Subsurface mapping by ambient noise tomography: Difference between revisions

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==== Anthropogenic ====
Anthropogenic ambient noise originateS from human activities. Considering the ocean ambient noise source as an example, there are noises that are created unintentionally by human activities, such as shipping and offshore engineering work<ref name="tonyking">{{cite journal |last1=Hildebrand |first1=John A. |title=Anthropogenic and natural sources of ambient noise in the ocean |journal=Marine Ecology Progress Series |date=2023-12-03 |volume=395 |pages=5-20 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/240809612_Anthropogenic_and_natural_sources_of_ambient_noise_in_the_ocean}}</ref>. During the shipping process, [[mechanical waves]] can be driven up along water surface and propagate through the ocean. Offshore [[engineering]] work can also produce surface waves. [[Engineering]] works include but are not limited to [[borehole]] drilling, foundation [[construction]] and geophysical surveys<ref name="tonyking" />. Shoreline [[Land reclamation|reclamation]] has been actively carried out by many countries to create more land for urban development. Those engineering works can thus also be carried out offshore. The processes of offshore drilling and exploration create continuous mechanical waves that can also propagate through ocean.
 
In continental urban areas, there are more examples of human activities creating background noise. Other than engineering works, urban traffic is the major component of urban ambient noise<ref name="tonyking" />. Although the mechanical waves of the continent are not as visible than those from the ocean, they can still be transmitted via the soil and rock layers. Cars travelling on the road can produce repeatable vibration on the road which can then be transmitted through the soil layers.