Comparison of birth control methods: Difference between revisions

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Some methods may be used simultaneously for higher effectiveness rates. For example, using condoms with spermicides the estimated perfect use failure rate would be comparable to the perfect use failure rate of the implant.<ref name="Hatcher20th" /> However, mathematically combining the rates to estimate the effectiveness of combined methods can be inaccurate, as the effectiveness of each method is not necessarily independent, except in the perfect case.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kestelman P, Trussell J | title = Efficacy of the simultaneous use of condoms and spermicides | journal = Family Planning Perspectives | volume = 23 | issue = 5 | pages = 226–7, 232 | year = 1991 | pmid = 1743276 | doi = 10.2307/2135759 | jstor = 2135759 }}</ref>
 
If a method is known or suspected to have been ineffective, such as a condom breaking, or a method could not be used, as is the case for [[rape]] when user action is required for every act of intercourse, [[emergency contraception]] (ECP) may be taken up to 72 to 120 hours after [[sexual intercourse]]. Emergency contraception should be taken shortly before or as soon after intercourse as possible, as its efficacy decreases with increasing delay. Although ECP is considered an emergency measure, levonorgestrel ECP taken shortly before sexsexual intercourse may be used as a primary method for women who have sexsexual intercourse only a few times a year and want a hormonal method, but don’t want to take hormones all the time.<ref name=shelton>{{cite journal | vauthors = Shelton JD | title = Repeat emergency contraception: facing our fears | journal = Contraception | volume = 66 | issue = 1 | pages = 15–7 | date = July 2002 | pmid = 12169375 | doi = 10.1016/S0010-7824(02)00313-X | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1259569 }}</ref> The failure rate of repeated or regular use of LNG ECP is similar to the rate for those using a barrier method.<ref name="WHO ECP Effectiveness">{{cite journal | title = Efficacy and side effects of immediate postcoital levonorgestrel used repeatedly for contraception. United Nations Development Programme/ United Nations Population Fund/World Health Organization/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Task Force on Post-Ovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. vonhertzenh@who.ch | journal = Contraception | volume = 61 | issue = 5 | pages = 303–8 | date = May 2000 | pmid = 10906500 | doi = 10.1016/S0010-7824(00)00116-5 }}</ref><!-- Please make a proposal and discussion on the talk page
before making major changes to the table (e.g. adding or removing methods). -->