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{{Infobox royalty
| name = Theodoric II
| image = Theodoric II, Duke of Lorraine.png
| caption = THEODERICUS D[EI] G[RATIA] DUX LOTH[RINGEN] ET MARCHIO
| reign = 1070–1115
| predecessor = [[Gerhard, Duke of Lorraine]]
| successor = [[Simon I, Duke of Lorraine]]
| house = [[House of Lorraine|Metz]]
| father = [[Gerard, Duke of Lorraine|Gerhard]]
| mother = Hedwige of Namur
| spouse = [[Hedwig of Formbach]]<br/>[[Gertrude of Flanders, Duchess of Lorraine|Gertrude of Flanders]]
| issue = [[Simon I, Duke of Lorraine]]<br>[[Thierry, Count of Flanders]]<br>and [[#Marriage and children|more]]
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date|1115|12|30|df=y}}
| death_place =
'''Theodoric II''' (died 30 December 1115), called '''the Valiant''', was the [[Duke of Lorraine]] from 1070 to his death.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/FranceLorraine.htm|title=Kingdoms of France – Lotharingia / Lorraine|last=Kessler|first=P L|website=historyfiles.co.uk|access-date=2016-11-12}}</ref> He was the son and successor of [[Gerard, Duke of Lorraine|Gerhard]] and Hedwige of Namur. He is sometimes numbered ''Theodoric I'' if the Dukes of the House of [[Ardennes]], who ruled in [[Upper Lorraine]] from 959 to 1033, are ignored in favour of the [[List of kings and dukes of Lorraine|dukes of Lower Lorraine]] as predecessors of the later Dukes of Lorraine.
In fact, [[Sophie, Countess of Bar|Sophia]], the daughter of Duke [[Frederick II, Duke of Upper Lorraine|Frederick II]] of the House of Ardennes, who had inherited the [[Duchy of Bar|counties of Bar]] and [[Montbéliard]], had a husband named [[Louis, Count of Montbéliard|Louis]], who contested the succession. In order to receive the support of his brother, Theodoric gave his brother the [[Count of Vaudémont|County of Vaudémont]] and convened an assembly of nobles, who elected him duke over Louis. Soon Louis was dead, but his son, [[Theodoric II of Bar]], claimed the succession anyway. However, Emperor [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]] confirmed Theodoric the Valiant in the duchy. Probably, for this reason, Theodoric remained faithful to the emperors throughout his rule. He fought the [[Saxons]] while they were at war with the Emperor between 1070 and 1078 and he generally opposed the [[pope]]s [[Pope Gregory VII|Gregory VII]] and [[Urban II]] when they were in conflict with the Emperor.
In 1095, he planned to take up the [[Cross]] (i.e., go on [[Crusade]], specifically the [[First Crusade|First]]), but his ill health provoked him to drop out, nevertheless convincing his barons to go east. Thereafter, he took little part in imperial affairs, preferring not to intervene between Henry IV and his son [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry]], or against [[Lothair of Supplinburg]], [[duke of Saxony]].
==Marriage and children==
His first wife was [[Hedwig of Formbach|Hedwig]] (died 1085 or 1090),{{sfn|Bogdan|2007|p=34}} daughter of Frederick, count of [[Formbach]]. They married around 1075 and had the following issue:
* [[Simon I, Duke of Lorraine|Simon]] (1076–1138), his successor as [[Duke of Lorraine]], married to [[Adelaide of Leuven]] (d. 1158),{{sfn|Bogdan|2007|p=34-35}} daughter of his stepmother [[Gertrude of Flanders, Duchess of Lorraine|Gertrude]] and [[Henry III, Count of Leuven]].
| width="30%" align="center" | Preceded by:<br>'''[[Gerhard, Duke of Lorraine|Gerhard]]'''▼
* [[Petronilla of Lorraine|Gertrude]] (died 1144), married [[Floris II, Count of Holland|Floris II of Holland]]
▲| width="40%" align="center" | '''[[Duke of Lorraine]]'''
▲|}
His second wife was [[Gertrude of Flanders, Duchess of Lorraine|Gertrude of Flanders]] (c.1070–1117),{{sfn|Bogdan|2007|p=42}} daughter of [[Robert I of Flanders]] and [[Gertrude of Saxony]]. She was the widow of [[Henry III, Count of Leuven]] (d. 1095), with four daughters. They married in 1106{{sfn|Bogdan|2007|p=42}} and had:
[[Category:Dukes of Lorraine]]▼
* [[Thierry, Count of Flanders|Thierry of Alsace]] "Theodoric" ( – 1168), lord of [[Bitche]] and also [[Count of Flanders]] from 1128. Married to [[Sibylla of Anjou]]{{sfn|Gislebertus of Mons|2005|p=46-47}}
* Henry I (died 1165), [[bishop of Toul]]
* Ida, married Sigefroy (died 1104), count of [[Burghausen, Altötting|Burghausen]]
* Ermengarde, married Bernard de Brancion
* Gisela, married Frederick, count of [[Saarbrücken]]
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= '''Theodoric II'''<br>[[Duke of Lorraine]]
|2= [[Gerard, Duke of Lorraine|Gérard d'Alsace]] (c. 1030–1070)
|3= Hedwige de Namur
|4= Gérard de Bouzonville<br>count of Metz
|5= Gisèle
|6= Albert II (997 † 1063)<br>[[Counts of Namur|Count of Namur]]
|7= Regilinda of [[Verdun]]
|8= Adalbert II, Count of Metz
|9= Judith
|10=
|11= Gerberge
|12= Albert Ier (959 † 1012)<br>[[Counts of Namur|Count of Namur]]
|13= Ermengearde
|14= [[Gothelo I, Duke of Lorraine]] (c. 967–1044)
|15=
}}
==See also==
* [[House of Lorraine]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Sources==
*{{cite book |title=La Lorraine des ducs |first=Henry |last=Bogdan |language=fr |publisher=Perrin |year=2007}}
*{{cite book |last=Gislebertus of Mons |author-link=Gislebert of Mons |title=Chronicle of Hainaut |translator-first=Laura |translator-last=Napran |publisher=The Boydell Press |year=2005}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|House of Metz|||30 December|1115}}
{{Succession box
|title=[[Image:Blason Lorraine.svg|20px]] [[Duke of Lorraine]]
|after=[[Simon I, Duke of Lorraine|Simon I]]|years=1070–1115}}
{{S-end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Theodoric 02, Duke of Lorraine}}
[[Category:11th-century births]]
[[Category:1115 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:House of Metz]]
▲[[Category:Dukes of Upper Lorraine]]
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