Parallel rendering: Difference between revisions

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'''Parallel rendering''' (or '''distributed rendering''') is the application of [[parallel programming]] to the computational ___domain of [[computer graphics]]. [[Rendering (computer graphics)|Rendering]] graphics can require massive computational resources for complex scenes that arise in [[scientific visualization]], [[medical visualization]], [[Computer-aided design|CAD]] applications, and [[virtual reality]]. Recent research has also suggested that parallel rendering can be applied to [[mobile gaming]] to decrease power consumption and increase graphical fidelity.<ref>{{Cite journal|lastlast1=Wu|firstfirst1=C.|last2=Yang|first2=B.|last3=Zhu|first3=W.|last4=Zhang|first4=Y.|date=2017|title=Toward High Mobile GPU Performance through Collaborative Workload Offloading|journal=IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems|volume=PP|issue=99|pages=435–449|doi=10.1109/tpds.2017.2754482|issn=1045-9219|doi-access=free}}</ref> Rendering is an [[embarrassingly parallel]] workload in multiple domains (e.g., pixels, objects, frames) and thus has been the subject of much research.

== Workload distribution ==

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=== Frame distribution ===

Each processing unit can render an entire frame from a different point of view or moment in time. The frames rendered from different points of view can improve image quality with anti-aliasing or add effects like depth-of-field and [[three-dimensional display]] output. This approach allows for good performance scaling but no data scaling.

When rendering sequential frames in parallel there will be a lag for interactive sessions. The lag between user input and the action being displayed is proportional to the number of sequential frames being rendered in parallel.

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The open source software package [[Chromium (computer graphics)|Chromium]] provides a parallel rendering mechanism for existing applications. It intercepts the [[OpenGL]] calls and processes them, typically to send them to multiple rendering units driving a [[video wall|display wall]].

Equalizer is an open source rendering [[Software framework|framework]] and resource management system for multipipe applications. Equalizer provides an [[Application programming interface|API]] to write parallel, scalable visualization applications which are configured at run-time by a resource server.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.equalizergraphics.com/ |title=ArchivedEqualizer: copyParallel Rendering |access-date=2020-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511163442/http://www.equalizergraphics.com/ |archive-date=2008-05-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[OpenSG]] is an open source [[Scene graph|scenegraph]] system that provides parallel rendering capabilities, especially on clusters. It hides the complexity of parallel [[Thread (computer science)|multi-threaded]] and clustered applications and supports sort-first as well as sort-last rendering.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.opensg.org/ |title=Archived copyOpenSG |access-date=2020-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806213018/http://www.opensg.org/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Golem is an open source [[decentralized application]] used for [[parallel computing]] that currently works with rendering in [[Blender_(software)|Blender]] and has plans to incorporate more uses.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Golem Network|url=https://golem.network/|access-date=2021-05-16|website=golem.network}}</ref>

==See also==

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Parallel Rendering}}

{{Computer graphics}}

[[Category:3D computer graphics]]

[[Category:Applications of distributed computing]]