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== Examples of common data models ==
===
[[Once-only principle#X-trans.eu|X-trans.eu]] was a cross-border pilot project between the [[Bavaria|Free State of Bavaria]] (Germany) and [[Upper Austria]] with the aim of developing a faster procedure for the application and approval of cross-border large-capacity transports. The portal was based on a common data model that contained all the information required for approval.▼
The [[Microsoft Common Data Model]] is a collection of many standardised extensible data schemas with entities, attributes, semantic metadata, and relationships, which represent commonly used concepts and activities in various businesses areas such as "automotive, banking, commerce, educational, healthcare, marketing, sales, legal and non-profit institutions".<ref>[https://www.avantiico.com/microsoft-power-platform/common-data-model/ Common Data Model - Avantiico]</ref> It is maintained by [[Microsoft]] and its partners, and is published on [[GitHub]].<ref>[https://github.com/Microsoft/CDM GitHub - microsoft/CDM: The Common Data Model (CDM) is a standard and extensible collection of schemas (entities, attributes, relationships) that represents business concepts and activities with well-defined semantics, to facilitate data interoperability. Examples of entities include: Account, Contact, Lead, Opportunity, Product, etc.]</ref> Microsoft's Common Data Model is used amongst others in [[Microsoft Dataverse]]<ref>[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/common-data-model/use About - Common Data Model - Common Data Model | Microsoft Docs]</ref> and with various [[Microsoft Power Platform]]<ref>[https://radacad.com/what-is-the-common-data-model-and-why-should-i-care-part-3-of-dataflow-series-in-power-bi What is the Common Data Model and Why Should I Care? Part 3 of Dataflow Series in Power BI - RADACAD]</ref> and [[Microsoft Dynamics 365]]<ref>[https://www.nigelfrank.com/insights/microsoft-dynamics-365-the-common-data-model-explained Microsoft Dynamics 365: the Common Data Model explained | Nigel Frank]</ref> services.▼
=== Other examples ===▼
[[RailSystemModel]] is a common data model for the [[Rail transport|railway sector]].<ref>[https://uic.org/com/enews/nr/365/article/uic-and-railml-act-for-creating-3939?page=modal_enews UIC and railML act to create the foundations for a Universal Infrastructure Data Exchange Format | UIC Communications]</ref>▼
=== Climate data ===
The [https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/toolbox/doc/how-to/15_how_to_understand_the_common_data_model/15_how_to_understand_the_common_data_model.html Climate Data Store Common Data Model] is a common data model set up by the [[Copernicus Climate Change Service]] for harmonising essential [[climate change|climate variables]] from different sources and data providers.
=== General information technology ===
Within [[service-oriented architecture]], [[S-RAMP]] is a specification released by [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]], [[IBM]], [[Software AG]], [[TIBCO]], and [[Red Hat]]<ref name="Lublinsky 2010">Boris Lublinsky HP, IBM, Software AG and TIBCO Releases Version 0.9 of the SOA Repository Specification - http://www.infoq.com/news/2010/04/SOARepository InfoQ, April 27, 2010</ref> which defines a common data model for SOA repositories<ref name="Stam 2014">Kurt Stam, Eric Wittmann S-RAMP Version 1.0. Part 1: Foundation - http://docs.oasis-open.org/s-ramp/s-ramp/v1.0/s-ramp-v1.0-part1-foundation.html OASIS, December 23, 2013</ref> as well as an interaction protocol to facilitate the use of common tooling and sharing of data.<ref name="Smithson 2014">Martin Smithson, Vincent Brunssen S-RAMP Version 1.0. Part 2: Atom Binding - http://docs.oasis-open.org/s-ramp/s-ramp/v1.0/s-ramp-v1.0-part2-atom-binding.html OASIS, December 23, 2013</ref>
[[Content Management Interoperability Services]] (CMIS) is an open standard for inter-operation of different [[content management system]]s over the internet, and provides a common data model for typed files and folders used with with [[version control]].▼
▲[[Once-only principle#X-trans.eu|X-trans.eu]] was a cross-border pilot project between the [[Bavaria|Free State of Bavaria]] (Germany) and [[Upper Austria]] with the aim of developing a faster procedure for the application and approval of cross-border large-capacity transports. The portal was based on a common data model that contained all the information required for approval.
The NetCDF software libraries for array-oriented scientific data implements a common data model called the [[NetCDF#NetCDF-Java common data model|NetCDF Java common data model]], which consists of three layers built on top of each other to add successively richer semantics.
=== Health ===
{{main|Electronic health record#Common data model (in health data context)}}
Within [[genomic and medical data]], the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) research program established under the U.S. [[National Institutes of Health]] has created a common data model for claims and electronic health records which can accommodate data from different sources around the world. PCORnet, which was developed by the [[Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute]], is another common data model for health data including electronic health records and patient claims. The [[JANUS clinical trial data repository]] also provides a common data model which is based on the [[SDTM]] standard to represent clinical data submitted to regulatory agencies, such as tabulation datasets, patient profiles, listings, etc.▼
=== Logistics ===
[[SX000i - International guide for the use of the S-Series of Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) specifications|SX000i]] is a specification developed jointly by the [[Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe]] (ASD) and the American [[Aerospace Industries Association]] (AIA) to provide information, guidance and instructions to ensure compatibility and the commonality. The associated SX002D specification contains a common data model.
=== Microsoft Common Data Model ===
▲[[Content Management Interoperability Services]] (CMIS) is an open standard for inter-operation of different [[content management system]]s over the internet, and provides a common data model for typed files and folders used with with [[version control]].
▲The [[Microsoft Common Data Model]] is a collection of many standardised extensible data schemas with entities, attributes, semantic metadata, and relationships, which represent commonly used concepts and activities in various businesses areas such as "automotive, banking, commerce, educational, healthcare, marketing, sales, legal and non-profit institutions".<ref>[https://www.avantiico.com/microsoft-power-platform/common-data-model/ Common Data Model - Avantiico]</ref> It is maintained by [[Microsoft]] and its partners, and is published on [[GitHub]].<ref>[https://github.com/Microsoft/CDM GitHub - microsoft/CDM: The Common Data Model (CDM) is a standard and extensible collection of schemas (entities, attributes, relationships) that represents business concepts and activities with well-defined semantics, to facilitate data interoperability. Examples of entities include: Account, Contact, Lead, Opportunity, Product, etc.]</ref> Microsoft's Common Data Model is used amongst others in [[Microsoft Dataverse]]<ref>[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/common-data-model/use About - Common Data Model - Common Data Model | Microsoft Docs]</ref> and with various [[Microsoft Power Platform]]<ref>[https://radacad.com/what-is-the-common-data-model-and-why-should-i-care-part-3-of-dataflow-series-in-power-bi What is the Common Data Model and Why Should I Care? Part 3 of Dataflow Series in Power BI - RADACAD]</ref> and [[Microsoft Dynamics 365]]<ref>[https://www.nigelfrank.com/insights/microsoft-dynamics-365-the-common-data-model-explained Microsoft Dynamics 365: the Common Data Model explained | Nigel Frank]</ref> services.
=== Rail transport ===
▲Within [[genomic and medical data]], the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) research program established under the U.S. [[National Institutes of Health]] has created a common data model for claims and electronic health records which can accommodate data from different sources around the world. PCORnet, which was developed by the [[Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute]], is another common data model for health data including electronic health records and patient claims. The [[JANUS clinical trial data repository]] also provides a common data model which is based on the [[SDTM]] standard to represent clinical data submitted to regulatory agencies, such as tabulation datasets, patient profiles, listings, etc.
▲[[RailSystemModel]] is a common data model for the [[Rail transport|railway sector]].<ref>[https://uic.org/com/enews/nr/365/article/uic-and-railml-act-for-creating-3939?page=modal_enews UIC and railML act to create the foundations for a Universal Infrastructure Data Exchange Format | UIC Communications]</ref>
There are many more examples of various common data models for different uses published by different sources.<ref>[https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/taddm/7.3.0?topic=kit-introducing-common-data-model Introducing the Common Data Model - IBM Documentation]</ref><ref>[https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/cdm Common Data Model (CDM) - EU Vocabularies - Publications Office of the EU]</ref><ref>[https://docs.workato.com/features/common-data-model.html Common data model | Workato Docs]</ref><ref>[https://docs.bmc.com/docs/ac2002/common-data-model-concepts-908213436.html Common Data Model concepts - Documentation for BMC CMDB 20.02 - BMC Documentation]</ref><ref>[https://docs.evolveum.com/midpoint/reference/schema/common-data-model/ Common Data Model - Evolveum Docs]</ref>
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