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The term can also be used simply to describe flow in any body of fluid external to the system under consideration.<ref name="external"/><ref name="asme"/>
In external co-flow, fluid in the external region occurs in the same direction as flow within the system of interest; this contrasts with external counterflow.<ref name="
==References==
<references>
<ref name="AIP">{{Cite journal|url=https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.868126|title=Absolute and convective instability of axisymmetric jets with external flow|first1=S.|last1=Jendoubi|first2=P. J.|last2=Strykowski|date=September 1, 1994|journal=Physics of Fluids|volume=6|issue=9|pages=3000–3009|via=aip.scitation.org (Atypon)|doi=10.1063/1.868126}}</ref>
<ref name="dynamics">https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0702650</ref>
<ref name="external">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167610506000857|title=External flow effects on the discharge coefficients of two types of ventilation opening|date=April 1, 2007|journal=Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics|volume=95|issue=4|pages=225–252|via=www.sciencedirect.com|doi=10.1016/j.jweia.2006.06.013}}</ref>
<ref name="asme">{{Cite web|url=https://electronicpackaging.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/GT/proceedings/GT1994/78835/V001T01A041/255325|title=Rim Sealing of Rotor-Stator Wheelspaces in the Presence of External Flow|first1=J. W.|last1=Chew|first2=T.|last2=Green|first3=A. B.|last3=Turner|date=February 18, 2015|publisher=American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection|via=asmedigitalcollection.asme.org|doi=10.1115/94-GT-126}}</ref>
<ref name="stochastic">{{Cite journal|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.178302|title=Role of External Flow and Frame Invariance in Stochastic Thermodynamics|first1=Thomas|last1=Speck|first2=Jakob|last2=Mehl|first3=Udo|last3=Seifert|date=April 28, 2008|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=100|issue=17|pages=178302|via=APS|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.178302}}</ref>
</references>
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