Basel Program: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:27, 17 June 2017

Latest revision as of 06:10, 7 August 2025

(40 intermediate revisions by 16 users not shown)

Line 1:

{{pp|small=yes}}

[[Image:The "Basel Program" at the First Zionist Congress in 1897.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The "Basel Program."]]

{{Short description|Ideological platform of the Zionist movement}}

The '''Basel Program''' was the first [[manifesto]] of the [[Zionism|Zionist movement]], drafted between 27-30 August 1897 and adopted unanimously at the [[First Zionist Congress]] in [[Basel|Basel (Basle)]], [[Switzerland]] on 30 August 1897.

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}

[[Image:The "Basel Program" at the First Zionist Congress in 1897.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The original "Basel Program", as agreed at the conference. The indicated amendment changes "by law" to "by public law".]]

The '''Basel Program''' was the first [[manifesto]] of the [[Zionism|Zionist movement]], drafted between 27- and 30 August 1897 and adopted unanimously at the [[First Zionist Congress]] in [[Basel|Basel (Basle)]], [[Switzerland]], on 30 August 1897.

It was drafted by a seven-man committee appointed on Friday 27 August 1897.<ref name="Epstein2016">{{citation|last=Epstein|first=Lawrence J.|title=The Dream of Zion: The Story of the First Zionist Congress|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OLxnCgAAQBAJ|date=14 January 2016|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-5467-1}}</ref> The committee was headed by [[Max Nordau]].<ref name="Epstein2016"/>

In 1951, it was replaced by the [[Jerusalem Program]].

The other committee members were

==History==

[[Nathan Birnbaum]], [[Max Bodenheimer]], [[Siegmund Mintz]], [[Siegmund Rosenberg]], [[:de: Saul Raphael Landau |Saul Rafael Landau]] and [[Hermann Schapira]].<ref name="EJ2007">{{citation|last1=Skolnik|first1=Fred|last2=Berenbaum|first2=Michael|title=Encyclopaedia Judaica|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vKoUAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA|isbn=978-0-02-865931-2|page=202}}</ref>

The Basel Program was drafted by a committee elected on Sunday 29 August 1897{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=73}} comprising [[Max Nordau]] (heading the committee),{{sfn|Epstein|2016|p=54,83-87}} [[Nathan Birnbaum]], [[Alexander Mintz]], [[Siegmund Rosenberg]], [[:de: Saul Raphael Landau|Saul Rafael Landau]],{{sfn|Bodenheimer|1963|p=102|ps= "...the commission, whose members were Nordau, Nathan Birnbaum, Sigmund Rosenberg, Dr. Minz, and Saul Rafael Landau was formed, and in addition Professor Schapira and I were also included..."}}{{sfn|Epstein|2016|p=54,83-87}}<ref name="EJ2007">{{citation|last1=Skolnik|first1=Fred|last2=Berenbaum|first2=Michael|title=Encyclopaedia Judaica|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vKoUAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA|isbn=978-0-02-865931-2|page=202}}</ref> together with [[Hermann Schapira]] and [[Max Bodenheimer]] who were added to the committee on the basis of them having both drafted previous similar programs (including the "Kölner Thesen").{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=73}}

The seven-man committee prepared the Program over three drafting meetings.{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=73}}

==The Program==

The program set out the goals of the Zionist movement as follows:

==Goals==

{{Cquote|Zionism aims at establishing for the Jewish people a publicly and legally assured home in Palestine. For the attainment of this purpose, the Congress considers the following means serviceable:

The program set out the goals of the Zionist movement as follows:<ref name=Protocols>[https://sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/cm/periodical/titleinfo/3476255 Zionisten-Congress in Basel], Officielles Protocoll, 1898, pp. 114–119.</ref>

{{Cquote|Zionism seeks to establish a home in Palestine for the Jewish people, secured under public law.<ref>"Der Zionismus erstrebt für das jüdische Volk die Schaffung einer öffentlich-rechtlich gesicherten Heimstätte in Palästina." The original proposal had "rechtlich" rather than "öffentlich-rechtlich" but was altered during the Congress.</ref>

1. The promotion of the settlement of Jewish agriculturists, artisans, and tradesmen in Palestine.

To achieve this goal, the Congress envisages the following means:

2. The federation of all Jews into local or general groups, according to the laws of the various countries.

31. The strengtheningexpedient promotion of the settlement of Jewish feelingagriculturists, artisans, and consciousnesstradesmen in Palestine.

42. PreparatoryThe stepsorganization forand thebringing attainmenttogether of thoseall Jews through governmentallocal grantsand whichgeneral areevents, necessaryaccording to the achievementlaws of the Zionistvarious purposecountries.

3. The strengthening of Jewish feeling and national consciousness.

4. Preparatory steps for obtaining the governmental approval which is necessary to the achievement of the Zionist purpose.

}}

Line 25 ⟶ 32:

{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==

[[Category:Zionism]]

* {{cite book|url=http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00072101/00001/70j|title=The Jubilee of the first Zionist Congress, 1897-1947|___location=Jerusalem|publisher=Executive of the Zionist Organisation|date=1947|postscript=. Published simultaneously in Hebrew, French, Spanish and Yiddish|pages=108 pages, 2 leaves of plates|author=Jubilee Publication}}

It* was drafted by a seven-man committee appointed on Friday 27 August 1897.<ref name="Epstein2016">{{citation|last=Epstein|first=Lawrence J.|title=The Dream of Zion: The Story of the First Zionist Congress|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OLxnCgAAQBAJ|date=14 January 2016|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-5467-1}}</ref> The committee was headed by [[Max Nordau]].<ref name="Epstein2016"/>

* {{cite book|first=Max|last=Bodenheimer|author-link=Max Bodenheimer|title=Prelude to Israel: The Memoirs of M. I. Bodenheimer|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015026627060;view=1up;seq=11|year=1963|publisher=T. Yoseloff}}

[[Category:Pre-1948 Zionist documents]]

[[Category:1897 documents]]

[[Category:German-language works]]

[[Category:Jews and Judaism in Basel]]

[[Category:Zionism in Switzerland]]