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The '''sulfur lamp''' is a microwave-powered [[electrode|electrodeless]] lighting system concieved by engineer Michael Ury, physicist Charles Wood and their colleagues in 1990 and further developed in 1994 by Fusion Lighting (USA), with support from the [[U.S. Department of Energy]]. About the size of a [[golf ball]], the sulfur lamp consists of a [[quartz]] bulb containing non-toxic [[sulfur]] and inert [[argon]] gas at the end of a thin glass stick. A [[microwave]] energy source of 2.45 Ghz ([[magnetron]]) bombards the lamp while a fan-cooled motor spins the lamp at 3400 rpm. The microwave energy excites the gas, which heats the sulfur, forming a brightly glowing [[plasma_physics|plasma]] that can illuminate a very large area.
The first early prototype lamps were 5.9 Kw units with a system efficacy of 80 [[lumen_(unit)|lumens]] per [[watt]]. Correlated [[color_temperature|color temperature]] was about 6000[[Kelvin|K]] with a [[color rendering index]] of 79 CRI. The sulfur lamp starts within seconds even at low ambient temperatures and can be dimmed. The lamp emits no [[electric field|electric]] or [[magnetic field|magnetic fields]], and the light output remains constant over its life.
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