Homotopy analysis method: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 07:43, 12 November 2021

Revision as of 08:49, 23 October 2022

Line 16:

In the last twenty years, the HAM has been applied to solve a growing number of nonlinear [[ordinary differential equations|ordinary]]/[[partial differential equation]]s in science, finance, and engineering.<ref name="HAM in NDEs">{{citation | last=Liao | first=S.J. | title=Homotopy Analysis Method in Nonlinear Differential Equations| publisher=Springer & Higher Education Press| ___location=Berlin & Beijing | year=2012 | isbn=978-7-04-032298-9}} [https://www.amazon.com/Homotopy-Analysis-Nonlinear-Differential-Equations/dp/3642251315]</ref><ref>{{citation | last1=Vajravelu | first1=K. | last2= Van Gorder| title= Nonlinear Flow Phenomena and Homotopy Analysis| publisher=Springer & Higher Education Press| ___location=Berlin & Beijing | year=2013 | isbn=978-3-642-32102-3}} [https://www.amazon.com/Nonlinear-Flow-Phenomena-Homotopy-Analysis/dp/3642321011/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1384402655&sr=1-1]</ref>

For example, multiple steady-state resonant waves in deep and finite water depth<ref>{{citation|last1=Xu|first1=D.L.|last2=Lin|first2=Z.L.|last3=Liao|first3=S.J.|last4=Stiassnie|first4=M.|title=On the steady-state fully resonant progressive waves in water of finite depth|journal =Journal of Fluid Mechanics|volume = 710|pages=379–418|year=2012|doi = 10.1017/jfm.2012.370|bibcode = 2012JFM...710..379X |s2cid=122094345 }}</ref> were found with the [[wave resonance]] criterion of arbitrary number of traveling [[gravity waves]]; this agreed with Phillips' criterion for four waves with small amplitude. Further, a unified wave model applied with the HAM,<ref>{{citation | last=Liao | first=S.J. | title= Do peaked solitary water waves indeed exist? | journal=Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation|year=2013 | doi=10.1016/j.cnsns.2013.09.042|arxiv = 1204.3354 |bibcode = 2014CNSNS..19.1792L | volume=19 | issue=6 | pages=1792–1821| s2cid=119203215 }}</ref> admits not only the traditional smooth progressive periodic/solitary waves, but also the progressive solitary waves with peaked crest in finite water depth. This model shows peaked solitary waves are consistent solutions along with the known smooth ones. Additionally, the HAM has been applied to many other nonlinear problems such as nonlinear [[heat transfer]],<ref>{{citation | last1=Abbasbandy | first1=S. | title= The application of homotopy analysis method to nonlinear equations arising in heat transfer | journal=Physics Letters A| volume=360| issue=1 | pages=109–113|year=2006 | doi=10.1016/j.physleta.2006.07.065|bibcode = 2006PhLA..360..109A }}</ref> the [[limit cycle]] of nonlinear dynamic systems,<ref>{{citation|last1= Chen|first1=Y.M.|first2=J.K. |last2=Liu|title=Uniformly valid solution of limit cycle of the Duffing–van der Pol equation|journal = Mechanics Research Communications|volume= 36|issue=7|year= 2009|pages= 845–850|doi=10.1016/j.mechrescom.2009.06.001}}</ref> the American [[put option]],<ref>{{citation | last1=Zhu | first1=S.P. | title= An exact and explicit solution for the valuation of American put options | journal=Quantitative Finance| volume=6| pages=229–242|year=2006 | issue=3 | doi=10.1080/14697680600699811| s2cid=121851109 }}</ref> the exact [[Navier–Stokes equation]],<ref>{{citation|last=Turkyilmazoglu|first=M.|title=Purely analytic solutions of the compressible boundary layer flow due to a porous rotating disk with heat transfer|journal=Physics of Fluids|volume=21|issue=10|pages=106104–106104–12|year=2009|doi=10.1063/1.3249752|bibcode = 2009PhFl...21j6104T }}</ref> the option pricing under [[stochastic volatility]],<ref>{{citation|last1=Park|first1=Sang-Hyeon|last2=Kim|first2=Jeong-Hoon|title=Homotopy analysis method for option pricing under stochastic volatility|journal=Applied Mathematics Letters|volume= 24|issue=10|year= 2011|pages= 1740–1744|doi=10.1016/j.aml.2011.04.034|doi-access=free}}</ref> the [[electrohydrodynamic]] flows,<ref>{{citation|last=Mastroberardino|first=A.|title=Homotopy analysis method applied to electrohydrodynamic flow|journal = Commun. Nonlinear. Sci. Numer. Simulat.| volume=16|issue=7|year= 2011| pages=2730–2736|doi=10.1016/j.cnsns.2010.10.004|bibcode = 2011CNSNS..16.2730M }}</ref> the [[Poisson–Boltzmann equation]] for semiconductor devices,<ref>{{citation|last1=Nassar|first1= Christopher J.| first2= Joseph F. |last2=Revelli|first3=Robert J. |last3=Bowman|title=Application of the homotopy analysis method to the Poisson–Boltzmann equation for semiconductor devices |journal = Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat |volume=16 |issue= 6|year=2011|pages= 2501–2512|doi=10.1016/j.cnsns.2010.09.015|bibcode = 2011CNSNS..16.2501N }}</ref> and others.

== Brief mathematical description ==