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{{Short description|Improving the effectiveness of organizations and the individuals and teams within them}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}
'''Training and development''' involve improving the effectiveness of organizations and the individuals and teams within them.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Aguinis|first1=Herman|last2=Kraiger|first2=Kurt|date=January 2009|title=Benefits of Training and Development for Individuals and Teams, Organizations, and Society|journal=[[Annual Review of Psychology]]|volume=60|issue=1|pages=451–474|doi=10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163505|pmid=18976113|s2cid=45609735 |issn=0066-4308}}</ref> [[Training]] may be viewed as related to immediate changes in [[organizational effectiveness]] via organized instruction, while development is related to the progress of longer-term organizational and employee goals. While [[training]] and development technically have differing definitions, the two are oftentimes used interchangeably and/or together. Training and development have historically been topics within adult education and applied psychology but have within the last two decades become closely associated with [[Human resource management|human resources management]], [[talent management]], human resources development, [[instructional design]], [[Human factors and ergonomics|human factors]], and knowledge management.<ref name=":1" />
==History==
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* Increased productivity and job performance <ref name=":1" />
* Skills development <ref name=":1" />
*Team development <ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Citation|last1=Kozlowski|first1=Steve W. J.|title=Work Groups and Teams in Organizations|date=2003-04-15|work=Handbook of Psychology|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=0471264385|last2=Bell|first2=Bradford S.|doi=10.1002/0471264385.wei1214|url=https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/articles/389|hdl=1813/75229|s2cid=28847722 |hdl-access=free}}</ref>
*Decreasing safety-related accidents <ref>{{Cite book|title=Improving patient safety through teamwork and team training|others=Salas, Eduardo, Frush, Karen|isbn=9780199875542|___location=New York|oclc=811142213|last1 = Salas|first1 = Eduardo|last2 = Frush|first2 = Karen|date = 24 August 2012}}</ref>
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