Event data recorder: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:28, 9 August 2022

Revision as of 21:26, 17 August 2022

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An '''event data recorder''' ('''EDR'''), more specifically '''motor vehicle event data recorder''' ('''MVEDR'''), similar to an [[accident data recorder]] (ADR) sometimes referred to informally as an automotive '''black box''' (by analogy with the common nickname for [[flight recorder]]s), is a device installed in some [[automobile]]s to record information related to [[traffic collision]]s.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Larson|first1=Aaron|title=What is an Automobile Black Box|url=https://www.expertlaw.com/library/accidents/auto_black_boxes.html|website=ExpertLaw|access-date=18 June 2017}}</ref> In the USA EDRs must meet federal standards, as described within the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations.<ref name="CFREDR">{{cite web|title=49 CFR 563.7|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title49-vol6/pdf/CFR-2010-title49-vol6-sec563-7.pdf|website=U.S. Government Printing Office|access-date=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="CFR 563">{{cite web |title=PART 563 - EVENT DATA RECORDERS |url=https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-V/part-563 |website=Code of Federal Regulations |access-date=17 August 2022}}</ref>

The term generally refers to a simple, tamper-proof, [[read-write memory]] device. The role of the EDR is limited compared to journey data recorders such as [[digital tachograph]] in Europe or [[electronic logging device]] in the USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/specialist/knowledge/esave/esafety_measures_known_safety_effects/black_boxes_in_vehicle_data_recorders_en|title = Black boxes/ In-vehicle data recorders|date = 17 October 2016}}</ref> which may also be referred to as a black box or in-vehicle data recorder.

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The new standard specifies minimal performance characteristics for onboard tamper- and crash-proof memory devices for all types and classes of highway and roadway vehicles. This international protocol will help manufacturers develop what is commonly called "black boxes" for autos, trucks, buses, ambulances, fire trucks and other vehicles. It includes a data dictionary of 86 data elements and covers device survivability.

Since between 2006 and 2012, the US has fittedwhat vehiclesdata withmust be recorded in event data recorders, if a vehicle has an event data recorder, according to American regulation 49 CFR 563.<ref name="CFR 563" />

Since between 2008 and 2019, Korea has fitted vehicles with event data recorders, according to Korean regulation KMVSS Art. 56-2 (MOLIT Ord. 534/2018).

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== Regulatory framework ==

In the US 49/563.5 regulatory framework, Event data recorder is defined as a {{blockquote|a device or function in a vehicle that records the vehicle's dynamic time-series data during the time period just prior to a crash event (e.g., vehicle speed vs. time) or during a crash event (e.g., delta-V vs. time), intended for retrieval after the crash event. For the purposes of this definition, the event data do not include audio and video data.}}<ref name="CFR 563" />

In an EU parliament text adopted in 2019, event data recorder requirements assume:

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==NHTSA ruling==

From 1998 to 2001, the [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] (NHTSA) sponsored a working group specifically tasked with the study of EDRs. After years of evaluation, NHTSA released a formal Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in 2004. This notice declared NHTSA's intent to standardize EDRs. It was not until August 2006 that NHTSA released its final ruling (49 CFR Part 563). The ruling was lengthy (207 pages), consisting of not only definitions and mandatory EDR standards, but also acted as a formal reply to the dozens of petitions received by NHTSA after the 2004 notice.<ref name="CFR 563" />

Since there was already an overwhelming trend for voluntary EDR installation, the ruling did not require manufacturers to install EDRs in vehicles produced for North America. Based on its analysis, NHTSA estimated that by 2010, over 85% of vehicles would already have EDRs installed in them, but warned that if the trend did not continue, the agency would revisit their decision and possibly make installation a requirement.