Pulmonary function testing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 05:18, 1 August 2023

Revision as of 00:20, 29 November 2023

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{{Infobox diagnostic

| Name = Pulmonary function testing

| Image =

| Alt =

| Caption =

| DiseasesDB =

| image = Body plethysmograph box.jpg

| caption = Plethysmograph "body box"

| ICD10 =

| ICD9 =

| ICDO =

| MedlinePlus = 003853

| eMedicine =

| MeshID = D012129

| LOINC =

| HCPCSlevel2 =

| OPS301 = {{OPS301|1-71}}

| Reference_range =

}}

{{Pulmonary function}}

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==Indications==

Pulmonary function testing is a diagnostic and management tool used for a variety of reasons, such as:

* Diagnose lung disease.

* Monitor the effect of chronic diseases like [[asthma]], [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|chronic obstructive lung disease]], or [[cystic fibrosis]].

* Detect early changes in lung function.

* Identify narrowing in the airways.

* Evaluate airway bronchodilator reactivity.

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== Risks ==

Pulmonary function testing is a safe procedure; however, there is cause for concern regarding untoward reactions and the value of the test data should be weighed against potential hazards. Some complications include dizziness, shortness of breath, coughing, pneumothorax, and inducing an asthma attack.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-19 |title=Pulmonary Function Tests |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/pulmonary-function-tests |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=www.hopkinsmedicine.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pulmonary function tests: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003853.htm |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=medlineplus.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Contraindications ==

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=== COPD ===

The [[Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease]] provides guidelines for the diagnosis, severity, and management of [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=https://goldcopd.org/about-us/ |access-date=2022-06-16 |website=Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease - GOLD |language=en-US}}</ref> To determine obstruction in a patient's lungs, the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC needs to be <0.7.<ref name=":0" /> Then, the FEV1 percentage of predicted result is used to determine the degree of obstruction where the lower the percent the worse the obstruction.<ref name=":1" />

=== Maximum respiratory pressures ===

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<math>MIP_{LLN}=62-(0.15 \times age)</math>

and

<math>MEP_{LLN}=117-(0.83 \times age)</math>

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<math>MEP_{LLN}=95-(0.57 \times age)</math>

where

* <math>MIP</math> = maximum inspiratory pressure in cmH20

* <math>MEP</math>= maximum expiratory pressure in cmH20

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* <math>MEP_{LLN}</math> = maximum expiratory pressure lower limit of normal in cmH20

* <math>age</math> = the patient's age in years<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Evans JA, Whitelaw WA |date=October 2009 |title=The assessment of maximal respiratory mouth pressures in adults |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19796415/ |journal=Respiratory Care |volume=54 |issue=10 |pages=1348–1359 |pmid=19796415}}</ref>

== References ==