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This is a property of a system—whether a [[computer program|program]], [[computer]], or a [[computer network|network]]—where there is a separate execution point or "thread of control" for each process. A ''concurrent system'' is one where a computation can advance without waiting for all other computations to complete.<ref>''Operating System Concepts'' 9th edition, Abraham Silberschatz. "Chapter 4: Threads"</ref>
Concurrent computing is a form of [[modular programming]]. In its [[programming paradigm|paradigm]] an overall computation is [[decomposition (computer science)|factored]] into subcomputations that may be executed concurrently. Pioneers in the field of concurrent computing include [[Edsger Dijkstra]], [[Per Brinch Hansen]], and [[C.A.R. Hoare]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4757-3472-0 |title=The Origin of Concurrent Programming |year=2002 |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-1-4757-3472-0|isbn=978-1-4419-2986-0 |s2cid=44909506 |editor-last1=Hansen |editor-first1=Per Brinch }}</ref>
==Introduction==
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