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===Knowledge hiding, knowledge hoarding, and knowledge sabotage===
Counterproductive knowledge behavior refers to employees' actions impeding organizational knowledge flows. <!-- 1 --> <ref name="Serenko">{{cite journal | last1 = Serenko | first1 = A. | last2 = Bontis | first2 = N. | year = 2016 | title = Understanding counterproductive knowledge behavior: Antecedents and consequences of intra-organizational knowledge hiding | url = http://www.aserenko.com/papers/Serenko_Bontis_Knowledge_Hiding.pdf| journal = Journal of Knowledge Management | volume = 20 | issue = 6| pages = 1199–1224 | doi=10.1108/JKM-05-2016-0203}}</ref> <!-- 2 --> Examples include knowledge hiding defined as the intentional attempts of employees to conceal their knowledge when their colleagues request it, <!-- 3 --> <ref name="Connelly">{{cite journal | last1 = Connelly | first1 = C. | last2 = Zweig | first2 = D. | year = 2015 | title = How perpetrators and targets construe knowledge hiding in organizations | journal = European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology | volume = 24 | issue = 3| pages = 479–489| doi = 10.1080/1359432X.2014.931325 | s2cid = 143853279 }}</ref> <!-- 4 --> knowledge hoarding which is the accumulation of knowledge by employees while concealing the fact that they possess this knowledge, <!-- 5 --> <ref name="Evans">{{cite journal | last1 = Evans | first1 = J. | last2 = Hendron | first2 = M. | last3 = Oldroyd | first3 = J. | year = 2015 | title = Withholding the ace: The individual- and unit-level performance effects of self-reported and perceived knowledge hoarding | journal = Organization Science | volume = 26 | issue = 2| pages = 494–510| doi = 10.1287/orsc.2014.0945 }}</ref> <!-- 6 --> and knowledge sabotage which is an incident when an employee (i.e., the saboteur) intentionally provides wrong knowledge (information, advice, a document, or a recommendation) to another employee (the target). <!-- 7 --> <ref name="Serenko2">{{cite journal | last1 = Serenko | first1 = A. | year = 2019 | title = Knowledge sabotage as an extreme form of counterproductive knowledge behavior: Conceptualization, typology, and empirical demonstration | url = http://www.aserenko.com/papers/Serenko_JKM_Knowledge_Sabotage_1_Published.pdf| journal = Journal of Knowledge Management | volume = 23 | issue = 7 | pages = 1260–1288 | doi=10.1108/JKM-01-2018-0007| s2cid = 199009374 }}</ref>
===Lateness===
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