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Common factor analysis software is capable of producing an unrotated solution. This refers to the result of a [[#Principal_axis_factoring_(PAF)|principal axis factoring]] with no further rotation. The so-called unrotated solution is in fact an orthogonal rotation that maximizes the variance of the first factors. The unrotated solution tends to give a general factor with loadings for most of the variables. This may be useful if many variables are correlated with each other, as revealed by one or a few dominating [[eigenvalue|eigenvalues]] on a [[scree plot]].
The usefulness of an unrotated solution was emphasized by a [[meta analysis]] of studies of cultural differences. This revealed that many published studies of cultural differences have given similar factor analysis results, but rotated differently. Factor rotation has obscured the similarity between the results of different studies and the existence of a strong general factor, while the unrotated solutions were much more similar.<ref name="Fog2020">{{cite journal|last=Fog|first=A. |title=A Test of the Reproducibility of the Clustering of Cultural Variables |journal=Cross-Cultural Research |year=2020 |doi=10.1177/1069397120956948}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Examining Factors in 2015 TIMSS Australian Grade 4 Student Questionnaire Regarding Attitudes Towards Science Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)|url=https://twasp.info/journal/gi93583P/examining-factors-in-2015-timss-australian-grade-4-student-questionnaire-regarding-attitudes-towards-science-using-exploratory-factor-analysis-efa|journal=North American Academic Research|volume=3}}</ref>
==Factor interpretation==
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