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[[File:MADDIDA Selen Rectifier.JPG|thumb|right|Selenium rectifiers used in 1950s [[MADDIDA]] computer]]
[[File:Selenium rectifier.agr.jpg|thumb|Selenium rectifier from 1960s. Each plate is 1-inch square.]]
Selenium rectifiers are able to withstand repetitive significant overload without the need of special protective measures. It is commonly used in electroplating rectifier under 200,000A and electrostatic precipitators operating between 30 to 100kV<ref>{{Cite book|last=Reeves|first=E. A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KcI99VbjwPwC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA95&hl=en|title=Newnes Electrical Pocket Book|last2=Heathcote|first2=Martin|date=2013-06-17|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2013|isbn=978-1-136-37644-3|pages=95|language=en}}</ref>
[[Receiver (radio)|Radio]] and television receivers used them from about 1947 to 1975 to provide up to a few hundred volts of plate voltage. Vacuum-tube rectifiers had efficiencies of only 60% compared to the 85% of selenium rectifiers, partially because vacuum-tube rectifiers required heating. Selenium rectifiers have no warm-up time, unlike high-vacuum rectifiers. Selenium rectifiers were also cheaper and simpler to specify and install than vacuum tubes. However, they were later replaced by silicon diodes with high efficiencies (close to 100% at high voltages). Selenium rectifiers had the capability to act as current limiters, which can temporarily protect the rectifier during a short circuit and provide stable current for charging batteries.▼
▲[[Receiver (radio)|Radio]] and television receivers used them from about 1947 to 1975 to provide up to a few hundred volts of plate voltage. Vacuum-tube rectifiers had efficiencies of only 60% compared to the 85% of selenium rectifiers, partially because vacuum-tube rectifiers required heating. Selenium rectifiers have no warm-up time, unlike high-vacuum rectifiers. Selenium rectifiers were also cheaper and simpler to specify and install than vacuum tubes. However, they were later replaced by silicon diodes with high efficiencies (close to 100% at high voltages). Selenium rectifiers had the capability to act as current limiters, which can temporarily protect the rectifier during a short circuit and provide stable current for charging batteries.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}
==Properties==
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