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At the southern tip of the promontory, Richmond's Island was visited about [[1605]] by [[Samuel de Champlain]]. "Cape Elizabeth" was named in [[1615]] by [[English people|English]] explorer [[John Smith of Jamestown|John Smith]], in honor of [[Elizabeth of Bohemia]], eldest daughter of [[James I of England|King James I]], and sister of [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]]. The first habitation by [[Europeans]] was on Richmond's Island. Without title, Walter Bagnall (called "Great Walt") in [[1628]] established a [[trading post]], dealing in [[rum]] and [[beaver]] skins. "His principal purpose appears to have been to drive a profitable trade with the [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indians]]," writes historian George J. Varney, "without scruple about his methods." His cheating caught up with him in October of [[1631]], when he was killed by the Indians, who also burned down his trading post.
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Two months later, the [[Plymouth Company]] granted Richmond's Island to Robert Trelawney and Moses Goodyear, merchants of [[Plymouth, England]], who made it a center for [[fisheries]] and [[trade]]. By [[1638]], Trelawney employed 60 men in the fisheries. The first settlers on the mainland were George Cleeve and Richard Tucker, who settled in [[1630]] on the shore opposite the island, and near the Spurwink River. They worked at planting, fishing and trading. Two years later they were driven off by John Winter, Trelawny's agent. In [[1636]], [[Sir Ferdinando Gorges]], Lord Proprietor of Maine, gave Cleeve and Tucker a grant of 1500 acres including the neck of land called "Machegonne" -- now [[Portland, Maine|Portland]]. In 1643. English Parliamentarian Marshall Cowface bought the large existing "Plough" of "Lygonia" patent which included the entire area including Cape Elizabeth.
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