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Line 19: \|access-date=2006-07-11}}</ref> These were often "woefully inaccurate",<ref>Holwitt, p. 147.</ref> which helps explain why torpedo spreads were advised. During World War II, Germany,<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.msichicago.org/exhibit/U505/virtualtour/photo_tour/contower.html \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=2006-08-01 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://archive.istoday/20050608024538/http://www.msichicago.org/exhibit/U505/virtualtour/photo_tour/contower.html \|archive-date=2005-06-08 }}</ref> Japan,<ref>[http://web.ukonline.co.uk/chalcraft/sm/attack.html Britain] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060619061752/http://web.ukonline.co.uk/chalcraft/sm/attack.html \|date=2006-06-19 }}</ref> and the United States each developed [[analog computer]]s to automate the process of computing the required torpedo course.<ref name=JapanTechnology>{{cite book \| last = Jackson, USNR \| first = Lt.(jg) J.G. \| url = http://www.fischer-tropsch.org/primary_documents/gvt_reports/USNAVY/USNTMJ%20Reports/USNTMJ-200F-0086-0124%20Report%20O-32.pdf \| title = Japanese Torpedo Fire Control \| date = February 1946 \| publisher = US Naval Technical Mission to Japan \| id = Fascicle O-1, Target O-32 \| url-status = dead \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070720142332/http://www.fischer-tropsch.org/primary_documents/gvt_reports/USNAVY/USNTMJ%20Reports/USNTMJ-200F-0086-0124%20Report%20O-32.pdf \| archive-date = 2007-07-20 }}</ref> In 1932, the [[Bureau of Ordnance]] (BuOrd) initiated development of the TDC with [[Arma Corporation]] and [[Ford Instruments]].<ref name="Holwitt, p.147">Holwitt, p.147.</ref> This culminated in the "very complicated" Mark 1 in 1938.<ref name="Holwitt, p.147"/> This was retrofitted into older boats, beginning with [[USS Dolphin (SS-169)\|''Dolphin'']] and up through the newest [[Salmon class submarine\|''Salmon'']]s.<ref name="Holwitt, p.147"/>

Torpedo Data Computer: Difference between revisions