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===Power systems===
In recent years, HIL for power systems has been used for verifying the stability, operation, and fault tolerance of large-scale [[electrical grid]]s. Current-generation real-time processing platforms have the capability to model large-scale power systems in real-time. This includes systems with more than 10,000 buses with associated generators, loads, power-factor correction devices, and network interconnections.<ref>{{cite web|title=ePHASORsim Real-Time Transient Stability Simulator|url=http://www.opal-rt.com/sites/default/files/OPAL-RT_Presentation_ePHASORsim_RT13.pdf|accessdate=23 November 2013}}</ref> These types of simulation platforms enable the evaluation and testing of large-scale power systems in a realistic emulated environment. Moreover, HIL for power systems has been used for investigating the integration of distributed resources, next-generation [[SCADA]] systems and [[Power Management Unit|power management units]], and [[STATCOM|static synchronous compensator]] devices.<ref>{{cite book|last=Al-Hammouri|first=A.T|author2=Nordstrom, L. |author3=Chenine, M. |author4=Vanfretti, L. |author5=Honeth, N. |author6= Leelaruji, R. |title=2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting |chapter=Virtualization of synchronized phasor measurement units within real-time simulators for smart grid applications |
===Offshore systems===
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