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'''Encoder''' may refer to: In this process, we represent the input data meaningfully, which helps someone else to interpret it.
An '''encoder''' is a device, circuit, transducer, software program, algorithm or person that [[encoding|converts]] information from one format or [[code]] to another, for the purpose of standardization, speed or compression.
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===Electronic circuits === ▼==Examples==
* A [[ videoAudio encoder]] , converts analogdigital videoaudio to digitalanalog videoaudio signals ▼* [[Video encoder]], converts digital video to analog video signals
Software for encoding [[Comparison of audio coding formats|audio]], [[Comparison of video codecs|video]], images, or [[character encoding|text]] into standardized formats:
* [[Simple encoder]], assigns a binary code to an active input line
* A [[data compression|compressor]] encodes data (e.g., audio/video/images) into a smaller form (see [[codec]]) ▼* An [[audioPriority encoder]], outputs a convertsbinary analogcode audiorepresenting tothe digitalhighest-priority audioactive signalsinput
* An [[8b/10b encoding|8b/10b encoder]] , creates DC balance on a communication transmission line ▼▲* A [[video encoder]] converts analog video to digital video signals
▲* An [[8b/10b encoding|8b/10b encoder]] creates DC balance on a communication transmission line
===Transducers===
▲* A [[data compression| compressorCompressor]] , encodes data (e.g., audio/video/images) into a smaller form (see [[codec]])
Transducers (such as optical or magnetic encoders) sense position or orientation for use as a reference or active feedback to control position:
* A [[rotary encoder]] converts rotary position to an analog (e.g., analog quadrature) or digital (e.g., digital quadrature, 32-bit parallel, or USB) electronic signal.
* A [[linear encoder]] similarly converts linear position to an electronic signal. ▼Such encoders can be either absolute or incremental. The signal from an absolute encoder gives an unambiguous position within the travel range without requiring knowledge of any previous position. The signal from an [[incremental encoder]] is cyclical, thus ambiguous, and requires counting of cycles to maintain absolute position within the travel range. Both can provide the same accuracy; the absolute encoder is more robust to interruptions in transducer signal, whereas the incremental encoder reports position changes in real time.
== Sensors ==
===Telecommunications===
* [[Encoder (position)]]
* A [[Integrated circuit|device]] used to change a [[Signalling (telecommunication)|signal]] (such as a [[bitstream]]) or [[data]] into a [[code]].
** [[Rotary encoder]], converts rotary position to electronic signals
▲* A* [[ linearLinear encoder]] similarly, converts linear position to an electronic signal.signals
▲===Electronic circuits===
* A* [[simpleAbsolute encoder]], assigns a binary code to anoutputs activethe inputabsolute line.position
** [[Incremental encoder]], converts position changes to electronic signals in real time
* [[Priority encoder]]s establish the priority of competing inputs (such as interrupt requests) by outputting a binary code representing the highest-priority active input.
* [[Altitude encoder]]
==See also==
* [[Decoder (disambiguation)|Decoder]]
* [[CodecEncode (disambiguation)]]
* [[Line code]]
* [[Modulation]]
* [[Database normalization|Redundancy in databases]]
* [[Television encoding]]: [[NTSC]], [[PAL]] and [[SECAM]]
* [[Transcoding]]
==External links==
{{Wiktionary}}
*[http://www.asic-world.com/digital/combo3.html ASIC-World's Digital Combinational Logic (part III)] – an overview of encoders in circuitry.
{{disambiguation}}
[[Category:Digital circuits]]
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