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By contrast, relational databases, such as [[SQL]], group scalars into [[tuples]], which are then enumerated in [[Table (database)|tables]]. Tuples and objects have some general similarity, in that they are both ways to collect values into named fields such that the whole collection can be manipulated as a single compound entity. They have many differences, though, in particular: lifecycle management (row insertion and deletion, versus [[Garbage_collection_(computer_science)|garbage collection]] or [[reference counting]]), references to other entities (object references, versus foreign key references), and inheritance (non-existent in relational databases). As well, objects are managed on-heap and are under full control of a single process, while database tuples are shared and must incorporate locking, merging, and retry. Object–relational mapping provides automated support for mapping tuples to objects and back, while accounting for all of these differences.<ref name="hibernate-orm-overview">
{{cite web |title=What is Object/Relational Mapping? |url=http://www.hibernate.org/about/orm |url-status=live |access-date=27 January 2022 |work=Hibernate Overview |publisher=JBOSS Hibernate |language=en-US}}
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