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[[File:Pakistan-U.S. Student Exchange Program 2011.jpg|thumb|Pakistan to US Student Exchange Program, July 2011]]
A '''student exchange program''' is a program in which students from a [[secondary school]] (high school) or university [[study abroad]] at one of their institution's partner institutions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2006 |title=Stella Ting-Toomey, PhD |url=http://www.ces.uc.pt/icopromo/documents/02%20Stella%20Ting-Toomey%20-%20Developing%20Intercultural%20Communication%20Competence%20-%20A%20Mindful%20Systems%20Perspective.pdf |access-date=25 October 2014}}</ref>▼
▲A '''student exchange program''' is a program in which students from a [[secondary school]] (high school) or university [[study abroad]] at one of their institution's partner institutions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2006 |title=Stella Ting-Toomey, PhD |url=http://www.ces.uc.pt/icopromo/documents/02%20Stella%20Ting-Toomey%20-%20Developing%20Intercultural%20Communication%20Competence%20-%20A%20Mindful%20Systems%20Perspective.pdf |access-date=25 October 2014}}</ref>
A student exchange program may involve international travel, but does not necessarily require the student to study outside their home country.
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The costs of student exchange are determined by the charges from a student exchange program organisation or the university or college.<ref name=":0" /> The costs vary depending on the country, length of study and other personal factors. Different programs through the school/university of choice may offer students scholarships that cover the expenses of travel and accommodation and the personal needs of a student.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Discounts and Scholarships {{!}} Student Exchange Programs {{!}} Over 25 Countries. Live overseas for one to twelve months. Stay with a host family, attend school, live like a local, learn the language! Experience is everything. " Student Exchange Australia New Zealand |url=http://studentexchange.org.au/programs-overview/discounts-scholarships |access-date=15 May 2016 |website=studentexchange.org.au}}</ref>
== Prevalence
Students study abroad from many countries around the globe. As of 2017, the top 8 countries sending students abroad for tertiary education are as follows:<ref>{{Cite web |last=Niall |first=McCarthy |date=12 May 2020 |title=Infographic: The Countries With The Most Students Studying Abroad |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/3624/the-countries-with-the-most-students-studying-abroad/ |access-date=20 November 2020 |website=Statista Infographics |language=en}}</ref>
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===Australian context===
====Australian high school exchange programs====
Each state in Australia provides a different program of student exchange for secondary students. The programmes from each state are different for whether a student in Australia is looking to study internationally or a student from another country is looking to study in Australia. Student exchange in Australia, depending on the state, might be managed by registered exchange organisations or the school chosen for study must be registered.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Secondary student exchange - DE International |url=http://www.decinternational.nsw.edu.au/study/student-exchange |access-date=15 May 2016 |website=www.decinternational.nsw.edu.au}}</ref> The countries that are most popular for Australian students to choose to study are, Japan, France, Germany, USA, Italy, Canada, Belgium, Spain and Argentina. The main purpose of student exchange in Australia is to allow students to study, engage and experience a new culture. International students who choose to study in Australia are given different opportunities through the programmes at set schools will learn about Australian culture, but also gain English language skills at a high school level.{{Citation needed|date= October 2019}}
====Australian university students exchange programs====
Exchange programs for university students to study abroad vary depending on the university campus offers. International student exchange programs for university students are aimed to enhance students' intercultural skills and knowledge. Student exchange programs for university students allow broadening their knowledge on their study of choice from a different country. This gives university students a chance to develop their work experience by seeing how their studying profession is practiced in another country. International exchange for tertiary students allows them to gain cultural experience in their studies and a chance to travel abroad while completing their degree.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lynas |first=Kathie |year=2009 |title=Student exchange program broadens world of participants |journal=Canadian Pharmacists Journal |volume=142 |issue=1 |pages=14 |doi=10.3821/1913-701x-142.1.14 |s2cid=72483524}}</ref>
=== Foreign students in Spain ===
A series of studies conducted within the last decade found similar results in students studying abroad in Spain for a short-term and/or semester long program. These studies found that students can improve their speaking proficiency during one semester, there is a positive relationship between students' integrative motivation and interaction with second language culture, and student contact with the Spanish language has a great effect on their speaking improvement.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hernández |first=Todd A. |date=1 December 2010 |title=The Relationship Among Motivation, Interaction, and the Development of Second Language Oral Proficiency in a Study-Abroad Context |url=https://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1030&context=span_fac |journal=The Modern Language Journal |language=en |volume=94 |issue=4 |pages=600–617 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-4781.2010.01053.x |issn=1540-4781}}</ref> We especially see these results in students who live with host families during their program. Anne Reynolds-Case found improvements in understanding and usage of the ''vosotros'' form after studying in Spain.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reynolds-Case |first=Anne |date=1 June 2013 |title=The Value of Short-Term Study Abroad: An Increase in Students' Cultural and Pragmatic Competency |journal=Foreign Language Annals |language=en |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=311–322 |doi=10.1111/flan.12034 |issn=1944-9720}}</ref> One study specifically studies culture perceptions of students studying abroad in Spain. Alan Meredith defines culture as consisting "of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behavior acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts." Questionnaires were given to students living with host families during a two-month program in Spain. He studies how these groups perceive customs, such as concern for personal appearance, physical contact, cooking styles, politics, etc. The study found a variety of results depending the cultural custom. However, the US students' perceptions most closely aligned with the Young Spaniards (16–22 years old).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Meredith |first=R. Alan |date=2010 |title=Acquiring Cultural Perceptions during Study Abroad: The Influence of Youthful Associates |journal=Hispania |volume=93 |issue=4 |pages=686–702 |jstor=25758244}}</ref> At the same time, Angela George's study found little significance in the adoption of regional features during their semester abroad.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=George |first=Angela |date=1 March 2014 |title=Study Abroad in Central Spain: The Development of Regional Phonological Features |journal=Foreign Language Annals |language=en |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=97–114 |doi=10.1111/flan.12065 |issn=1944-9720}}</ref> Though most of these studies focused on students who came from America to study in Spain, the United States is not the only one sending their students. Brian Denman's article demonstrates an increase of Saudi student mobility for education, including locations such as Spain.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Denman |first1=Brian D. |last2=Hilal |first2=Kholoud T. |date=1 August 2011 |title=From barriers to bridges: An investigation on Saudi student mobility (2006–2009) |journal=International Review of Education |language=en |volume=57 |issue=3–4 |pages=299–318 |bibcode=2011IREdu..57..299D |doi=10.1007/s11159-011-9221-0 |issn=0020-8566 |s2cid=143960533}}</ref>
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