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The '''Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer''' ('''MODIS''') is a satellite-based sensor used for earth and climate measurements. There are two MODIS sensors in [[Earth orbit]]: one on board the [[Terra (satellite)|Terra]] ([[Earth Observing System|EOS]] AM) satellite, launched by [[NASA]] in 1999; and one on board the [[Aqua (satellite)|Aqua]] (EOS PM) satellite, launched in 2002. MODIS is succeeded by the [[VIIRS]],{{fact|date=November 2021}} which was first launched in 2011 aboard the [[Suomi NPP]] satellite.
The MODIS instruments were built by Santa Barbara Remote Sensing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/components.php|title=MODIS Components|access-date= 11 August 2015}}</ref> They capture data in 36 spectral bands ranging in wavelength from 0.4 [[μm]] to 14.4 μm and at varying spatial resolutions (2 bands at 250 m, 5 bands at 500 m and 29 bands at 1 km). Together the instruments image the entire Earth every 1 to 2 days. They are designed to provide measurements in large-scale global dynamics including changes in Earth's [[cloud cover]], [[radiation budget]] and processes occurring in the oceans, on land, and in the [[Atmosphere of Earth#Structure of the atmosphere|lower atmosphere]]
The MODIS characterization support team (MCST) is dedicated to the production of high-quality MODIS calibrated product which is a precursor to every geophysical science product. A detailed description of the MCST mission statement and other details can be found at MCST Web.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mcst.gsfc.nasa.gov/|title=MODIS Characterization Support Team|access-date= 18 July 2015}}</ref>
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===Calibration===
MODIS utilizes four on-board calibrators in addition to the space view in order to provide in-flight calibration: solar diffuser (SD), solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM), spectral radiometric calibration assembly (SRCA), and a v-groove [[black body]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/design.php|title=MODIS Design|access-date= 11 August 2015}}</ref> MODIS has used the [[Marine Optical Buoy#Contribution|marine optical buoy]] for vicarious calibration.
==MODIS bands==
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