always been called on when hard duty was expected, and never flinched."<ref name=ANC/>

Nel gennaio 1872 Ord fece parte dell'escursione di caccia al bisonte con [[Aleksej Aleksandrovič Romanov]] nelle pianure del [[Nebraska]] sudoccidentale con alcune celebrità statunitensi del tempo. Tra loro vi furono [[Philip Henry Sheridan]] (secondo in comando dello United States Army), [[George Armstrong Custer]], [[Buffalo Bill]], [[Wild Bill Hickok]] e [[Texas Jack Omohundro]].

Una volta congedato dall'esercito nel 1881 col grado di brevetto maggior generale, Il generale Sherman scrisse di lui: "Ha patito tutte le sofferenze del servizio, e non ha mai avuto compiti agevoli. È sempre stato chiamato dove il suo duro lavoro era richiesto, e non si è mai rifiutato".<ref name=ANC/>

Later inNel 1881, Ord acceptedaccettò anun appointmentincarico with thedella Mexican Southern Railroad, owned bydi U. S. Grant ande [[JayJason Gould]], ase ada [[civilIngegneria engineeringcivile|civilingegnere engineercivile]] tocostruì builduna a railroadlinea lineferroviaria fromdal Texas toa [[MexicoCittà del CityMessico]].

WhileMentre workingsi trovava in Mexico,Messico Ordcontrasse contractedla [[yellowfebbre fevergialla]]. HeSi becameammalò seriouslygravemente sickdurante whileil onviaggio hisda wayVeracruz from Vera Cruz toa New York. HeFu wasfatto takensbarcare ashore ata [[Havana, CubaL'Avana]], wheredove hemorì diedla insera thedel evening22 ofluglio July 221883, 1883.e Onil the occasion of his death, Generalgenerale Sherman saiddisse: of"Da Ord, "Assuo hisstretto intimatecollaboratore associatefin sinceda boyhoodragazzo, theil Generalqui herepresente bearsgenerale testimonypuò oftestimoniare himche thatun auomo morepiù unselfishaltruista, manlyvirile, ande patriottico patrioticnon personè nevermai livednato".<ref name=ANC/> HeFu issepolto buried innel [[Arlingtoncimitero Nationalnazionale Cemeterydi Arlington]];. La tomba di Ord's gravesi istrova locateda justpochi feetmetri fromdal [[Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial|memoriale al generale Lee]].

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==Retaggio==

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*Well before his death, the [[Southern Pacific Transportation Company|Southern Pacific Railroad]] named a station in California, along its now-abandoned [[Colusa, California|Colusa]] Branch, '''[[Ordbend, California|Ordbend]]''' as recognition of the nearby Ord Ranch, owned in the 1850s by Ord and two of his brothers.<ref name=CPN>{{cite book | last = Gudde | first = Erwin G. | title = California Place Names | publisher = [[University of California Press]] | year = 1949 | ___location = Berkeley, California | page = 244}}</ref>

*The former [[Fort Ord]] in [[Monterey County, California]], was named for him.

*[[Ord, Nebraska]], was named in his honor while he was serving as commander of the Department of the Platte.<ref>{{cite book | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=InM_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA140#v=onepage&q&f=false | title=History of Hamilton and Clay Counties, Nebraska, Volume 1 | publisher=S.J. Clarke Publishing Company | author=Burr, George L. | year=1921 | pages=140}}</ref>

*Peaks named '''Mount Ord''' in [[Brewster County, Texas]] and [[Mount Ord (Gila County, Arizona)|Gila County, Arizona]] are named for him.<ref name=GNIS>{{cite web | title = Mount Ord, FID:1342086 | work = Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) | publisher = [[United States Geological Survey|U.S. Geological Survey]] | date = 1979-11-30 | url = http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:1342086 | accessdate = 2008-11-29}}</ref>

*There is a bronze statue of Ord at [[Vicksburg National Military Park]].

*There is a bust of Ord on display in the foyer of the [http://police.csumb.edu University Police Department] at [[California State University, Monterey Bay]], in Seaside, California.

*There is a statue of Ord at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia.

*There is a bust of Ord at [[Grant's Tomb]] in New York City depicting him as one of five ([[William T. Sherman|Sherman]], [[George H. Thomas|Thomas]], [[James B. McPherson|McPherson]], [[Philip H. Sheridan|Sheridan]], and Ord) sentinels watching over the tomb of President Ulysses S. Grant.

*There is a street in [[Chinatown, Los Angeles, California]] that is named after him called Ord Street.

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==Note==

{{references}}

==Bibliografia Retaggio ==

Ben prima della sua morte la [[Southern Pacific Railroad]] chiamò una stazione in California, lungo l'ormai abbandonata linea di [[Colusa (California)|Colusa]], ''[[Ordbend (California)|Ordbend]]'' in onore del vicino ranch di Ord, posseduto negli anni 1850 da Ord e da due suoi fratelli.<ref name=CPN>{{Cita libro|cognome= Gudde |nome= Erwin G. |titolo= California Place Names |editore= University of California Press |anno= 1949 |città= Berkeley, California |p= 244}}</ref>. L'ex [[Fort Ord]] nella [[contea di Monterey]] porta il suo nome. [[Ord (Nebraska)]] prese il suo nome mentre era comandante del dipartimento del Platte.<ref>{{Cita libro|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=InM_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA140#v=onepage&q&f=false |titolo=History of Hamilton and Clay Counties, Nebraska, Volume 1 |editore=S.J. Clarke Publishing Company |autore=Burr, George L. |anno=1921 |p=140}}</ref>

*Cody, William Frederick, ''An autobiography of Buffalo Bill (COLONEL W.F. CODY)'', Cosmopolitan Book Corporation, 1920.

*Cresap, Joseph Ord, and Cresap, Bernarr, ''The History of the Cresaps'', The Cresap Society, McComb, Mississippi, 1937.

*PeaksI named '''Mount Ord''' innella [[Brewstercontea County,di TexasBrewster]] anded in quella di [[Mountcontea Orddi (Gila County, Arizona)|Gila County, Arizona]] aresono nameddedicati fora himlui.<ref name=GNIS>{{citeCita web | title titolo= Mount Ord, FID:1342086 | work sito= Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) | publisher editore= [[United States Geological Survey|U.S. Geological Survey]] |data= date30 =novembre 1979-11-30 | url = http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:1342086 |accesso= accessdate29 =novembre 2008-11-29}}</ref>

C'è una statua di bronzo di Ord nel [[parco nazionale militare di Vicksburg]], ed un suo busto nel [[foyer]] del dipartimento di polizia della [[California State University (Monterey Bay)|California State University]], a Seaside, California. Una sua statua si trova nel [[cimitero nazionale di Arlington]] in Virginia ed un busto presso la [[General Grant National Memorial|tomba di Grant]] a New York City lo raffigurano come una delle cinque sentinelle che vegliano sulla tomba del presidente Ulysses S. Grant (assieme a [[William Tecumseh Sherman|Sherman]], [[George H. Thomas|Thomas]], [[James B. McPherson|McPherson]], [[Philip Henry Sheridan|Sheridan]]).

== Note ==

{{<references}}/>

== Bibliografia ==

* Cody, William Frederick, ''An autobiography of Buffalo Bill (COLONEL W.F. CODY)'', Cosmopolitan Book Corporation, 1920.

* Cresap, Joseph Ord, and Cresap, Bernarr, ''The History of the Cresaps'', The Cresap Society, McComb, Mississippi, 1937.

* Eicher, John H., e Eicher, David J., ''Civil War High Commands'', Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.

* Flood, Charles Bracelen, ''Grant and Sherman: The Friendship That Won the Civil War'', Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2005, ISBN 0-374-16600-5, page 285.

* Marschner, Janice, ''California 1850: A Snapshot in Time'', Coleman Ranch Press, 2000 ISBN 0-9677069-3-9

* Ord, Edward Otho Cresap IV, ''American Civil War Society, Inc., Company Dispatch, agosto/settembre 2005, Official newsletter of the American Civil War Society'', pag. 5.

*[ {{cita web|http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/ecoord.htm |Arlington National Cemetery website, Biography of Edward Otho Cresap Ord]}}

*[ {{cita web |url=http://csumb.edu/site/x12651.xml |titolo=Fort Ord Alumni Association] |accesso=30 giugno 2014 |urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20060914220516/http://csumb.edu/site/x12651.xml |urlmorto=sì }}

* [http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/usmchist/59harper.txt ''The United States Marines at Harpers Ferry, 1859''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216002120/http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/usmchist/59harper.txt |date=16 febbraio 2008 }}, U.S. Marine Corps Historical Reference Series, numero 10, Historical Branch, G-3 Division, Headquarters, U. S. Marine Corps, Washington, D. C., rivista nel 1962.

*[ {{cita web |url=http://www.rootsweb.com/~neresour/andreas/military/military-p8.html#deplatte |titolo=History of the Department of the Platte] |accesso=30 giugno 2014 |urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20050209174418/http://www.rootsweb.com/~neresour/andreas/military/military-p8.html#deplatte |urlmorto=sì }}

*[http {{cita web|https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/OO/for1.html for01|Handbook of Texas Online]}}

*[ {{cita web |url=http://faculty.css.edu/mkelsey/usgrant/souvenir.html |titolo=Souvenirs of the surrender at Appomattox] |accesso=30 giugno 2014 |urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20060911085530/http://faculty.css.edu/mkelsey/usgrant/souvenir.html |urlmorto=sì }}

== Voci correlate ==

==Altri progetti==

* [[Generali dell'Unione (guerra di secessione americana)]]

{{interprogetto|commons=Category:Edward Otho Cresap Ord}}

* [[Memoriali e monumenti unionisti]]

== Altri progetti ==

{{interprogetto}}

{{Box successione

|carica = [[Armata del James|Comandante dell'Armata del James]]

|immagine =

|periodo = 8 gennaio 1865 - 1º agosto 1865

|precedente = [[Benjamin Butler]]

|successivo = Nessuno

}}

{{PersGuerraSecessione}}

{{controllo di autorità}}

{{portalePortale|biografie|guerra}}

{{portale|biografie}}

[[Categoria:Personalità del vecchio West]]

[[Categoria:PersonalitàUfficiali della guerra civile americanaunionisti]]

[[Categoria:Sepolti nel Cimitero nazionale di Arlington]]