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===Link-local IPv4 addresses===
Where no DHCP server is available to assign a host an IP address, the host can select its own [[link-local address]]. Using a link-local address, hosts can communicate over this link but only locally; Access to other networks and the Internet is not possible. There are some link-local IPv4 address implementations available:
* Apple Mac OS and MS Windows have supported link-local addresses since [[Windows 98]] and [[Mac OS 8#Mac OS 8.5|Mac OS 8.5]] (both released in 1998).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cheshire |first1=S. |last2=Aboba |first2=B. |last3=Guttman |first3=E. |date=May 2005 |title=Dynamic Configuration of IPv4 Link-Local Addresses |url=https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3927 |language=en |doi=10.17487/RFC3927 |issn=2070-1721|doi-access=free }}</ref> Apple released its open-source implementation in the [[Darwin (operating system)|Darwin]] bootp package.
* [[Avahi (software)|Avahi]] contains an implementation of IPv4LL in the avahi-autoipd tool.
* Zero-Conf IP (zcip)<ref>{{Citation | url = http://zeroconf.sourceforge.net/ | title = zcip | publisher = Source forge}}</ref>
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