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{{Short description|American football player and soldier (1976–2004)}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox military person
| name = Pat Tillman
| image = Corporal Patrick Tillman.jpg
| caption = Tillman in 2003 as a [[Specialist (rank)|specialist]]
| birth_name = Patrick Daniel Tillman Jr.
| nickname = "Pat"
| birth_date = {{birth date|1976|11|6}}
| birth_place = [[Fremont, California]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|2004|4|22|1976|11|6}}
| death_place = [[Spera, Khost Province|Spera]], [[Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]]
| placeofburial =
| allegiance = United States
| branch = [[United States Army]]
| rank = [[Corporal]] (posthumous)
| serviceyears = 2002–2004
| unit = [[2nd Ranger Battalion (United States)|2nd Ranger Battalion]]<br />[[75th Ranger Regiment]]
| commands =
| battles = [[Iraq War]]<br />[[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]]{{KIA}}
| awards = [[Silver Star]]<br />[[Purple Heart]]<br />[[Meritorious Service Medal (United States)|Meritorious Service Medal]]
| spouse = Marie Ugenti
| module = {{Infobox NFL biography
| embed = yes
| name = Pat Tillman
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| number = 40
| position = [[Safety (gridiron football position)|Safety]]
| height_ft = 5
| height_in = 11
| weight_lb = 202
| high_school = [[Leland High School (San Jose, California)|Leland]] {{nowrap|([[San Jose, California]])}}
| college = [[Arizona State Sun Devils football|Arizona State]] (1994–1997)
| draftyear = 1998
| draftround = 7
| draftpick = 226
| pastteams = * [[Arizona Cardinals]] ({{NFL Year|1998|2001}})
| highlights = * [[Arizona Cardinals Ring of Honor]]
* [[Arizona Cardinals#Retired numbers|Arizona Cardinals No. 40]] retired
* First-team [[College Football All-America Team|All-American]] ([[1997 College Football All-America Team|1997]])
* [[Pac-12 Conference football individual awards#Player of the Year|Pac-10 Defensive Player of the Year]] (1997)
* First-team [[List of All-Pac-12 Conference football teams|All-Pac-10]] ([[1997 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team|1997]])
* 2× Second-team All-Pac-10 ([[1995 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team|1995]], [[1996 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team|1996]])
* [[Arizona State Sun Devils football#Retired numbers|Arizona State Sun Devils No. 42]] retired
| statlabel1 = [[Interception]]s
| statvalue1 = 3
| statlabel2 = [[Tackle (football move)#Gridiron football|Total tackles]]
| statvalue2 = 374
| statlabel3 = Forced [[fumble]]s
| statvalue3 = 3
| statlabel4 = Fumble recoveries
| statvalue4 = 3
| pfr = T/TillPa20
| CollegeHOF = 2306
}}
}}
'''Patrick Daniel Tillman Jr.''' (November{{nbsp}}6, 1976{{nbsp}}– April{{nbsp}}22, 2004) was an American professional [[American football|football]] player for the [[Arizona Cardinals]] of the [[National Football League]] (NFL) who left his sports career and enlisted in the [[United States Army]] [[United States Army Special Operations Command|Special Operations]] in May 2002 in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks|September{{nbsp}}11 attacks]]. His service in [[Iraq]] and [[Afghanistan]], as well as his subsequent death, received media attention, especially when it was discovered he had been killed by [[friendly fire]].<ref>Multiple sources:
*{{Cite news | url = https://www.inquirer.com/philly/entertainment/movies/20100903_Pat_Tillman_documentary_follows_family_s_quest_for_answers.html | first = Carrie | last = Rickey | title = Pat Tillman Documentary Follows Family's Quest for Answers | newspaper = The Philadelphia Inquirer | date = September 2, 2010 | access-date = May 28, 2020}}
*{{Cite web|last=Fish|first=Mike|date=July 19, 2006|others=ESPN|title=A Case of Fratricide: Who Killed Pat Tillman?|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/case-fratricide-killed-pat-tillman/story?id=2212545|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=ABC News}}
*{{Cite web|date=April 25, 2007|title=Soldier: Army ordered me not to tell truth about Tillman|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/04/24/tillman.hearing/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=CNN Inside Politics}}</ref>
Tillman played [[college football]] for the [[Arizona State Sun Devils football|Arizona State Sun Devils]], earning first-team [[College Football All-America Team|All-American]] honors in 1997. After four seasons in the NFL, Tillman joined the [[75th Ranger Regiment|Army Rangers]] and served several combat tours before he was killed in the mountains of Afghanistan. At first, the army reported that Tillman had been killed by enemy fire. A month later, on May{{nbsp}}28, 2004, [[the Pentagon]] notified the Tillman family that he was actually killed by fire from his own side. The family and other critics allege that the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] delayed the disclosure until weeks after Tillman's memorial service out of a desire to protect the image of the U.S. military. In 2007, the Pentagon released a report ruling Tillman's death as accidental.
Tillman was [[posthumous promotion|posthumously promoted]] from [[Specialist (rank)|specialist]] to [[corporal]]. He also posthumously received the [[Silver Star]] and [[Purple Heart]] medals.
==Early life and education==
Tillman was born on November 6, 1976,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Packwood|first=Hayden|date=November 6, 2019|title=On this day in 1976, an Arizona sports legend was born|url=https://www.12news.com/article/sports/nfl/cardinals/remember-honor-pat-tillman-birthday/75-4b923c39-ff41-4d3b-81bd-813873c1ab15|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=KPNX 12News|language=en-US}}</ref> in [[Fremont, California]], the son of Mary (Spalding) and Patrick Kevin Tillman.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.womensconference.org/mary-tillman/|title=Mary Tillman|website=The Women's Conference|access-date=January 20, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033105/http://www.womensconference.org/mary-tillman/|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The oldest of three sons, Tillman played competitive football. He went to [[San José Unified School District|Bret Harte Middle School]] and helped lead [[Leland High School (San Jose, California)|Leland High School]] to the Central Coast Division I Football Championship. Tillman did not always play football. In his freshman year of high school, he was catcher for his baseball team, but did not make the varsity team. In his sophomore year he decided to concentrate on football.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Great Athletes, Football |last=Johnson |first=Rafer |publisher=Salem Press |year=2010 |isbn=9781587654763 |___location=[[Pasadena, California]] |pages=484, 485 }}</ref> Tillman then went to [[Arizona State University]] on a football scholarship.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Pat-Tillman-197041 |title=Pat Tillman Biography |publisher=2006 A&E Television Networks |access-date=August 11, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100813033708/http://www.biography.com/articles/Pat-Tillman-197041 |archive-date=August 13, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
Tillman was very close to his family and high school friends. He repeatedly mentioned in his personal journals during wartime service that he drew strength from and deeply valued his closest friendships, parents, wife, and family. Tillman was very committed to his high school sweetheart, Marie Ugenti, whom he married shortly before his enlistment in the Army. He also was very close with his brother, Kevin, who enlisted with and served alongside him.<ref name="Krakauer, Jon 2009 Page 317">{{cite book |last=Krakauer |first=Jon |author-link=Jon Krakauer |title=[[Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman]] |publisher=Doubleday |date=September 16, 2009 |page=[https://archive.org/details/wheremenwinglory00jonk/page/317 317] |isbn=978-0-385-52226-7 }}</ref>
==
He started his college career as a [[linebacker]] for [[Arizona State University]] in 1994, when he secured the last remaining scholarship for the team. Tillman excelled as a linebacker at Arizona State, despite being relatively small for the position at {{convert|5|ft|11|in|m|abbr=on}} tall. As a junior, he helped his team go undefeated [[1996 Arizona State Sun Devils football team|that season]] as well as helping them make it to the [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]] that year. In 1997, he was voted the [[Pacific-10 Conference|Pac-10]] Defensive Player of the Year. In the same year, Tillman was also named Arizona State's MVP.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Fallen Stars: Five American Athletes Who Died in Military Service|last=Carson|first=Cunningham|publisher=Texas A&M University Press|year=2017|isbn=978-1623495602|page=179}}</ref>
Tillman majored in [[marketing]] and graduated in three and a half years with a 3.85 [[Grading in education#Grade Point Average|GPA]]. He also earned many academic awards including: the Clyde B. Smith Academic Award in 1996 and 1997; the Sporting News Honda Scholar-Athlete of the Year in 1997; and the 1998 Sun Angel Student Athlete of Year. He was inducted into the [[College Football Hall of Fame]] in 2010, and was also posthumously inducted into the [[Arizona Sports Hall of Fame]] in 2018.
==Professional career==
===Arizona Cardinals===
[[File:Tillman's jersey (6837739893).jpg|thumb|Tillman's Arizona Cardinals jersey on display alongside his military jacket and other items at the [[National Football League Experience|NFL Experience]] during [[Super Bowl XLVI]].]]
In the [[1998 NFL draft]], Tillman was selected as the 226th pick by the [[Arizona Cardinals]], and given a signing bonus of $21,000 ({{Inflation|index=US|value=21000|start_year=1998|fmt=eq}}).<ref>{{Cite web |title=1998 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1998/draft.htm |access-date=March 29, 2023 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Stannard |first=Matthew B. |date=2007-03-27 |title=In football and in life, Tillman was determined, independent |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/In-football-and-in-life-Tillman-was-determined-2577288.php |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=San Francisco Chronicle |language=en}}</ref> Tillman moved over to play the [[defensive back|safety]] position in the NFL and started ten of 16 games in his [[rookie]] season.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cluff|first=Jeremy|date=April 19, 2018|title=Arizona Cardinals drafted Pat Tillman 20 years ago|url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/sports/heat-index/2016/04/19/cardinals-drafted-pat-tillman-18-years-ago/83249086/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=The Arizona Republic|language=en-US}}</ref>
At one point in his NFL career, Tillman turned down a five-year, $9 million contract offer from the [[St. Louis Rams]] out of loyalty to the Cardinals.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Stannard|first=Matthew B.|date=March 27, 2007|title=In football and in life, Tillman was determined, independent|website=San Francisco Chronicle|url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/In-football-and-in-life-Tillman-was-determined-2577288.php|url-status=live|access-date=October 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525103828/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2007%2F03%2F27%2FMNGP4OSGB71.DTL|archive-date=May 25, 2007}}</ref>
''[[Sports Illustrated]]'' football writer [[Paul Zimmerman (sportswriter)|Paul Zimmerman]] named Tillman to his 2000 NFL All-Pro team after Tillman finished with 155 tackles (118 solo), 1.5 sacks, 2 forced fumbles, 2 fumble recoveries, 9 pass deflections, and 1 interception for 30 yards.<ref>{{cite web|last=Zimmerman|first=Paul|date=2001-01-08|title=Dr. Z's All-Pro Team|url=https://vault.si.com/vault/2001/01/08/dr-zs-all-pro-team|access-date=May 17, 2021|work=Sports Illustrated Vault}}</ref>
Tillman finished his career with totals of 340 tackles, 2.5 sacks, 3 interceptions for 37 yards, 3 forced fumbles, 15 pass deflections, and 3 fumble recoveries in 60 career games. In addition, he also had 1 rush attempt for 4 yards and returned 3 kickoffs for 33 yards.<ref name=ProFR>{{cite web|title=Pat Tillman|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TillPa20.htm|website=[[Pro Football Reference]]|publisher=Sports Reference LLC|accessdate=December 31, 2024}}</ref>
In May 2002, eight months after the [[September 11 attacks]], and after completing the 15 remaining games of the [[2001 NFL season|2001]] season which followed the attacks,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://asp.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/salaries/playerdetail.aspx?player=2307 |title=Pat Tillman |work=Salaries Database |publisher=[[USA Today]] |access-date=November 23, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016061536/http://asp.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/salaries/playerdetail.aspx?player=2307 |archive-date=October 16, 2007}}</ref> Tillman turned down a contract offer of $3.6 million (${{Inflation|index=US|value=3.6|start_year=2002}} million in {{Inflation year|index=US}}) over three years from the Cardinals to enlist in the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]].<ref name="MSNBC_20060426">{{Cite news|date=2004-04-23|title=Ex-NFL star Tillman makes 'ultimate sacrifice'|work=NBC News|publisher=NBCUniversal|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna4815441|access-date=November 23, 2006}}</ref>
==Career statistics==
===NFL===
====Regular season====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:45%;"
|-
! rowspan="2"| Year
! rowspan="2"| Team
! colspan="2"| Games
! colspan="4"| Tackles
! colspan="6"| Interceptions
! colspan="3"| Fumbles
|-
! GP !! GS !! Comb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! PD !! FF !! FR !! Yds
|-
! [[1998 NFL season|1998]] || [[1998 Arizona Cardinals season|ARI]]
| '''16''' || 10 || 73 || 46 || 27 || 1.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
! [[1999 NFL season|1999]] || [[1999 Arizona Cardinals season|ARI]]
| '''16''' || 1 || 52 || 40 || 12 || 0.0 || '''2''' || 7 || 3.5 || 6 || 0 || 4 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
! [[2000 NFL season|2000]] || [[2000 Arizona Cardinals season|ARI]]
| '''16''' || '''16''' || '''155''' || '''118''' || '''37''' || '''1.5''' || 1 || '''30''' || '''30.0''' || '''27''' || 0 || '''9''' || '''2''' || '''2''' || 0
|-
! [[2001 NFL season|2001]] || [[2001 Arizona Cardinals season|ARI]]
| 12 || 12 || 94 || 72 || 22 || 0.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0
|-
! colspan="2"|Career<ref name=ProFR/> || 60 || 39 || 374 || 276 || 98 || 2.5 || 3 || 37 || 12.3 || 27 || 0 || 15 || 3 || 3 || 0
|}
====Playoffs====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:45%;"
|-
! rowspan="2"| Year
! rowspan="2"| Team
! colspan="2"| Games
! colspan="4"| Tackles
! colspan="5"| Interceptions
! colspan="3"| Fumbles
|-
! GP !! GS !! Comb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds
|-
! [[1998–99 NFL playoffs|1998]]<ref name=ProFR/> || [[1998 Arizona Cardinals season|ARI]]
| 2 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|}
==Military career and death==
Tillman and his brother Kevin enlisted on May 31, 2002. In September 2002, they completed [[United States Army Basic Training|basic training]] together.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://militarytimes.com/valor/army-cpl-patrick-d-tillman/263007 |title=Army Cpl. Patrick D. Tillman |work=Military Times |access-date=February 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615081114/http://militarytimes.com/valor/army-cpl-patrick-d-tillman/263007/ |archive-date=June 15, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="isbn0-385-52226-6p154">{{Cite book |author=Krakauer, Jon |title=Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman |publisher=Doubleday |___location=Garden City, N.Y |year=2009 |page=[https://archive.org/details/wheremenwinglory00jonk/page/154 154] |isbn=978-0-385-52226-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/wheremenwinglory00jonk/page/154 }}</ref> The two brothers completed the Ranger Assessment & Selection Program in late 2002 and were assigned to the [[2nd Ranger Battalion (United States)|2nd Ranger Battalion]] in [[Fort Lewis (Washington)|Fort Lewis, Washington]]. Tillman resided in [[University Place, Washington|University Place]] with his wife before being deployed to Iraq. After participating in the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|initial invasion]] of Iraq as part of [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]], in September 2003, he entered [[Ranger School]] at [[Fort Benning]], Georgia; he graduated on November 28, 2003.<ref name="isbn0-385-52226-6p220">{{Cite book |author=Krakauer, Jon |title=Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman |publisher=Doubleday |___location=Garden City, N.Y |year=2009 |page=[https://archive.org/details/wheremenwinglory00jonk/page/220 220] |isbn=978-0-385-52226-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/wheremenwinglory00jonk/page/220 }}</ref>
Tillman was subsequently deployed to Afghanistan, and posted at [[Forward Operating Base Salerno|FOB Salerno]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.jsonline.com/blogs/news/78571247.html|title=Musings on Pat Tillman and fried chicken|work=Dispatches from Afghanistan|publisher=JSOnline.com|date=December 4, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207022139/http://www.jsonline.com/blogs/news/78571247.html|archive-date=December 7, 2009|last=Jones|first=Meg|url-status=dead}}</ref> On April 22, 2004, he was initially reported to have been killed by enemy combatants. An [[Afghan Militia Force]] allied soldier, Sayed Farhad, was also killed in the action. Tillman's platoon leader, First Lieutenant David Uthlaut, and his radiotelephone operator (RTO), 19-year-old Jade Lane, were wounded in the incident. The Army initially claimed that Tillman and his unit were attacked in an apparent ambush on a road outside of the village of [[Spera, Khost Province|Spera]] about 25 miles (40 km) southwest of [[Khost]], near the Pakistan border. It was not until after his burial that investigations by the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] and [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]] were launched, eventually ruling his death as having come by [[friendly fire]].
''[[The Washington Post]]'' reported that prior to his death, Tillman called the invasion and occupation of Iraq "[[Legality of the Iraq War|fucking illegal]]".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Robert |first=Collier |date=September 25, 2005 |title=Family Demands The Truth / New inquiry may expose events that led to Pat Tillman's death |url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/FAMILY-DEMANDS-THE-TRUTH-New-inquiry-may-expose-2567400.php |access-date=March 14, 2024 |website=SFGate |language=en}}</ref>
An investigation by the U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Division (CID) concluded that Tillman and the Afghan militia soldier were killed by friendly fire when one part of his platoon fired upon the other in confusion, after nearby gunfire was mistakenly believed to be from [[enemy combatants]]. The CID Report summary, dated March 19, 2007, stated that: <blockquote> ... during their movement through the canyon road, Serial 2 [Tillman's platoon had to split up because of a broken [[Humvee|HMMWV]]; the parts were called Serial 1 and 2] was ambushed and became engaged in a running gun battle with enemy combatants. Serial 1 [Tillman's portion of the platoon] had just passed through the same canyon without incident and were approximately one kilometer ahead of Serial 2. Upon hearing explosions, gunfire, and sporadic radio communication from Serial 2, Serial 1 dismounted their vehicles and moved on foot, to a more advantageous position to provide overwatch and fire support for Serial 2's movement out of the ambush. Upon exiting the gorge, and despite attempts by Serial 1 to signal a "friendly position", occupants of the lead vehicle of Serial 2 opened fire on Tillman's position, where he was fatally shot.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.militarytimes.com/static/projects/pages/CIDTillman.pdf |work=Military Times |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118094552/http://www.militarytimes.com/static/projects/pages/CIDTillman.pdf |archive-date=November 18, 2010 |title=U.S. Army CID report |pages=1–3 }}</ref></blockquote>
The [[United States Army Special Operations Command|Army Special Operations Command]] initially claimed that there was an exchange with hostile forces. After a lengthy investigation conducted by [[Brigadier General (United States)|Brigadier General]] Gary M. Jones, the U.S. Department of Defense concluded that both the Afghan militia soldier's and Tillman's deaths were due to friendly fire aggravated by the intensity of the firefight.
Tillman's mother testified before Congress, stating "The deception surrounding this case was an insult to the family, but more importantly, its primary purpose was to deceive a whole nation."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-03-27 |title=Statement by the mother of Pat Tillman |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/news/story?id=2813963 |access-date=2024-04-09 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref>
==Awards and decorations==
===Silver Star Citation===
[[File:Silver Star medal.png|70px|left]]
'''Citation:'''
<blockquote>The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress July 9, 1918 (amended by an act of July 25, 1963), takes pride in presenting the Silver Star (Posthumously) to Corporal Patrick D. Tillman, United States Army, for gallantry in action while serving with the 2nd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, during action in Afghanistan on 22 April 2004, against an armed enemy while serving as a Rifle Team Leader in support of Operation ENDURING FREEDOM. Caught between the crossfire of an enemy near ambush, Corporal Tillman put himself in the line of devastating enemy fire as he maneuvered his fire team to a covered position from which they could effectively employ their weapons on known enemy positions. His audacious leadership and courageous example under fire inspired his men to fight at great risk to their own personal safety, resulting in the enemy's withdrawal, his platoon's safe passage from the ambush kill zone, and his mortal wound. Corporal Tillman's personal courage, tactical expertise, and professional competence directly contributed to his platoon's overall success and survival. In making the ultimate sacrifice for his team and platoon, Corporal Patrick D. Tillman reflected great credit upon himself, the Joint Task Force, and the United States Army.<ref>{{cite web|title=Patrick D. Tillman|url=https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/3912|website=valor.militarytimes.com|access-date=December 8, 2020}}</ref></blockquote>
===Awards===
{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
| colspan="6"|[[File:Combat Infantry Badge.svg]]
|-
| colspan="6"|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-leaf|ribbon=Silver Star ribbon.svg|width=106}} {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-leaf|ribbon=Purple Heart BAR.svg|width=106}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-leaf|ribbon=Meritorious Service ribbon.svg|width=106}}
| colspan="2" | {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=oak|ribbon=Army Achievement Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
| colspan="2" | {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary ribbon.svg|width=106}}
| colspan="2" | {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=oak|ribbon=Global War on Terrorism Service ribbon.svg|width=106}}
| colspan="2" | {{Ribbon devices|number=0|ribbon=Army_Service_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
| colspan="6"|[[File:Image168.gif|102px]]<span style="position:relative; top: 4px; left: -89px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">[[File:US Army Airborne basic parachutist badge.gif|80px]]</span><span style="position:relative; top: -25px; left: -59px; display: inline-block; width: 0;"></span> [[File:US Army Expert Marksmanship Qualification Badge-Generic.png|75px]]
|-
| colspan="6"|[[File:2 Ranger Battalion Shoulder Sleeve Insignia.svg|120px]] [[File:75 Ranger Regiment Distinctive Unit Insignia.svg|80px]] [[File:Ranger Tab.svg|105px]]
|-
| colspan="6"|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=oak|ribbon=United States Army and U.S. Air Force Presidential Unit Citation ribbon.svg|width=106}} {{ribbon devices|number=0|type=oak|ribbon=Joint Meritorious Unit Award ribbon.svg|width=106}} {{ribbon devices|number=|type=oak|ribbon=Army Superior Unit Award ribbon.svg|width=106}}<span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -73px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">[[File:Bronze oakleaf-3d.svg|22px]]</span><span style="position:relative; top: 0px; left: -53px; display: inline-block; width: 0;">[[File:Bronze oakleaf-3d.svg|22px]]</span>
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
!Badge
| colspan="12" | [[Combat Infantryman Badge]]
|-
!1st row
| colspan="6" | [[Silver Star]]
| colspan="6" | [[Purple Heart]]
|-
!2nd row
| colspan="4" | [[Meritorious Service Medal (United States)|Meritorious Service Medal]]
| colspan="4" | [[Achievement Medal|Army Achievement Medal]]
| colspan="4" | [[National Defense Service Medal]]
|-
!3rd row
| colspan="4" | [[Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal]]
| colspan="4" | [[Global War on Terrorism Service Medal]]
| colspan="4" | [[Army Service Ribbon]]
|-
!Badges
| colspan="6"| [[Parachutist Badge (United States)|Parachutist Badge]] <br>{{small|with [[2nd Ranger Battalion]] trimming}}
| colspan="6"| [[Marksmanship badges (United States)|Expert Marksmanship badge]] <br>{{small|with rifle component bar}}
|-
!badges
| colspan="4" | [[2nd Ranger Battalion]] <br>{{small|[[Combat Service Identification Badge]]}}
| colspan="4" | [[75th Ranger Regiment]] <br>{{small|[[Distinctive unit insignia]]}}
| colspan="4" | [[Ranger Tab#Ranger Tab|Ranger Tab]]
|-
!Unit citations
| colspan="4" | [[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)|Army Presidential Unit Citation]] <br>{{small|with 1 [[Oak leaf cluster]]}}
| colspan="4" | [[Joint Meritorious Unit Award]]
| colspan="4" | [[Superior Unit Award|Army Superior Unit Award]] <br>{{small|with 2 [[Oak leaf cluster]]s}}
|}
In addition to his military awards, Tillman received the [[Arthur Ashe Courage Award]] from [[ESPN]] in 2003, as part of that year's [[ESPY Awards]] ceremony.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/espy2003/s/2003/0701/1575429.html|title=The 2003 ESPY Awards - Tillman brothers to receive Ashe Award|access-date=July 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717024540/http://espn.go.com/espy2003/s/2003/0701/1575429.html|archive-date=July 17, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Aftermath and legacy==
===Questions surrounding Tillman's death===
[[File:Tillman.jpg|thumb|Tribute to Cpl Tillman at the [[National Infantry Museum]] in [[Columbus, Georgia]]. The plaque that was initially displayed inaccurately stated Tillman was in an enemy ambush. The plaque has since been corrected to accurately reflect the circumstances surrounding Corporal Tillman's death.]]
A report described in ''[[The Washington Post]]'' on May 4, 2005, prepared at the request of Tillman's family by Brigadier General Gary M. Jones, revealed that in the days immediately following Tillman's death, Army investigators were aware that Tillman had been killed by friendly fire, shot three times in the head at less than 10 yards away, according to Army doctors.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/03/AR2005050301502.html|title=Army Withheld Details About Tillman's Death|last=White|first=Josh|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 4, 2005|access-date=September 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724212512/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/03/AR2005050301502.html|archive-date=July 24, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/07/01/afghan.probe/ |work=CNN |title=U.S. military probes soldier's death |date=July 1, 2006 |access-date=July 28, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109222623/http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/07/01/afghan.probe/ |archive-date=November 9, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> Jones reported that senior Army commanders, including General [[John Abizaid]], knew of this fact within days of the shooting, but nevertheless approved the awarding of the [[Silver Star]], [[Purple Heart]], and a posthumous promotion to the rank of [[Corporal (rank)|Corporal]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://militarytimes.com/valor/army-cpl-patrick-d-tillman/263007/ |title=Army Cpl. Patrick D. Tillman – Honor The Fallen – Honoring those who fought and died in Iraq and Afghanistan |publisher=Military Times |access-date=October 23, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329013913/http://militarytimes.com/valor/army-cpl-patrick-d-tillman/263007 |archive-date=March 29, 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Lieutenant General [[Stanley McChrystal]] approved the [[Silver Star]] citation on April 28, 2004, which gave a detailed account of Tillman's death including the phrase "in the line of devastating enemy fire," but the next day he sent a P4 confidential memo warning senior government members that Tillman might actually have been killed by friendly fire.<ref>{{cite news|title=General's memo voiced doubts in Tillman's death|author=Scott Lindlaw|author2=Martha Mendoza|agency=Associated Press|date=August 4, 2007|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/03/AR2007080301868.html|via=WashingtonPost.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109101528/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/03/AR2007080301868.html|archivedate=November 9, 2012|accessdate=January 19, 2022}}</ref> Senior commanders within the U.S. Central Command, including former Commander of the [[CENTCOM|United States Central Command]] (CENTCOM) General John Abizaid, were notified by the P4 memo,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna20113601|title=Full text of Tillman memo to top generals|website=[[NBC News]] |date=August 4, 2007 }}</ref> which described Tillman's "highly possible" [[friendly fire|fratricide]], four days before Tillman's nationally televised memorial service during which he was lauded as a war hero for dying while engaging the enemy.<ref>{{Cite news|title=New questions raised over timing of Army's disclosure of killing by friendly fire|author=Robert Collier|website=San Francisco Chronicle|date=April 11, 2007|url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/THE-DEATH-OF-PAT-TILLMAN-New-questions-raised-2603205.php|access-date=January 19, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525103831/http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2007/04/11/MNGAVP6GKF1.DTL|archive-date=May 25, 2007|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=krakauertillmanbeast>{{cite web|title=Gen. McChrystal's Credibility Problem|work=The Daily Beast|first=Jon|last=Krakauer|date=October 14, 2009|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/gen-mcchrystals-credibility-problem|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100419224437/http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2009-10-14/gen-mcchrystals-credibility-problem/|archive-date=April 19, 2010|access-date=October 8, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Jones reported that members of Tillman's unit burned his [[body armor]] and uniform in an apparent attempt to hide the fact that he was killed by friendly fire.<ref name="armyWithheld">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/03/AR2005050301502.html |title=Army Withheld Details About Tillman's Death:Investigator Quickly Learned 'Friendly Fire' Killed Athlete |author=Josh White |newspaper=The Washington Post |page=A-3 |date=May 4, 2005 |access-date=November 23, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013144208/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/03/AR2005050301502.html |archive-date=October 13, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> His notebook, in which, according to author [[Jon Krakauer]], Tillman had recorded some of his thoughts on Afghanistan, was also burned; "a blatant violation of protocol."<ref name="coverup">{{Cite news |url=http://www.alternet.org/world/142692/inside_pat_tillman's_life,_and_the_bush_administration's_cover-up_of_his_death/?page=entire |title=Inside Pat Tillman's Life, and the Bush Administration's Cover-Up of His Death |author=Sarah Seltzer |work=Alternet |date=September 17, 2009 |access-date=September 17, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029145723/http://www.alternet.org/world/142692/inside_pat_tillman%27s_life%2C_and_the_bush_administration%27s_cover-up_of_his_death/?page=entire |archive-date=October 29, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> Several soldiers were punished for their actions by being removed from the [[75th Ranger Regiment|United States Army Rangers]]. Jones believed that Tillman should retain his medals and promotion, since, according to Jones, he intended to engage the enemy and behaved heroically.<ref name="armyWithheld"/>
Tillman's family was not informed of the finding that he was killed by friendly fire until weeks after his memorial service, although at least some senior Army officers knew of that fact prior to the service.<ref name="armyWithheld"/> According to [[Jon Krakauer|Krakauer]] in his book ''[[Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman|Where Men Win Glory]]'', the extensive coverup that followed Tillman's death included the military's order to Tillman's comrades to lie to his family at the funeral.<ref name="coverup"/> Tillman's parents have sharply criticized the Army's handling of the incident; Tillman's mother believed that "this lie was to cover their image,"<ref name="tillmansParents">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/22/AR2005052200865_pf.html |newspaper=The Washington Post |title=Tillman's Parents Are Critical Of Army |author=Josh White |date=May 23, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516052644/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/22/AR2005052200865.html |archive-date=May 16, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> while Tillman's father believed that the Army "purposely interfered in the investigation" because of the effect it could have on their recruiting efforts.
{{blockquote |After it happened, all the people in positions of authority went out of their way to script this. They purposely interfered with the investigation; they covered it up. I think they thought they could control it, and they realized that their recruiting efforts were going to go to hell in a handbasket if the truth about his death got out. They blew up their [[poster boy]].<ref name="tillmansParents"/>}}
He also blamed high-ranking Army officers for presenting "outright lies" to Tillman's family and to the public.<ref name = "tillmansParents"/>
On March 4, 2006, the U.S. Defense Department Inspector General directed the Army to open a criminal investigation of Tillman's death. The Army's Criminal Investigative Division was to determine whether Tillman's death was the result of negligent homicide.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Starr |first=Barbara |date=March 5, 2006 |title=Army to open criminal probe of Tillman death |url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/US/03/04/tillman/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504182128/http://www.cnn.com/2006/US/03/04/tillman/index.html |archive-date=May 4, 2009 |access-date=May 21, 2010 |work=CNN}}</ref>
On March 26, 2007, the Pentagon released their report on the events surrounding Tillman's death and coverup. The report reads in part:
{{blockquote |... we emphasize that all investigators established the basic facts of CPL Tillman's death – that it was caused by friendly fire, that the occupants of one vehicle in CPL Tillman's platoon were responsible, and that circumstances on the ground caused those occupants to misidentify friendly forces as hostile. None of the investigations suggested that CPL Tillman's death was anything other than accidental. Our review, as well as the investigation recently completed by Army CID, obtained no evidence contrary to those key findings.<ref name="IGR">{{Citation|url=http://www.defenselink.mil/home/pdf/Tillman_Redacted_Web_0307.pdf|publisher=Office of the Inspector General|title=Review of matters related to the death of Specialist Patrick Tillman|date=March 28, 2006|access-date=August 2, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809030538/http://www.defenselink.mil/home/pdf/Tillman_Redacted_Web_0307.pdf|archive-date=August 9, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
Tillman's brother Kevin testified before the [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]] that: <blockquote>The deception surrounding this Tillman case was an insult to the family: but more importantly, its primary purpose was to deceive a whole nation. We say these things with disappointment and sadness for our country. Once again, we have been used as props in a Pentagon public relations exercise.<ref name="mercuryNews">{{cite news |url=http://origin.mercurynews.com/breakingnews/ci_5527484 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015225721/http://origin.mercurynews.com/breakingnews/ci_5527484 |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 15, 2007 |title=Family blasts latest investigation of Pat Tillman's friendly fire death as "shamefully unacceptable" |author=Julia Prodis Sulek |author2=Frank Davies |date=March 26, 2007|work=San Jose Mercury News }}</ref></blockquote>
After Kevin's testimony, [[Pete Geren]], acting [[secretary of the Army]], stated to reporters, "We as an Army failed in our duty to the Tillman family, the duty we owe to all the families of our fallen soldiers: give them the truth, the best we know it, as fast as we can."<ref name="mercuryNews"/>
Tillman's diary was never returned to his family, and its whereabouts were unknown to them, according to his father.<ref>{{Cite news |author=Monica Davey |author2=Eric Schmitt |title=2 Years After Soldier's Death, Family's Battle Is With Army |work=The New York Times |date=March 21, 2006 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/21/politics/21tillman.html?ei=5090&en=fccabd7478e61e52&ex=1300597200&adxnnl=1&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss&pagewanted=print&adxnnlx=1185554875-gZxiz4QfsOk2xD0BdXVNIg |access-date=February 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426095941/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/21/politics/21tillman.html?ei=5090&en=fccabd7478e61e52&ex=1300597200&adxnnl=1&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss&pagewanted=print&adxnnlx=1185554875-gZxiz4QfsOk2xD0BdXVNIg |archive-date=April 26, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> <!-- this is probably the notebook that we mention was burned elsewhere on the page, in a source from 3 years later; but maybe it isn't. And drawing this connection would be [[WP:SYNTH]] anyway -->
One investigation of the autopsy report and photographs by two forensic pathologists in November 2006 concluded that Tillman was most likely killed as a result of fire from an [[M249 light machine gun]]. The M249 uses the same [[5.56×45mm NATO|ammunition]] as the M16 rifle and M4 carbine, but is capable of higher rates of fire. This would allow a competent user to place three bullets within a several-inch target from 40 or 50 yards away, even from a moving vehicle.<ref name="Krakauer, Jon 2009 Page 317"/>
On July 26, 2007, [[Chris Matthews]] reported on ''[[Hardball with Chris Matthews|Hardball]]'' that Tillman's death may have been a case of deliberate murder by Tillman's fellow soldiers – specifically that the bullet holes were tight and neat, suggesting a shot at close range. Matthews based his speculation on a report from the doctors who examined Tillman's body. The following day the [[Associated Press]] reported that a doctor who examined Tillman's body after his death wrote, "The medical evidence did not match up with the scenario as described",<ref name="newDetails">{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-07-26-tillman-friendly-fire_N.htm |title=AP: New Details on Tillman's Death |author=Mendoza, Martha |agency=Associated Press |date=July 27, 2007 |access-date=July 27, 2007 |work=USA Today |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525150300/http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-07-26-tillman-friendly-fire_N.htm |archive-date=May 25, 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> also noting that the wound entrances appeared as though he had been shot with an [[M16 rifle]] from fewer than {{convert|10|yd|m}} away. A possible motive was not identified. When officers and soldiers were asked during a criminal investigation, they said they were certain the shooting was accidental. According to one of his fellow soldiers, Tillman "was popular among his fellow soldiers and had no enemies."<ref name="newDetails"/><ref name="family demands the truth"/>
In addition, in response to a Freedom of Information Act request filed by the Associated Press, the Defense Department released 2,300 pages of documents which were reported to indicate:<ref name="newDetails"/>
* There has never been evidence of enemy fire found on the scene, and no members of Tillman's group had been hit by enemy fire.
* The three-star general who withheld details of Tillman's death from his parents for a number of months told investigators approximately 70 times that he had a bad memory and could not recall details of his actions.
* Army attorneys sent each other congratulatory e-mails for keeping criminal investigators at bay as the Army conducted an internal friendly-fire investigation that resulted in administrative, or non-criminal, punishments.
* Army doctors told the investigators that Tillman's wounds suggested murder because "the medical evidence did not match-up with the scenario as described."<ref name="newDetails"/>
===Congressional inquiries===
On April 24, 2007, Specialist Bryan O'Neal, the last soldier known to see Pat Tillman alive, testified before the [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform|House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]] that his superiors warned him not to divulge information that a fellow soldier killed Tillman, especially to the Tillman family. Later, Pat Tillman's brother Kevin Tillman, who was also in the convoy traveling behind his brother at the time of the 2004 incident in Afghanistan but did not witness it, testified that the [[military]] tried to spin his brother's death to deflect attention from emerging failings in the Afghan war.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/04/24/tillman.hearing/index.html |title=Soldier: Army ordered me not to tell truth about Tillman |work=CNN |date=April 25, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427145123/http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/04/24/tillman.hearing/index.html |archive-date=April 27, 2007 |access-date=May 21, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
On July 13, 2007, [[Henry Waxman]] and [[Tom Davis (Virginia politician)|Tom Davis]], the leading members of the [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform|House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]], revealed that the Bush administration and the Pentagon had withheld key documents relating to Tillman's death and denied any new document release request from Congress citing [[executive privilege]].<ref>{{cite news | author = Lindlaw, Scott | url = http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/T/TILLMAN_FRIENDLY_FIRE?SITE=WDBO&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT | title = Panel Demands Records on Tillman's Death | agency = Associated Press | date = July 13, 2007 | access-date = August 18, 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070713213002/http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/T/TILLMAN_FRIENDLY_FIRE?SITE=WDBO&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT | archive-date = July 13, 2007 | url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=White, Josh|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/13/AR2007071301929.html|title=White House Denies Request for Documents in Ex-NFL Player's Death|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=July 14, 2007|access-date=August 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829233527/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/13/AR2007071301929.html|archive-date=August 29, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/27/opinion/27fri2.html | title = Seeking the Truth About Pat Tillman | website = The New York Times | date = July 27, 2007 | access-date = August 18, 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150605100903/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/27/opinion/27fri2.html | archive-date = June 5, 2015 | url-status=live}}</ref>
On August 13, 2007, the [[Associated Press]] reported that on behalf of [[VoteVets]], 20 U.S. military veterans who fought in Iraq and Afghanistan asked the NFL commissioner, [[Roger Goodell]], to help secure the release of all documents relating to the death of Pat Tillman.<ref>{{Cite news|agency =Associated Press|title =Iraq war vets suggests NFL, union get involved in Tillman probe|work =ESPN.com|date =August 13, 2007|url =http://www.espn.com/nfl/news/story?id=2973297|access-date =September 30, 2017|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20171001031539/http://www.espn.com/nfl/news/story?id=2973297|archive-date =October 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070814183045/http://www.votevets.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=336&Itemid=101|archive-date=August 14, 2007|title=Veterans Letter to the NFL and NFL Players Association|publisher=VoteVets|access-date=September 30, 2017|url=http://www.votevets.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=336&Itemid=101|url-status=dead}}</ref>
On July 14, 2008, the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform released a proposed report titled "Misleading Information from the Battlefield: The Tillman and Lynch Episodes".<ref>{{cite web| author = House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform| author-link = United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform| title = Misleading Information from the Battlefield: The Tillman and Lynch Episodes | publisher = [[United States Congress]]| date = July 14, 2008| url = http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070517170253.pdf| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070530191210/http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070517170253.pdf| archive-date = May 30, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| last = Seibel| first = Mark| title = Bush officials' 'lack of recall' thwarted Tillman, Lynch probes| newspaper = [[The McClatchy Company|McClatchy Newspapers]]| date = July 14, 2008| url = http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/world/article24491197.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080717054658/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/iraq/story/44191.html| archive-date = July 17, 2008| url-status=live}}</ref> The committee stated that its "investigation was frustrated by a near universal lack of recall" among "senior officials at the White House" and the military. It concluded: <blockquote>The pervasive lack of recollection and absence of specific information makes it impossible for the Committee to assign responsibility for the misinformation in Specialist Tillman's and [[Jessica Lynch|Private Lynch]]'s cases. It is clear, however, that the Defense Department did not meet its most basic obligations in sharing accurate information with the families and with the American public.</blockquote>
===Memorials and tributes===
After his death, family and friends of Tillman including his widow Marie Tillman established the [[Pat Tillman Foundation]] to carry forward Tillman's legacy by inspiring and supporting those striving for positive change in themselves and the world. Marie would serve as executive director and then chair of the board.
A highway bypass around the [[Hoover Dam]] has a bridge bearing Tillman's name. Completed in October 2010, the [[Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge]] spans the Colorado River between Nevada and Arizona.
[[Lincoln Law School of San Jose]] has established the Pat Tillman Scholarship in honor of Tillman.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sentinel |first=Santa Cruz |date=October 14, 2015 |title=Milpitas resident receives law degree |url=https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2015/10/14/milpitas-resident-receives-law-degree/ |access-date=October 6, 2024 |website=Santa Cruz Sentinel |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-10-14 |title=Milpitas resident receives law degree |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2015/10/14/milpitas-resident-receives-law-degree/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504104214/http://www.mercurynews.com/2015/10/14/milpitas-resident-receives-law-degree/ |archive-date=May 4, 2017 |access-date=2024-10-06 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref> Tillman's father earned his Juris Doctor from Lincoln in 1983.
On Sunday, September 19, 2004, all teams of the NFL wore a memorial decal on their helmets in honor of Tillman. The Arizona Cardinals continued to wear this decal throughout the 2004 season. Former Cardinals quarterback [[Jake Plummer]] requested to also wear the decal for the entire season, but the NFL turned him down, saying his helmet would not be uniform with the rest of the [[Denver Broncos]]. Plummer later grew a full beard and his hair long in honor of Tillman, who had such a style in the NFL before cutting his hair and shaving his beard off to fit military uniform guidelines.
[[File:Tillman Memorial Outside Sun Devil Stadium.jpg|thumb|upright|A memorial to Tillman was created at Sun Devil Stadium, where he played football for the Sun Devils and the Cardinals.]]
The Cardinals retired his number 40, and Arizona State did the same for the number 42 he wore with the Sun Devils. The Cardinals have named the plaza surrounding their [[State Farm Stadium]] in [[Glendale, Arizona|Glendale]] Pat Tillman Freedom Plaza. Later, on November 12, 2006, during a Cardinals game versus the Cowboys, a bronze statue was revealed in his honor. ASU also named the football locker room entryway to [[Sun Devil Stadium]] the "Pat Tillman Memorial Tunnel" and made a "PT-42" patch that they place on the neck of their uniforms as a permanent feature. In 2011, Pat Tillman Veteran's Center in the lower level of the Memorial Union opened on the Tempe campus.<ref>{{cite news |author=Kharli Mandeville |url=http://www.statepress.com/2011/08/16/pat-tillman-veterans-center-opens-in-memorial-union/ |title=Pat Tillman Veterans Center opens in Memorial Union | ASU News | The State Press | Arizona State University |publisher=The State Press |date=August 16, 2011 |access-date=May 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714201017/http://www.statepress.com/2011/08/16/pat-tillman-veterans-center-opens-in-memorial-union/ |archive-date=July 14, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Before the 2013 season, the Tillman Tunnel was renovated with new graphics and signage. Double doors separate the locker room from the tunnel, and a television with a sound system displays Tillman's career highlights. The gate which opens to the field features an image of Pat Tillman facing the field, looking as if he is leading the team out.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thesundevils.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30300&ATCLID=209251077 |title=Tillman Tunnel Undergoes Improvements |publisher=Arizona State Sun Devils |date=April 3, 2014 |access-date=May 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012090029/http://www.thesundevils.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30300&ATCLID=209251077 |archive-date=October 12, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
On Saturday, April 15, 2005, 5,000 participants turned out for the inaugural Pat's Run (which has become the annual fundraising event for the Pat Tillman Foundation) in [[Tempe, Arizona|Tempe]]. The racers traveled along the {{convert|4.2|mi|km|1|adj=on}} course around [[Tempe Town Lake]] to the finish line, on the 42-yard line of [[Sun Devil Stadium]] in order to commemorate the number which Tillman wore as a Sun Devil and which was later retired in his honor. A second race took place in [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]. Sponsored by the Pat Tillman Foundation, Pat's Run has continued to grow every year, with more than 28,000 attendees in April 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thousands pack Tempe for 15th annual Pat's Run |url=https://www.azfamily.com/promotions/pats_run/thousands-pack-tempe-for-th-annual-pat-s-run/article_80229356-6901-11e9-8e31-376065d94c79.html|website=AZFamily.com|date=April 27, 2019|access-date=November 15, 2019}}</ref> Various "honor runs", in locations such as [[Austin, Texas]], take place around the country at the same time as Pat's Run and are supported by Arizona State University's Alumni Association.
In 2004, the NFL donated $250,000 to the [[United Service Organizations]] to build a USO center in memory of Tillman. The Pat Tillman USO Center, the first USO center in Afghanistan, opened on [[Bagram Air Base]] on April 1, 2005.<ref>{{cite news|last=Landers|first=Jim|title=Tillman's Legacy Lives On At Center|work=[[The Dallas Morning News]]|date=January 18, 2009|page=22}}</ref> As of 2019, the NFL continues to support the Pat Tillman Foundation through its Salute to Service campaign honoring United States military service members along with other military and veteran nonprofits.<ref>{{cite news|title=NFL Salute to Service|url=http://www.nfl.com/salute|date=November 15, 2019}}</ref>
The song "[[World Wide Suicide]]" by [[Pearl Jam]], released March 14th, 2006, was written largely about Tillman.
The [[Pacific-10 Conference]] renamed its annual defensive player-of-the-year award in football to the [[Pat Tillman Defensive Player of the Year]].<ref>{{cite press release |publisher=[[Pac-10]] |title=Pac-10 Names Award for Pat Tillman |date=June 8, 2004 |url=http://pac-10.org/News/tabid/863/Article/52096/pac-10-names-award-for-pat-tillman.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401132201/http://www.pac-12.org/ |archive-date=April 1, 2012 |quote=The Pac-10 has renamed its annual defensive player of the year award in football the Pat Tillman Defensive Player of the Year Award, Commissioner Tom Hansen announced today.}}</ref>
[[Forward Operating Base]] Tillman was close to the [[Pakistan]] border, near the village of Lwara in [[Paktika Province]], Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hotzone.yahoo.com/b/hotzone/blogs2908 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405221321/http://hotzone.yahoo.com/b/hotzone/blogs2908 |archive-date=April 5, 2008 |title=The Last Outpost}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/01/22/opinion/afghanistan-us-tough-love/index.html|title=U.S. withdrawal is 'tough love' for disbelieving Afghans - CNN.com|author=Douglas Wissing, Special for|website=CNN|date=January 22, 2013|access-date=June 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627080528/http://www.cnn.com/2013/01/22/opinion/afghanistan-us-tough-love/index.html|archive-date=June 27, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
Tillman's high school, [[Leland High School (San Jose, California)|Leland High School]] in San Jose, renamed its football field after him. In [[New Almaden]], an unincorporated community adjacent to San Jose, where Tillman grew up, a memorial was constructed near the [[Almaden Quicksilver County Park]]. This memorial was dedicated in September 2007 during the annual New Almaden Day celebration.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/valley/ci_6543559 |title=Memorial to honor Pat Tillman, a kid New Almaden knew well|work=San Jose Mercury News|date=August 4, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Horii |first=Ronald |work=New Almaden Day |url=http://www.newalmaden.org/AQSPark/NewAlmadenDay07/NAD07-3.html |title=Pat Tillman Memorial Dedication |publisher=Newalmaden.org |date=September 8, 2007 |access-date=April 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626175730/http://www.newalmaden.org/AQSPark/NewAlmadenDay07/NAD07-3.html |archive-date=June 26, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> In [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], the [[Balsz School District]] named a middle school in 2018 after Tillman.<ref>{{cite web|last=Klapper|first=Clayton|url=https://www.abc15.com/news/region-phoenix-metro/central-phoenix/pat-tillman-elementary-school-phoenix-school-to-be-named-after-pat-tillman|title=Pat Tillman Middle School: Phoenix school named after Pat Tillman
|access-date=August 27, 2019|date=April 17, 2018}}</ref>
The skateboarding [[bulldog]] featured on [[YouTube]] and in an [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] [[iPhone]] commercial was named after Tillman.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wygt6L_3L5Y |title=Tillman the Skateboarding Bulldog |work=YouTube |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715211808/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wygt6L_3L5Y |archive-date=July 15, 2015 }}</ref>
Two books about Tillman were published in 2009. [[Jon Krakauer]], author of ''[[Into Thin Air]]'' and ''[[Into the Wild (Krakauer book)|Into the Wild]]'', chronicles Tillman's story in ''[[Jon Krakauer#Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman|Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman]]'', published by Doubleday on September 15. Meanwhile, Tillman's mother, Mary Tillman, also wrote a book about her son, ''[[Boots on the Ground by Dusk: Searching for Answers in the Death of Pat Tillman|Boots on the Ground by Dusk]]'', which was released in April 2008.
Following Tillman's death, Ohio State Linebackers consisting of [[A. J. Hawk]], [[Bobby Carpenter (American football)|Bobby Carpenter]], and [[Anthony Schlegel]], as well as center [[Nick Mangold]], grew their hair in tribute, imitating Tillman's trademark locks.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/draft/2006-03-08-osu-lb-feature_x.htm | title=Lot of bang from the Buckeyes | work=USA Today | first1=Jim | last1=Corbett | date=March 7, 2006 | access-date=May 21, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101116032116/http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/draft/2006-03-08-osu-lb-feature_x.htm | archive-date=November 16, 2010 | url-status=live}}</ref>
In September 2008, Rory Fanning, a fellow Army Ranger who was stationed with Tillman in Fort Lewis, Washington, began his "Walk for Pat", a walk across the United States in an effort to raise money and awareness for the Pat Tillman Foundation. The stated fundraising goal is $3.6 million, the value of the contract Tillman turned down when he decided to enlist in the military.
The Arizona State University Sun Devils football team wore special uniforms made by Adidas to honor Tillman and his career on October 29, 2015, when they faced the Oregon Ducks. All proceeds from the uniforms went to the Pat Tillman Foundation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Arizona State uniforms will honor former Sun Devil Pat Tillman|url=https://www.espn.com/blog/pac12/post/_/id/93947/arizona-state-unveils-pat-tillman-themed-uniforms|website=ESPN|date=October 29, 2015|access-date=October 29, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030020601/http://espn.go.com/blog/pac12/post/_/id/93947/arizona-state-unveils-pat-tillman-themed-uniforms|archive-date=October 30, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Super Bowl LVII]], which was played in Arizona where he played collegiately and professionally, was dedicated to Tillman. Four Tillman Foundation Scholars performed the ceremonial [[coin toss]].<ref>{{cite web|title=This year's Super Bowl coin toss will honor Pat Tillman|url=https://www.12news.com/article/sports/nfl/superbowl/super-bowl-coin-toss-will-honor-pat-tillman/75-bdc5474d-992c-46b5-abde-b74a9daa2373|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204014609/https://www.12news.com/article/sports/nfl/superbowl/super-bowl-coin-toss-will-honor-pat-tillman/75-bdc5474d-992c-46b5-abde-b74a9daa2373|website=12 News|date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023| archive-date=February 4, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
===Criticisms===
After reports of Tillman's anti-war views became public, [[Ted Rall]], who had previously written a comic calling Tillman a "fool" and "idiot", said that he was wrong to have assumed Tillman to be a "right wing poster child" when Tillman regarded the invasion of Iraq as illegal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tedrall.com/2005_10_01_archive.html#112880323465427889 |title=Pat Tillman Redux |author=Ted Rall |date=October 8, 2005 |access-date=July 28, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070918120108/http://www.tedrall.com/2005_10_01_archive.html#112880323465427889 |archive-date=September 18, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="family demands the truth">{{Cite news|title=Family demands the truth: new inquiry may expose events that led to Pat Tillman's death|access-date=September 24, 2017|date=September 25, 2005|author=Robert Collier|website=San Francisco Chronicle|url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/FAMILY-DEMANDS-THE-TRUTH-New-inquiry-may-expose-2567400.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051231015231/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2005%2F09%2F25%2FMNGD7ETMNM1.DTL|archive-date=December 31, 2005|url-status=live}}</ref>
Then-Lieutenant Colonel [[Ralph Kauzlarich]], Regimental Executive Officer at [[Forward Operating Base Salerno]] on Khost, Afghanistan, under which Tillman was serving at the time of his death, and led the second investigation into Tillman's death, made statements about the Tillman family's search for the truth based on Tillman's [[atheism]]. In comments to [[ESPN]], Kauzlarich said: "These people have a hard time letting it go. It may be because of their religious beliefs" and "When you die, I mean, there is supposedly a better life, right? Well, if you are an atheist and you don't believe in anything, if you die, what is there to go to? Nothing. You are worm dirt. So for their son to die for nothing and now he is no more ... I do not know how an atheist thinks, I can only imagine that would be pretty tough."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/20060728_worm_dirt/ |title=Playing the Atheism Card Against Pat Tillman's Family |author=Stan Goff |date=July 28, 2006 |access-date=July 28, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819010955/http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/20060728_worm_dirt/ |archive-date=August 19, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Kauzlarich conducted the second investigation into Tillman's death which lasted a week, from May 8 to 15, 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espn.com/espn/eticket/story?page=tillmantimeline&redirected=true |title=Pat Tillman Timeline |author=Mike Fish |date=Spring 2006 |access-date=July 31, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925162028/http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/eticket/story?page=tillmantimeline |archive-date=September 25, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> Brigadier General Rodney Johnson, the Commanding General of the United States Army Criminal Investigations Command, testified before Congress that he found these statements "totally unacceptable". Acting Department of Defense Inspector General Thomas Gimble also testified that he was "shocked" that Lieutenant Colonel Kauzlarich would make these statements.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070517170253.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070530191210/http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070517170253.pdf |archive-date=May 30, 2007 |title=Letter to General Ham |author=Henry Waxman|author2=Tom Davis|date=May 16, 2007}}</ref> According to AP analysis, three lower-level officers are expected to be punished, and Kauzlarich may be one of the three. Tillman's mother continues to reject the Pentagon's characterization of the officers' offenses as "errors" in reporting Tillman's death, because several officers have said they made conscious decisions not to tell the Tillman family that friendly fire was suspected.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2007-07-26-tillman_N.htm |title=Report: General faces demotion in Tillman case |agency=Associated Press |date=July 26, 2007 |access-date=July 31, 2007 |work=USA Today |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080124141003/http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2007-07-26-tillman_N.htm |archive-date=January 24, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Media analyses===
Reviews by ''[[The New York Times]]'' reporter [[Dexter Filkins]] of [[Jon Krakauer]]'s book ''[[Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman]]'' noted that the book did well to compile the facts and "nauseating" details regarding the coverup of Tillman's death. "After Tillman's death, Army commanders violated many of their own rules, not to mention elementary standards of decency, to turn the killing into a propaganda coup for the American side," Filkins wrote.<ref name="The Good Soldier">{{Cite news |last=Filkins |first=Dexter |title=The Good Soldier |date=September 8, 2009 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/13/books/review/Filkins-t.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=June 25, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927235412/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/13/books/review/Filkins-t.html |archive-date=September 27, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>
A documentary film, ''[[The Tillman Story]]'', was shown at the [[Sundance Film Festival]] on January 23, 2010, and was released in August 2010.<ref name=TTSImdb>{{IMDb title|1568334|The Tillman Story}}</ref>
On October 19, 2006, Kevin Tillman broke his silence about his brother's death, lashing out at the Iraq War (and [[American Foreign Policy|American foreign policy]] in general) in a 660-word essay published on [[Truthdig]], a progressive online journal of news and opinion.<ref>{{cite web |last=Tillman |first=Kevin |date=October 19, 2006 |title=After Pat's Birthday |url=https://www.truthdig.com/articles/after-pats-birthday/ |work=Truthdig.com |access-date=October 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020184633/http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/200601019_after_pats_birthday/ |archive-date=October 20, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> The essay was widely distributed and was cited in ''The New York Times'' and Associated Press.<ref>{{cite news |last=Archibold |first=Randal C. |date=October 24, 2006 |title=Brother of N.F.L. Star Posts Antiwar Essay |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/24/washington/24tillman.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=October 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515043856/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/24/washington/24tillman.html |archive-date=May 15, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>
==Personal life==
Tillman was an [[atheist]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Holden, Stephen|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/20/movies/20tillman.html|title=When Heroism Means Finding Truth|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 20, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028035322/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/20/movies/20tillman.html|archive-date=October 28, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Ordoňa, Michael|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-aug-18-la-et-tillman-story-20100818-story.html|title=Shadowy Truth: Getting to the truth of Pat Tillman's death|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=August 18, 2010|page=D-6|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825210624/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/la-et-tillman-story-20100818,0,2500845.story|archive-date=August 25, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Mondello, Bob|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129235553|title='The Tillman Story': One Family's Quest For The Truth|publisher=[[NPR]]|date=August 19, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100820104043/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129235553|archive-date=August 20, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pat Tillman's Atheism |url=https://michaelshermer.com/2011/09/pat-tillmans-atheism/ |website=MichaelShermer.com|date=September 13, 2011 }}</ref> According to speakers at his funeral, he was very well-read, having read a number of religious texts including the [[Bible]], [[Quran]], and the [[Book of Mormon]], as well as [[transcendentalism|transcendentalist]] authors such as [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] and [[Henry David Thoreau]]. However, responding to religious overtones at the funeral by [[Maria Shriver]] and [[John McCain]], his youngest brother, Richard, said, "Just make no mistake, he'd want me to say this: He's not with God, he's fucking dead, he's not religious." Richard added, "Thanks for your thoughts, but he's fuckin' dead."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bill Maher interviews brother of Afghanistan 'hero' Pat Tillman |date=September 27, 2010 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/punctuated-equilibrium/2010/sep/27/bill-maher-richard-tillman |___location=London |work=The Guardian |access-date=February 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115133840/http://www.theguardian.com/science/punctuated-equilibrium/2010/sep/27/bill-maher-richard-tillman |archive-date=January 15, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Another article quotes Tillman as having told then-general manager of the [[Seattle Seahawks]], [[Bob Ferguson (American football executive)|Bob Ferguson]], in December 2003, "You know I'm not religious."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2005-04-16-tillman-opportunity_x.htm |work=The Arizona Republic |title=Fallen Ranger Tillman turned down NFL overtures for 2004 season |first=Dan |last=Bickley |date=April 16, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511105550/http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2005-04-16-tillman-opportunity_x.htm |archive-date=May 11, 2008 |access-date=May 21, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
The September 25, 2005, edition of the ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' newspaper reported that Tillman held views which were critical of the Iraq War. According to Tillman's mother, a friend of Tillman had arranged a meeting for Tillman with author [[Noam Chomsky]], a prominent critic of American foreign and military policy, to take place after his return from Afghanistan.<ref name="family demands the truth"/>
On July 20, 2025, Tillman's brother, Richard, crashed a vehicle into [[United States Postal Service|a post office]] in [[San Jose, California]], causing a fire and resulting in Richard being apprehended by police.<ref>{{Cite web |last=staff • • |first=NBC Bay Area |date=2025-07-21 |title=Fiery San Jose post office crash: Pat Tillman's brother arrested, mail service delays |url=https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/pat-richard-tillman-post-office-crash-fire/3918845/ |access-date=2025-07-21 |website=NBC Bay Area |language=en-US}}</ref>
==See also==
* ''[[A Second Knock at the Door]]''
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* {{Cite book
| last = Krakauer
| first = Jon
| year = 2009
| title = [[Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman]]
| publisher = Doubleday (September 15, 2009)
| isbn = 978-0-385-52226-7
}}
* {{Cite book
| last = Tillman
| first = Mary
| author2 = Narda Zacchino
| year = 2008
| title = Boots on the Ground by Dusk: My Tribute to Pat Tillman
| publisher = Modern Times
| isbn = 978-1-59486-880-1
| url = https://archive.org/details/bootsongroundbyd00till
}}
* {{Cite book
| last = Tillman
| first = Mary
| author2 = Narda Zacchino
| year = 2010
| title = [[Boots On The Ground By Dusk: Searching for Answers in the Death of Pat Tillman]]
| publisher = Blurb, Inc.
}}
* {{Cite book
| last = Towle
| first = Mike
| year = 2004
| title = I've got things to do with my life: the making of an American hero
| publisher = Triumph Books
| isbn = 978-1-572-43708-1
| url = https://archive.org/details/ivegotthingstodo00mike
}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Pat Tillman}}
*{{Footballstats |nfl=Pat-Tillman
|espn=1605 |yahoo=4455 |si=4455 |pfr=T/TillPa20}}
*{{College Football HoF|id=2306|name=Pat Tillman}}
* [http://www.pattillmanfoundation.net/ Pat Tillman Foundation]
{{Prone to spam|date=November 2014}}
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