Wikipedia

Help:HTML in wikitext: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
mNo edit summary
→Obsolete/deprecated elements: big is not obsolete in Linter
 
(74 intermediate revisions by 31 users not shown)
Line 1:
{{Short description|Usage of HTML tags with MediaWiki}}
{{Redirect|WP:HTML|general information about the default markup language on Wikipedia|Wikipedia:HTML 5}}▼
<noinclude>{{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}</noinclude>
{{Locutions pages header}}
 
▲{{Redirect|WP:HTML|general information about the default markup language on Wikipedia|Wikipedia:HTML5}}{{For|wikitext equivalents to HTML 5tags|Help:Wikitext}}{{Locutions pages header}}
{{Wikipedia how to|H:HTML|WP:HTML}}
 
{{Wiki markup}}
{{HTML}}
The MediaWiki software, which drives Wikipedia, allows the use of a subset of [[HTML 5]] [[HTML element|elements]], or tags and their [[HTML attribute|attributes]], for presentation formatting.{{r|sanitizer}} But most HTML can be included by using equivalent [[Help:Wiki markup|wiki markup]] or [[Help:Template|templates]]; these are generally preferred within articles, as they are sometimes simpler for most editors and less intrusive in the editing window; but [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Keep_markup_simple|Wikipedia's Manual of Style]] recommends their use in certain cases. (See [[Help:Wikitext]] for wiki equivalents to HTML tags not otherwise discussed below.) And HTML is useful outside of articles, for example for formatting within templates. For help with Cascading Style Sheet use within Wikipedia see [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets]].▼
 
▲The [[MediaWiki]] software, which drives Wikipedia, allows the use of a subset of [[HTML 5HTML5]] [[HTML element|elements]], or tags and their [[HTML attribute|attributes]], for presentation formatting.{{r|sanitizer}} ButHowever, most HTML functionality can be included byreplicated using equivalent [[Help:Wiki markup|wiki markup]] or [[Help:TemplateTemplates|templates]];. theseThese alternatives are generally preferred within articles, asbecause they are sometimesoften simpler for most editors to use and less intrusive in the editing window; butinterface. [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Keep_markup_simple|Wikipedia's Manual of Style]] recommends theirwhen useand inwhere certainthese alternatives should be casesused. (See [[Help:Wikitext]] for wikiwikitext equivalents to HTML tags not otherwise discussed below.) And HTML is useful outside of articles, for example for formatting within templates. For help with Cascading Style Sheet use within Wikipedia see [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets]].
Some tags look like HTML, but are actually MediaWiki [[#Parser and extension tags|parser and extension tags]], and so are really wiki markup. HTML in pages can be checked for HTML5 compliance by using [[#Validation|validation]]. Some elements and attributes are supported by MediaWiki and browsers, but have been [[Wikipedia:HTML 5|deprecated by HTML 5]], and therefore should no longer be used.▼
 
{{TOC limit|3}}
HTML can also be useful outside articles, such as for formatting within templates. For assistance with using Cascading Style Sheets on Wikipedia, see [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets]].
 
▲Some tags lookthat likeresemble HTML, but are actually MediaWiki [[#Parser and extension tags|parser and extension tags]], and so are reallyactually wiki markup. HTML included in pages can be checkedvalidated for HTML5 compliance by using [[#Validation|validation]]. SomeNote that some elements and attributes are supported by MediaWiki and browsers, but have been [[Wikipedia:HTML 5HTML5|deprecated by HTML 5HTML5]], and therefore should no longer be used.{{TOC limit|3}}
 
== Tutorials ==
This help page gives only an overview of allowed markup. For further assistance and detailed specifications:
 
* [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/HTML5/Introduction_to_HTML5 HTML5 Introduction] at developer.mozilla.org
* [httphttps://wwwdeveloper.w3schoolsmozilla.comorg/htmlen-US/html5_intro.aspdocs/Learn/HTML HTML5 Introduction] at w3schoolsdeveloper.mozilla.comorg
* [https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp HTML5 Introduction] at w3schools.com
 
== Attributes ==
Line 21 ⟶ 26:
* <code>dir</code>: text direction— <code>"ltr"</code> (left-to-right), <code>"rtl"</code> (right-to-left) or <code>"auto"</code>.
* <code>id</code>: unique identifier for the element.
* <code>lang</code>: primary language for the contents of the element per [[BCP 47]]. The MediaWiki software automatically adds the <code>xml:lang</code> attribute whenever <code>lang</code> is defined, but <code>xml:lang</code> will no longer be passed when included as a separate attribute.
* <code>style</code>: applies CSS styling to the contents of the element.
* <code>title</code>: advisory information associated with the element.
Line 44 ⟶ 49:
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html">This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.</nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.
}}
Line 122 ⟶ 127:
{{tag|p}} is especially useful in lists, for list items with multiple paragraphs:
 
{{markup|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="tid">
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
* This is a different item.</nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
Line 132 ⟶ 137:
 
==== br ====
{{see|Help:Line-break handling#&lt;br />&gt;| Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks}}
{{tag|br|o}} or {{tag|br|s}} inserts a line break. BothSee versions[[H:BR]] offor the breakother are4 supportedversions bythat HTML5.the {{tag|br|c}}[[MediaWiki]] issoftware invalid.converts Usingto {{tag|br|os}} withoutin the <code>/</code>HTML breaksthat [[Wikipedia:Syntaxbrowsers highlighting#Syntaxread. highlighting of wiki-code for editors|syntax highlighting]], so should be avoided.
 
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText<br />Markup Language</nowiki>
|HyperText<br />Markup Language
}}
 
Line 165 ⟶ 170:
 
==== Comments ====
{{see|WPMOS:COMMENT}}
{{tag|!--}} formats the enclosed text as a hidden comment.
 
Line 188 ⟶ 193:
 
==== abbr ====
{{tag|abbr}} creates a [[Wikipedia:Tooltips|tooltip]] to define an abbreviation or acronym that is displayed on mouse-over.
 
{{markup
Line 232 ⟶ 237:
 
Attributes and values:
* <code>dir</code> —– Specifies the text direction.
** <code>ltr</code>
** <code>rtl</code>
Line 260 ⟶ 265:
}}
 
{{tag|<nowiki><cite></nowiki>}} is generally not used directly in Wikipedia articles, and is often misused; see [[Wikipedia:HTML 5#cite]] for replacement instructions.
 
==== code ====
{{tag|code}} formats a section of computer code. Styled with [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] through {{MediaWiki source|mediawiki.skinning/elements.cssless}} as a monospacedblack slab[[Monospaced seriffont|monospaced]] typeface with a grey background (#F8F9FA) and border (#EAECF0).
 
{{markup
|<nowiki>use <code>HyperTextthis Markup Languagecode</code></nowiki>
|use <code>HyperTextthis Markup Languagecode</code>
|col2=Renders as<ref name="white bgcolor">For the table cell a white background color was chosen here for a better display of the light gray background.</ref>
|col2style=background-color:#fff;
}}
 
Templates: {{tlx|code}} uses {{xtag|syntaxhighlight}}. See the "See also" section at the template page for additional code-markup templates.
 
See the {{section link||samp}} and {{section link||kbd}} sections ofon this page for semantic markup of output and input, respectively.
 
==== data ====
Line 337 ⟶ 344:
 
==== kbd ====
{{tag|kbd}} indicates user input such as keyboard input or voice commands (but ''no'' {{kbd|gray background}} as with the template {{tlx|kbd}}).
 
{{markup
Line 365 ⟶ 372:
{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>HyperText Markup Language</pre></nowiki>
|col2=Renders as<ref name="white bgcolor"/>
 
|col2style=background-color:#fff
 
|<pre>
Line 374 ⟶ 382:
===== HTML entities =====
 
{{tag|pre|o}} parses [[Character encodings in HTML|HTML entities]]. If you want to escape this, replace <code>&</code> with <code>&amp;amp;</code>, or use {{xtag|sourcesyntaxhighlight|params = lang="text"}} instead.
 
{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;amp;</pre></nowiki>
|col2=Renders as<ref name="white bgcolor"/>
 
|col2style=background-color:#fff
 
|<pre>
Line 405 ⟶ 414:
Templates:
* {{tlx|pre}} wraps text that overflows the page.
* {{tlx|pre2}} wraps or uses scrollbox.
 
==== q ====
Line 417 ⟶ 425:
[[MOS:QUOTATIONS]] says Wikipedia should instead use "", {{tl|quote}}, or <nowiki><blockquote></nowiki>.
 
==== rp, rt, rtc, ruby ====
 
{{see|Ruby character}}
 
{{tag|ruby}} marks spans of phrasing content with ruby annotations.
* {{tag|rtc}} marks a ruby text container for ruby text components in a ruby annotation
 
* {{tag|rt}} marks the ruby text component of a ruby annotation; the ruby text shows in a reduced size over top of the normal characters.
* {{tag|rp}} is used to provide parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation, to be shown by user agents that don’tdon't support ruby annotations.▼
 
▲{{tag|rp}} is used to provide parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation, to be shown by user agents that don’t support ruby annotations.
 
Browsers that do not support ruby characters will show the ruby text in normal size, enclosed in parentheses and after the normal content.
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><ruby>
東<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
京<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
</ruby></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|<ruby>
東<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
京<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
</ruby>
}}
Line 447 ⟶ 454:
 
==== s ====
{{tag|s}} is used to indicate inline content that is no longer accurate or relevant and that has been struck from the page. It is not appropriate when indicating document edits; to mark a span of text as having been removed from a document, use {{tag|del|o}}.
 
{{markup
Line 454 ⟶ 461:
}}
 
Templates: {{tlx|strikethrough}} (for inline content), {{tlx|strikethroughdiv}} (for block content)
 
==== samp ====
Line 460 ⟶ 467:
 
{{markup
|<nowiki>sample output: <samp>HyperText Markup LanguageHTML</samp></nowiki>
|sample output: <samp>HyperText Markup LanguageHTML</samp>
}}
 
Line 476 ⟶ 483:
 
Templates:
* {{tlx|small}} uses {{tag|span|o|params=style="font-size:85%;"}}. {{tlx|small}} is recommended over {{tag|small|o}} since not{{tag|small}} has a semantic meaning that is for all[[fine browsersprint]], renderwhereas {{tlx|small}} textis thepurely samestylistic.
 
==== strong ====
Line 540 ⟶ 547:
==== u ====
{{see|MOS:BADEMPHASIS|MOS:QUOTE}}
{{tag|u}} represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is underlining; for example, a span of text in Chinese that is a proper name (a Chinese proper name mark), or span of text that is known to be misspelled.
 
{{tag|u|o}} was [[HTML element#Presentational markup|presentational element of HTML]] that was originally used to underline text; this usage was [[deprecated]] in HTML4 in favor of the [[CSS]] style <code>{text-decoration: underline}</code>.<ref name=mozilla>{{cite web |url=https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/u |title=&lt;u&gt;: The Unarticulated Annotation (Underline) element | date = 1 August 2020 |access-date= 9 October 2020 | website= mozilla.org}}</ref> In HTML5, the tag reappeared but its meaning was changed significantly: it now "represents a span of inline text which should be rendered in a way that indicates that it has a non-textual annotation".<ref name=mozilla /> This facility is intended for example to provide a red wavy line underline to flag spelling errors at input time but which are not to be embedded in any stored file (unlike an emphasis mark, which would be).
 
{{markup
|<nowiki><u>HyperText Markup Language</u></nowiki>
|<u>HyperText Markup Language</u>
}}
 
Templates: {{tlx|underline}} (which supplies the recommended CSS style)
 
==== var ====
Line 554 ⟶ 563:
 
{{markup
|1=<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">
|1=
*<nowiki><var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)</nowiki>
*<nowikicode><code>&lt;nowiki&gt;>{{&lt;</nowiki&gt;><var>TemplateName</var>|<var>parameter</var>=<var>value</var>&lt;<nowiki&gt;>}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;</codenowiki></nowikicode>
*<nowiki>If <var>A</var> then <var>B</var></nowiki>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
|2=
*<var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)<br />
Line 569 ⟶ 581:
 
==== wbr ====
{{see|Help:Line-break handling#&lt;wbr /&gt; and soft hyphens}}
{{tag|wbr|o}} is a word break opportunity; that is, it specifies where it would be OK to add a line-break where a word is too long, or it is perceived that the browser will break a line at the wrong place.
 
Line 591 ⟶ 603:
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|<dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
Line 606 ⟶ 618:
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">; Term
: Definition 1
: Definition 2</nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|<dl><!-- this wikimarkup does not render in this template -->
<dt>Term</dt>
Line 622 ⟶ 634:
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ol></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|<ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ol>
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
Line 642 ⟶ 654:
Wikimarkup: use <code>*</code> for items in an unordered list and <code>#</code> for ordered lists.
{{markup
|1=<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"># Item 1
# Item 2</nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=<nowiki />
# Item 1
# Item 2
|3=<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">* Item 1
* Item 2</nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|4=<nowiki />
* Item 1
Line 682 ⟶ 694:
{{tag|table}} defines a table.
 
* {{tag|tr}} defines a table row.
* {{tag|td}} defines a data cell with contents that may include text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.▼
 
▲{{tag|td}} defines a data cell with contents that may include text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><table border=1>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=<table border=1>
<tr>
Line 712 ⟶ 723:
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Header</th>
Line 721 ⟶ 732:
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=<table border="1">
<tr>
Line 742 ⟶ 753:
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
<tr>
Line 748 ⟶ 759:
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=<table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
Line 767 ⟶ 778:
== Obsolete/deprecated elements ==
{{main|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}}
These elements are now obsolete and either deprecated or removed in HTML5, butalthough they are still supported by browsers.<ref name="w3c_obsolete" /> '''Their use should be avoided on Wikipedia.''' These tags either have an alternate tag or a template that replaces their function with CSS; except for {{tag|big}}, the tags are being replaced by editors on pages throughout Wikipedia (see [[Wikipedia:Linter]] for more details). See {{slink|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}} for more details on obsolete HTML parts and their replacements.
 
=== big ===
{{dc|{{tag|big}} (obsolete)}} was used to render text in a "large" font.
 
Templates: {{tlx|big}} uses CSS.
 
=== center ===
{{for|centering tables|Help:Table#Centering tables}}
{{dc|{{tag|center}} (obsolete)}} iswas used to center text elements.
 
Templates: {{tlx|center}} uses CSS.
 
=== font ===
{{dc|{{tag|font}} (obsolete)}} iswas used to set the font size, font face and color of text.
 
Templates: {{tlx|font}} uses CSS.
 
=== rb ===
{{dc|{{tag|rb}} (obsolete)}} Usedwas used to mark base text in a ruby annotation.
 
For replacements, see: [[Help:HTML in wikitext#rp, rt, rtc, ruby]]
 
=== strike ===
{{dc|{{tag|strike}} (obsolete)}} formatsformatted strike-through characters; use {{tag|s}} or {{tag|odel}} instead, depending on the context.
 
=== tt ===
{{dc|{{tag|tt}} (obsolete)}} formatsformatted text in a fixed-width font. Use {{tag|code|o}}, {{tag|kbd|o}}, {{tag|var|o}}, or {{tag|samp|o}} instead, depending on the context.
 
Templates: {{tlx|mono}} uses CSS.
Line 799 ⟶ 815:
=== a ===
{{details|Help:Wiki markup#Links and URLs}}
{{tag|a|o}} is used to create links. Use the <code><nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki></code> wikimarkup for internal/intrawiki links and [[Help:Interwiki linking|interwiki links]], and <code><nowiki>[ ]</nowiki></code> for external links.
 
=== input ===
Line 806 ⟶ 822:
 
== HTML Tidy ==
{{historical |type=section}}
[[HTML Tidy]] is an outdated HTML4 library{{vague|upstream is now HTML5}} that is [[:mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|slated for removal]]. Tidy parses the MediaWiki output and cleans it up to increase the likelihood that valid HTML4 is rendered. For example, with Tidy enabled, {{tag|br|o}}, {{tag|br|c}}, {{tag|br/|o}}, {{tag|br.|o}} all rendered as {{tag|br|s}}. Tidy is not enabled for [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki interface pages]]. Tidy was never perfect and has been known to introduce errors.
 
== Exceptions ==
Line 822 ⟶ 839:
 
== See also ==
* [[Help:Wiki markupWikitext]]
* [[Wikipedia:HTML5]]
* [[:Category:Wikipedia XHTML tag-replacing templates]]
 
== References ==
Line 834 ⟶ 852:
== External links ==
* HTML 4.01 specification: [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/elements.html elements] | [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/attributes.html attributes]
* HTML 5.2 specification: [https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/fullindex.html#index-elements elements] | [https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/fullindex.html#attributes-table attributes]
 
{{Wikipedia directories}}
{{Help navigation}}
{{Wikipedia technicaleditor help|collapsednavigation}}
 
[[Category:Wikipedia editor help]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext"