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{{more citations needed|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Najafgarh
| settlement_type =
| image_skyline = Najafgarh - Aerial View - New Delhi 2016-08-04 5775.JPG
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Aerial view of western Najafgarh in 2016
| pushpin_map = India Delhi
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|28|36|45|N|76|59|5|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Delhi]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[South West Delhi]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Municipal Corporation of Delhi
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1,365,152<ref name="Census2011">{{cite web|title=Census of India 2011 Primary Census Abstract|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/PCA_Highlights/pca_highlights_file/Delhi/DATA_SHEET_PCA_SUB-DISTRICTS_NCT_OF_DELHI.pdf|publisher=Government of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114002057/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/PCA_Highlights/pca_highlights_file/Delhi/DATA_SHEET_PCA_SUB-DISTRICTS_NCT_OF_DELHI.pdf|archive-date=14 November 2013}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = {{hlist|[[Hindi]]|[[English language|English]]<ref name="OLA 2000">{{cite web|url=https://delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/d09fd2004bd07ad9a305ab56803943f0/Delhi+Official+Languages+Act+2000.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&lmod=-344844204|title=Official Language Act 2000|date=2 July 2003|publisher=Government of Delhi|access-date=17 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084459/https://delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/d09fd2004bd07ad9a305ab56803943f0/Delhi+Official+Languages+Act+2000.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&lmod=-344844204|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> }}
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = {{hlist| [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]|[[Urdu language|Urdu]]<ref name="OLA 2000" /> }}
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] -->
| postal_code = 110043
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = West Delhi
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Najafgarh (Delhi Assembly constituency)|Najafgarh]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Municipal Corporation of Delhi|MCD]]
| website =
| footnotes =
| official_name =
}}
'''Najafgarh''' is a town in the [[South West Delhi district]] of [[Delhi]], India. It is one of the three subdivisions of the South West Delhi district.<ref>{{cite web |title=South West District |url=http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_southwest/South+West+District/Home/District+Administration/ |website=Delhi.gov.in |access-date=23 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915182646/http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_southwest/South%2BWest%2BDistrict/Home/District%2BAdministration |archive-date=15 September 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Najafgarh is located on outskirts of NCT Delhi in south western part of [[Delhi]] sharing its territory limits with [[Gurgaon]] and [[Bahadurgarh]], in [[Haryana]].
==History==
[[File:Mughal amir horseback large c hi.jpg|thumb|140px|right|[[Mirza Najaf Khan]], after whom Najafgarh is named]]
[[File:Battle of Najafgarh.jpg|200px|The [[Battle of Najafgarh]]|thumb|right]]
Before the foundation of modern Najafgarh, the site was occupied by the town of ''Mas'ūdābād''.<ref name="Habib 1982">{{cite book |last1=Habib |first1=Irfan |title=An Atlas of the Mughal Empire |date=1982 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0195603796 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Buo9AQAAIAAJ |access-date=26 March 2023}}</ref>{{rp|10}} Mas'ūdābād was listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] in [[sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]] Delhi.<!-- Ain --> It was assessed at 2,809,156 [[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]s in revenue and supplied a force of 30 cavalry and 30 infantry.<!-- Ain --> It was described as having an old brick fort and a prominent [[Jat]] population.<ref name="Ain-i-Akbari">{{cite book |last1=Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |translator-last1=Jarrett |translator-first1=Henry Sullivan |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |___location=Calcutta |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref>{{rp|288}}
Najafgarh was named after [[Mirza Najaf Khan]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chenoy|first1=Shama Mitra|title=Shahjahanabad: A City of Delhi, 1638–1857|publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers|isbn=9788121508025|page=109|language=en|year=1998}}</ref><ref name="Delhi Govt Website">{{Cite web|url=http://delhigovt.nic.in/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100919175447/http://delhigovt.nic.in/|url-status=dead|title=Welcome to Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi|archivedate=19 September 2010|website=Delhigovt.nic.in|access-date=10 December 2021}}</ref> (1723–1782) the commander-in-chief of the [[Army of the Mughal Empire|Mughal Army]] under the Emperor [[Shah Alam II]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Qanung|first1=K R|last2=Singh|first2=Vir|title=History of the Jats (Upto The Death Of Mirza Najaf Khan, 1782)}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Gupta|first1=Hari Ram|title=A History of the Sikhs, from Nadir Shah's Invasion to the Rise of Ranjit Singh, 1739–1799: Cis-Sutlej Sikhs, 1769–1799|date=1944|publisher=Minerva Book Shop|___location=Punjab|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ow8uAAAAMAAJ&q=najafgarh+named+after+mirza+najaf+khan|access-date=23 September 2016|language=en}}</ref> He marched several kilometres from the capital of [[Shahjahanabad]] to establish a military outpost, which would guard Delhi against attacks by [[Company rule in India|British]], [[Rohillas]] and [[Sikhs]]. He built a strong fort,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Burton-Page|first1=John|title=Indian Islamic Architecture: Forms and Typologies, Sites and Monuments|year=2008|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.doa.186|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-9004163393|language=en}}</ref> in the suburbs beyond the capital city, and settled a small number of the [[Mughal people|Mughal]] here. That fort was later named Najafgarh.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Spear|first1=Thomas George Percival|last2=Gupta|first2=Narayani|last3=Sykes|first3=Laura|title=Delhi, its monuments and history|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195634600|language=en|year=1994}}</ref> After the death of Najaf Khan, Najafgarh later became a fortified stronghold of the Rohilla [[Afghans|Afghan]] chieftain [[Zabita Khan]].<ref>[http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/28802/60250107.pdf?sequence=1 Strategy Framework for Delhi beyond the Commonwealth Games 2010], Danny Cherian, 2004 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029222016/http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/28802/60250107.pdf?sequence=1 |date=29 October 2013 }}</ref>
During the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], and as a part of the [[Siege of Delhi]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Edwardes|first1=Michael|title=Battles of the Indian Mutiny.|date=1963|publisher=Pan Books.|___location=London|isbn=0-330-02524-4}}</ref> the [[Battle of Najafgarh]] took place on 25 August 1857<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haigh|first1=R. H.|last2=Turner|first2=Philip Wilson|title=John Nicholson, the Battle of Najafgarh and the Siege of Delhi|publisher=Sheffield City Polytechnic, Department of Political Studies|language=en}}</ref> between Indian rebels and [[East India Company]] soldiers.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dalrymple|first1=William|title=The last Mughal : the fall of a dynasty, Delhi, 1857|date=2006|publisher=Penguin, Viking|___location=New Delhi|isbn=0-670-99925-3}}</ref> Approximately 800 people were killed.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Mutiny 1857 – 58 – Vol. I|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120619937|language=en}}</ref> After the defeat of the Mughal troops in 1857, Delhi came under the control of the British Empire in 1858. Najafgarh became a part of [[Delhi district]]<ref>{{cite web|title="Chapter 1: Introduction": Economic Survey of Delhi, 2005–2006|url=http://delhiplanning.nic.in/Economic%20Survey/ES%202005-06/Chpt/1.pdf|publisher=Planning Department, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi|access-date=1 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113174155/http://delhiplanning.nic.in/Economic%20Survey/ES%202005-06/Chpt/1.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2016}}</ref> of the Delhi Division of [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]]. Delhi was transferred from the [[North-Western Provinces]] (later the United Provinces) to [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]] by the British Government in 1859.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gupta|first1=Narayani|title=Delhi Between Two Empires, 1803–1931.|url=https://archive.org/details/delhibetweentwoe0000gupt|url-access=registration|date=1981|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref>
In 1861, the North-Western Provinces education system was abolished in Delhi,<ref name="sharma" />{{rp|18}} and a new system for schools modelled on the Punjab education system was introduced by W.M. Holroyd, the Inspector of Schools for the [[Ambala Division]].<ref name="sharma">{{cite book|last1=Sharma|first1=Ajay Kumar|title=A History of Educational Institutions in Delhi|date=2011|publisher=Sanbun Publishers|___location=New Delhi|isbn=9789380213149|language=en}}</ref>{{rp|47}} New schools were opened at [[Narela]], Najafgarh, [[Mehrauli]] and their suburbs. Several schools were opened in the following decades. The Delhi Normal School was shifted to Najafgarh from [[Kashmiri Gate, Delhi|Kashmere Gate]] in 1911.<ref name="sharma" />{{rp|71}}<ref>{{cite book|title=The Platinum Heritage- 1920–1955|date=1955|publisher=Modern School Booklet|___location=New Delhi}}</ref> The Delhi Normal School, with a small attached Model School,<ref>'Final Memorandum by major W.R.M. Holroyd Regarding the Central Training College,' incld. in, Leitner to offg. sec. to the Government of the Punjab, 1 June 1878, no. 354, OIOC P/1148</ref> trained its teachers in closer accordance with European methods than any other Normal School in Northern India.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Allender|first1=Tim|title=Ruling Through Education: The Politics of Schooling in the Colonial Punjab|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|isbn=9781932705706|pages=239, 240|language=en|year=2006}}</ref>
In 1947, Najafgarh became a part of [[Independence Day (India)|independent India]] and fell under the [[States and union territories of India|union territory]] of Delhi. [[Najafgarh (Delhi Assembly constituency)|Najafgarh Assembly Constituency]] was established in 1993 when the [[Delhi Legislative Assembly|Delhi legislative assembly]] was re-established after the Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment Act, 1991) came into force. This declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as National Capital Territory of Delhi.<ref>{{cite web|title=THE CONSTITUTION (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991|url=http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend69.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821020032/http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend69.htm|archive-date=21 August 2016}}</ref> [[Najafgarh (Delhi Assembly constituency)|Najafgarh]] is now one of the most populous electoral regions in the [[National Capital Region of India]] (NCR). Najafgarh is surrounded by 70 villages bordering Haryana. The borders are {{convert|10|km|mi}} to {{convert|15|km|mi}} from the main Najafgarh Market.
==Geography==
[[File:Najafgarh Drain - Aerial View - New Delhi 2016-08-04 5780.JPG|thumb|200px|Aerial View of [[Najafgarh Drain]]]]
Najafgarh is located at {{Coord|28.60|N|76.98|E|}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Najafgarh, New Delhi, Delhi, India Map Lat Long Coordinates|url=http://www.latlong.net/place/najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-india-15870.html|website=Latlong.net|access-date=23 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923183638/http://www.latlong.net/place/najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-india-15870.html|archive-date=23 September 2016}}</ref> in the [[South West Delhi district]] in the [[NCT of Delhi]]. Najafgarh is situated {{convert|29|km|mi}} Southwest of the New Delhi City Centre and {{convert|10|km|mi}} northwest to the district headquarters at [[Dwarka, Delhi|Dwarka]]. It has an average elevation of {{convert|218|m|abbr=on}} above mean Sea Level.<ref>{{cite web|title=Elevation of Najafgarh, New Delhi, Delhi, 110043 with altitude and height|url=http://elevationmap.net/gaushala-rd-jatav-mohalla-dharampura-najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-110043-india?latlngs=(28.612758704805795,76.9857109359375)|access-date=23 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923193453/http://elevationmap.net/gaushala-rd-jatav-mohalla-dharampura-najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-110043-india?latlngs=%2828.612758704805795%2C76.9857109359375%29|archive-date=23 September 2016}}</ref> [[Najafgarh Drain]], the continuation of the [[Sahibi River]] and an elongation of the [[Najafgarh Lake]] is the Indian capital's most polluted body of water<ref>{{cite news|title=Najafgarh basin is Delhi's most polluted area|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/najafgarh-basin-delhis-most-polluted-area/558870/|access-date=23 September 2016|work=Indianexpress.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119214020/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/najafgarh-basin-delhis-most-polluted-area/558870/|archive-date=19 January 2010}}</ref> due to the direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the [[Central Pollution Control Board]] classifies this drain, with 13 other highly polluted wetlands, under category ‘‘D’’ for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/section/cities/|title=City News, Indian City Headlines, Latest City News, Metro City News|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=10 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Najafgarh drain 11th among highly polluted industrial clusters|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-25/pollution/28101026_1_industrial-clusters-industrial-hubs-najafgarh-drain|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912184105/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-25/pollution/28101026_1_industrial-clusters-industrial-hubs-najafgarh-drain|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 September 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=23 September 2016}}</ref>
== Demographics ==
As of 2011 India census, the population of Najafgarh is 1,365,152.<ref name="Census2011"/> Female sex Ratio is of 872 against Delhi's average of 868. Moreover, the Child Sex Ratio in Najafgarh is around 832 compared to Delhi's average of 871.<ref name="Census2011"/> The literacy rate is 88.1%.<ref name="Census2011"/> [[Schedule Caste]] (SC) constitutes 12.60% of total population in Najafgarh.
==Government and politics==
=== Delhi Legislative Assembly ===
{{Main|Najafgarh Assembly constituency}}
The Najafgarh constituency of the [[Delhi Legislative Assembly]] was created in 2008 based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.<ref name="eci1">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|page=549}}</ref>
[[Neelam Pahalwan]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] has been its [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|representative]] since 2025, [[2025 Delhi Legislative Assembly election|defeating]] Tarun Yadav of the [[Aam Aadmi Party]]. The Najafgarh assembly constituency is part of the [[West Delhi (Lok Sabha constituency)]].
==Transport==
[[Indira Gandhi International Airport]] is the nearest international airport to Najafgarh.
The Najafgarh is well connected to Delhi Metro, its metro station is located on the [[Grey Line (Delhi Metro)|Grey Line]] of the Delhi Metro. It was opened for public on 4 October 2019.
As part of Phase III of Delhi Metro, Najafgarh is metro station of the Grey Line. Station was opened for public on 4 October 2019.[1] Najafgarh metro station is 288 meters long and is situated at a depth of 21 meters from the road level. The station is unique as it is only metro depot station to operate both Broad gauge and Standard gauge trains.
Delhi Urban Extension Road-II (UER-II) is pass through Najafgarh near Sai baba mandir as UER-II provides big relief to Najafgarh traffic as commercial as well as private vehicles earlier use Najafgarh as a bypass for NH-8, NH-10 which creates chaos in massive traffic jam. But Now, Najafgarh is traffic free zone.
Najafgarh is connected by roads with major destinations all over Delhi and Haryana. The [[Delhi Transport Corporation|DTC (Delhi Transport Corporation)]] and DIMTS (Delhi Multi-Model Transit System) provide bus services from Najafgarh Bus Terminal to the other parts of Delhi. In October 2019, a new metro line called the [[Grey Line (Delhi Metro)|Grey Line]] was linked from Dwarka to Najafgarh, taking the rapid transit system to the area for the first time. The line was further extended to Dhansa Bus Stand in September 2021, thereby linking the interior rural areas of Najafgarh.
==Landmarks==
* [[Najafgarh drain]], Delhi
* [[Najafgarh drain bird sanctuary]], Delhi
* [[Najafgarh Lake]]
==Notable people==
*[[Brahm Prakash (politician)|Brahm Prakash]]: first chief minister of Delhi.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Puri|first1=Yogesh|title=Party Politics in the Nehru Era: A Study of Congress in Delhi|publisher=National Book Organisation|isbn=9788185135724|page=147|language=en|year=1993}}</ref>
*[[Virender Sehwag]]: Cricketer, born in Najafgarh<ref>{{cite book|last1=Garg|first1=Chitra|title=Indian Champions: Profiles of Famous Indian Sportspersons|publisher=Rajpal & Sons|isbn=9788170288527|page=191|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fq1wdzqhu6kC&q=sehwag+born+in+najafagrh&pg=PA191|access-date=23 September 2016|language=en|year=2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sen|first1=Ronojoy|title=Nation at Play: A History of Sport in India|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231539937|page=276|language=en|date=27 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Dwivedi|first1=Sandeep|title=The unlikely makeover of Virender Sehwag|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/the-unlikely-makeover-of-virender-sehwag/|access-date=23 September 2016|publisher=The Indian Express|date=11 January 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202123412/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/the-unlikely-makeover-of-virender-sehwag/|archive-date=2 December 2016}}</ref>
*[[Sushil Kumar (wrestler)|Sushil Kumar]]: Wrestler, born in Baprola Village, Najafgarh<ref>{{cite news|title=Man from Baprola achieved what 'Pocket Dynamo' did 56 years ago – The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/man-from-baprola-achieved-what-pocket-dynamo-did-56-years-ago/articleshow/15012468.cms|access-date=23 September 2016|work=The Times Of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112174834/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/man-from-baprola-achieved-what-pocket-dynamo-did-56-years-ago/articleshow/15012468.cms|archive-date=12 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Sushil's journey: From mud pits to Olympic podiums|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3758096.ece|work=The Hindu|agency=PTI|date=12 August 2012|access-date=23 September 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217224545/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3758096.ece|archive-date=17 February 2016}}</ref>
* [[Krishna Yadav]] won the [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]] for her business in Najafgarh.<ref>{{cite news |title=सफलता की कहानी: दिल्ली की एक अनपढ़ औरत ने कैसे खड़ा किया 5 करोड़ का कारोबार |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/delhi-ncr/success-story-of-pickle-factory-owner-krishna-yadav-in-delhi-nodrk-1920358.html |work=News18 |language=hi |date=27 April 2019 |access-date=April 18, 2025}}</ref>
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Neighborhoods of Delhi}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Delhi]]
[[Category:District subdivisions of Delhi]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in South West Delhi district]]
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