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The first production of sugar from sugar-cane took place in [[India]]. [[Alexander the Great]]'s companions reported seeing "[[honey]] produced without the intervention of bees" and it remained exotic in Europe until the Arabs started cultivating it in [[Sicily]] and [[Spain]]. Only after the [[Crusades]] did it begin to rival honey as a sweetener in Europe. The Spanish began cultivating sugar-cane in the [[West Indies]] in 1506 (and in [[Cuba]] in 1523). The [[Portugal|Portuguese]] first cultivated sugar-cane in [[Brazil]] in 1532.
Most cane-sugar comes from countries with warm climates, such as Brazil, [[Pakistan]], [[India]], [[China]] and [[Australia]]. In 2001/2002 [[developing country|developing countries]] produced over twice as much sugar as developed countries. The greatest quantity of sugar comes from [[Latin America]], the [[United States]], the [[Caribbean]] nations, and the [[Far East]]
Beet-sugar comes from regions with cooler climates: northwest and eastern Europe, northern Japan, plus some areas in the United States (including California). In the northern hemisphere, the beet-growing season ends with the start of harvesting around September. Harvesting and processing continues until March in some cases. The availability of processing-plant capacity, and the weather both influence the duration of harvesting and processing - the industry can lay up harvested beet until processed, but frost-damaged beet becomes effectively unprocessable.
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