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A GNSS receiver, in general, is an electronic device that receives and digitally processes the signals from a navigation satellite constellation in order to provide position, velocity and time (of the receiver).
GNSS receivers have been traditionally implemented in hardware: a ''hardware GNSS receiver'' is conceived as a dedicated chip that
In a software GNSS receiver, all digital processing is performed by a general purpose [[microprocessor]]. In this approach, a small amount of inexpensive hardware is still needed, known as the ''[[RF front end|frontend]]'', that digitizes the signal from the satellites. The microprocessor can then work on this ''raw'' digital stream to implement the GNSS functionality.
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Currently, most of the GNSS receiver market is still ''hardware''. However, there already exist operational solutions based on the software approach able to run on low-cost microprocessors. Software GNSS receivers are expected to increase their market share or even take over in the near future, following the development of the computational capabilities of the microprocessors ([[Moore's law]]).
== Comparison of GNSS SDR implementations ==
{{Needs table|section=y|date=August 2015}}
*'''Galileo Satellite Navigation LTD.- GSN''':
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*** Multi-correlator: yes
*** Sample data recording: yes
*** [[Multipath mitigation]]: yes (several algorithms)
* '''GNSS-SDRLIB'''
**''General information:''
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*** User interface (none, [[Command-line interface|CLI]], [[GUI]]): CLI.
*** Number of developers: 26 (along the project)
*** Under active development (as-of date): yes (
*** Creator/sponsor organization: Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya
*** Latest release (version and date): 0.0.
*** First release (version and date): 2011-Mar-11 first svn commit
** ''Hardware support:''
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*** Maximum number of real-time channels demonstrated: > 100
*** Output formats: [[RINEX]], [[KML]], [[GPS Exchange Format|GPX]], [[GeoJSON]], [[NMEA_0183|NMEA]], [[RTCM]], intermediate results stored in binary .mat files readable from [[MATLAB]] and [[GNU_Octave|Octave]], and from [[Python_(programming_language)|Python]] via h5py.
* '''GRID''', Generalized Radionavigation Interfusion Device
**''General information:''
***[[Software licence]]: Commercial
***Publication: [https://radionavlab.ae.utexas.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Nichols_ION_GNSS_2022.pdf Software-Defined GNSS is Ready for Launch]
***Contact: [https://radionavlab.ae.utexas.edu/contact/ Radionavigation Laboratory], [https://locuslock.com/contact-3/ Locus Lock]
** ''Development:''
*** Programming language: C++
*** Platforms: Linux, Windows, MacOS
*** User interface (none, [[Command-line interface|CLI]], [[GUI]]): CLI.
*** Number of developers: 15 (along the project)
*** Under active development (as-of date): yes (2023-Apr-28)
*** Creator/sponsor organization: University of Texas at Austin
*** Latest release (version and date): 2022 annual release
*** First release (version and date): 2008-Jul-01
** ''Hardware support:''
*** Front-ends: Several and, practically speaking, any.
*** Host computer special hardware supported: Intel SIMD (SSE2 through AVX-512), ARM NEON (64-bit and 128-bit)
*** Multicore supported?: Yes
** ''GNSS/SBAS signals support:''
*** [[GPS]]: L1CA, L2C, L5
*** [[Galileo (satellite navigation)|Galileo]]: E1b, E1c, E5a
*** [[QZSS]]: L1CA
*** [[SBAS]]: WAAS L1
** ''Features:''
*** Acquisition: yes (several algorithms)
*** Tracking: yes (several algorithms)
*** Generating pseudo-range observable: yes
*** Generating carrier-phase observable: yes
*** Decoding navigation data: yes
*** Position estimation: yes
*** Multiple antennas: yes
*** Real-time Kinematic: yes, GRID can function as an RTK-base station or rover with integrated network support, RTK estimation when integrated with PpEngine (available through separate license)
*** Differential corrections: yes, CNAV and SBAS
*** Maximum number of real-time channels: Hardware-dependent, 30 on a Raspberry Pi 1, >100 on most desktop computers.
*** Output formats: [[RINEX]], [[KML]], [[MATLAB]] .mat files, CSV, proprietary GBX (GRID binary exchange) format.
*** Current applications: experimental FOTON receiver, several GNSS-RO commercial applications, commercial LEO satellite on-board navigation, RTK-based rocket navigation (launch-to-orbit), RTK-based vehicle navigation in urban environments, RTK-based drone, several fixed reference stations, signal abnormality monitoring
== References ==
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== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130518041701/http://www.gps-practice-and-fun.com/software-gps.html Software GPS has many advantages]
* [http://home.earthlink.net/~cwkelley/ A starting point for learning about GPS with Open Source Software] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830101733/http://home.earthlink.net/%7Ecwkelley/ |date=2012-08-30 }}
* [https://gpsgeometer.com/en/blog/mitigation-of-ionospheric-effects-on-gnss-positioning Mitigation of ionospheric effects on GNSS positioning]
[[Category:Computing comparisons]]
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