Phasmatodea: differenze tra le versioni

Contenuto cancellato Contenuto aggiunto
Corretto refuso
aggiorno tassonomia
Riga 15:
|sottoclasse=[[Pterygota]]{{Tassobox gruppo generico|titolo=[[Coorte (tassonomia)|Coorte]]|nome=[[Exopterygota]]}}{{Tassobox gruppo generico|titolo=[[Coorte (tassonomia)|Subcoorte]]|nome=[[Neoptera]]}}
|superordine=[[Polyneoptera]]{{Tassobox gruppo generico|titolo=[[Sezione (tassonomia)|Sezione]]|nome=[[Orthopteroidea]]}}
|ordine='''Phasmatodea'''<br/><span style="font-variant: small-caps">Jacobson & Bianchi, 1902</span>
|sottordine=
|infraordine=
Riga 38:
|sinonimi=
|nomicomuni=
|suddivisione= [[superfamiglia (tassonomia)Sottordine|SuperfamiglieSottordini]]
|suddivisione_testo=
* [[PhasmatoideaAgathemerodea]]
* [[Phyllioidea]]
* [[Timematodea]]
* [[Verophasmatodea]]
}}
 
I '''fasmidi''' ('''Phasmatodea''' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Jacobson & Bianchi, 1902</span>, dal greco phasma ‘fantasma') sono un [[Ordine (tassonomia)|ordine]] di [[Insecta|insetti]] [[Pterigoti]], terrestri, di medie e grandi dimensioni, di forma allungata, allargata o depressa. Appartengono alla sottoclasse [[Euentomata]], comprendente specie terrestri con abitudini notturne, di medie o grandi dimensioni, alati o meno. Vivono in ambienti umidi.
 
== Morfologia ==
Riga 59:
 
Il fasmide ''[[Pharnacia kirbyi]]'' è uno degli insetti più lunghi al mondo.
 
== Allevamento ==
[[File:Peruphasma shultei.jpg|thumb|left|Femmina di ''Peruphasma shultei'' in cattività]]
Molte specie di fasmidi vengono allevate in casa. Hanno bisogno di un terrario di grandezza adeguata alla specie che si vuole allevare. Bisogna prestare attenzione nei periodi di muta perché hanno bisogno di una determinata umidità dell'aria per completarla e anche la temperatura dell'aria deve essere tenuta sotto controllo perché alcuni provengono da zone tropicali e muoiono con temperature troppo basse.
 
== Tassonomia ==
Riga 69 ⟶ 65:
[[File:Wandelndes Blatt Phyllium bioculatum 051031a.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Phyllium bioculatum]]'']]
 
L'ordine è suddiviso in tre [[sottordine|sottordini]]<ref>{{PSF|1199226|Phasmatodea|17 gennaio 2019}}</ref>
Superfamiglia [[Timematoidea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Parker</span>, 1982
* Sottordine [[Agathemerodea]]
* [[Timematidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Caudell</span>, 1903
Superfamiglia** Famiglia [[PhyllioideaAgathemeridae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">KarnyBradler</span>, 19232003
 
* [[Phylliidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Redtenbacher</span>, 1906
* Sottordine [[Timematodea]]
* [[Pseudophasmatidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Kirby</span>, 1896
** Famiglia [[AnisomorphiniTimematidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">RedtenbacherCaudell</span>, 19061903
 
** [[Stratocleidini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1915
* Sottordine [[Verophasmatodea]]
** [[Pseudophasmatini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** Infraordine [[Anareolatae]]
** [[Xerosomatini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
*** Famiglia [[PrisopodiniLonchodidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
*** Famiglia [[HeteronemiiniDiapheromeridae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">GüntherKarny</span>, 19531923
Superfamiglia*** Famiglia [[TimematoideaPhasmatidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">ParkerKarny</span>, 19821923
** [[Xeropsidini]]
** Infraordine [[Areolatae]]
* [[Korinnidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
***Superfamiglia [[AschiphasmatidaeAschiphasmatoidea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner von Wattenwyl</span>, 1893
**** Famiglia [[AschiphasmatinaeAschiphasmatidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">KirbyBrunner</span>, 18961893
**** [[Heteropterygidae]]Famiglia <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Rehn</span>, 1904 (= [[ObrimidaeDamasippoididae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Rehn & RehnZompro</span>, 1939)2004
**** Famiglia [[HeteropteryginiPrisopodidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">KirbyBrunner von Wattenwyl</span>, 18961893
***Superfamiglia [[ObriminiBacilloidea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner von Wattenwyl</span>, 1893
**** Famiglia [[AnisacanthiniAnisacanthidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
**** Famiglia [[DataminiBacillidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Rehn & RehnRedtenbacher</span>, 19391906
**** Famiglia [[PygirhynchidaeHeteropterygidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">RedtenbacherRehn</span>, 19061904
***Superfamiglia [[BacillidaePhyllioidea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">RedtenbacherBrunner von Wattenwyl</span>, 19061893
**** Famiglia [[XyliciniPhylliidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">GüntherRedtenbacher</span>, 19531906
***Superfamiglia [[AntongiliiniPseudophasmatoidea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">GüntherRehn</span>, 19531904
**** Famiglia [[BacilliniHeteronemiidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">GüntherRehn</span>, 19531904
**** ''Famiglia [[Bacillus rossiusPseudophasmatidae]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">RossiKirby</span>, 17881896
 
=== Alcune specie ===
* ''[[PseudophasmatidaeEurycantha calcarata]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">KirbyLucas</span>, 18961869
* ''[[PhylliidaeAchrioptera fallax]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">RedtenbacherCoquerel</span>, 19061861
* ''[[TimematidaeBacillus rossius]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">CaudellRossi</span>, 19031788
** ''[[StratocleidiniDiapherodes gigantea]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">BrunnerGmelin</span>, 19151789
 
== Note ==
Superfamiglia [[Phasmatoidea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Karny</span>, 1923
<references/>
* [[Tropidoderidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893 (= [[Podacanthidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953)
** [[Tropidoderini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
** [[Monandropterini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
* [[Phasmatidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Karny</span>, 1923
** [[Phasmatini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
** [[Stephanacridini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Achriopterini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
*** [[Achrioptera]], Coquerel, 1861
**** [[Achrioptera fallax]] Coquerel, 1861
** [[Acanthomimini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Pharnaciini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Baculini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Acanthoxylini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Bradley & Galil</span>, 1977
* [[Eurycanthidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
** [[Neopromachini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Eurycanthini]]
*** [[Eurycantha]], <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Boisduval</span>, 1835
**** [[Eurycantha calcarata]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Lucas</span>, 1869
* [[Xeroderidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
* [[Platycranidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Redtenbacher</span>, 1908
* [[Bacteriidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893 (= [[Cladomorphinae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893; = [[Phibalosomatidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Redtenbacher</span>, 1908)
** [[Hesperophasmatini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Rehn</span>, 1901
** [[Cladoxerini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Karny</span>, 1923
** [[Craspedoniini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Bradley & Galil</span>, 1977
** [[Bacteriini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
** [[Otocraniini]]
** [[Cranidiini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
*** [[Diapherodes]], <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Gray</span>, 1953
**** [[Diapherodes gigantea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Gmelin</span>, 1789
* [[Palophidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Redtenbacher</span>, 1908
* [[Necrosciidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
* [[Pachymorphidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893 (= [[Clitumnidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1907)
** [[Ramulini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
*** ''[[Leptynia hispanica]]''
** [[Hemipachymorphini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Pachymorphini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
* [[Lonchodidae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893 (= [[Prisomeridae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Karny</span>, 1923)
** [[Lonchodini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
** [[Menexenini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Brunner</span>, 1893
* [[Diapheromeridae]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Karny</span>, 1923
** [[Diapheromerini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Zompro</span>, 2001
** [[Libethrini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Ocnophilini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Günther</span>, 1953
** [[Oreophoetini]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Zompro</span>, 2001
 
== Bibliografia ==