Customized Applications for Mobile networks Enhanced Logic: Difference between revisions

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'''CustomisedCustomized Applications for Mobile networks Enhanced Logic''', or ('''CAMEL ([[ETSI]] TS 123 078''') for short, is a set of standards designed to work on either a [[Network Switching Subsystem|GSM core network]] or the [[Universal Mobile Telecommunications System| UMTS]] (UMTS) network(4g+LTE.+cGHsa+. The Theyframework allowprovides antools operatorfor operators to define servicesadditional overfeatures and abovefor standard [[GSM services]]/UMTS services. The CAMEL architecture is based on the [[Intelligent Network]] (IN) standards, and uses the [[CAMEL Application Part|CAP]] protocol. The protocols are codified in a series of [[ETSI]] Technical Specifications.

<!-- The use of "Customised" in this article is not a spelling mistake—it is the spelling used by 3GPP in their technical recommendations for CAMEL (en-GB spelling). -->

'''Customised Applications for Mobile networks Enhanced Logic''', or CAMEL ([[ETSI]] TS 123 078) for short, is a set of standards designed to work on either a [[Network Switching Subsystem|GSM core network]] or [[Universal Mobile Telecommunications System| UMTS]] network. They allow an operator to define services over and above standard [[GSM services]]/UMTS services. The CAMEL architecture is based on the [[Intelligent Network]] (IN) standards, and uses the [[CAMEL Application Part|CAP]] protocol.

Many services can be created using CAMEL, and it is particularly effective in allowing these services to be offered when a subscriber is [[roaming]], like, for instance, noNo-prefix dialing (the number the user dials is the same no matter the country where the call is placed) or seamless [[Multimedia Messaging Service|MMS]] message access from abroad.

==CAMEL entities==

* gsmSCF: GSM Service Control Function (gsmSCF)

* gsmSSF: GSM Service Switching Function (gsmSSF)

* gsmSRF: GSM Specialized Resource Function (gsmSRF)

* gprsSSF: GPRS Service Switching Function (gprsSSF)

==PhasesSpecifications==

CAMEL wasspecification alwayswere intended to be specifiedpublished in phases.,<ref name="Release 96 Spec">[http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/02_series/02.78/0278-560.zip 3GPP TS 02.78] Release 96 specification for the service aspects of CAMEL Phase 1 & 2 (zip file).</ref> with four phases having been established {{Asas of|2007}}, there have been 4 phases specified, each building on the previous phase.<ref name="Release 5 Spec">[http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/22_series/22.078/22078-5f0.zip 3GPP TS 22.078] Release 5 specification for CAMEL phase 4 (zip file).</ref> Phases 1 and 2 were defined before [[3G]] networks were specifiedexisted, and as such support adding IN services to a [[Global System for Mobile Communications|GSM]] network, although they are equally applicable to 2.5G and 3G networks. Phase 3 was defined for [[3GPP]] Releases 99 and 4, and hence is a GSM and [[Universal Mobile Telecommunications System|UMTS]] common specification, while Phase 4 was defined as part of 3GPP Release 5.

In line with other GSM specifications, later phases should be fully backwards compatible with earlier phases; this is achieved by means of the [[Transaction Capabilities Application Part]] (TCAP) Application Context (AC) negotiation procedure, with each CAMEL phase beingis allocated its own AC version.<ref name="CAP Release 5 Spec">[http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/29_series/29.078/29078-590.zip 3GPP TS 29.078] CAMEL Application Part specification for Release 5 (zipped Word document).</ref>

===Phase 1===

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===Phase 2===

'''CAMEL''' Phase 2 enhanced the capabilities defined in Phase 1. In addition to supporting the facilities of Phase 1, Phase 2 included the following:

* Additional event detection points

* Interaction between a user and a service using announcements, voice prompting and information collection via in-band interaction or [[Unstructured Supplementary Service Data|Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD)]] interaction

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===Phase 4===

The fourth phase of CAMEL built on the capabilities of phase 3. The following features were defined:

* CAMEL supportSupport for Optimal Routing of circuit-switched mobile-to-mobile calls

* The capability for the gsmSCF to create additional parties in an existing call (Call Party Handling)

* The capability for the gsmSCF to create a new call unrelated to any other existing call (Call Party Handling - new call)

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* [[IP Multimedia Subsystem]]

* [[Service layer]]

* [[Camel]]

==References==