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==The closed testing principle==
Suppose there are ''k'' hypotheses ''H''<sub>1</sub>,..., ''H''<sub>''k''</sub> to be tested and the overall type I error rate is α. The closed testing principle allows the rejection of any one of these elementary hypotheses, say ''H''<sub>''i''</sub>, if all possible intersection hypotheses involving ''H''<sub>''i''</sub> can be rejected by using valid local level α tests; the adjusted p-value is the largest among those hypotheses. It controls the [[familywisefamily-wise error rate]] for all the ''k'' hypotheses at level α in the strong sense.
 
==Example==