Networking and Information Technology Research and Development: Difference between revisions
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== Organization ==
The NITRD Program is managed by the NITRD Subcommittee of the [[National Science and Technology Council]]’s (NSTC) Committee on Technology and supported by the NITRD National Coordination Office (NCO). ===Working Groups===
NITRD Program’s member agencies coordinate their NITRD research activities and plans by Interagency Working Groups (IWGs). For each IWG, agency representatives meet to exchange information and collaborate on research plans and activities such as testbeds, workshops, and cooperative proposal solicitations. ===Program Component Areas===▼
The annual NITRD Supplement to the President’s Budget is organized by Program Component Areas (PCAs), where the PCAs are major subject areas for federal IT R&D. PCAs are intended to facilitate budgetary comparisons from year to year in each area. The PCA set evolves over time, reflecting changes in IT R&D activities at federal agencies and IT R&D priorities of the Administration.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nitrd.gov/|title=The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program|website=The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program}}</ref> In its first annual report to Congress, the Supplement to the President’s Fiscal Year 1992 Budget, HPCC reported a FY 1991 base budget of $489 million ({{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=489000000|start_year=1991|r=-5|fmt=eq}}), with eight federal agencies participating, and four R&D components. The FY 2019 NITRD Supplement to the President’s Budget reports to Congress an estimated budget of $5.2B billion ({{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=5002000000|start_year=2019|r=-6|fmt=eq}}) across 24 Federal agencies and 11 R&D focus areas. === Participating agencies ===▼
▲NITRD Program’s member agencies coordinate their NITRD research activities and plans by Interagency Working Groups (IWGs). For each IWG, agency representatives meet to exchange information and collaborate on research plans and activities such as testbeds, workshops, and cooperative proposal solicitations.
▲The annual NITRD Supplement to the President’s Budget is organized by Program Component Areas (PCAs), where the PCAs are major subject areas for federal IT R&D. PCAs are intended to facilitate budgetary comparisons from year to year in each area. The PCA set evolves over time, reflecting changes in IT R&D activities at federal agencies and IT R&D priorities of the Administration.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nitrd.gov/|title=The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program|website=The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program}}</ref> In its first annual report to Congress, the Supplement to the President’s Fiscal Year 1992 Budget, HPCC reported a FY 1991 base budget of $489 million, with eight federal agencies participating, and four R&D components. The FY 2019 NITRD Supplement to the President’s Budget reports to Congress an estimated budget of $5.2B billion across 24 Federal agencies and 11 R&D focus areas.
The following federal agencies report their IT research budgets in the NITRD "crosscut" and provide proportional funding to support NITRD's operations:
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* [[National Reconnaissance Office]] (NRO)
* [[National Science Foundation]] (NSF)
Representatives of other agencies also participate. === Coordination ===
NITRD's National Coordination Office (NCO) supports NITRD's planning, budget, and assessment activities. The NCO also supports the NITRD Subcommittee, which coordinates the NITRD Program, and the organizations that report to the Subcommittee.<ref name="auto"/> The NCO's director is appointed by the Director of the White House [[Office of Science and Technology Policy]]. The NCO works with the NITRD agencies, IWGs, CGs and the White House [[Office of Management and Budget]] to prepare, publish, and disseminate the Program's annual supplement to the President's Budget, Federal networking and IT R&D plans, and networking and IT research needs reports. The NCO provides technical support for the activities of the Networking and Information Technology Subcommittee of the [[President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology]], a panel of experts from industry and academia, in assessing the NITRD Program and preparing associated reports. The NCO maintains the NITRD Web site – [https://www.nitrd.gov The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program] – which contains information about the Program and electronic versions of NITRD documents
== History and legal background ==
The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program (formerly known as High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Program) was created by the [[High Performance Computing Act of 1991]], (P.L. 102-194)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/102nd-congress/senate-bill/272/text|title=Text – S.272 – 102nd Congress (1991–1992): High-Performance Computing Act of 1991|first=Albert|last=Gore|date=December 9, 1991|website=www.congress.gov}}</ref> and amended by the Next Generation Internet Research Act of 1998 (P.L. 105-305),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/congressional-report/105th-congress/senate-report/173/1|title=S. Rept. 105–173 – NEXT GENERATION INTERNET RESEARCH ACT OF 1998|website=www.congress.gov}}</ref> and the America COMPETES (Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science) Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-69).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/110th-congress/house-bill/2272|title=H.R.2272 – 110th Congress (2007–2008): America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act|first=Bart|last=Gordon|date=August 9, 2007|website=www.congress.gov}}</ref> NITRD was reauthorized by Congress in the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act of 2017 (P.L. 114-329).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-bill/3084/text|title=Text – S.3084 – 114th Congress (2015–2016): American Innovation and Competitiveness Act|first=Cory|last=Gardner|date=January 6, 2017|website=www.congress.gov}}</ref>
Dr. [[Donald A.B. Lindberg]] was the founding Director of the National Coordination Office (NCO) for NITRD, formerly the NCO for High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC). The High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 called for the coordination of activities in high-performance computing and the establishment of a National Research and Education Network (NREN) across Federal agencies. Dr. Lindberg led this effort from 1992 to 1995 while serving concurrently as the Director of the National Library of Medicine (NLM). ==Directors==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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! Name ! ! Dates ! ! Notes
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| [[Donald A.B. Lindberg]] || September 1992 – March 1995 ||
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