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{{short description|Achievement of three consecutive sporting feats}}
{{Other uses|Hat trick (disambiguation)}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
A '''hat-trick''' or '''hat trick''' is the achievement of a generally positive feat three times in a match, or another achievement based on the number three.<ref>{{cite web |title=hat trick |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/hat-trick |website=dictionary.cambridge.org |publisher=[[Cambridge Dictionary]] |access-date=1 August 2021 |language=en |archive-date=6 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306080751/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/hat-trick |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Origin==
The term first appeared in 1858 in [[cricket]], to describe [[H. H. Stephenson]] taking three [[Wicket#Dismissing a batsman|wickets]] with three consecutive [[delivery (cricket)|deliveries]]. Fans held a collection for Stephenson, and presented him with a hat bought with the proceeds.<ref>''Extended Oxford English Dictionary'' 1999 Edition : "It came into use after HH Stephenson took three wickets in three balls for the all-England eleven against the twenty-two of Hallam at the Hyde Park ground, Sheffield in 1858. A collection was held for Stephenson (as was customary for outstanding feats by professionals) and he was presented with a cap or hat bought with the proceeds."</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=hat-trick |url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/hat-trick |access-date=July 27, 2023 |website=Oxford Learner's Dictionaries}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hutchinson |first=Sean |date=2014-04-24 |title=Where Does the Phrase 'Hat Trick' Come From? |url=https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/56326/where-does-phrase-hat-trick-come |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=Mental Floss |language=en-US}}</ref> The term was used in print for the first time in 1865 in the [[Essex Chronicle|''Chelmsford Chronicle'']].<ref>A report of a match between Grays and Romford in {{closed access}} {{cite book |title=The Chelmsford Chronicle |url=http://find.galegroup.com/bncn/infomark.do?serQuery=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29:FQE=%28JX%2CNone%2C22%29%22Chelmsford%20Chronicle%22%24&queryType=PH&type=pubIssues&prodId=BNCN&version=1.0&source=library |date=23 June 1865 |oclc=866859233 |id={{OCLC|17645885|702688846|42349342}} |quote=Mr Biddell...with his second ball bowled the Romford leviathan Mr Beauchamp and afterwards effected the hat-trick by getting three wickets in the over. |url-access=subscription |last1=Messner |first1=Reinhold | publisher=Executive Excellence Pub. |access-date=27 March 2017 |archive-date=28 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328021059/http://find.galegroup.com/bncn/infomark.do?serQuery=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29:FQE=%28JX%2CNone%2C22%29%22Chelmsford%20Chronicle%22%24&queryType=PH&type=pubIssues&prodId=BNCN&version=1.0&source=library |url-status=live }}</ref>{{non primary source needed|date=July 2021}} The term was eventually adopted by many other sports including [[hockey]], [[association football]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Why is it called a hat-trick? - Pelé youngest in World Cup, Pontikas youngest ever|url=https://vimbuzz.com/why-is-it-called-a-hat-trick/|publisher=vimbuzz.com|date=18 December 2022|author=|access-date=1 April 2023|archive-date=1 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401071429/https://vimbuzz.com/why-is-it-called-a-hat-trick/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Formula 1]] racing, rugby, and [[water polo]].
==
===Bat and ball games===
==== Baseball ====
In the past, the term was occasionally used to describe when a player [[strikeout|struck out]] three times in a baseball game, and the term ''[[golden sombrero]]'' was more commonly used when a player struck out four times in a game.
In recent years, hat trick has been more often used to describe when a player hits three [[home run]]s in a game.
For example, on 29 August 2015, [[Toronto Blue Jays]] fans celebrated [[Edwin Encarnación]]'s third home run of the game by throwing hats onto the field, similar to the tradition in ice hockey.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/mlb-big-league-stew/hat-trick--edwin-encarnacion-hits-three-homers--drives-in-nine-in-jays-win-202735441.html|title=Hat trick! Edwin Encarnación hits three homers, drives in nine in Jays win|date=29 August 2015|work=Yahoo! Sports|access-date=14 January 2017|archive-date=6 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406112116/https://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/mlb-big-league-stew/hat-trick--edwin-encarnacion-hits-three-homers--drives-in-nine-in-jays-win-202735441.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
==
{{main|Hat-trick (cricket)}}
A hat-trick occurs in cricket when an individual bowler [[Dismissal (cricket)|takes three wickets]] with consecutive [[Delivery (cricket)|deliveries]] in the same match.
=== Football codes ===
==== Association football ====
{{See also|Lists of hat-tricks|List of footballers who achieved hat-trick records|List of FIFA Club World Cup hat-tricks|List of FIFA World Cup hat-tricks}}
A hat-trick<ref>{{cite web |author=Uwakwe Benson |date=3 December 2022 |title=What do they do with hats after a hat-trick |url=https://www.thetimes.com.ng/2022/12/what-do-they-do-with-hats-after-a-hat-trick/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330065910/https://www.thetimes.com.ng/2022/12/what-do-they-do-with-hats-after-a-hat-trick/ |archive-date=30 March 2023 |access-date=30 March 2023 |work=The Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author= |date=August 2022 |title=What Is a Hat-Trick in Football and How Common Are They? - Records by Helmchen, Bican, Pantelic, Lucijanic, Pontikas and Pelé |url=https://footballcollective.org.uk/terminology/hat-trick/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522214752/https://footballcollective.org.uk/terminology/hat-trick/ |archive-date=22 May 2023 |access-date=30 March 2023 |publisher=footballcollective.org.uk}}</ref> occurs in [[association football]] when a player scores three [[Scoring in association football|goals]] (not necessarily consecutive) in a single game,<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=14 April 2023 |title=What Is A Hat Trick In Soccer? : In-depth Guide |url=https://readsoccer.com/what-is-a-hat-trick-in-soccer-in-depth-guide/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417042429/https://readsoccer.com/what-is-a-hat-trick-in-soccer-in-depth-guide/ |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=17 April 2023 |publisher=readsoccer.com}}</ref> whereas scoring two goals (in a single match) is called a '''brace'''<!--redirect target-->.<ref>[http://www.soccer-training-info.com/soccer_definitions.asp Soccer Definitions & Slang Terms] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915000039/http://www.soccer-training-info.com/soccer_definitions.asp|date=15 September 2018}} soccer-training-info.com</ref><ref>[https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/brace "Brace" means two of a kind or a pair of something] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216142247/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/brace|date=16 February 2017}} Harper Collins</ref> In common with other official record-keeping rules, all goals scored during the regulation 90 minutes, plus extra time if required, are counted but goals in a [[penalty shootout (association football)|penalty shootout]] are excluded from the tally.<ref>Kicks from the penalty mark (aka penalty shootout) do not form part of the match. {{cite web |author=IFAB |author-link=International Football Association Board |date=July 2009 |title=Laws of the Game 2009/2010 |url=https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/federation/81/42/36/lawsofthegameen.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710202515/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/federation/81/42/36/lawsofthegameen.pdf |archive-date=10 July 2009 |access-date=9 April 2010 |publisher=[[FIFA]] |page=130 |___location=Zürich}}</ref> The fastest recorded time to score a hat-trick is 70 seconds, a record set by Alex Torr in a [[Sunday league football|Sunday league]] game in 2013.<ref>{{cite web |author=Steve White |date=3 May 2013 |title=Sunday league footballer scores hat-trick in record-breaking 70 seconds |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/sunday-league-footballer-scores-hat-trick-1868201 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721072933/http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/sunday-league-footballer-scores-hat-trick-1868201 |archive-date=21 July 2015 |access-date=6 July 2015 |work=mirror}}</ref> The previous record of 90 seconds was held by [[Tommy Ross (footballer)|Tommy Ross]] playing for [[Ross County F.C.|Ross County]] against [[Nairn County F.C.|Nairn County]] on 28 November 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fastest time to score a hat-trick, Football |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/fastest-time-to-score-a-hat-trick-football/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916015745/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/fastest-time-to-score-a-hat-trick-football |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=18 August 2011 |publisher=Guinness World Records}}</ref> The record of the youngest player ever to score a hat-trick<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=1 September 2023 |title=Youngest Players in History to Score a Hat-Trick |url=https://urdusport.com/youngest-players-in-history-to-score-a-hat-trick/ |publisher=www.urdusport.com}}</ref> was set by [[Ntinos Pontikas]] in 1996,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 June 2021 |title=The magical feeling of a hat-trick: from McDougall, Bican and Pelé to Lucijanic, Siri and Pontikas |url=https://90soccer.com/the-magical-feeling-of-a-hat-trick/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409014651/https://90soccer.com/the-magical-feeling-of-a-hat-trick/ |archive-date=9 April 2022 |access-date=21 June 2021 |publisher=90soccer.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 March 2021 |title=Ntinos Pontikas, the Greek Freddy Adu |url=https://ashflowersports.com/2021/03/06/ntinos-pontikas-the-greek-freddy-adu/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182016/https://ashflowersports.com/2021/03/06/ntinos-pontikas-the-greek-freddy-adu/ |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=6 March 2021 |publisher=ashflowersports.com}}</ref> while [[Pelé]] in 1958 became the youngest to achieve a hat-trick in the [[FIFA World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History of the World Cup: 1958 – A star is born in Pele |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/1958-world-cup-pele-a-star-is-born/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807064435/https://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/1958-world-cup-pele-a-star-is-born/ |archive-date=7 August 2018 |access-date=9 June 2018 |publisher=sportsnet}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Ben Green |date=30 December 2022 |title=Pele's legendary career told in numbers: Just how good was Brazil's emblematic forward? |url=https://www.squawka.com/en/pele-legendary-career-in-numbers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206135520/https://www.squawka.com/en/pele-legendary-career-in-numbers/ |archive-date=6 February 2023 |access-date=30 March 2023 |publisher=www.squawka.com}}</ref>
{{Quote box
| quote = After just 18 months and 17 days, the book on the greatest hat-trick of the 21st century was already closed.
| source = — Rob Smyth of ''The Guardian'' on [[Rivaldo]]’s hat-trick for [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] against [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] in June 2001.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Joy of Six: classiest hat-tricks |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/sep/11/newsstory.sport9 |access-date=22 August 2014 |work=The Guardian |archive-date=22 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222114637/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/sep/11/newsstory.sport9 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| align = right
| quoted = 1
| width = 27%
}}
The first hat-trick<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=1 August 2023 |title=Which Footballer Has Scored the Most Hat-Tricks? |url=https://www.bookiesignupoffers.com/2023/08/01/which-footballer-has-scored-the-most-hat-tricks/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817204408/https://www.bookiesignupoffers.com/2023/08/01/which-footballer-has-scored-the-most-hat-tricks/ |archive-date=17 August 2023}}</ref> achieved in an international game was by Scottish player [[John McDougall (footballer, born 1853)|John McDougall]], against [[England national football team|England]] on 2 March 1878.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tabless/scot-intres1880.html Scotland – International Matches 1872–1880] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921034248/http://www.rsssf.com/tabless/scot-intres1880.html|date=21 September 2011}} [[Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation]]. Retrieved 11 September 2015.</ref> German [[Erwin Helmchen]] scored 141 official hat-tricks in his career with [[Pelé]] having 92.<ref>[https://topsoccerblog.com/football-players-with-most-hattricks/ 10 Players with the most hat tricks in history - Topsoccer.com]</ref> [[United States men's national soccer team|American]] player [[Bert Patenaude]] scored the first hat-trick in the FIFA World Cup, against [[Paraguay national football team|Paraguay]] in the [[1930 FIFA World Cup|inaugural event]] in 1930. Three hat-tricks have been scored in a [[List of FIFA World Cup finals|World Cup final]]: by [[Geoff Hurst]] for [[England national football team|England]] in the [[1966 FIFA World Cup Final|1966 final]] against [[West Germany national football team|West Germany]],<ref>{{cite news |date=30 July 1966 |title=On This Day 30 July – 1966: Football glory for England |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/30/newsid_2644000/2644065.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307005913/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/30/newsid_2644000/2644065.stm |archive-date=7 March 2008 |access-date=18 August 2011 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> by [[Carli Lloyd]] for the [[United States women's national soccer team|USA]] against [[Japan women's national football team|Japan]] in the [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup Final|2015 Women's World Cup final]] and by [[Kylian Mbappé]] for [[France national football team|France]] in the [[2022 FIFA World Cup Final|2022 final]] against [[Argentina national football team|Argentina]].<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=18 December 2022 |title=Kylian Mbappe historic World Cup hat trick: France star becomes second player to nab three goals in FIFA championship |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/soccer/news/kylian-mbappe-world-cup-hat-trick-france-fifa/kaejk3kkhhdk1yhxmi0qzg5s |publisher=www.sportingnews.com}}</ref> Lloyd's was, at 16 minutes, the fastest from kick-off in any World Cup match. However, the fastest World Cup hat-trick, as measured by time between goals, belongs to [[Fabienne Humm]] of [[Switzerland women's national football team|Switzerland]], who scored in the 47th, 49th and 52nd minutes against [[Ecuador women's national football team|Ecuador]] in the 2015 group stage.<ref>{{cite news |date=13 June 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 2015: Fabienne Humm scores fastest World Cup hat-trick |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/33120582 |access-date=30 March 2018 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref>
Traditionally, a player who scores a hat-trick is allowed to keep the match ball as a memento.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turner |first=Georgina |date=2004-01-28 |title=The knowledge: Who gets the match ball? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/jan/28/theknowledge.sport |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625185546/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/jan/28/theknowledge.sport |archive-date=25 June 2018 |access-date=2018-06-25 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref>
===== Perfect hat-trick =====
Football has also extended the term, with a '''perfect hat-trick''' being when a player scores one right-footed goal, one left-footed goal and one headed goal within one match.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20639621 Michel Platini: Uefa chief has his critics but is used to success] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222172222/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20639621|date=22 December 2015}}, Ben Smith, 9 December 2012</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31679560 Alberto Bueno scored four La Liga goals in ..16 .. minutes ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924222024/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31679560|date=24 September 2015}}, BBC News, 28 February 2015</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Perfect Hat Trick | meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/perfect-hat-trick |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603043948/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/perfect-hat-trick |archive-date=3 June 2019 |access-date=3 October 2019}}</ref>
===== Flawless hat-trick =====
In Germany and Austria, the term ''({{langx|de|'''lupenreiner'''}}) Hattrick'' ('''''flawless hat-trick''''') refers to when a player scores three goals in a row in one half without the half-time break or a goal scored by another player interrupting the performance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Woodward |first=Hamish |date=2021-06-07 |title=What is a Brace in Soccer? And Other Interesting Football Terminology |url=https://atletifo.com/football/what-is-a-brace-in-soccer-and-other-interesting-football-terminology/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607091754/https://atletifo.com/football/what-is-a-brace-in-soccer-and-other-interesting-football-terminology/ |archive-date=7 June 2021 |access-date=2021-06-07 |website=Atletifo Sports |language=en-US |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Patrik Schick, Harry Kane, Robert Lewandowski and players to score a perfect hat-trick in the Bundesliga |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/perfect-hat-trick-left-right-foot-header-kane-schick-lewandowski-29860 |website=[[Bundesliga]] |language=en |date=2024-11-27}}</ref>
==== Gaelic football ====
In [[Gaelic football]], a hat-trick can refer to [[Scoring in Gaelic games|goals ''or'' to points scored]].
[[Eoin Liston]] scored a second-half hat-trick in the [[1978 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final]].<ref>[[Martin Breheny|Breheny, Martin]]. "Martin Breheny's Greatest All-Ireland Finals". ''[[Irish Independent]]''. 1 September 2018, p. 11.</ref>
[[Michael Quinlivan]] scored a second-half hat-trick against Armagh in the final game of the [[2017 National Football League (Ireland)|2017 National Football League]] to secure [[Promotion and relegation|promotion]] to Division 2 for Tipperary.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/gaelic-football/for-the-love-of-club-county-and-football-why-tipperarys-star-forward-came-home-39830151.html|title=For the love of club, county and football – why Tipperary's star forward came home|work=[[Sunday Independent (Ireland)|Sunday Independent]]|first=Dermot|last=Crowe|date=6 December 2020|access-date=9 December 2020|archive-date=6 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206095327/https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/gaelic-football/for-the-love-of-club-county-and-football-why-tipperarys-star-forward-came-home-39830151.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/gaa/arid-20446812.html Michael Quinlivan heroics against Armagh sees Tipperary promoted] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730111159/https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/gaa/arid-20446812.html |date=30 July 2021 }} ''[[Irish Examiner]]''</ref>
[[Jack McCaffrey]]'s total of 1–3 in the [[2019 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final]] (drawn game) involved a "classic hat-trick" of points, sent over the bar with fist and both feet.<ref>{{cite news|first=Frank|last=Roche|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/gaelic-football/frank-roche-dart-from-clontarf-arrives-on-time-for-blues-final-destination-38496391.html|title='Dart from Clontarf' arrives on time for Blues' final destination|work=[[Sunday Independent (Ireland)|Sunday Independent]]|date=14 September 2019|access-date=14 September 2019|quote=We had the classic hat-trick of points - via fist, left foot and right.|archive-date=8 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200908003841/https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/gaelic-football/frank-roche-dart-from-clontarf-arrives-on-time-for-blues-final-destination-38496391.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Cillian O'Connor]]'s four goals (accompanied by nine points) in the [[2020 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship]] semi-final at [[Croke Park]] broke the 5–3 record set by [[Johnny Joyce (Gaelic footballer)|Johnny Joyce]] of Dublin in 1960 and matched with 3–9 by [[Rory Gallagher (Gaelic footballer)|Rory Gallagher]] of Fermanagh in 2002 for the highest individual scorer in any championship football match.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sportsjoe.ie/gaa/cillian-oconnor-record-breaker-tipperary-fairytale-ends-221290|title=Cillian O'Connor the record-breaker as Tipperary fairytale ends|publisher=[[Joe (website)|Joe]]|date=6 December 2020|access-date=9 December 2020|archive-date=9 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209011614/https://www.sportsjoe.ie/gaa/cillian-oconnor-record-breaker-tipperary-fairytale-ends-221290|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hoganstand.com/Mayo/article/index/314621|title=O'Connor breaks All-Ireland scoring record with 4–9|work=[[Hogan Stand]]|date=6 December 2020|access-date=9 December 2020|archive-date=9 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209012643/https://hoganstand.com/Mayo/article/index/314621|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[David Clifford]] scored a hat-trick against Galway in the opening round of the [[2021 National Football League (Ireland)|2021 National Football League]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/gaa/2021/0515/1221868-i-dont-know-where-that-came-from-clifford/|title='I don't know where that came from' – Clifford coy on stunning finish for hat-trick|publisher=RTÉ|date=16 May 2021|access-date=21 May 2021|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521043512/https://www.rte.ie/sport/gaa/2021/0515/1221868-i-dont-know-where-that-came-from-clifford/|url-status=live}}</ref>
==== Gridiron football ====
The term hat-trick is only occasionally used in [[gridiron football]], usually for rhetorical flourish in [[sports journalism|sports writing]]. Usually an offensive player scoring three [[touchdowns]] in a single game is awarded a hat-trick.
Additionally, the term is applied to a defensive player, often an [[edge rusher]], who in a single [[down (gridiron football)|scrimmage play]] performs a [[quarterback sack|sack]] which causes the quarterback to [[fumble]], and then recovers that fumble.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://wildcatbluenation.com/2021/11/10/former-kentucky-football-star-josh-allen/|title=Kentucky Football: Former Wildcat Josh Allen honored for rare NFL hat-trick|publisher=Fansided|date=10 Nov 2021|access-date=10 Nov 2021|archive-date=10 Nov 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110174628/https://wildcatbluenation.com/2021/11/10/former-kentucky-football-star-josh-allen/|url-status=live}}</ref>
==== Rugby football ====
{{See also|List of Rugby World Cup hat-tricks|List of Rugby League World Cup hat-tricks}}
In both codes of [[rugby football]] ([[rugby union]] and [[rugby league]]) a hat-trick is when a player scores three or more [[Try (rugby)|tries]] in a game. In rugby union, a related concept is that of a "full house" (scoring a try, [[Try (rugby)|conversion]], [[penalty (rugby)|penalty goal]], and [[drop goal]]) in a single game. When a player scores two tries, this is often referred to as a '''brace'''. As with association football, it is common to award the match ball to a player who scores a hat-trick.
[[Ken Irvine]], [[Frank Burge]], and [[Alex Johnston (rugby league)|Alex Johnston]] have scored 16 hat-tricks in Australian first grade rugby league.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rugby League Tables / Scoring Records |url=http://afltables.com/rl/scorers/misc.html#mht |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714020249/http://afltables.com/rl/scorers/misc.html#mht |archive-date=14 July 2015 |access-date=6 July 2015 |work=afltables.com}}</ref>
[[Shaun Johnson]] scored a hat-trick in under 6 minutes against the [[Canberra Raiders]] in 2013, and in the [[2017 Rugby League World Cup]], [[Valentine Holmes]] scored a double hat-trick (6 tries) against Fiji.
=== Handball ===
In [[handball]], if a player scores thrice in a game, a hat-trick is made.
===Hockey===
[[File:Ovechkin hat-trick (February 7, 2010).jpg|thumb|right|Hats on the [[Capital One Arena|Verizon Center]] ice after [[Alexander Ovechkin|Alex Ovechkin]]'s hat trick in the [[Washington Capitals]]' 5–4 overtime win over the [[Pittsburgh Penguins]] on 7 February 2010]]
In [[field hockey]], [[ice hockey]], and [[bandy]], a hat trick occurs when a player scores three goals in a single game. A hat trick in ice hockey, as it is known in its current form, culminates with fans throwing hats onto the ice from the stands. The tradition is said to have begun among fans in the [[National Hockey League]] around the 1950s,<ref name="guelph">{{Cite news|title=Guelph's tricky claim|url=http://news.guelphmercury.com/News/article/455592|access-date=6 April 2009|date=21 March 2009|newspaper=[[Guelph Mercury]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325053026/http://news.guelphmercury.com/News/article/455592|archive-date=25 March 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
with several conflicting legends from the Canadian cities of [[Toronto]], [[Montreal]], and [[Guelph]] of various hatmakers offering a free hat to players who scored a hat trick.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/page.htm?id=26376 | title=Miscellaneous Trivia | website=[[National Hockey League|NHL]] | access-date=20 June 2014 | archive-date=1 September 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140901040718/http://www.nhl.com/ice/page.htm?id=26376 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://henrihenri.ca/en/historique.htm | title=About Henri Henri | publisher=Henri Henri | access-date=13 March 2012 | archive-date=26 April 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426061305/http://henrihenri.ca/en/historique.htm | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="GuelphS">{{Cite web | url=http://www.guelphstorm.com/article/2006-9-12_the_hat_trick_returns_to_its_hockey_birthplace | title=The Hat Trick Returns to Its Hockey Birthplace | publisher=GuelphStorm.com | access-date=21 October 2014 | archive-date=22 October 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022010621/http://www.guelphstorm.com/article/2006-9-12_the_hat_trick_returns_to_its_hockey_birthplace | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://torontoist.com/2013/04/toronto-invents-the-hat-trick/| title=Toronto Invents: The Hat Trick| publisher=Torontoist| access-date=21 October 2014| date=3 April 2013| archive-date=30 September 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930011149/http://torontoist.com/2013/04/toronto-invents-the-hat-trick/| url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1946, the Biltmore Hat Company in Guelph sponsored the Guelph Biltmore Mad Hatters, a junior affiliate team of the NHL's New York Rangers. When a Mad Hatters player recorded a Hat Trick, hats were thrown on the ice and the player received a new Biltmore fedora after the game to honor his accomplishment.<ref name="GuelphS"/>
[[Wayne Gretzky]] holds the NHL record for the most hat tricks in a career with 50. [[Harry Hyland]] scored the league's first hat trick, in the league's first game on 18 December 1917, in which Hyland's [[Montreal Wanderers]] defeated the [[Toronto Arenas]] 10–9.<ref name="cbc2017">{{cite news|last1=Boswell|first1=Randy|title=Solving the mystery of the NHL's 1st game|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/mystery-nhl-first-game-montreal-1.4049433|access-date=16 April 2017|publisher=CBC News|date=16 April 2017|archive-date=19 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319222610/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/mystery-nhl-first-game-montreal-1.4049433|url-status=live}}</ref>
====Variations====
{{Anchor|Natural hat trick|Natural hat-trick}}In ice hockey, a '''natural hat trick''' occurs when a player scores three consecutive goals, uninterrupted by any other player scoring for either team.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=543580| title=Hat tricks coming at a fairly frequent pace| author=Adam Kimmelman, Jonah Bruce| work=NHL Insider| publisher=[[National Hockey League|NHL]]| date=15 November 2010| access-date=13 March 2012| archive-date=17 January 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117144546/http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=543580| url-status=live}}</ref> The NHL record for the fastest natural hat trick is 21 seconds, set by [[Bill Mosienko]] in 1952 for the Chicago Blackhawks.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sportsnetwork.com/merge/tsnform.aspx?c=sportsnetwork&page=nhl/news/newstest.aspx?id=4202314 | title=Ryan's natural hat trick not enough as Ducks fall to Kings | publisher=The Sports Network | access-date=18 August 2011 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222193336/http://www.sportsnetwork.com/merge/tsnform.aspx?c=sportsnetwork&page=nhl%2Fnews%2Fnewstest.aspx%3Fid%3D4202314 | archive-date=22 December 2011 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
A [[Gordie Howe hat trick]] is a [[tongue-in-cheek]] play on the feat. It is achieved by scoring a goal, getting an assist, and getting into a fight, all in the same game. Namesake [[Gordie Howe]] himself only recorded two in his NHL career. [[Rick Tocchet]] accomplished the feat 18 times in his career, the most in NHL history.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=514973 | title=Going inside the 'Gordie Howe Hat Trick' | author=John McGourty | work=Inside NHL | publisher=NHL | date=25 January 2010 | access-date=13 March 2012 | archive-date=17 January 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117150321/http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=514973 | url-status=live }}</ref>
In October 1995, [[Florida Panthers]] captain [[Scott Mellanby]] scored a [[rat trick]], the term coined by teammate [[John Vanbiesbrouck]]. Prior to the game, Mellanby killed a [[rat]] in the Panthers' locker room with his [[hockey stick]], and proceeded to score a pair of goals later that night.<ref name="Rat Pack">{{cite magazine |last=Montville |first=Leigh |url=http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1008229/index.htm |title=Rat Pack |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=10 June 1996 |access-date=29 January 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206082730/http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1008229/index.htm |archive-date=6 December 2008 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> When Mellanby scored a hat trick in a later game, some Florida fans threw plastic rats onto the ice, a tradition that continued for all Panthers' goals throughout the [[1996 Stanley Cup playoffs|1996 playoffs]]. Due to the resulting game delays caused by the necessary clean-up of the plastic rats, the league eventually banned the activity and modified Rule 63 to impose a [[Minor penalty#Minor penalty|minor penalty]] against the home team for a violation.<ref name="NHL_Rule">{{cite web|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/page.htm?id=26355|access-date=13 June 2010|title=OFFICIAL NHL RULES – Rule 63, Delaying the Game|archive-date=10 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510004223/http://www.nhl.com/ice/page.htm?id=26355|url-status=live}}</ref> The more traditional practice of fans throwing hats onto the ice following genuine hat tricks remains exempt from this penalty.<ref name="NHL_Rule"/>
=== Hurling ===
[[Eddie O'Brien (hurler)|Eddie O'Brien]] scored a hat-trick for [[Cork county hurling team|Cork]] against [[Wexford county hurling team|Wexford]] in the [[1970 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/gaa/arid-20130516.html|title=O'Brien hails Corbett's hat-trick heroics: Eddie O'Brien has credited fellow All-Ireland hat-trick hero Lar Corbett with achieving a much more difficult feat than his own 40 years ago|work=Irish Examiner|first=Simon|last=Lewis|date=11 September 2010}}</ref>
[[Lar Corbett]] scored a hat-trick for [[Tipperary county hurling team|Tipperary]] in the [[2010 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final]] to deny [[Kilkenny county hurling team|Kilkenny]] what would have been a record-breaking fifth consecutive title.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.the42.ie/corbett-the-hat-trick-hero-as-kilkenny%E2%80%99s-bid-for-immortality-dies-19221-Sep2010/|title=Corbett the hat-trick hero as Kilkenny's bid for immortality dies|publisher=[[The42.ie]]|first=Gavan|last=Reilly|date=5 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/kilkenny-come-to-end-of-the-road-in-drive-for-five/26678482.html|title=Kilkenny come to end of the road in 'drive for five'|work=Irish Independent|first=Conor|last=Kane|date=6 September 2010}}</ref>
[[Shane O'Donnell]] scored a first-half hat-trick for [[Clare county hurling team|Clare]] against Cork in the [[2013 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship]] replay, despite not featuring at all in the drawn game.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/hurling/2024/0715/1460004-odonnell-surprised-it-took-11-years-to-get-back/|title=Shane O'Donnell: I never thought it would take 11 years to get back to an All-Ireland final|publisher=RTÉ|date=15 July 2024}}</ref>
===Lacrosse===
In [[lacrosse]], like other sports with goal scoring, hat tricks occur when a player scores three goals in one game. Fans rarely throw hats onto the playing surface to acknowledge them due to their frequent occurrences in a game. When a player scores six goals in one game, it is referred to as a '''sock trick<ref>{{cite web |author1=National Lacrosse League |title=Box Lacrosse 101 |url=https://www.nll.com/community/box-lacrosse-101/ |access-date=25 February 2024 |quote="WHAT IS A SOCK TRICK? … A sock trick is when a player scores six goals in a game. The legend goes that the Colorado Mammoth started the sock trick in 2004 when Gary Gait scored six goals in a game and the fans started throwing their socks on the turf."}}</ref>'''.
===Motor racing===
In motor racing, three successive race wins, winning the same event three times in a row, or securing [[pole position]], fastest lap and race victory in one event may all be referred to as a hat-trick.
===Water polo===
In [[water polo]], if a player scores thrice in a game, a hat-trick is scored.
==See also==
{{commonscat}}
{{Wiktionary|hat trick}}
* [[Hitting for the cycle]]
* [[Nap hand]]
* [[Trifecta]]
* [[Triple Crown (disambiguation)]]
* [[Turkey (bowling)]]
* [[Triple double]]
* [[Three-peat]]
==References==
{{Notelist-ua}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hat-Trick}}
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[[Category:Association football terminology]]
[[Category:Bowling (cricket)]]
[[Category:Cricket terminology]]
[[Category:Field hockey terminology]]
[[Category:Gaelic games terminology]]
[[Category:Ice hockey terminology]]
[[Category:Rugby league terminology]]
[[Category:Rugby union terminology]]
[[Category:Water polo terminology]]
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