Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Indian politician (1880–1959)}}

[[Image:Pattabhi Sitaramayya 1948.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Pattabhi Sitaramayya (1948)]]

{{more citations needed|date=April 2019}}

'''Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya''' (b. [[November 24]], [[1880]] in Gundugolanu village,krishna district(now part of West Godavari District) in [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]; d. [[1959]]) was an Indian independence activist and political leader in the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]].

{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Pattabhi Sitaramayya

| image = Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya 1997 stamp of India.jpg

| imagesize =

| caption =

| order = 1st

| office = Governor of Madhya Pradesh

| 1blankname = Chief Minister

| 1namedata = [[Ravishankar Shukla]]<br>[[Bhagwantrao Mandloi]]<br>[[Kailash Nath Katju]]

| term_start = 1 November 1956

| term_end = 13 June 1957

| predecessor = ''Office Established''

| successor = [[Hari Vinayak Pataskar]]

| office1 = [[President of the Indian National Congress]]

| term_start1 = 1948

| term_end1 = 1949

| predecessor1 = [[J. B. Kripalani]]

| successor1 = [[Purushottam Das Tandon]]

| birth_date = {{birth date|1880|11|24|df=y}}

| birth_place = [[Gundugolanu]], [[Eluru District]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British India]]

| height =

| death_date = {{death date and age|1959|12|17|1880|11|24|df=y}}

| death_place = [[Hyderabad]], Andhra Pradesh, India<br />{{small|''(Now in [[Telangana]], India)''}}

| birth_name = Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya

| othername =

| spouse =

| party = [[Indian National Congress]]

| nationality =

}}

'''Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya''' (24 November 1880 – 17 December 1959)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.congresssandesh.com/AICC/history/presidents/dr_pattabhi_sitaraimayya.htm |title=Dr Pattabhi Sitaraimayya |access-date=6 March 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070301000033/http://www.congresssandesh.com/AICC/history/presidents/dr_pattabhi_sitaraimayya.htm |archive-date=1 March 2007 |publisher=congresssandesh.com }}</ref>{{efn|Some sources give birth date as 24 November 1888.}} was an Indian independence activist and political leader in the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. He was also the first governor (1 November 1956 – 13 June 1957) of Madhya Pradesh. His books include ''Feathers and Stones'', ''The History of Congress'', and ''Gandhi and Gandhism''.

Pattabhi who had a BA degree in Madras Christian College, fulfilled his ambition to become a medical practitioner by securing a M.B.C.M. degree. He started his practice as a doctor in the coastal town of [[Machilipatnam]]. He left his lucrative practice to join the freedom fighting movement. He was recruited to run for the presidency of the [[Indian National Congress]] as the candidate closest to [[Mohandas Gandhi]], against the more-radical [[Subhas Bose]] in [[1939]]. He lost owing to Bose's rising popularity and the belief that Pattabhi favored the inclusion of [[Tamil people|Tamil]]-majority districts in a future [[Telegu]] state in independent India.

==Early life and education==

Serving on the [[Congress Working Committee]] when ''[[Quit India]]'' was launched in [[1942]], Pattabhi was arrested with the entire committee and incarcerated for three years without outside contact in the fort in [[Ahmednagar]], [[Maharashtra]]. During this time he maintained a detailed [[diary]] of day-to-day life during imprisonment, which was published later as ''Feathers and Stones''. He ran successfully for Congress presidency in [[1948]], winning with the support of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], the [[Prime Minister of India]]. Prior to this he served as a member in the Constituent Assembly, in 1952 he was elected to Rajya Sabha. Pattabhi also served as the [[Governor]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]] from [[1952]] to [[1957]]. He established [[Andhra Bank]] in [[Machilipatnam]] on [[28 November]], [[1923]]. [[Andhra Bank]] is currently one of the major [[commercial bank]]s of India, with over 1179 branches as of [[September 2005]].

Born in [[Gundugolanu]] village, [[Krishna district]] (now part of [[Eluru district]]) in [[Andhra Pradesh]] to a [[Niyogi|Telugu Niyogi]] Brahmin family, Pattabhi graduated from the [[Madras Christian College]], fulfilled his ambition to become a medical practitioner by securing a M.B.C.M. degree.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian National Congress|url=https://www.inc.in/en/leadership/past-party-president/b-pattabhi-sitaramayyaa|access-date=2020-09-22|website=Indian National Congress | url-status=dead | archive-date=7 July 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707222641/https://www.inc.in/en/leadership/past-party-president/b-pattabhi-sitaramayyaa}}</ref>

== Controversy Career==

===Medical and early political career===

Pattabhi Sitaramayya justifies the orders of Aurangazeb to demolish the Kashi Vishvanath temple in his book Feathers and the Stones.[http://koenraadelst.bharatvani.org/articles/ayodhya/kashivishvanath.html]. This has made him unpopular among many current generation Hindus.

He started his practice as a doctor in the coastal town of [[Machilipatnam]], headquarters of Krishna District and the political centre of Andhra. He left his lucrative practice to join the freedom fighting movement. During the years 1912–13, when there was a great controversy over the desirability of forming a separate province for [[Andhra State|Andhra]], he wrote a number of articles in "The Hindu" and other journals explaining the need for immediate formation of linguistic provinces.

At the Lucknow session of the Congress in 1916, he demanded the formation of separate Congress circle for Andhra. The demand was opposed by Mahatma Gandhi, but as [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak|Tilak]] supported Pattabhi, the Andhra Congress Committee came into existence in 1918. He was a member of the Working Committee of the Congress for a number of years and the President of Andhra Provincial Congress Committee in 1937–40.

==References==

*[http://www.andhrabank-india.com/english/bankprofile.asp#founder Pattabhi's biography]

*[http://www.freeindia.org/dynamic/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=466 FreeIndia.org - B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya's biography]

*[http://www.congresssandesh.com/AICC/history/presidents/dr_pattabhi_sitaraimayya.htm Congress Sandesh - Pattabhi Sitaramayya's biography]

===Publications and imprisonment===

{{IndiaFreedom}}

Pattabhi who had a BA degree in Madras Christian College, fulfilled his ambition to become a medical practitioner by securing a M.B.C.M. degree. He started his practice as a doctor in the coastal town of [[Machilipatnam]]. He left his lucrative practice to join the freedom fighting movement. He was recruited to runran for the presidency of the [[Indian National Congress]] as the candidate closest to [[Mohandas Gandhi]], against the more-radical [[SubhasNetaji Subash Chandra Bose]] in [[Tripuri Session of 1939]] (in Madhya Pradesh) . He lost owing to Bose[[Netaji]]'s rising popularity and the belief that Pattabhi favoredfavoured the inclusion of [[Tamil people|Tamil]]-majority districts in a future [[TeleguTelugu people|Telugu]] state in independent India.

Serving on the [[Congress Working Committee]] when ''the [[Quit India Movement]]'' was launched in [[1942]], Pattabhi was arrested with the entire committee and incarcerated for three years without outside contact in the fort in [[Ahmednagar]], [[Maharashtra]]. During this time he maintained a detailed [[diary]] of day-to-day life during imprisonment, which was published later as ''Feathers and Stones''. He ranis successfully for Congress presidency in [[1948]], winning withalso the supportauthor of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], the [[Prime''The MinisterHistory of India]]. Prior to this he served as a member in the ConstituentCongress'' Assembly,published in 19521935 hewith wasan electedintroductory tonote Rajyagiven Sabha. Pattabhi also served asby the [[Governor]] of [[MadhyaRajendra Pradesh]] from [[1952]] to [[1957Prasad]]. HeHis establishedother [[Andhrapopular Bank]]publication inwas [[Machilipatnam]]''Gandhi onand [[28Gandhism'' November]], [[1923]]. [[Andhra Bank]] is currently one of the major [[commercial bank]]s of India, with over 1179 branches as of [[September 2005]].

===High office===

He ran successfully for Congress presidency in 1948, winning with the support of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], the [[Prime Minister of India]]. He was a member of the J.V.P. Committee (Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel and Pattabhi) which formally rejected the reorganization of states on linguistic lines but after a 56-day hunger strike by [[Potti Sriramulu]] the formation of Andhra State without Madras City took place. Prior to this he served as a member in the Constituent Assembly, in 1952 he was elected to Rajya Sabha. Pattabhi also served as the [[Governor]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]] from 1956 to 1957.

[[File:Scan10014-Enhanced-Colorized.jpg|thumb]]

===Andhra Bank===

With the financial support of [[Yarlagadda Sivarama Prasad|Srimantu Raja Yarlagadda Sivarama Prasad Bahadur]], Sitaramayya established [[Andhra Bank]] in [[Machilipatnam]] on 28 November 1923 which is currently one of the major [[commercial bank]]s of India. Its present headquarters is located at Hyderabad. The head office of Andhra Bank, "Pattabhi Bhavan", is named after him. He also started Andhra Insurance Company, Krishna Jilla Co-Operative Bank in [[Krishna District]] Bhagyalakshmi Bank.

== Notes ==

{{notelist}}

==References==

{{reflist}}

==External links==

[[Category:Presidents of the Indian National Congress|Sitaramayva, Pattabhi]]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060218012515/http://www.andhrabank-india.com/english/bankprofile.asp#founder Pattabhi's biography]

[[Category:Indian independence activists|Sitaramayya, Pattabhi]]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050314011814/http://www.freeindia.org/dynamic/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=466 FreeIndia.org -– B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya's biography]

[[Category:Telugu people|Sitaramayya, Pattabhi]]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070301000033/http://www.congresssandesh.com/AICC/history/presidents/dr_pattabhi_sitaraimayya.htm Congress Sandesh -– Pattabhi Sitaramayya's biography]

[[Category:1880 births|Sitaramayya, Pattabhi]]

{{Governors of Madhya Pradesh}}

[[Category:1959 deaths|Sitaramayya, Pattabhi]]

{{Indian National Congress Presidents}}

{{Authority control}}

[[sv{{DEFAULTSORT:Pattabhi Sitaramayya]], Bhogaraju Pattabhi}}

[[Category:Presidents of the Indian National Congress|Sitaramayva, Pattabhi]]

[[Category:Indian independence activists|Sitaramayya, Pattabhifrom Andhra Pradesh]]

[[Category:Governors of Madhya Pradesh]]

[[Category:Telugu people|Sitaramayya, Pattabhipoliticians]]

[[Category:1880 births|Sitaramayya, Pattabhi]]

[[Category:1959 deaths|Sitaramayya, Pattabhi]]

[[Category:Politicians from Krishna district]]

[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]]

[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Andhra Pradesh]]

[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of British India]]

[[Category:Andhra movement]]