Declaration on the Common Language: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 10:47, 25 December 2022

Revision as of 03:10, 15 January 2023

Line 12:

The '''Declaration on the Common Language''' ({{lang-sh|Deklaracija o zajedničkom jeziku}} / {{lang|sh-Cyrl|Декларација о заједничком језику}}) was issued in 2017 by a group of intellectuals and [[NGO]]s from [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Montenegro]] and [[Serbia]] who were working under the banner of a project called "Language and Nationalism". The ''Declaration'' states that [[Bosniaks]], [[Croats]], [[Montenegrins]] and [[Serbs]] have a common [[standard language]] of the [[Polycentric language|polycentric]] type.

Before any public presentation, the ''Declaration'' was signed by over 200 [[Famous people|prominent]] writers, scientists, journalists, activists and other public figures from the four [[Country|countries]].<ref name="Trudgill"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Šipka|first=Danko|authorlink=Danko Sipka|year=2019|title=Lexical layers of identity: words, meaning, and culture in the Slavic languages|___location=New York|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=168|doi=10.1017/9781108685795|isbn=978-953-313-086-6|s2cid=150383965 |lccn=2018048005 |oclc=1061308790|quote=2017, a group of over 200 intellectuals (mostly writers, actors, but also numerous linguists) published a declaration on the common language, which, among others, claimed that Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin are not separate languages but rather variants of the common language.}}</ref> After being [[Publishing|published]], it has been signed by over 10,000 people from all over the region.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mader Skender|first=Mia|title=Die kroatische Standardsprache auf dem Weg zur Ausbausprache|language=German|trans-title=The Croatian standard language on the way to ausbau language|chapter=Deklaracija o zajedničkom jeziku|trans-chapter=Declaration on the Common Language|url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/215815/|format=PDF|publisher=University of Zurich, Faculty of Arts, Institute of Slavonic Studies|series=UZH Dissertations|pages=81–84|___location=Zurich|year=2022|doi=10.5167/uzh-215815|accessdate=3 March 2022|quote=Die Liste kann auf der genannten Seite eingesehen werden und zählt mittlerweile weit mehr als 10.000 Unterschriften. |trans-quote=The list can be viewed on the mentioned page and now counts well over 10.000 signatures. |quote-page=82}}</ref> The ''Declaration on the common language'' is an attempt to counter nationalistic factions.<ref>{{cite web|first=Sven|last=Milekić|date=30 March 2017|title=Post-Yugoslav 'Common Language' Declaration Challenges Nationalism|url=http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/post-yugoslav-common-language-declaration-challenges-nationalism-03-29-2017|publisher=[[Balkan Insight]]|archive-date=27 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427234436/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/post-yugoslav-common-language-declaration-challenges-nationalism-03-29-2017|url-status=live|___location=London|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> Its aim is to stimulate discussion on language without nationalism and to contribute to the [[Reconciliation (ethnic relations)|reconciliation]] process.<ref name="Economist"/>

==Contents of the Declaration==

Line 18:

==International project "Languages and nationalisms"==

The ''Declaration'' followed the international project Languages and Nationalisms,<ref>{{cite web|first=Goran|last=Duhaček|date=14 April 2017|title=Izložba 'Izbor političkih performansa u Hrvatskoj od 2000. do danas'|trans-title=Exhibition 'Selection of Political Performances in Croatia From 2000 to Present'|language=sh|url=https://www.tportal.hr/kultura/clanak/izlozba-izbor-politickih-performansa-u-hrvatskoj-od-2000-do-danas-20170414|publisher=T-portal|___location=Zagreb|issn=1334-3130|archive-date=20 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420020751/https://www.tportal.hr/kultura/clanak/izlozba-izbor-politickih-performansa-u-hrvatskoj-od-2000-do-danas-20170414|url-status=live|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Tina|last=Barbarić|date=24 October 2017|title=Ovi politički performansi obilježili su noviju hrvatsku povijest|trans-title=These Political Performances Have Marked the Recent Croatian History|language=sh|url=https://www.tportal.hr/kultura/clanak/evo-koji-su-politicki-perfrormansi-obiljezili-modernu-hrvatsku-povijest-foto-20171023|publisher=T-portal|___location=Zagreb|issn=1334-3130|archive-date=25 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025182952/https://www.tportal.hr/kultura/clanak/evo-koji-su-politicki-perfrormansi-obiljezili-modernu-hrvatsku-povijest-foto-20171023|url-status=live|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="Bodrozic">{{cite web|first=Ivana|last=Bodrožić|author-link=Ivana Bodrožić|date=30 March 2017|title=Govor na predstavljanju Deklaracije u Sarajevu|trans-title=Speech on the Presentation of the Declaration in Sarajevo|language=sh|url=http://www.vecernji.hr/hrvatska/bodrozic-ne-stvaramo-jugoslavenski-jezik-1159780|newspaper=[[Večernji list]]|___location=Zagreb|issn=0350-5006|archive-date=1 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401225127/http://www.vecernji.hr/hrvatska/bodrozic-ne-stvaramo-jugoslavenski-jezik-1159780|url-status=live|access-date=18 June 2019}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FQe5p3NFIo Alt URL]</ref> (founded by two German [[Foundation (nonprofit)|foundations]]: [[:de:Forum Ziviler Friedensdienst|Forum Ziviler Friedensdienst]] and [[:de:Allianz Kulturstiftung|Allianz Kulturstiftung]]), within which [[Professional conference|conferences]] were held in the four countries during 2016, thus providing an insight into the current situation and problems.<ref>{{cite web|title=Konferencija ''Jezici i nacionalizmi''|trans-title=Conference ''Languages and Nationalisms''|language=sh|work=TV show Novi dan|url=http://ba.n1info.com/a123799/Video/Info/Konferencija-Jezici-i-nacionalizmi.html|publisher=[[N1 (TV channel)|N1]]|date=22 November 2016|access-date=18 June 2019|archive-date=28 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228221004/http://ba.n1info.com/a123799/Video/Info/Konferencija-Jezici-i-nacionalizmi.html|url-status=dead}} 15. min</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=28 March 2017|title=Serbokroatisch/Kroatoserbisch: neue Deklaration über gemeinsame Sprache|trans-title=Serbo-Croatian: New Declaration on the Common Language|language=de|url=http://www.kosmo.at/serbo-kroatisch-neue-deklaration-ueber-gemeinsame-sprache/|publisher=Kosmo|archive-date=7 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807155905/https://www.kosmo.at/serbo-kroatisch-neue-deklaration-ueber-gemeinsame-sprache/|url-status=live|___location=Vienna|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> The project was inspired by the book ''[[:sh:Jezik i nacionalizam|Language and Nationalism]]'',<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bugarski |first=Ranko|authorlink=Ranko Bugarski|title="The Declaration on the Common Language": A View from the Inside |journal= Aegean Working Papers in Ethnographic Linguistics |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=23 |year=2019 |doi=10.12681/awpel.22595 |ids2cid={{S2CID|216297674}} |url=https://ejournals.epublishing.ekt.gr/index.php/awpel/article/view/22595/19212 |url-status=live |format=PDF |accessdate=2022-07-17 |quote=The Declaration came into being as a result of a year-long regional project called "Jezici i nacionalizmi" [Languages and nationalisms], originally inspired by an influential book by the well-known Croatian linguist Snježana Kordić (2010). }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Srbi, Hrvati, Bošnjaci i Crnogorci govore istim jezikom|trans-title=Serbs, Croats, Bosniaks and Montenegrins Speak the Same Language|language=sh|work=TV show N1 na jedan|url=http://ba.n1info.com/a123713/Vijesti/Vijesti/Snjezana-Kordic-u-vezi-jezika.html|publisher=[[N1 (TV channel)|N1]]|date=21 November 2016|access-date=18 June 2019|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043043/http://ba.n1info.com/a123713/Vijesti/Vijesti/Snjezana-Kordic-u-vezi-jezika.html|url-status=dead}} 25 min</ref><ref>{{YouTube|cAek_v71bLE|Panel "Whose is Our Language?", min 25}} {{in lang|sh}}</ref> and was organized by four non-governmental organizations from each of the countries included: [[P.E.N.]] Center Bosnia-Herzegovina from [[Sarajevo]], the Association Kurs from [[Split, Croatia|Split]], [[Krokodil Literary Festival|Krokodil]] from [[Belgrade]] and the Civic Education Center from [[Podgorica]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Regionalne ekspertske konferencije: Jezici i nacionalizmi|trans-title=International Expert Conferences: Languages and Nationalisms|language=sh|url=http://www.vijesti.me/caffe/regionalne-ekspertske-konferencije-jezici-i-nacionalizmi-881803|newspaper=[[Vijesti]]|___location=Podgorica|issn=1450-6181|date=1 April 2016|access-date=18 June 2019|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040852/http://www.vijesti.me/caffe/regionalne-ekspertske-konferencije-jezici-i-nacionalizmi-881803|url-status=dead}}</ref> An interdisciplinary series of [[Professional conference|expert conferences]] in Podgorica, Split, Belgrade and Sarajevo took place under participation of [[linguist]]s, journalists, [[anthropologist]]s and others.<ref>{{cite web|title=Uzdizanje čistog govora vodi u lingvicizam|trans-title=Praising pure speech leads to linguicism|language=sh|url=http://www.danas.rs/drustvo.55.html?news_id=329337&title=Uzdizanje+%C4%8Distog+govora+vodi+u+lingvicizam|work=[[Danas (newspaper)|Danas]]|archive-date=18 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318081848/http://www.danas.rs/drustvo.55.html?news_id=329337&title=Uzdizanje+čistog+govora+vodi+u+lingvicizam|url-status=live|___location=Belgrade|issn=1450-538X|date=7 October 2016|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Dragan|last=Banjac|title=Kradu li nacionalisti jezik?|trans-title=Do Nationalists Steal Language?|language=sh|url=http://balkans.aljazeera.net/vijesti/kradu-li-nacionalisti-jezik|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|archive-date=22 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222201528/http://balkans.aljazeera.net/vijesti/kradu-li-nacionalisti-jezik|url-status=live|date=9 October 2016|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> Numerous [[audience]]s were also included.<ref>{{cite news|last=Duilo|first=Dražen|title=A što ako Srbi i Hrvati imaju zajednički jezik?|trans-title=What if Serbs and Croats Have a Common Language?|language=sh|url=http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/scena/kultura/clanak/id/313000/a-sto-ako-srbi-i-hrvati-imaju-zajednicki-jezik|newspaper=[[Slobodna Dalmacija]]|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040438/http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/scena/kultura/clanak/id/313000/a-sto-ako-srbi-i-hrvati-imaju-zajednicki-jezik|url-status=live|___location=Split|issn=0350-4662|date=19 May 2016|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Dušan|last=Komarčević|title=Čiji je naš jezik?|trans-title=Whose is Our Language?* |language=sh|url=http://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/ciji-je-nas-jezik/28034800.html|publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]|archive-date=3 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170403101645/http://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/ciji-je-nas-jezik/28034800.html|url-status=live|date=6 October 2016|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> The titles of [[debate]]s on the conferences were:

{{multiple image