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{{Short description|Microcontroller peripheral interface}}
'''Pmod interface''' ('''peripheral module interface''') is an [[open standard]] defined by [[Digilent]] in the ''Pmod Interface Specification''<ref name="i2c-spec-1.3.1"/> for connecting peripheral modules to [[Field-programmable gate array|FPGA]] and [[microcontroller]] development boards using 6 [[Lead (electronics)|pins]]. '''Pmod''' or '''Pmods''' may also refer to modules compatible with the Pmod interface.
==Overview==
Pmods are available from simple push buttons to more complex modules with [[Network interface controller|network interface]]s, analog to digital converters or [[liquid-crystal display]]s. These modules can be used with a variety of FPGA or microcontroller development boards from different vendors. The Pmod interface is designed so Pmods can be quickly connected to host boards for [[prototyping]] or evaluation purposes without [[soldering]], but Pmods '''aren't''' quite [[plug and play]] since software and configuration is required.
Pmods come with a standard 6-pin interface of 4 signals, one ground and one power pin. Double and quad Pmods also exist. These duplicate the standard interface to allow more signals to pass through to the module.
Pmods can use either [[Serial Peripheral Interface Bus|SPI]], [[I²C|I<sup>2</sup>C]] or [[Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter|UART]] protocol. With I<sup>2</sup>C it is possible to use a 4-pin connector. Alternatively the pins 1 to 4 can be used as simple digital I/O pins.
==Pinouts==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Pmod type pinouts
! type
! 1<br/>(7)
! 2<br/>(8)
! 3<br/>(9)
! 4<br/>(10)
! 5<br/>(11)
! 6<br/>(12)
|-
| Type 1 ([[GPIO]])
| GPIO1
| GPIO2/[[Pulse-width modulation|PWM]]
| GPIO3
| GPIO4
| GND
| Vcc
|-
| Type 1A (extended GPIO)
| GPIO1<br/>GPIO5
| GPIO2/PWM<br/>GPIO6/PWM
| GPIO3<br/>GPIO7
| GPIO4<br/>GPIO8
| GND<br/>GND
| Vcc<br/>Vcc
|-
| Type 2 ([[Serial Peripheral Interface|SPI]])
| CS
| MOSI
| MISO
| SCK
| GND
| Vcc
|-
| Type 2A (extended SPI)
| CS1<br/>GPIO/INT
| MOSI<br/>GPIO/RESET
| MISO<br/>GPIO/CS2
| SCK<br/>GPIO/CS3
| GND<br/>GND
| Vcc<br/>Vcc
|-
| Type 3 ([[UART]])
| CTS/GPIO
| TxD
| RxD
| RTS/GPIO
| GND
| Vcc
|-
| Type 3A (extended UART)
| CTS/GPIO<br/>GPIO/INT
| TxD<br/>GPIO/RESET
| RxD<br/>GPIO
| RTS/GPIO<br/>GPIO
| GND<br/>GND
| Vcc<br/>Vcc
|-
| Type 4 ([[H-bridge]])
| DIR
| EN
| SenseA
| SenseB
| GND
| Vcc
|-
| Type 5 (dual H-bridge)
| DIR1
| EN1
| DIR2
| EN2
| GND
| Vcc
|-
| Type 5A (extended dual H-bridge)
| DIR1<br/>DIR2
| EN1<br/>EN2
| Sense1A<br/>Sense2A
| Sense1B<br/>Sense2B
| GND<br/>GND
| Vcc<br/>Vcc
|-
| Type 6 ([[I2C]])
| nc/INT
| nc/RESET
| SCL
| SDA
| GND
| Vcc
|-
| Type 6A (extended I2C)
| nc/INT<br/>GPIO
| nc/RESET<br/>GPIO
| SCL<br/>GPIO
| SDA<br/>GPIO
| GND<br/>GND
| Vcc<br/>Vcc
|-
| Type 7 ([[I2S]])
| LRCLK<br/>GPIO
| DACdata<br/>GPIO
| ADCdata<br/>MCLK
| BCLK<br/>GPIO
| GND<br/>GND
| Vcc<br/>Vcc
|}
* I2C/UART/SPI:
** INT - interrupt, slave to master, open-collector, active low
** RESET - reset signal, master to slave, active low
* SPI:
** CS - chipselect, active low
* H-bridge
** EN - enable, active high, can be used with PWM
** SenseA/SenseB - input from quadrature encoder for speed and direction
==History==
Digilent was founded in 2000 by two [[Washington State University]] electrical engineering professors.<ref name="MaxMax2020">{{cite web |url=https://www.embedded-computing.com/guest-blogs/big-things-in-store-for-digilent-in-2020 |access-date=21 September 2020 |title=Big Things in Store for Digilent in 2020 |last1=Maxfield |first1=Max |date=6 February 2020 |website=embedded-computing.com |publisher=OpenSystems Media}}</ref>
In 2011, v1.0.0 of Pmod Interface Specification was released.<ref name="i2c-spec-1.0.0"/>
In January 2013, [[National Instruments]] acquired all outstanding shares of Digilent Inc., which became a wholly owned subsidiary.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dangerousprototypes.com/blog/2013/01/24/national-instruments-acquires-digilent-inc/ |access-date=21 September 2020 |title=National Instruments acquires Digilent Inc |date=24 January 2013 |website=dangerousprototypes.com |publisher=Dangerous Prototypes self-published blog}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ History of Pmod specification
! Year
! Version
! Notes
! Refs
|-
| 2011
| 1.0.0
| First release
| <ref name="i2c-spec-1.0.0">[https://digilent.com/reference/lib/exe/fetch.php?tok=6c721a&media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digilentinc.com%2FPmods%2FDigilent-Pmod_%2520Interface_Specification.pdf Pmod specification v1.0.0; Digilent; November 2011.]</ref>
|-
| 2017
| 1.1.0
| .
| <ref name="i2c-spec-1.1.0">[https://digilent.com/reference/_media/reference/pmod/pmod-interface-specification-1_1_0.pdf Pmod specification v1.1.0; Digilent; July 2017.]</ref>
|-
| 2017
| 1.2.0
| .
| <ref name="i2c-spec-1.2.0">[https://digilent.com/reference/_media/reference/pmod/pmod-interface-specification-1_2_0.pdf Pmod specification v1.2.0; Digilent; October 2017.]</ref>
|-
| 2020
| 1.3.0
| .
| <ref name="i2c-spec-1.3.0">[https://digilent.com/reference/_media/reference/pmod/pmod-interface-specification-1_3_0.pdf Pmod specification v1.3.0; Digilent; September 2020.]</ref>
|-
| 2020
| 1.3.1
| Current release
| <ref name="i2c-spec-1.3.1">[https://digilent.com/reference/_media/reference/pmod/pmod-interface-specification-1_3_1.pdf Pmod specification v1.3.1; Digilent; October 2020.]</ref>
|}
==See also==
{{Portal|Electronics}}
* [[Asynchronous serial communication|Asynchronous]] serial bus such as [[RS-232]] and [[RS-422]].
* [[UEXT]], a similar "Universal EXTension" connector format also for [[UART]], [[I²C|I<sup>2</sup>C]], and [[Serial Peripheral Interface Bus|SPI]], although separately over 10 wires in a 2x5 layout.
* * [[CRUVI FPGA Card]] FPGA daughter card standard of Standardization Group for Embedded Technologies e.V. (SGET) with Pmod option
==References==
Line 16 ⟶ 177:
==External links==
*
* {{Citation | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8psdwGl5Qs | title = Video, Pmod Peripheral Modules }} - YouTube
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