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Dynamic frequency scaling almost always appear in conjunction with [[dynamic voltage scaling]], since higher frequencies require higher supply voltages for the digital circuit to yield correct results. The combined topic is known as '''dynamic voltage and frequency scaling''' ('''DVFS''').
Processor throttling is also known as "automatic [[underclocking]]". Automatic
== Operation ==
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[[Subthreshold leakage|Leakage current]] has become more and more important as transistor sizes have become smaller and threshold voltage levels are reduced. A decade ago, dynamic power accounted for approximately two-thirds of the total chip power. The power loss due to leakage currents in contemporary CPUs and SoCs tend to dominate the total power consumption. In the attempt to control the leakage power, [[High-κ dielectric|high-k metal-gates]] and power gating have been common methods.
The efficiency of some electrical components, such as voltage regulators, decreases with increasing temperature, so the power usage may increase with temperature. Since increasing power use may increase the temperature, increases in voltage or frequency may increase system power demands even further than the CMOS formula indicates, and vice versa.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.silentpcreview.com/article821-page5.html | title = Asus EN9600GT Silent Edition Graphics Card | author = Mike Chin | page = 5 | work = Silent PC Review | access-date = 21 April 2008}}</ref><ref name="SPCRNewLevels">{{cite web | url = http://www.silentpcreview.com/article814-page1.html | title = 80 Plus expands podium for Bronze, Silver & Gold | author = Mike Chin | work = Silent PC Review | date = 19 March 2008 | access-date = 21 April 2008 }}</ref>
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