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{{Short description|2011 fan-created film preservation of the original Star Wars trilogy films}}
{{good article}}
[[File:Harmy's Despecialized Edition.jpg|thumb|
'''''Star Wars: The Despecialized Edition''''', also known as '''''Harmy's Despecialized Edition''''', is a [[Fan edit|fan-created]] [[film preservation]] of the [[Star Wars original trilogy|original ''Star Wars'' trilogy]] films: ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'' (1977), ''[[The Empire Strikes Back]]'' (1980), and ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'' (1983). It is a high-quality [[replica]] of the out-of-print theatrical versions, created by a team of ''Star Wars'' fans with the intention of preserving the films, culturally and historically. The project was led by Petr Harmáček, then an English teacher, from [[Plzeň]], [[Czech Republic]], under the online alias ''Harmy''.
The original ''Star Wars'' trilogy was created by [[George Lucas]] and released theatrically between 1977 and 1983. For the franchise's 20th anniversary in 1997, Lucas introduced noticeable [[Changes in Star Wars re-releases|changes within the films]] to address his dissatisfaction with the original cuts. These versions, promoted as the "Special Edition", included additional scenes, different dialogue, new [[sound effects]], and [[computer-generated imagery]]. These changes, along with more changes added in 2004 and 2011, were carried over into subsequent home video releases. {{As of|2025}}, the original theatrical releases are not commercially available, and have never been officially released in [[High-definition video|high definition]].
The new changes were met with a negative response from critics and fans. Harmáček felt that changing the films in this way constituted "an act of cultural vandalism".<ref name=Hosie/> In 2010, he began to create a high-definition reconstruction of the films' theatrical versions. He and a team of eight other fans used the 2011 [[Blu-ray]] releases for the majority of material, the lower-definition 1993 [[LaserDisc]] releases as a guide to the original version, and various other sources. The first version was published online in 2011, and updated versions have been released since.
As a [[derivative work]], ''Harmy's Despecialized Edition'' cannot be legally bought or sold in the United States and other countries with treaties respecting US copyrights, and is "to be shared among legal owners of the officially available releases only".<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Ultimate Introductory Guide to Harmy's Star Wars Trilogy Despecialized Editions |url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yLsvexWBVM8IYSGopKuSfsGk5YIgCwQWd23bqb5ryD4/pub |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222122728/https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yLsvexWBVM8IYSGopKuSfsGk5YIgCwQWd23bqb5ryD4/pub |archive-date=2017-02-22 |access-date=2020-05-20 |website=docs.google.com}}</ref> Consequently, the films are mainly available via various file sharing methods. Reaction to the project has been mostly positive, with critics generally praising the quality and [[aesthetics]] of the work.
==Background==
{{Further|Changes in Star Wars re-releases}}
{{stack|[[File:Star Wars Logo.svg|thumb|''Star Wars'' logo|alt=The words "STAR WARS" written in a large, yellow, outline font against a black background]]}}
The original ''Star Wars'' trilogy was a Lucasfilm production released theatrically by [[20th Century Fox]] between 1977 and 1983, and was subsequently released on home media during the 1980s and 1990s. The films were distributed by [[CBS/Fox Video]] on several formats, such as [[VHS]], [[Betamax]], and LaserDisc.<ref name=Goldberg/> In 1997, to coincide with the 20th anniversary of ''Star Wars'', Lucas re-released new cuts of the trilogy to theaters, naming them the "Special Editions". The
Despite a high demand and many online fan petitions, Lucasfilm has refused to release the theatrical versions of ''Star Wars'' in HD quality. In 2010, Lucas stated that bringing the original cuts to Blu-ray would be a "very, very expensive" process;<ref name=Brew/> {{As of|2025|lc=y}}, the films are still only widely available in their altered versions.<ref name="Hutchinson, Lee" />
==Production==
===Conception===
Petr Harmáček (known online by the alias "Harmy") had watched a dubbed version of the original cut of ''Star Wars'' at the age of six, and had then seen the Special Editions of ''The Empire Strikes Back'' and ''Return of the Jedi'' on their 1997 release.<ref name=Jun/> Although initially admiring them, he became disappointed when he learned how much the films had been changed retroactively; he argued that replacing the original effects with re-composited digital effects was "an act of cultural vandalism".<ref name=Hosie/> A fan of the original trilogy, he had written his undergraduate thesis on their cultural impact.<ref name=Eveleth/> After seeing a trailer for
===Editing===
{{Quote box
|width=30em
|quote=
▲|quote="Look at this awesome film that was made in the '70s ... I want to show that to people. I wanted to show my brother. He was three when I started working and I showed it to him when he was five and he loved it."
|source=— Petr "Harmy" Harmáček explaining his motivation for creating the ''Despecialized Edition''<ref name=Eveleth/>
}}
Harmáček began creating his new cuts in 2010.<ref name=Brew/> At the time, he was working as an English teacher in Plzeň
===Sources===
To help, Harmáček was assisted by a group of similarly-minded fans from the website OriginalTrilogy.com,<ref name=Smith/> whom he knew by their online aliases Dark Jedi, YouToo, Puggo, Team Negative 1, Belbucus, Hairy_Hen, CatBus and Laserschwert.<ref name=Miller/> In total, the project took thousands of hours of work between them.<ref name=Hosie/> In 2011, one year after the project had begun, the first version of ''Harmy's Despecialized Edition'' was published online;<ref name=Gizmodo/> new and updated versions have been created regularly in the five years that followed.<ref name=Hutchinson/> {{As of|2017|2}}, the most recent "despecialized" versions of ''Star Wars'', ''The Empire Strikes Back'' and ''Return of the Jedi'' are v2.7, v2.0 and v2.5 respectively.<ref name=Eveleth/> As a result of the project, Harmáček was able to quit his teaching job and in 2015 was hired by [[UltraFlix]] to prepare and restore a library of 4K-encoded films for sale and rent. He has since joined UPP, a Prague-based VFX house, as a 2D digital compositor and worked on such projects as ''[[Blade Runner 2049]]'', ''[[Wonder Woman (2017 film)|Wonder Woman]]'', and AMC's ''[[The Terror (TV series)|The Terror]]''.<ref name=Miller/><ref name=Brew/>▼
Most of the source material used for ''Harmy's Despecialized Edition'' was taken from Lucasfilm's official Blu-ray release of the films in 2011, while other sequences were upscaled from previous home video releases.
These include:
* The 2-disc "Limited Edition" DVD release from 2006. This set contains a low resolution copy of the theatrical cuts on a bonus disc. Harmy refers to this disc as "George's Original Unaltered Trilogy" (GOUT).<ref name=GeekDad/>
* The official trilogy on DVD box set from 2004, primarily the [[HDTV]] broadcasts of those versions of the films.
* The 1997 "Special Edition" re-releases, most notably digital broadcasts of those cuts along with their LaserDisc releases.
* The 1993 LaserDisc "Definitive Collection" box set.
* Digital transfers of a Spanish 35 mm Kodak LPP and 70 mm film cels, a 16 mm print.
* A collection of still images of the original matte paintings.
Harmáček edited these sources together using programs such as Avisynth and Adobe After Effects.<ref name=Hosie/>
▲
===Legality===
The legality of downloading ''Harmy's Despecialized Edition'' is contentious.<ref name=Goldberg/> As a fan edit, the cut cannot be legally bought or sold, and treads a line between [[Fair Use|fair use]] and copyright infringement.<ref name=Broughall/> OriginalTrilogy.com states that the edits are "made for culturally historical and educational purposes" and that they are "to be shared among legal owners of the officially available releases only".<ref name=Brew/> Consequently, the films are only available via various [[BitTorrent]] trackers and through specialized rapid download programs using file sharing sites.<ref name=Gordon/><ref name=Machkovech/> Harmáček himself remarked: "I'm convinced that 99% of people who download this already bought ''Star Wars'' 10 times over on DVD."<ref name=Eveleth/> {{As of|
==Translated versions==
In 2013, Italian blogger "Leo", from the blog DoppiaggiItalioti.it – which discusses Italian adaptations of foreign films, both satirizing dubbing and translation errors and endorsing good dubs – worked on an [[Italian language|Italian-language]] version of ''Harmy's Despecialized Edition'' for the original ''Star Wars'' movie, together with other people, and with Harmáček's permission.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-06-17 |title=Doppiaggi Italioti presenta l'originale Guerre stellari (che non esiste più) |url=https://doppiaggiitalioti.com/2013/06/17/doppiaggi-italioti-introduce-loriginale-guerre-stellari/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624114021/https://doppiaggiitalioti.com/2013/06/17/doppiaggi-italioti-introduce-loriginale-guerre-stellari/ |archive-date=2021-06-24 |access-date=2021-10-21 |website=Doppiaggi italioti |language=it-IT}}</ref> He used original 35mm prints of the localized Italian-language edition, as well as a rare 1991 VHS copy, to reproduce the [[Star Wars opening crawl|opening crawl]], subtitles, and end credits (even preserving some typos) of the film, as they were seen in Italian theaters. This version is no longer available, since it is based on an outdated version of Harmáček's work, although an update to the blog post assures that when a "definitive" edition is released, the localization will be adapted to that one. The update also refers to another "multilanguage" version of the ''Despecialized Edition'', featuring several audio tracks – the Italian one is taken from the Italian version of the 2006 limited edition DVD – over the original English-language video.
The project also restored the original Italian trailer for the film, which Leo produced using the video from the original US trailer and audio from low-definition copies, as well as completely remaking the text sections.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-06-29 |title=Trailer dell'edizione despecializzata di Guerre Stellari (1977) |url=https://doppiaggiitalioti.com/2013/06/29/trailer-delledizione-despecializzata-di-guerre-stellari-1977/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412153653/https://doppiaggiitalioti.com/2013/06/29/trailer-delledizione-despecializzata-di-guerre-stellari-1977/ |archive-date=2021-04-12 |access-date=2021-10-21 |website=Doppiaggi italioti |language=it-IT}}</ref>
== Team Negative 1, Project 4K77, and subsequent restorations ==
{{Third-party|section|date=November 2023}}
Although Harmy's Despecialized Editions have been widely praised, some have remarked that they are still technically reconstructions using digital effects and upscaling of low quality sources,<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDz8VMMJU6I&t=767s |title=Introducing the Despecialized Edition and Its Sources |date=2021-03-11 |type=Motion Picture |language=en |publisher=Harmáček, Petr |place=Czech Republic |access-date=2023-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725204203/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDz8VMMJU6I&t=767s |archive-date=2023-07-25 |url-status=live |people=Harmáček, Petr (Director)}}</ref> rather than truly unaltered preservations. This led to subsequent attempts at improvement, such as the ''Silver Screen Edition''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dreamaster |date=2016-04-22 |title=Info: Improving Silver Screen Edition colors on the cheap |url=https://originaltrilogy.com/topic/Info-Improving-Silver-Screen-Edition-colors-on-the-cheap/id/49565 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725204204/https://originaltrilogy.com/topic/Info-Improving-Silver-Screen-Edition-colors-on-the-cheap/id/49565 |archive-date=2023-07-25 |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=Original Trilogy.com}}</ref> and ''Skywalker Edition.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Collipso |date=2018-09-18 |title=**4K77** - Released - Original Trilogy |url=https://originaltrilogy.com/topic/4K77-Released/id/60815/page/17#1241141 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725204203/https://originaltrilogy.com/topic/4K77-Released/id/60815/page/17#1241141 |archive-date=2023-07-25 |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=Original Trilogy.com}}</ref>
One of these efforts, ''Project 4K77,'' is a fan project to scan and restore original 35mm prints of ''Star Wars'' from 1977.<ref name="NYTimes2024" /> The project name refers to the [[4K resolution]] used and the film's release year of 1977.<ref name="NYTimes2024" /> In 2016, a few 35mm prints were located and donated to a group of fans called "Team Negative 1" (TN1), who scanned these prints at 4K resolution. TN1 released the film online in May 2018, first of the restored video came from a single print that was dubbed in Spanish, with the remainder from an alternate print and some frames upscaled from the official Lucasfilm Blu-ray.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Project 4K77 {{!}} The Star Wars Trilogy |url=https://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/project-4k77/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028162528/https://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/project-4k77/ |archive-date=2020-10-28 |access-date=2020-10-04 |language=en-US}}</ref>
TN1 followed ''4K77'' with ''Project 4K83'', based on an original 35mm print of ''Return of the Jedi'' (released in 1983) that was discovered and scanned in 4K.<ref name="NYTimes2024" /> According to their website, this print required little cleanup, and the restoration was released in October 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Project 4K83 {{!}} The Star Wars Trilogy |url=https://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/project-4k83/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028162547/https://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/project-4k83/ |archive-date=2020-10-28 |access-date=2020-10-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> TN1 released a subsequent improved V2.0 of this restoration in 2023, which contains more "theatrically accurate" colors due to a technical error when encoding the original release.
''Project 4K80'', a restoration of ''The Empire Strikes Back'' (1980),<ref name="NYTimes2024" /> was begun by TN1 in 2020, reporting that although they have multiple prints, some were faded and they required substantially more cleanup, with a projected two-year time frame to complete.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Project 4K80 {{!}} The Star Wars Trilogy |url=https://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/project-4k80/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001055812/https://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/project-4k80/ |archive-date=2020-10-01 |access-date=2020-10-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released in February 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-12 |title=4K80 Is Finally Done! {{!}} The Star Wars Trilogy |url=https://www.thestarwarstrilogy.com/2024/02/12/4k80-is-finally-done/ |access-date=2025-04-05 |language=en-US}}</ref>
==Reception==
Reaction to ''Harmy's Despecialized Edition'' has been almost universally positive. Writing for ''[[Inverse (website)|Inverse]]'', Sean Hutchinson placed it at number one on his list of the best ''Star Wars'' fan edits, and described it as "the perfect pre-1997 way to experience the saga
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Brew">{{Cite web |last=Brew |first=Simon |date=May 20, 2015 |title=Star Wars: Fan creates 'despecialized' original trilogy |url=http://www.denofgeek.us/movies/star-wars/246390/star-wars-fan-creates-despecialized-original-trilogy
<ref name="Broughall">{{Cite web |last=Broughall |first=Nick |date=December 18, 2015 |title=Awakening the Force in my son was easier with the Harmy Despecialized Editions |url=http://www.techradar.com/news/video/awakening-the-force-in-my-son-was-easier-with-the-harmy-despecialized-editions-1311467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120160859/http://www.techradar.com/news/video/awakening-the-force-in-my-son-was-easier-with-the-harmy-despecialized-editions-1311467 |archive-date=January 20, 2016 |access-date=January 27, 2016 |publisher=[[TechRadar]]}}</ref>
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<ref name="Hutchinson, Lee">{{Cite web |last=Hutchinson |first=Lee |date=May 10, 2014 |title=Could Disney finally give us the remastered, unedited Star Wars we want? |url=https://
<ref name="Johncock">{{Cite web |
<ref name="Jun">{{Cite web |last=Jun |first=Dominik |date=November 8, 2014 |title=The Czech guerilla restorationist battling to 'save Star Wars' |url=http://www.radio.cz/en/section/special/the-czech-guerilla-restorationist-battling-to-save-star-wars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113070333/http://radio.cz/en/section/special/the-czech-guerilla-restorationist-battling-to-save-star-wars |archive-date=November 13, 2014 |access-date=April 25, 2016 |publisher=[[Radio Prague]] |___location=Prague}}</ref>
▲<ref name=Johncock>{{Cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/benjamin-johncock/on-star-wars-the-craft-of_b_8838360.html |title=On Star Wars, The Craft of Writing and What Novelists Can Learn From 'The Force Awakens' |last=Johncock |first=Benjamin |date=December 21, 2015 |website=[[The Huffington Post]] |publisher= |___location= |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6eqZZPmUg?url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/benjamin-johncock/on-star-wars-the-craft-of_b_8838360.html |archive-date=January 27, 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=January 27, 2016 |df= }}</ref>
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==External links==
*{{YouTube|user=harmacek|Harmy}}
*{{Facebook|despecialized|''Star Wars'' Trilogy Despecialized Edition}}
*[https://originaltrilogy.com/topic/Harmys-Despecialized-Star-Wars-1977-Color-Adjustment-Project-for-v27-released/id/48257 ''Star Wars'' 1977 - Despecialized Edition - Latest Changes]
*[https://www.looper.com/211938/why-watching-the-best-version-of-star-wars-is-actually-illegal/ Why watching the best version of Star Wars is actually illegal] via [[Looper (website)|Looper]]
*{{IMDb title|id=5639360|title=Star Wars: Despecialized Edition Remastered V2.5, Introducing the Sources}}
{{Non-canon Star Wars}}
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[[Category:
[[Category:2011 films]]
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[[Category:Fan films based on Star Wars]]
[[Category:Unofficial adaptations]]
[[Category:2010s American films]]
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